399 lines
48 KiB
XML
399 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bdbd00b-4927-4adb-9609-0cc35e1a7920" ID-PMC="PMC9005471" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1090-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" ID-PubMed="35586844" ID-ZooBank="3B13C71EE11B49D2891C050DBD514872" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1090-161" checkinTime="1648647504971" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nethupul, Hasitha, Stoehr, Sabine & Zhang, Haibin" docDate="2022" docId="6AA0A5B65BD553F3BA59D1CDDFD2CFBA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1090: 161-216" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1090" docPubDate="2022-03-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292" docTitle="Asteroschema salix Lyman 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" masterDocTitle="Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1668151560559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Nethupul, Hasitha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-2719</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 57200 Sanya, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Stoehr, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-7239</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Swedish Museum of Natural History, Dept of Zoology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Haibin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-9851</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 57200 Sanya, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">hzhang@idsse.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-03-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1090</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>161</mods:start>
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<mods:end>216</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1090-161</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3B13C71EE11B49D2891C050DBD514872</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194310894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6AA0A5B65BD553F3BA59D1CDDFD2CFBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6AA0A5B65BD553F3BA59D1CDDFD2CFBA" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName LSID="6AA0A5B6-5BD5-53F3-BA59-D1CDDFD2CFBA" authority="Lyman, 1879" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema salix" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="salix">Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 14</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 15</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema salix" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="salix">Asteroschema salix</taxonomicName>
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Lyman, 1879: 66-67, fig. 17, figs 466-469; 1882: 277, fig. 22, figs 13-15;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" author="Baker, AN" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="11 - 83" refId="B2" refString="Baker, AN, 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" title="Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" volume="7" year="1980">Baker 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 22;
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<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, DG" journalOrPublisher="NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B51" refString="McKnight, DG, 2000. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida). NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington 115: 1 - 79" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida)." volume="115" year="2000">McKnight 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 21-22, fig. 6;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17159/2305-7963/2015/v11n1a3" author="Olbers, JM" journalOrPublisher="African Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="83 - 116" refId="B65" refString="Olbers, JM, Samyn, Y, Griffiths, CL, 2015. New or notable records of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from South Africa. African Natural History 11: 83 - 116, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/2305-7963/2015/v11n1a3" title="New or notable records of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.17159/2305-7963/2015/v11n1a3" volume="11" year="2015">Olbers et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: 85, fig. 1A, B; 2019: 51-52, fig. 24-25.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="China" location="China" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; South
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="OK044301, OL712214" collectingDate="2020-09-19" country="China" elevation="1775" latitude="15.610666" location="Sea" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.12883" municipality="Zhongsha Islands" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6AA0A5B65BD553F3BA59D1CDDFD2CFBA:7A67BA2A185EABD4E3E1CB808D5AFA9E" country="China" latitude="15.610666" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.12883" municipality="Zhongsha Islands" name="Sea">Sea</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Zhongsha Islands</collectingMunicipality>
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, seamount;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="36.64" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="15.610666">15°36.64'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="7.73" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="116.12883">116°7.73'E</geoCoordinate>
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; depth
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" unit="m" value="1775.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" unit="m" value="1775.0">1775 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2020-09-19">19 Sep. 2020</collectingDate>
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; Collecting event: stn. SC010;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Shenhaiyongshi’">'Shenhaiyongshi'</normalizedToken>
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msv leg; preserved in 95% ethanol; GenBank:
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<accessionNumber isEnumeration="true">OK044301, OL712214</accessionNumber>
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; IDSSE-EEB-SW0082
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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Disc diameter 10 mm, length of arms 145 mm (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Disc</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Disc flat, strongly raised above arms (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14A, B</figureCitation>
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). Disc covered by thin skin with fine, small, rounded granular ossicles, dense in center (seven or eight grains in 1 mm), but separated at distal edge (six or seven grains in 1 mm) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14C, D</figureCitation>
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). Radial shields long, narrow, widely separated distally, convergent proximally, meeting in disc center (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14C</figureCitation>
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). Genital slits narrow, and vertical on ventral interradii (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
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). Jaws elongated, covered with granular ossicles but near apex fewer granular ossicles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
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). Flattened, spearhead-shaped teeth and granular ossicles that resemble lateral oral papillae at apex of jaw (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
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). Ventral disc covered with granular ossicles similar to dorsal disc (six or seven grains in 1 mm), slightly separated (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
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). Adoral shields large, connected to first ventral arm segment, concealed by thin skin with granular ossicles, but plate outline visible (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
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). Oral shields not discernible and adoral shield spine covered with ossicles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 14.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema salix" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="salix">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema salix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW0082)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal disc
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
skin on the arm
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
|
||
ventral disc
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal arm (proximal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
|
||
lateral arm (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
|
||
ventral arm (proximal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I</emphasis>
|
||
ventral arm (distal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J</emphasis>
|
||
outer arm spine (proximal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">K</emphasis>
|
||
arm spines (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">L</emphasis>
|
||
arm spines (distal). Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">as</emphasis>
|
||
adoral shield,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">ass</emphasis>
|
||
adoral shield spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">ars</emphasis>
|
||
arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">go</emphasis>
|
||
granular ossicle,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">gs</emphasis>
|
||
genital slit,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">iars</emphasis>
|
||
inner arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">j</emphasis>
|
||
jaw,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">oars</emphasis>
|
||
outer arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">ots</emphasis>
|
||
oral tentacle scale,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">rs</emphasis>
|
||
radial shield,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">t</emphasis>
|
||
teeth,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">tp</emphasis>
|
||
tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C, E-H</emphasis>
|
||
); 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J, K</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D, I, L</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Arms</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Arms sub-cylindrical, not swollen, narrower and more cylindrical in distal half of arm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal and lateral arm base covered with granular ossicles similar to disc (six or seven grains in 1 mm), on middle segments granular coverage similar to arm base (six or seven grains in 1 mm), and distally decreasing in size and widely separated (grains six or eight in 1 mm) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). On lateral arm plate, granular ossicles continue toward base of arm spine (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14G, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral surface of arm base covered with granular ossicles similar to ventral disc but less dense (six or seven grains in 1 mm), widely separated and decreasing in size to naked at middle to distal end of arm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). First tentacle pore without arm spine (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14E</figureCitation>
|
||
). First arm spine appears at second arm segment, second arm spine at fifteenth or nineteenth segment. Inner arm spine cylindrical, one arm segment in length, flattened, with blunt, thorny tip, slightly club-shaped (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outer arm spine half as long as inner, with thorny tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both arm spines equal in length at distal end of arm, and turning into compound hook with 3-5 secondary teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Color</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In ethanol, pink but when dried, dull brown to whitish (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E ventral disc F dorsal arm (proximal) G lateral arm (middle) H ventral arm (proximal) I ventral arm (distal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ots oral tentacle scale, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, E-H); 500 µm (J, K); 200 µm (D, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665890" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="ossicle morphology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Ossicle morphology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Lateral arm plate with two arm spine articular structures, with two large muscle and nerve openings (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inner arm spine at proximal and middle half of arm cylindrical, with thorny tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outer arm spine cylindrical with pointed tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distally arm spine turns into compound hook with secondary teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arm and disc concealed by wider polygonal to rounded granular ossicles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vertebrae with streptospondylous articulation, dorsally a median longitudinal furrow, ventrally with deep median longitudinal groove with lateral ambulacral canals, no oral bridge, podial basins relatively small (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Asteroschema salix Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0082) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (B, F-J); 300 µm (A, C, E); 100 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15F-J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665891" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema salix" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="salix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW0082)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral arm plate
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||
outer arm spine (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
inner arm spine (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
arm spine (distal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
|
||
skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F-J</emphasis>
|
||
vertebrae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
|
||
proximal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
|
||
distal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">d</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">dist</emphasis>
|
||
distal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">lac</emphasis>
|
||
lateral ambulacral canals,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">mo</emphasis>
|
||
muscle opening,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">no</emphasis>
|
||
nerve opening,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">pb</emphasis>
|
||
podial basin,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">prox</emphasis>
|
||
proximal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">st</emphasis>
|
||
secondary teeth,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">v</emphasis>
|
||
ventral. Scale bars: 800
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B, F-J</emphasis>
|
||
); 300
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, C, E</emphasis>
|
||
); 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">341-1800 m depth. New Zealand, Tasman Sea, Kermadec Islands, Bay of Plenty, Solomon Island, Coral Sea, Timor Sea, South Africa (off Glenmore), the South China Sea.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema salix" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="salix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lyman, T" journalOrPublisher="" Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31068674page/27/mode/1up" refId="B42" refString="Lyman, T, 1879. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31068674page/27/mode/1up" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31068674page/27/mode/1up" year="1879">Lyman (1879)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, then redescribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lyman, T" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. Scientific Reports. Results voy. H. M. S. " Challenger "" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" refId="B43" refString="Lyman, T, 1882. Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. Scientific Reports. Results voy. H.M.S. "Challenger"" title="Ophiuroidea." year="1882">Lyman (1882)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" author="Baker, AN" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="11 - 83" refId="B2" refString="Baker, AN, 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" title="Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" volume="7" year="1980">Baker (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, DG" journalOrPublisher="NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B51" refString="McKnight, DG, 2000. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida). NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington 115: 1 - 79" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida)." volume="115" year="2000">McKnight (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17159/2305-7963/2015/v11n1a3" author="Olbers, JM" journalOrPublisher="African Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="83 - 116" refId="B65" refString="Olbers, JM, Samyn, Y, Griffiths, CL, 2015. New or notable records of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from South Africa. African Natural History 11: 83 - 116, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/2305-7963/2015/v11n1a3" title="New or notable records of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.17159/2305-7963/2015/v11n1a3" volume="11" year="2015">Olbers et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. These redescriptions are useful to understand individual morphological character variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. salix" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="salix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens from our collection concur with previous redescriptions, but we noticed some variation such as: slightly separated granular ossicles on the disc, fewer granular ossicles on the ventral arm surface, and slightly longer arms. However, most of these morphological variations vary within individual specimens according to previous descriptions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" author="Baker, AN" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="11 - 83" refId="B2" refString="Baker, AN, 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" title="Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" volume="7" year="1980">Baker 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, DG" journalOrPublisher="NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B51" refString="McKnight, DG, 2000. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida). NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington 115: 1 - 79" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida)." volume="115" year="2000">McKnight 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema salix" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="salix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubiferum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. rubrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="rubrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. rubrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. laeve" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="laeve">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. laeve</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. inoratum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="inoratum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. inoratum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arenosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="arenosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. arenosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. glaucum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="glaucum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. glaucum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the characters of granulations and ossicle shape on the disc and arm, radial shield, and inner arm spine can be used to delimit
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. salix" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="salix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from these species (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Tabular key to the species of Asteroschema and Ophiocreas. Abbreviations: ASS arm segment, ARS arm spine, GO granular ossicles, RS radial shield, CO conical ossicles, PO plate-like ossicles, TP terminal projection, GS genital slits." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FB8AE5BBB9BA374FFA6C03C1361A84BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" tableUuid="FB8AE5BBB9BA374FFA6C03C1361A84BF">2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Previously,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. salix" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="salix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been recorded from the South Pacific Ocean, and South African waters at a wide distribution range. This is the first record from the South China Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |