296 lines
40 KiB
XML
296 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="2B07C40346531B5D0EB7D876FF970ADA" ID-CLB-Dataset="7921" ID-DOI="10.1206/3703.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90096587-f239-4a8e-96a6-f7a2e92dc30d" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565685" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614359269969" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wyniger, Denise" docDate="2010" docId="A87EAD38FF35EB5BF0DA3E8CFD68F930" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2010.3703.1-68.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2010 (3703)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3703.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Orectoderus Uhler. The 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="5447D540FF3EEB55F1643E6DFF93FFE1" masterDocTitle="Resurrection of the Pronotocrepini Knight, with Revisions of the Nearctic Genera Orectoderus Uhler, Pronotocrepis Knight, and Teleorhinus Uhler, and Comments on the Palearctic Ethelastia Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698931350901" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4DB08F8282BF3DB94AD1AD071823A9F2">Resurrection of the Pronotocrepini Knight, with Revisions of the Nearctic Genera Orectoderus Uhler, Pronotocrepis Knight, and Teleorhinus Uhler, and Comments on the Palearctic Ethelastia Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="923E993F8327A460CCF994CC90E8A47C">Wyniger, Denise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="39EFAD018B9183CA92E3CDC753DA67F0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C0B5CBCA2F3B46FF673C842996129F8E">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2D13C36D9DD8E36DF55F6438B8621A0F">
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<mods:date id="1424D002BC291E906310A3853A7DA716">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DDDD951FDDA4D20D7C8B46D9B4374F67">2010-12-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EA2720FA212172FFE86069C9B6354B19">2010</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="47B7A2315B61DA8DBBE616FCC76A3D36">3703</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A5B678997A377D130CFC1C44936AA7DF" type="CLB-Dataset">7921</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="087B3E293D85C7AE918CACF8757287A0" type="DOI">10.1206/3703.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A87EAD38FF35EB5BF0DA3E8CFD68F930" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574297" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179984958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574297" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A87EAD38FF35EB5BF0DA3E8CFD68F930" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A87EAD38FF35EB5BF0DA3E8CFD68F930" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF35EB5EF0DA3E8CFCC1FF1D" box="[446,850,225,252]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="20681C2EFF35EB5EF0DA3E8CFCC1FF1D" blockId="11.[446,850,225,252]" box="[446,850,225,252]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="7B20AB42FF35EB5EF0DA3E8CFCC1FF1D" allCaps="true" box="[446,850,225,252]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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GENUS
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<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF35EB5EF3413E8FFCC1FF1D" ID-CoL="69HJ" ID-ENA="567785" authority="UHLER" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[549,850,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF3413E8FFD7FFF1D" box="[549,748,226,252]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ORECTODERUS</emphasis>
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||
UHLER
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF35EB5EF1043F73FC97FED7" box="[96,772,286,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="20681C2EFF35EB5EF1043F73FC97FED7" blockId="11.[96,1189,286,617]" box="[96,772,286,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="FF6CA28CFF35EB5EF1043F73FF07FED7" box="[96,148,286,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF35EB5EF1903F73FDC5FED7" authority="Uhler, 1876" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1876" box="[244,598,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">
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||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF1903F73FE41FED7" box="[244,466,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Orectoderus obliquus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF0BD3F73FDC5FED7" author="Uhler, P. R." box="[473,598,286,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="269 - 361" refId="ref50592" refString="Uhler, P. R. 1876. List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden exploration of 1872. Bulletin United States geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 1: 269 - 361, pls. 19 - 21." type="journal article" year="1876">Uhler, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(by monotypy).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF35EB5EF1043F2DFD49FD88" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF35EB5EF1043F2DFB01FDA6" blockId="11.[96,1189,286,617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00C73B00FF35EB5EF1043F2DFB01FDA6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF1043F2DFE05FEB9" author="Uhler, P. R." box="[96,406,320,344]" page="319" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1876">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF35EB5EF1043F2DFE05FEB9" ID-CoL="69HJ" authority="Uhler, 1876: 319" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="1876" box="[96,406,320,344]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF1043F2DFF4CFEB9" box="[96,223,320,344]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Orectoderus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF1823F2DFE05FEB9" author="Uhler, P. R." box="[230,406,320,344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="269 - 361" refId="ref50592" refString="Uhler, P. R. 1876. List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden exploration of 1872. Bulletin United States geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 1: 269 - 361, pls. 19 - 21." type="journal article" year="1876">Uhler, 1876: 319</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(original description);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF3F53F2DFCC8FEB9" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[657,859,320,344]" page="222" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1882">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF3F53F2DFCC8FEB9" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[657,859,320,344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 340" refId="ref50437" refString="Scudder, S. H. 1882 (1884). Nomenclator zoologicus. An alphabetical list of all generic names that have been employed by naturalists for recent and fossil animals from the earliest times to the close of the year 1879. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 19: (I) 1 - 376; (II) 1 - 340." type="book chapter" year="1882">Scudder, 1882: 222</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(index);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF2DA3F2DFB07FEB9" author="Atkinson, E. T." box="[958,1172,320,344]" page="175" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1890">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF2DA3F2DFB07FEB9" author="Atkinson, E. T." box="[958,1172,320,344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="25 - 200" refId="ref48569" refString="Atkinson, E. T. 1890. Catalogue of the Insecta. No. 2. Order Rhynchota, Suborder Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Family Capsidae. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 58: 25 - 200." type="journal article" year="1890">Atkinson, 1890: 175</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(catalog);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF19F3F0FFE3CFE9B" author="Smith, J. B." box="[251,431,354,378]" page="428" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1890">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF19F3F0FFE3CFE9B" author="Smith, J. B." box="[251,431,354,378]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref50562" refString="Smith, J. B. 1890. Catalogue of insects found in New Jersey. Final report of the state geologist, Vol. II: 486 pp." type="book" year="1890">Smith, 1890: 428</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(catalog);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF3463F0EFD48FE9B" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[546,731,354,378]" page="151" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1910">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF3463F0EFD48FE9B" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[546,731,354,378]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 167" refId="ref50226" refString="Reuter, O. M. 1910. Neue Beitrage zur Phylogenie und Systematik der Miriden nebst einleitenden Bemerkungen uber die Phylogenie der Heteropteren-Familien. Mit einer Stammbaumstafel. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 37: iv, 1 - 167." type="book chapter" year="1910">Reuter, 1910: 151</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(catalog);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF22A3F0FFBACFE9B" author="Schouteden, H." box="[846,1087,354,378]" page="156" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1913">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF22A3F0FFBACFE9B" author="Schouteden, H." box="[846,1087,354,378]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="100 - 183" refId="ref50289" refString="Schouteden, H. 1913. Rhynchota fur 1912. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung B 79 (8): 100 - 183." type="journal article" year="1913">Schouteden, 1913: 156</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(reference);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF1B33FE8FE5FFE7D" author="Van Duzee, E. P." box="[215,460,388,412]" page="210" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1916">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF1B33FE8FE5FFE7D" author="Van Duzee, E. P." box="[215,460,388,412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="199 - 216" refId="ref50734" refString="Van Duzee, E. P. 1916 a. Synoptical keys to the genera of North American Miridae. University of California Publications Technical Bulletins Entomology 1. 199 - 216." type="journal article" year="1916">Van Duzee, 1916a: 210</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key), 1917: 368 (catalog);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF3953FE9FC30FE7D" author="Knight, H. H." box="[753,931,388,412]" page="67" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1922">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF3953FE9FC30FE7D" author="Knight, H. H." box="[753,931,388,412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="65 - 67" refId="ref49354" refString="Knight, H. H. 1922. The genus Cyrtopeltis Fieber in North America (Heteroptera-Miridae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 17: 65 - 67." type="journal article" year="1922">Knight, 1922: 67</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(note), 1923: 474 (key), 1941: 22 (key), 1968a (diagnosis, key to males), 1968b: 23 (key); Blatchely, 1926: 915 (key), 916 (description);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF04C3FA5FE61FE00" author="Carvalho, J. C. M." box="[296,498,456,481]" page="70" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1952">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF04C3FA5FE61FE00" author="Carvalho, J. C. M." box="[296,498,456,481]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="31 - 110" refId="ref48675" refString="Carvalho, J. C. M. 1952. On the major classification of the Miridae (Hemiptera). (With keys to subfamilies and tribes and a catalogue of the world genera.). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 24: 31 - 110." type="journal article" year="1952">Carvalho, 1952: 70</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(catalog), 1955a: 61 (key);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF2723FA5FC56FE00" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[790,965,456,481]" page="47" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1959">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF2723FA5FC56FE00" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[790,965,456,481]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref49018" refString="Kelton, L. A. 1959. Male genitalia as taxonomic characters in the Miridae (Hemiptera). Candian Entomologist Supplement 11: 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1959">Kelton, 1959: 47</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(diagnosis);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF5343FA5FE81FDE3" author="Bliven, B. P." page="52" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF5343FA5FE81FDE3" author="Bliven, B. P." pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="52 - 61" refId="ref48646" refString="Bliven, B. P. 1962. New species of antlike Miridae with notes on others (Hemiptera). Occidental Entomologist 1: 52 - 61." type="journal article" year="1962">Bliven, 1962: 52–53</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(description, discussion), 58 (note);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF3F93F86FCC7FDE2" author="Schuh, R. T." box="[669,852,491,515]" page="298" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1974">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF3F93F86FCC7FDE2" author="Schuh, R. T." box="[669,852,491,515]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 332" refId="ref50314" refString="Schuh, R. T. 1974. The Orthotylinae and Phylinae (Hemiptera: Miridae) of South Africa with a phylogenetic analysis of the ant-mimetic tribes of the two subfamilies for the world. Entomologica Americana 47: 1 - 332." type="journal article" year="1974">Schuh, 1974: 298</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(note, description, discussion), 299 (description, discussion), 302 (note);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF32B3C60FC99FDC4" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[591,778,525,549]" page="282" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1980">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF32B3C60FC99FDC4" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[591,778,525,549]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 408" refId="ref49047" refString="Kelton, L. A. 1980. The plant bugs of the Prairie Provinces of Canada: Heteroptera: Miridae. Part 8. In The insects and arachnids of Canada. Agriculture Canada Research Branch Publication 1703: 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1980">Kelton, 1980: 282</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(diagnosis, key);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF2A33C60FE9DFDA6" author="McIver, J. D. & G. M. Stonedahl" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="258 - 277" refId="ref49767" refString="McIver, J. D., and G. M. Stonedahl. 1987 a. Biology of the myrmecomorphic plant bug Coquillettia insignis Uhler (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 95: 258 - 277." type="journal article" year="1987">McIver and Stonedahl, 1987a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF07D3C42FECAFDA6" author="McIver, J. D. & G. M. Stonedahl" box="[281,345,559,583]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="278 - 289" refId="ref49814" refString="McIver, J. D., and G. M. Stonedahl. 1987 b. Biology of the myrmecomorphic plant bug Orectoderus obliquus Uhler (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 95: 278 - 289." type="journal article" year="1987">1987b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(description, discussion, biology);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A1763A3FFF35EB5EF3B63C42FBD0FDA6" author="Polhemus, D. A. & J. T. Polhemus" box="[722,1091,559,583]" page="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF3B63C42FBD0FDA6" author="Polhemus, D. A. & J. T. Polhemus" box="[722,1091,559,583]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="23 - 27" refId="ref49975" refString="Polhemus, D. A., and J. T. Polhemus. 1988. A new ant mimetic mirid from the Colorado tundra (Hemiptera: Miridae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 64: 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1988">Polhemus and Polhemus, 1988: 25</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(note).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF35EB5EF1043C3CFD49FD88" blockId="11.[96,1189,286,617]" box="[96,730,593,617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF1043C3CFF49FD88" box="[96,218,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Orectoderes</emphasis>
|
||
[sic]
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF35EB5EF0733C3FFE56FD88" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[279,453,593,617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref50193" refString="Reuter, O. M. 1909. Bemerkungen uber nearktische Capsiden nebst Beschreibung neuer Arten. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 36 (2): 1 - 86, 3 pl." type="journal article" year="1909">Reuter, 1909: 65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(description, comments).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF35EB5EF1F43CE6FD89FB51" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF35EB5EF1F43CE6FD89FB51" blockId="11.[96,1201,651,1760]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS: Sexually dimorphic (fig. 3); dorsal surface fuscous, sometimes with pale or pale reddish pattern; vertex flat, rugose; second antennal segment usually inflated distally (fig. 3); pronotum with strong, erect, pale or black or reclining golden, shiny setae (fig. 4D); pronotum trapezoidal or longer than wide; with distinguishable calli; males macropterous; females brachypterous with apex of hemelytra tapering to point, curving in vertical direction; myrmecomorphic (fig. 3); vesica simple, strongly sclerotized, widest at level of secondary gonopore (fig. 5); secondary gonopore not readily identifiable as closed sclerotized ring, but rather as elongate structure, sometimes with large lobes laterally bearing distinct denticles; dorsal labiate plate of female genitalia with large rings (fig. 11); posterior wall bifurcate sclerotized interramally (fig. 11). Distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF35EB5EF0F03DB1FDA0FC14" authorityName="Knight" authorityYear="1929" box="[404,563,988,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pronotocrepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF0F03DB1FDA0FC14" box="[404,563,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pronotocrepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lateral margin of pronotum and embolium not explanate (fig. 3), second antennal segment just inflated distally (fig. 3), first rostral segment not overlapping proximal margin of gula (fig. 4A). Distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF35EB5EF2DC3A4BFBAFFBA1" authorityName="Uhler, and" authorityYear="1890" box="[952,1084,1062,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Teleorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF2DC3A4BFBAFFBA1" box="[952,1084,1062,1088]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Teleorhinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by vesica (figs. 5, 9), shape of head (figs. 4A, 10A), shape of pronotum (figs. 3, 7), shape of metathoracic pleuron (fig. 10B) and the scent-gland auricle with evaporatory area (figs. 4B, 10B) and by females always brachypterous (fig. 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF35EB5BF1F43AD6FE36FC07" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF35EB5BF1F43AD6FD14FEA6" blockId="11.[96,1201,651,1760]" lastBlockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
REDESCRIPTION:
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF35EB5EF03F3AD6FE0FFB34" box="[347,412,1211,1237]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Male:</emphasis>
|
||
Total length 5.45–8.45, length apex clypeus-cuneus fracture 3.82– 5.96, width across pronotum 1.23–1.76. COLORATION: Head black; labium black with first segment reddish black; pronotum black; mesoscutum and scutellum black or dark brown; clavus brown with pale or red band along claval suture; corium brown with either white or reddish white band parallel to claval suture reaching apex of clavus or with pale band extending around inner apical angle of corium reaching to base of cuneus; cuneus either completely brown or brown with basal half pale; membrane including veins fuscous; antennal segments 1 to 4 reddish brown or brown with second segment sometimes lighter proximally; venter dark brown; pro-, meso- and metapleuron black; coxae completely brown or orange with brown base; trochanter brown or reddish brown; femora orange, sometimes bright reddish orange; tibia yellowish brown, dark brown apically; tarsus brown, sometimes second tarsal segment brighter than first and third. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: General aspect shiny or rather dull; pronotum and scutellum shiny or rugose with sometimes greyish appearance; pronotum either clothed with strong, erect, pale setae or strong, erect black setae, both
|
||
<typeStatus id="FF6CA28CFF35EB5EF2F338CCFC47F95A" box="[919,980,1697,1723]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">types</typeStatus>
|
||
longer than diameter of first antennal segment or with fine golden, shiny reclining setae shorter then diameter of first antennal segment; tibia with black spines; claws straight for most of length, curved apically; large pulvillus connate to ventral surface of claw over its entire length, terminating before curved apical part of claw (fig. 4C); pygophore densely covered by erect setae (fig. 4E). STRUC- TURE: Elongate (fig. 3); head obliquely declining (fig. 4A); labium reaching to meso- or metacoxa; vertex flat and rugose; second antennal segment either slightly or distinctly widened distally; pronotum apically with collarlike, flattened margin. GENITALIA: Phallotheca elongate, curved, pointed apically (fig. 5); vesica simple, strongly sclerotized, apical part beyond secondary gonopore bent, tapering into point (fig. 5); anterior process of leπ paramere either pointed or round apically, sometimes bearing distinct long setae on inner surface (fig. 6); right paramere straight, pointed apically (fig. 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="74A84CA6FF32EB59F1CC3888FB5AF8F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565693" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565693/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[168,255,1765,1786]" targetBox="[171,1222,215,1745]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF32EB59F1CC3888FB5AF8F9" blockId="12.[168,1225,1763,1817]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
FIGURE 3. Habitus view and antennal segments of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF32EB59F3A8388EFCD6F91A" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[716,837,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF32EB59F3A8388EFCD6F91A" box="[716,837,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.; males (leπ) in dorsal view and females (right and below) in dorsal and lateral view; antennal segments of males (leπ) and females (right).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="74A84CA6FF33EB58F3F93AA5FBCDFA91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565695/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[669,754,1224,1245]" targetBox="[96,1201,224,1393]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF33EB58F3F93AA5FBCDFA91" blockId="13.[669,1201,1222,1393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF33EB58F51D3AABFCD2FB1A" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Orec- toderus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF33EB58F3893A8EFCD2FB1A" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1876" box="[749,833,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">obliquus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(male).
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF33EB58F2F33A8EFC3CFB1A" bold="true" box="[919,943,1251,1275]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Head and thorax (lateral view).
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF33EB58F3853B6CFD64FAF8" bold="true" box="[737,759,1281,1305]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area (lateral view).
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF33EB58F2513B73FCDFFAD7" bold="true" box="[821,844,1310,1334]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Pretarsus (frontal view); detail of the tibial comb.
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF33EB58F2373B56FCFFFAB2" bold="true" box="[851,876,1339,1363]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Setae on hemelytra, detail of microstructure.
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF33EB58F2253B34FCC5FA90" bold="true" box="[833,854,1369,1393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Pygophore (dorsal view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF30EB5BF1A43F3CFE36FC07" blockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF1A43F3CFE8AFE8A" box="[192,281,337,363]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Female:</emphasis>
|
||
Myrmecomorphic, brachypterous; total length 4.62–6.18, width across pronotum 0.86–1.06. COLORATION: Head, pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum, and hemelytra brownorange or black; corium sometimes with faintly paler band along claval suture; first tergite sometimes pale distally; second tergite sometimes distinctly white proximally; all other tergites black; first antennal segment yellowish orange; second antennal segment yellowish orange proximally, dark brown distally; third and fourth antennal segments yellowish orange or brown; venter black; pro-, meso- and metapleuron brown-orange; coxae, trochanter, femora, and tibia brown-orange; tarsus brown. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: General aspect either shiny or dull; head and pronotum smooth and very shiny or more rugose; pronotum clothed with strong, erect, pale or black setae or with fine, reclining golden shining setae; abdomen clothed with golden shining pale setae. STRUCTURE: Head oblique (fig. 3); second antennal segment usually inflated distally (fig. 3); pronotum with distinctly inflated calli; proximal pronotal edge concave medially; brachypterous, hemelytra pointed, strongly upturned reaching to first abdominal segment (fig. 3); second and third abdominal segments strongly petiolate constricted; connexiva upturned. GENITALIA: Dorsal labiate plate sclerotized laterally (fig. 11); sclerotized rings of dorsal labiate plate large, usually rounded basally and pointed apically; common oviduct sometimes with sclerotized spots laterally; posterior wall with bifurcate interramal sclerites (fig. 11).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF30EB5BF1A43D9CFF7BFB9D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF30EB5BF1A43D9CFF7BFB9D" blockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
HOSTS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF0783D9FFE0DFBED" box="[284,414,1010,1036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF0CD3D9CFDC6FBEA" baseAuthorityName="Konstantinov" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[425,597,1009,1035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF3F03D9FFC97FBED" baseAuthorityName="Konstantinov" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[660,772,1010,1036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF2EE3D9CFB84FBEA" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[906,1047,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF2EE3D9CFB84FBEA" box="[906,1047,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are usually associated with grasses or herbaceous plants. Further, a typical feature for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF2BF3A7AFBFAFBD0" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[987,1129,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF2BF3A7AFBFAFBD0" box="[987,1129,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is their occurrence on the ground in association with ants (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF24A3A51FC59FBB7" author="Knight, H. H." box="[814,970,1084,1110]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 234" refId="ref49497" refString="Knight, H. H. 1941. The plant bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois. Bulletin of the Illinois Natural History Survey 22: 1 - 234." type="journal article" year="1941">Knight, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF2B23A50FF4FFB9D" author="McIver, J. D. & G. M. Stonedahl" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="278 - 289" refId="ref49814" refString="McIver, J. D., and G. M. Stonedahl. 1987 b. Biology of the myrmecomorphic plant bug Orectoderus obliquus Uhler (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 95: 278 - 289." type="journal article" year="1987">McIver and Stonedahl, 1987b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF30EB5BF1A43AEAFD16FB40" box="[192,645,1159,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF30EB5BF1A43AEAFD16FB40" blockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" box="[192,645,1159,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58C05CBEFF30EB5BF01E3AEAFD8BFB40" box="[378,536,1159,1185]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58C05CBEFF30EB5BF3403AEAFD12FB40" box="[548,641,1159,1185]" name="Canada" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68CD4FA5FF30EB5BF1A43AC1FD68F930" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF30EB5BF1A43AC1FBA4FA47" blockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
DISCUSSION:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF0393AC1FE66FB26" author="Uhler, P. R." box="[349,501,1196,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="269 - 361" refId="ref50592" refString="Uhler, P. R. 1876. List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden exploration of 1872. Bulletin United States geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 1: 269 - 361, pls. 19 - 21." type="journal article" year="1876">Uhler (1876)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF3B13AC1FCF3FB27" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[725,864,1196,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF3B13AC1FCF3FB27" box="[725,864,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to accommodate the single species,
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF1AC3ABFFEC2FB0A" box="[200,337,1233,1260]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF1AC3ABFFEDFFB0A" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1876" box="[200,332,1233,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">O. obliquus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
He mentioned that both sexes have fully developed hemelytra and hind wings, however my study shows that females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF3153A9AFD6FFAF0" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[625,764,1271,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF3153A9AFD6FFAF0" box="[625,764,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are always brachypterous. The taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF1CB3B71FEA9FAD7" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[175,314,1308,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF1CB3B71FEA9FAD7" box="[175,314,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been mainly based on coloration; only
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF25D3B71FC49FAD7" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[825,986,1308,1334]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 408" refId="ref49047" refString="Kelton, L. A. 1980. The plant bugs of the Prairie Provinces of Canada: Heteroptera: Miridae. Part 8. In The insects and arachnids of Canada. Agriculture Canada Research Branch Publication 1703: 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1980">Kelton (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included the vestiture of the hemelytra in his key to species. Genitalic investigations were conducted on only one species prior to the present study,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF3453B0AFCC4FA60" authority="(Kelton, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Kelton" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[545,855,1382,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF3453B0AFD37FA60" box="[545,676,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">O. obliquus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF3D03B0AFCDCFA60" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[692,847,1382,1409]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref49018" refString="Kelton, L. A. 1959. Male genitalia as taxonomic characters in the Miridae (Hemiptera). Candian Entomologist Supplement 11: 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1959">Kelton, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Genitalic characters for all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF5C43B0AFF75FA47" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF5C43B0AFF75FA47" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, males as well as females, are discussed herein for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF30EB5BF1A43BDCFE88F967" blockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The features of greatest utility for species discrimination within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF28A3BDCFBECFA2A" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[1006,1151,1457,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF28A3BDCFBECFA2A" box="[1006,1151,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the vesica, sclerotized rings, posterior wall, and pronotal vestiture; all exceed the hemelytral vestiture as the most reliable characters. There are three
|
||
<typeStatus id="FF6CA28CFF30EB5BF3973B90FCA3F9F6" box="[755,816,1533,1559]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of pronotal setae: strong, erect setae that are either pale or black and fine, reclining golden, shiny setae. The characteristics of the pronotal calli, sometimes used for species recognition (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF243382AFC54F980" author="Knight, H. H." box="[807,967,1607,1633]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="302 - 307" refId="ref49430" refString="Knight, H. H. 1927. New species of mimetic Miridae from North America (Hemiptera). Entomological News 38: 302 - 307." type="journal article" year="1927">Knight, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF2B7382AFBFCF980" author="Kelton, L. A." box="[979,1135,1607,1633]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 408" refId="ref49047" refString="Kelton, L. A. 1980. The plant bugs of the Prairie Provinces of Canada: Heteroptera: Miridae. Part 8. In The insects and arachnids of Canada. Agriculture Canada Research Branch Publication 1703: 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1980">Kelton, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), seem to be variable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="20681C2EFF30EB5BF1A438FCFD68F930" blockId="14.[144,1248,225,1746]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Knowledge of the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF34838FCFD29F94A" authorityName="Uhler. The" authorityYear="1876" box="[556,698,1681,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF34838FCFD29F94A" box="[556,698,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Orectoderus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is limited to a detailed study of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D767ADFF30EB5BF53338FFFE6BF933" authority="(McIver and Stonedahl 1987 b)" baseAuthorityName="McIver and Stonedahl" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orectoderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12A3C03CFF30EB5BF53338FFFB73F94A" box="[1111,1248,1681,1708]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">O. obliquus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444661DFFF30EB5BF1FC38DAFE63F933" author="McIver, J. D. & G. M. Stonedahl" box="[152,496,1719,1746]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="278 - 289" refId="ref49814" refString="McIver, J. D., and G. M. Stonedahl. 1987 b. Biology of the myrmecomorphic plant bug Orectoderus obliquus Uhler (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 95: 278 - 289." type="journal article" year="1987">McIver and Stonedahl 1987b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E213D2CCFF30EB5BF3FF38DAFD64F930" box="[667,759,1719,1745]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |