627 lines
78 KiB
XML
627 lines
78 KiB
XML
<document id="D48FCA7A06454622DB4192B4EFBBE0AB" ID-CLB-Dataset="45311" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.212755" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ccc4834-0bf9-4e6c-bfc4-463228588c32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="212755" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460447630372" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wongthamwanich, Nattarin, Panha, Somsak, Sierwald, Petra, Wesener, Thomas & Thirakhupt, Kumthorn" docDate="2012" docId="320D87D0FFA7FA79D8CAF9028346FECD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03220p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3220" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sphaerobelum truncatum Wongthamwanich, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="CE34FFA8FFA2FA74D85DFFD08760FFDA" masterDocTitle="A new species of the giant pill-millipede genus Sphaerobelum Verhoeff, 1924 from northern Thailand, with an extensive description and molecular characters (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Zephroniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698333811518" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="397C656602A8FD3860ACA35157BD0A92" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="60440603B1C016E407C133D00248841F">
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<mods:title id="2D574C0CA8E61182DCF95980C981508F">A new species of the giant pill-millipede genus Sphaerobelum Verhoeff, 1924 from northern Thailand, with an extensive description and molecular characters (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Zephroniidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CD56E34F06BAEC2A5D5EA9630AAB0B1D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3108DA30CA8DF87CB2527D512EBD32CC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A2C2A9D3F1E537411337F92F8550670F">Wongthamwanich, Nattarin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="01C3FD6FA890C32D898DDC4F81CB56B4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="031A252CF1C53AC80DD13D9D192066AF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="03C4F47CB0F2743A22832C4795CCA77A">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6F1AADFFCBE973D94B64A7C293456B71" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="59EE85E19501F523754EDB4A26EE8ABC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4720E62EBF8BD7997F3990E9BBF41D38">Sierwald, Petra</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8CDF7FD2805EB2304336EC8A8E9FBC36" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="55A1274FB208154DB4CF156966049FE4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="987757F4C37179CF6B49C0C83BE31A1A">Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="06F48C7B5DADB9E7C7D1C828CE002748" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="279DC21EADF9B84BED944C366C670220">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0620238E010B4FB667AD3E152BD3D9A0">Thirakhupt, Kumthorn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="24055641AADA36AEEAE5C178102DED39">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="34F033BB79811424B0458197095A0065">
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<mods:date id="92F3A2598EC45EFD5EC4D128B65776C9">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F90C6B3871CB2B83D64751E249A3A1D5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="237634AE2DDAB9C3DC7168FA448EF182">3220</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E00D8F9EFAF10FCC554B47FEB1D30C8F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BA081EF3CC4E57F59923548E3F387705" type="CLB-Dataset">45311</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5F73E15007F23200E08ADC94F12A4093" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.212755</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="617EE9D94D58D2912562D8305122B525" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="755CCE6C7B512CC914ECC5265F75ABCC" type="Zenodo-Dep">212755</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="320D87D0FFA7FA79D8CAF9028346FECD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6173652" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509848" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6173652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:320D87D0FFA7FA79D8CAF9028346FECD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/320D87D0FFA7FA79D8CAF9028346FECD" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="F2BE654DFFA7FA71D8CAF902866CF8D7" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA7FA71D8CAF9028469F936" blockId="5.[151,777,1746,1805]" box="[151,777,1746,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="E15381AAFFA7FA71D8CAF9028469F936" bold="true" box="[151,777,1746,1772]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71D8CAF9028469F936" bold="true" box="[151,777,1746,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA7FA71D8CAF90285DAF936" authority="Wongthamwanich" authorityName="Wongthamwanich" box="[151,698,1746,1772]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71D8CAF90286ADF936" bold="true" box="[151,461,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
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Wongthamwanich
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFA7FA71DA9AF9028469F936" box="[711,777,1746,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA7FA71D8CAF925866CF8D7" blockId="5.[151,777,1746,1805]" box="[151,268,1781,1805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA7FA71D8CAF9258782F8D7" box="[151,226,1781,1805]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
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–11
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F2BE654DFFA7FA71D8CAF8ED8504F83F" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA7FA71D8CAF8ED8504F83F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1853,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71D8CAF8ED86E5F88C" bold="true" box="[151,389,1853,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="651F8864FFA7FA71D9CDF8ED8698F88F" box="[400,504,1853,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male,
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<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71DA10F8ED8468F88C" bold="true" box="[589,776,1853,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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||
<collectionCode id="DCB5AE03FFA7FA71DA10F8ED85C2F88C" box="[589,674,1853,1878]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Chulalongkorn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">CUMZ</collectionCode>
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2010.11
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</emphasis>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="C2B37656FFA7FA71DB46F8ED84E1F88F" box="[795,897,1853,1877]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, Nan Province, Song Khwae District, Na Rai Luang Sub-district, Pang Hi Village; secondary forest; Latitude: 19.3962, Longitude: 100.6951; coll. N. Wongthamwanich; hand collecting;
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<date id="CE1A1006FFA7FA71D98FF85585E8F847" box="[466,648,1925,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" value="2010-08-22">22 August 2010</date>
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.
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<typeStatus id="651F8864FFA7FA71DACCF8568463F844" box="[657,771,1926,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<specimenCount id="ACA2FD4FFFA7FA71DB51F8558405F847" box="[780,869,1925,1949]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71DB32F8558330F844" bold="true" box="[879,1104,1925,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCB5AE03FFA7FA71DB32F85584A4F844" box="[879,964,1925,1950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Chulalongkorn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">CUMZ</collectionCode>
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||
2010.12–15
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||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="ACA2FD4FFFA7FA71DC03F85583ACF847" box="[1118,1228,1925,1949]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71DC8AF85587D3F818" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<collectionCode id="DCB5AE03FFA7FA71DC8AF855824DF844" box="[1239,1325,1925,1950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Chulalongkorn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">CUMZ</collectionCode>
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||
2010.16– 19
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||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="ACA2FD4FFFA7FA71D89CF8798670F81B" box="[193,272,1961,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71D941F8798533F818" bold="true" box="[284,595,1961,1986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">FMNH-INS 0 0 0 0 0 72 674,</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCount id="ACA2FD4FFFA7FA71DA07F87985DEF81B" box="[602,702,1961,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71DA97F879849AF818" bold="true" box="[714,1018,1961,1986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">FMNH-INS 0 0 0 0 0 72 673</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="ACA2FD4FFFA7FA71DC55F8798337F81B" box="[1032,1111,1961,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71DC3EF87A8245F818" bold="true" box="[1123,1317,1961,1986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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||
<collectionCode id="DCB5AE03FFA7FA71DC3EF87A83D7F818" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[1123,1207,1962,1986]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">ZFMK</collectionCode>
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Myr 0 0 1
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</emphasis>
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||
,
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<specimenCount id="ACA2FD4FFFA7FA71DD6EF87982F5F81B" box="[1331,1429,1961,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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||
,
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<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA7FA71D8CAF81D8638F83C" bold="true" box="[151,344,1997,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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||
<collectionCode id="DCB5AE03FFA7FA71D8CAF81D878BF83F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[151,235,1997,2021]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">ZFMK</collectionCode>
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Myr 0 0 2
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||
</emphasis>
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||
, same data as
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<typeStatus id="651F8864FFA7FA71D9A7F81D8500F83F" box="[506,608,1997,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFA4FA72D8CAFD338253FD23" box="[151,1331,739,762]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212759/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[167,1428,179,702]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D8CAFD338253FD23" blockId="6.[151,1331,739,762]" box="[151,1331,739,762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D8CAFD338673FD23" bold="true" box="[151,275,739,762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
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Measurements of a volvated giant pill-millipede. Abbreviations: TS = thoracic shield; AS = anal shield.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="F2BE654DFFA4FA72D89AFCF1837AFC87" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D89AFCF1837AFC87" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D89AFCF1862EFCE3" bold="true" box="[199,334,801,825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is a Latin adjective, meaning terminating abruptly, and refers to the truncated state of the lateral end of the third podomere on the anterior telopods (Fig. 11C).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F2BE654DFFA4FA72D89AFCB882E7FB36" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D89AFCB8833FFB1D" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D89AFCB88621FC5B" bold="true" box="[199,321,872,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA4FA72D915FCB98502FC5B" box="[328,610,873,897]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
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||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D915FCB98502FC5B" box="[328,610,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
differs from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA4FA72DB04FCB9849AFC5B" box="[857,1018,873,897]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72DB04FCB9849AFC5B" box="[857,1018,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Sphaerobelum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
species in the unique combination of the following characters of the anterior telopods (Figs. 11A–C): four podomeres above syncoxite, second podomere posteriorly with a process (Figs. 11B, C) and one spine on the anterior side of the inner margin (Fig. 11C), third and fourth podomeres located posteriorly juxtaposed to process of second podomere, third podomere distally truncate, fourth podomere with three sclerotized spines all located on small thin separated sclerotized plates: one spine at apex, the other two on posterior side (Figs. 11B, C). Anterior telopods without sclerotized teeth.
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<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA4FA72DC81FBF0820CFBE2" box="[1244,1388,1056,1080]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72DC81FBF0820CFBE2" box="[1244,1388,1056,1080]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">S. truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the closely related species
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<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA4FA72DA73FB95843EFB86" authority="Attems, 1953" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1953" box="[558,862,1092,1116]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="separatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72DA73FB9585A1FB86" box="[558,705,1093,1116]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">S. separatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE354B37FFA4FA72DA9AFB94843EFB86" author="Attems" box="[711,862,1092,1116]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" refString="Attems, C. (1953) Myriopoden von Indochina, Expedition von Dr. C. Dawydoff (1938 - 1939). Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, N. S., serie A, 5 (3), 133 - 230." type="journal article" year="1953">
|
||
Attems,
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DB7BFB94843EFB86" box="[806,862,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96062" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="in" value="1953.0">1953</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the presence of a well-rounded fourth podomere on the posterior telopod (Figs. 11D, E), while the tip of the posterior telopod in the latter species is prolonged into a thin process and curved towards the process of the second podomere.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA4FA72DBF3FB5D835EFB7E" box="[942,1086,1165,1188]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72DBF3FB5D835EFB7E" box="[942,1086,1165,1188]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">S. truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only giant pill-millipede species known to have a regularly ‘square-wavy’ margin on the endotergum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72DBA4FB7F835CFB1D" box="[1017,1084,1199,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1273,1296]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, endotergum, SEM, A: overview; B: posterior margin. Abbreviations: PM = posterior margin; oz = outer zone; ms = marginal setae; mr = marginal ridge; ci = cuticular impressions; im = intersegmental membrane." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212764/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D89AFB0382E7FB36" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" box="[199,1415,1235,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D89AFB038613FB36" bold="true" box="[199,371,1235,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">COI Sequence</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="651F8864FFA4FA72D9DCFB048686FB36" box="[385,486,1236,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D9ACFB038440FB36" bold="true" box="[497,800,1235,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">FMNH-INS 0 0 0 0 0 72 674</emphasis>
|
||
): Accession #
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A5F7AB25FFA4FA72DB9AFB04835DFB36" box="[967,1085,1236,1260]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN885184" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">JN885184</accessionNumber>
|
||
. See supplementary material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2BE654DFFA4FA7FD894FB2784A8FF0E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894FB278403FA1E" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894FB27863AFACA" bold="true" box="[201,346,1271,1296]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D93EFB298565FACA" box="[355,517,1273,1296]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
: Males: length 18.6–24.0 mm, width at the seventh tergite
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DCF5FB27822FFACA" box="[1192,1359,1271,1296]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" metricValueMax="1.26" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="11.399999999999999" valueMax="12.6" valueMin="10.2">10.2–12.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width of thoracic shield
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72D93FFACC8699FAEE" box="[354,505,1308,1332]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.105" metricValueMax="1.22" metricValueMin="0.99" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="11.05" valueMax="12.2" valueMin="9.9">9.9–12.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, height of thoracic shield
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DB40FACC84C8FAEE" box="[797,936,1308,1332]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="5.7">5.7–6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Sizes of volvated male (for epimorphic stadia,
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D897FA908679FA82" box="[202,281,1344,1368]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,739,762]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,179,702]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,171,718]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Measurements of a volvated giant pill-millipede. Abbreviations: TS = thoracic shield; AS = anal shield." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212759/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B): length (tergite 5–tergite 11 or 12)
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DAA9FA9084FDFA82" box="[756,925,1344,1368]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.39" metricValueMin="1.21" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="13.9" valueMin="12.1">12.1–13.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width (tergite 7)
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DC33FA908275FA82" box="[1134,1301,1344,1368]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" metricValueMax="1.26" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="11.399999999999999" valueMax="12.6" valueMin="10.2">10.2–12.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and height (thoracic shield–tergite 8)
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72D998FAB4850DFAA6" box="[453,621,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1649999999999998" metricValueMax="1.26" metricValueMin="1.0699999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="11.649999999999999" valueMax="12.6" valueMin="10.7">10.7–12.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Females: length
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DB6AFAB48480FAA6" box="[823,992,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5799999999999996" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.12" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="25.799999999999997" valueMax="30.4" valueMin="21.2">21.2–30.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width at the seventh tergite
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DD70FAB487A6FA7A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" metricValueMax="1.52" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="13.35" valueMax="15.2" valueMin="11.5">11.5–15.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width of thoracic shield 11.0–
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DA43FA5885E3FA7A" box="[542,643,1416,1440]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, height of thoracic shield
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DBFFFA58834BFA7A" box="[930,1067,1416,1440]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="7.15" valueMax="8.1" valueMin="6.2">6.2–8.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Sizes of volvated female: length 13.0–
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72D88BFA7C865CFA1E" box="[214,316,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="17.6">17.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72D9D3FA7C8552FA1E" box="[398,562,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" metricValueMax="1.52" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="13.35" valueMax="15.2" valueMin="11.5">11.5–15.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and height
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72DAE7FA7C843FFA1E" box="[698,863,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.345" metricValueMax="1.54" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="13.45" valueMax="15.4" valueMin="11.5">11.5–15.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894FA0083B2FA32" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" box="[201,1234,1488,1512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894FA008642FA32" box="[201,290,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Habitus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D96DFA008614FA32" box="[304,372,1488,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C): Overall shape elliptical, tapering slightly from sixth tergite towards head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894FA2486E7F9EA" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894FA248624F9D6" box="[201,324,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D908FA2486C3F9D6" box="[341,419,1524,1548]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C): head dark brown, collum, thoracic shield, tergite, and anal shield black. Antennae and legs light yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894F9EC8483F91A" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894F9EC8666F98E" box="[201,262,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: trapezoid, anterior part of the head with many long setae, posterior part densely dimpled; anterior margin of labrum with a single tooth. Eye field round, width approximately one mm, consisting of more than 60 densely-packed ocelli. No sclerotized crest/ridge between antenna socket and eye field. Tömösváry organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72DD61F954821DF946" box="[1340,1405,1668,1692]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D) between eye field and antenna socket, next to, but separated from eye field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894F91C846FF8F6" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894F91C8653F93E" box="[201,307,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D91EF91C86F1F93E" box="[323,401,1740,1764]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,753,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,753,1916]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: right antenna, lateral view; B: sensory cones on distal antennomere; C: basal antennomere, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212761/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C): with six visible antennomeres; basal antennomere with a few thinly scattered sclerotized nodules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D960F92086E1F8D2" box="[317,385,1776,1800]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,753,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,753,1916]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: right antenna, lateral view; B: sensory cones on distal antennomere; C: basal antennomere, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212761/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C); distal antennomere enlarged, round and club-shaped, with 81–84 sensory cones in males,
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA4FA72D8CAF8C4879AF8F6" box="[151,250,1812,1836]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.906" metricValueMax="10.668" metricValueMin="9.144" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="in" value="39.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="36.0">36–42 in</quantity>
|
||
females. Antennomere lengths: 6>1>2=3>4=5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894F8E887B8F842" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894F8E8865FF88A" box="[201,319,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Mandibles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D913F8E886FBF88A" box="[334,411,1848,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1243,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A-B: left mandible; C: gnathochilarium ventral side; D: right palpus with sensory cone; E: distal sensory cones on right pulpus, F: sensory cones on right pulpus. Abbreviations: mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamella; iT = inner tooth; eT = external tooth; P = palpus; cP = central pads; LL = lingual lamella; Me = mentum; St = stripes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212762/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B): with a single external tooth, a three-lobed internal tooth, six rows of pectinate lamellae, number of teeth on pectinate lamellae declining from apical to proximal lamella, molar plate with one visible ridge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA4FA72D894F8748203F83A" blockId="6.[151,1437,801,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA4FA72D894F87486EAF866" box="[201,394,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Gnathochilarium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D9C4F87486BDF866" box="[409,477,1956,1980]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1243,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A-B: left mandible; C: gnathochilarium ventral side; D: right palpus with sensory cone; E: distal sensory cones on right pulpus, F: sensory cones on right pulpus. Abbreviations: mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamella; iT = inner tooth; eT = external tooth; P = palpus; cP = central pads; LL = lingual lamella; Me = mentum; St = stripes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212762/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C): with numerous long setae on the lingual lamella. Inner palpi with numerous elongate and sharp sensory cones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72D9B6F8188558F83A" box="[491,568,1992,2016]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1243,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A-B: left mandible; C: gnathochilarium ventral side; D: right palpus with sensory cone; E: distal sensory cones on right pulpus, F: sensory cones on right pulpus. Abbreviations: mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamella; iT = inner tooth; eT = external tooth; P = palpus; cP = central pads; LL = lingual lamella; Me = mentum; St = stripes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212762/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D, E), reduced lateral palpi with a field of 6 sensory cones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA4FA72DC89F8188241F83A" box="[1236,1313,1992,2016]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1243,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A-B: left mandible; C: gnathochilarium ventral side; D: right palpus with sensory cone; E: distal sensory cones on right pulpus, F: sensory cones on right pulpus. Abbreviations: mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamella; iT = inner tooth; eT = external tooth; P = palpus; cP = central pads; LL = lingual lamella; Me = mentum; St = stripes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212762/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D, F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFA5FA73D8CAF9B68240F92D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" targetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA5FA73D8CAF9B68240F92D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1638,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D8CAF9B6866EF9A6" bold="true" box="[151,270,1638,1661]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA5FA73D941F9B6857DF9A6" box="[284,541,1638,1660]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D941F9B6857DF9A6" box="[284,541,1638,1660]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DA79F9B78406F9A1" bold="true" box="[548,870,1638,1661]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFA5FA73DA79F9B78500F9A6" box="[548,608,1639,1660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, Digital photographs, A
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: paratype in habitat;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DC19F9B78335F9A6" bold="true" box="[1092,1109,1639,1660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
|
||
: paratype, living specimen volvated;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D887F954878CF941" bold="true" box="[218,236,1668,1691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
|
||
: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DBF1F95584DEF940" bold="true" box="[940,958,1669,1690]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
|
||
: eye field and Tömösváry organ;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DD4FF9558243F940" bold="true" box="[1298,1315,1669,1690]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">E</emphasis>
|
||
: distal right antennomere;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D97AF9748656F963" bold="true" box="[295,310,1700,1721]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">F</emphasis>
|
||
: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DB7EF9738457F960" bold="true" box="[803,823,1699,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
|
||
: paratype, vulva of female;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DC0EF9748307F963" bold="true" box="[1107,1127,1700,1721]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">H</emphasis>
|
||
: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DA57F9138546F902" bold="true" box="[522,550,1731,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Lc</emphasis>
|
||
= locking carina;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DABDF9128464F903" bold="true" box="[736,772,1730,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">TO</emphasis>
|
||
= Tömösváry organ;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DBBCF9128360F903" bold="true" box="[993,1024,1730,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Cx</emphasis>
|
||
= coxa;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DC07F9128319F903" bold="true" box="[1114,1145,1730,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">ST</emphasis>
|
||
= stigmatic plate;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DD6AF912822BF903" bold="true" box="[1335,1355,1730,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">O</emphasis>
|
||
= operculum;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D8B9F9328664F92D" bold="true" box="[228,260,1762,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">EP</emphasis>
|
||
= external plate of vulva;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DA52F9328548F92D" bold="true" box="[527,552,1762,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">IP</emphasis>
|
||
= mesal plate of vulva.
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73DB41F9318429F922" bold="true" box="[796,841,1761,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA5FA73D894F8F48635F885" blockId="7.[151,1436,1827,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D894F8F4867BF8E6" box="[201,283,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Collum</emphasis>
|
||
: anterior and posterior margin with a few setae, center part sparsely setae, densely covered by dimplelike impressions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA5FA73D894F8BC856AF872" blockId="7.[151,1436,1827,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D894F8BC8619F85E" box="[201,377,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Thoracic shield</emphasis>
|
||
: ridge on lateral lobe absent, accompanied by a few long setae; center part of anterior margin covered sparsely with long setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA5FA7CD894F86587A9FEC6" blockId="7.[151,1436,1827,2032]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,716]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA5FA73D894F8658601F816" box="[201,353,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Tergites 3–12</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA5FA73D92CF86386D6F811" box="[369,438,1971,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1695]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: tergite; B: anterior fifth of tergite; C: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines; D: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations: Sn = sclerotized nodules; l-se = long setae; s-se = short setae; sm = smooth area; AM = anterior margin; CA = central area; PM = posterior margin; l-Sn = large sclerotized nodules; s-Sn = small sclerotized nodules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
): Anterior margins dominated by small conical spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFA5FA73DC71F863830FF811" box="[1068,1135,1971,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1695]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: tergite; B: anterior fifth of tergite; C: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines; D: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations: Sn = sclerotized nodules; l-se = long setae; s-se = short setae; sm = smooth area; AM = anterior margin; CA = central area; PM = posterior margin; l-Sn = large sclerotized nodules; s-Sn = small sclerotized nodules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Two submarginal rows of round sclerotized nodules: nodules of anterior-most row large and isolated, those of second row small and close together (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CD959FF478629FF75" box="[260,329,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1695]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: tergite; B: anterior fifth of tergite; C: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines; D: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations: Sn = sclerotized nodules; l-se = long setae; s-se = short setae; sm = smooth area; AM = anterior margin; CA = central area; PM = posterior margin; l-Sn = large sclerotized nodules; s-Sn = small sclerotized nodules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Anterior fifth of tergite with smooth zone, followed by a zone of 3–5 irregular rows of long setae, and then by an area of short setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDA36FF6C85CFFF0E" box="[619,687,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1695]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: tergite; B: anterior fifth of tergite; C: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines; D: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations: Sn = sclerotized nodules; l-se = long setae; s-se = short setae; sm = smooth area; AM = anterior margin; CA = central area; PM = posterior margin; l-Sn = large sclerotized nodules; s-Sn = small sclerotized nodules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Central four fifths of tergite dominated by short setae, nodules and slightly curved long setae inserted in large dimples (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDB54FF0F8435FF2D" box="[777,853,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1695]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: tergite; B: anterior fifth of tergite; C: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines; D: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations: Sn = sclerotized nodules; l-se = long setae; s-se = short setae; sm = smooth area; AM = anterior margin; CA = central area; PM = posterior margin; l-Sn = large sclerotized nodules; s-Sn = small sclerotized nodules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A, D). Posterior margins with a few thick setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDD33FF0F87C5FEC6" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,265,1695]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, SEM, A: tergite; B: anterior fifth of tergite; C: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines; D: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations: Sn = sclerotized nodules; l-se = long setae; s-se = short setae; sm = smooth area; AM = anterior margin; CA = central area; PM = posterior margin; l-Sn = large sclerotized nodules; s-Sn = small sclerotized nodules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAAFA7CD894FEF88323FE5D" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD894FEF88633FE9A" box="[201,339,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Endotergum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CD93FFEF786C7FEE5" box="[354,423,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1273,1296]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, endotergum, SEM, A: overview; B: posterior margin. Abbreviations: PM = posterior margin; oz = outer zone; ms = marginal setae; mr = marginal ridge; ci = cuticular impressions; im = intersegmental membrane." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212764/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
): with a regularly ‘square-wavy’ margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDB20FEF784A1FEE5" box="[893,961,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1273,1296]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, endotergum, SEM, A: overview; B: posterior margin. Abbreviations: PM = posterior margin; oz = outer zone; ms = marginal setae; mr = marginal ridge; ci = cuticular impressions; im = intersegmental membrane." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212764/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
B), outer zone with three rows of irregular marginal setae not reaching posterior margin. A single row of small elliptical cuticular impression present next to marginal ridge. Intersegmental membrane smooth, without cones or setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDB81FEBF8340FE5D" box="[988,1056,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1273,1296]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,483,1249]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., holotype, endotergum, SEM, A: overview; B: posterior margin. Abbreviations: PM = posterior margin; oz = outer zone; ms = marginal setae; mr = marginal ridge; ci = cuticular impressions; im = intersegmental membrane." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212764/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAAFA7CD894FE44858FFE15" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD894FE448628FE76" box="[201,328,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Anal shield</emphasis>
|
||
: densely covered with long setae; round in both sexes. Inner side with three or four striae. Ventral side with one long black locking carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDA03FE6785C0FE15" box="[606,672,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, Lc).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAAFA7CD894FE0D83FDFD5E" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD894FE0D879EFE2E" box="[201,254,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: first pair of legs without coxal lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDAF8FE0C8587FE2E" box="[677,743,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
F), first tarsi with two ventral spines and without apical spine; second pair of legs with small coxal lobes in male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CDA85FE2F847AFDCD" box="[728,794,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
H), second tarsi with four ventral spines and without apical spine; third leg pair with acute coxal lobes, third tarsi with five or six ventral spines and one apical spine; ninth pair of legs with seven ventral spines and one apical spine on tarsus, femur with one long ridge (Fig. 11G). Femur of ninth pair of leg 2.0 times longer than wide, tarsus 4.8 times longer than wide (Fig. 11G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAAFA7CD894FD4087B3FD16" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD894FD40868CFD72" box="[201,492,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Stigmatic plate of first leg</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFAAFA7CD9A1FD5F855FFD7D" box="[508,575,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
F): rounded, short and weakly curved, but forming a steep angle towards the coxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFAAFA7CD8CAF841855CF81C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212761/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" targetBox="[151,1436,753,1915]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAAFA7CD8CAF841855CF81C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1937,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD8CAF841866BF87D" bold="true" box="[151,267,1937,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFAAFA7CD945F8418577F872" box="[280,535,1937,1960]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD945F8418577F872" box="[280,535,1937,1960]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CDA41F842853BF87D" bold="true" box="[540,603,1938,1959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFAAFA7CDA41F8428536F87D" box="[540,598,1938,1959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, SEM,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CDB58F8428477F87D" bold="true" box="[773,791,1938,1959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
|
||
: right antenna, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CDC65F8428329F87D" bold="true" box="[1080,1097,1938,1959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">B</emphasis>
|
||
: sensory cones on distal antennomere;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAAFA7CD88AF8608789F81D" bold="true" box="[215,233,1968,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">C</emphasis>
|
||
: basal antennomere, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFABFA7DD8CAFB0B8611FA97" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212762/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1221]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFABFA7DD8CAFB0B8611FA97" blockId="9.[151,1437,1243,1358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD8CAFB0B866CFB2B" bold="true" box="[151,268,1243,1266]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFABFA7DD945FB0C8577FB28" box="[280,535,1244,1266]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD945FB0C8577FB28" box="[280,535,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDA40FB0C853CFB2B" bold="true" box="[541,604,1244,1265]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFABFA7DDA40FB0C8537FB2B" box="[541,599,1244,1265]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, SEM,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDB5AFB0C8453FB2B" bold="true" box="[775,819,1244,1265]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">A-B</emphasis>
|
||
: left mandible;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDB8EFB0B8485FB28" bold="true" box="[979,997,1243,1266]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">C</emphasis>
|
||
: gnathochilarium ventral side;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDD42FB0C8251FB2B" bold="true" box="[1311,1329,1244,1265]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">D</emphasis>
|
||
: right palpus with sensory cone;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD9D4FB2B86FAFACA" bold="true" box="[393,410,1275,1296]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">E</emphasis>
|
||
: distal sensory cones on right pulpus,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDB78FB2B8454FACA" bold="true" box="[805,820,1275,1296]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">F</emphasis>
|
||
: sensory cones on right pulpus. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDD7CFB2B8224FACA" bold="true" box="[1313,1348,1275,1296]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">mp</emphasis>
|
||
= molar plate;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD88BFAC98795FAF4" bold="true" box="[214,245,1305,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">pL</emphasis>
|
||
= pectinate lamella;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD996FAC88683FAF5" bold="true" box="[459,483,1304,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">iT</emphasis>
|
||
= inner tooth;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDA21FAC985F8FAF4" bold="true" box="[636,664,1305,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">eT</emphasis>
|
||
= external tooth;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDB1AFAC98436FAF4" bold="true" box="[839,854,1305,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
|
||
= palpus;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDB9FFAC984BDFAF4" bold="true" box="[962,989,1305,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">cP</emphasis>
|
||
= central pads;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDCDCFAC983C3FAF4" bold="true" box="[1153,1187,1305,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">LL</emphasis>
|
||
= lingual lamella;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DDD39FAC982E7FAF4" bold="true" box="[1380,1415,1305,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Me</emphasis>
|
||
= mentum;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD8AAFAE7866BFA94" bold="true" box="[247,267,1335,1358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">St</emphasis>
|
||
= stripes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFABFA7DD894FAAA8256FA00" blockId="9.[151,1437,1402,2002]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD894FAAA8601FA48" box="[201,353,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Female vulva</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFABFA7DD92CFAAA86DEFA48" box="[369,446,1402,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,185,1629]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., Digital photographs, A: paratype in habitat; B: paratype, living specimen volvated; C: paratype, ventral view, arrow points to locking carina of anal shield; D: eye field and Tömösváry organ; E: distal right antennomere; F: holotype, first pair of legs with stigmatic plate; G: paratype, vulva of female; H: holotype, second coxa, arrow points to coxal lobe. Abbreviations: Lc = locking carina; TO = Tömösváry organ; Cx = coxa; ST = stigmatic plate; O = operculum; EP = external plate of vulva; IP = mesal plate of vulva. A-C: Photographs not to scale. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212760/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
G, 11H): consisting of two basal plates which are fused proximally and divided distally. Operculum pointed, basal part of operculum surrounding apical part of basal plates, distally protruding above coxa to basal half of prefemur. Vulva covers half (1/2) of coxa width, vulva is one-third (1/3) longer than coxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFABFA7DD894FA3687B5F9F8" blockId="9.[151,1437,1402,2002]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD894FA368605FA24" box="[201,357,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Subanal plate</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFABFA7DD928FA3686A9FA24" box="[373,457,1510,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1407,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,1407,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., SEM, A: female paratype, subanal plate with ribs, arrow points to ribs; B: holotype, male gonopore on second coxa, arrows point to gonopore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212765/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A): brown, semicircular with a central shallow notch, laterally with four rib-like structures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFABFA7DD894F9FE84D6F99C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1402,2002]" box="[201,950,1582,1607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD894F9FE8613F99D" box="[201,371,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Male gonopore</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="229F2A43FFABFA7DD9DEF9FE86B5F99C" box="[387,469,1582,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1407,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,1407,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Sphaerobelum truncatum n. sp., SEM, A: female paratype, subanal plate with ribs, arrow points to ribs; B: holotype, male gonopore on second coxa, arrows point to gonopore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212765/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
B): covered by undivided sclerotized plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFABFA7DD894F9828547F8C4" blockId="9.[151,1437,1402,2002]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD894F98286F1F9B0" box="[201,401,1618,1642]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Anterior telopods</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs. 11A–C): syncoxite with small spines, telopodite consisting of four podomeres, all podomeres covered by long setae. First podomere width equals height. Second podomere with posterior lobe-like, curved process with rounded edges; process protruding up to end of third podomere; anterior side of process with a single spine at inner margin. Third podomere distally truncate. Fourth podomere as long as third podomere, with three sclerotized spines located on small thin sclerotized fields, one spine at apex and the other two located on posterior side. Sclerotized teeth absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFABFA7ED894F8FB84BAFF0E" blockId="9.[151,1437,1402,2002]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFABFA7DD894F8FB86FBF898" box="[201,411,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="38">Posterior telopods</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs. 11D, E): inner horns with sharp-edged tips, slightly curved backwards. Telopodite consisting of four podomeres. First podomere parallelogram-shaped. Second and third podomere dominated by short setae, margins with long setae. Process of second podomere weakly curved, distally glabrous, posteriorly apically enlarged and swollen (Fig. 11D), anteriorly apically concave, spatulate, with a single sclerotized spine (Fig. 11E). Moveable finger consisting of third podomere and small fourth podomere, slightly curved. Third podomere at inner margin with one small light colored spine, without any crenulated teeth. Fourth podomere at inner margin with two small sclerotized spines located in single brown sclerotized field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFA8FA7ED8CAF9648456F8FC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212763/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1694]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA8FA7ED8CAF9648456F8FC" blockId="10.[151,1436,1716,1831]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED8CAF964866CF913" bold="true" box="[151,268,1716,1739]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA8FA7ED947F964857AF910" box="[282,538,1716,1738]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED947F964857AF910" box="[282,538,1716,1738]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDA7CF9658500F910" bold="true" box="[545,608,1717,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFA8FA7EDA7CF965853BF910" box="[545,603,1717,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, SEM,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDB53F9648440F913" bold="true" box="[782,800,1716,1737]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
: tergite;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDB21F96584EDF910" bold="true" box="[892,909,1717,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
: anterior fifth of tergite;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDCD0F96483FFF911" bold="true" box="[1165,1183,1716,1739]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
: anterior margin of tergite, arrow points to small conical spines;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDA61F903852EF932" bold="true" box="[572,590,1747,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">D</emphasis>
|
||
: setae and nodules on central area of tergite. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDCE2F90283BBF933" bold="true" box="[1215,1243,1746,1769]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">Sn</emphasis>
|
||
= sclerotized nodules;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED890F9228792F8DD" bold="true" box="[205,242,1778,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">l-se</emphasis>
|
||
= long setae;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED9DDF92286C7F8DD" bold="true" box="[384,423,1778,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">s-se</emphasis>
|
||
= short setae;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDA61F922853BF8DD" bold="true" box="[572,603,1778,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">sm</emphasis>
|
||
= smooth area;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDAA2F9228449F8DD" bold="true" box="[767,809,1778,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">AM</emphasis>
|
||
= anterior margin;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDBB5F921836DF8D2" bold="true" box="[1000,1037,1777,1800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">CA</emphasis>
|
||
= central area;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDCF6F92283B2F8DD" bold="true" box="[1195,1234,1778,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">PM</emphasis>
|
||
= posterior margin;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED8CAF8C087A3F8FD" bold="true" box="[151,195,1808,1831]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">l-Sn</emphasis>
|
||
= large sclerotized nodules;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED9BBF8C08574F8FD" bold="true" box="[486,532,1808,1831]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">s-Sn</emphasis>
|
||
= small sclerotized nodules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA8FA7ED89AF89D8200F877" blockId="10.[151,1436,1869,2039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED89AF89D86B9F8BC" bold="true" box="[199,473,1869,1894]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">Intraspecific variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Only seven males and six females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA8FA7EDBD5F89E8378F8BC" box="[904,1048,1870,1894]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7EDBD5F89E8378F8BC" box="[904,1048,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">S. truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were available for analysis. However, some characters presented a clear difference between the sexes, such as the body length of females that tended to be longer than that of the males, while males have more sensory cones on the distal antennae than females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA8FA7FD89AF86984A8FF0E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1869,2039]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,428]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA8FA7ED89AF8698634F808" bold="true" box="[199,340,1977,2002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39">Life history.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult specimens were collected in late
|
||
<date id="CE1A1006FFA8FA7EDB52F86A84FBF80B" box="[783,923,1977,2002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="39" value="2010-08">August 2010</date>
|
||
during the rainy season. Numerous eggs were found in an adult female, with most of them aggregated into many small clusters located between the intestine and the body wall, from the second leg pairs to posterior end of the body. The eggs as preserved in 70% ethanol were orange in color. Mature eggs were round in shape with a diameter of about
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA9FA7FDB0EFF6C84A5FF0E" box="[851,965,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2BE654DFFA9FA79D89AFF0F8346FECD" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA9FA7FD89AFF0F827CFE76" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD89AFF0F8692FF22" bold="true" box="[199,498,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="651F8864FFA9FA7FDB98FF308495FF22" box="[965,1013,224,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality at
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA9FA7FDC2EFF0F8392FF2D" box="[1139,1266,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="445.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="440.0">440–450 m</quantity>
|
||
altitude. There is a small stream running along the secondary dry evergreen forest and the forest floor is covered by laterite soil with saplings and seedlings, including a leaf litter of up to
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFA9FA7FDB74FEF78400FEE5" box="[809,864,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
depth. At the time of collection, the weather was a light precipitation, 92% relative humidity, 25.5–26°C and 27°C soil and air temperature respectively. Most specimens were found on a 60 degree slope and only a few specimens were found on a flat plain area. Animals were found rolled up above the forest ground close to tree bases, in shallow soil pockets and under leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFA9FA7FD8CAFB298634FA97" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212764/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[151,1436,483,1249]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA9FA7FD8CAFB298634FA97" blockId="11.[151,1437,1273,1357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD8CAFB29866DFAD5" bold="true" box="[151,269,1273,1296]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 9</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA9FA7FD941FB2A857DFACA" box="[284,541,1274,1296]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD941FB2A857DFACA" box="[284,541,1274,1296]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDA7BFB2A8506FAD5" bold="true" box="[550,614,1274,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFA9FA7FDA7BFB2A8501FAD5" box="[550,609,1274,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, endotergum, SEM,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDBC2FB2A84D1FAD5" bold="true" box="[927,945,1274,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
|
||
: overview;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDC73FB2A835FFAD5" bold="true" box="[1070,1087,1274,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">B</emphasis>
|
||
: posterior margin. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD8CAFAC987DFFAF4" bold="true" box="[151,191,1305,1326]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">PM</emphasis>
|
||
= posterior margin;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD9CDFAC986C8FAF4" bold="true" box="[400,424,1305,1326]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">oz</emphasis>
|
||
= outer zone;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDA61FAC9853BFAF4" bold="true" box="[572,603,1305,1326]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">ms</emphasis>
|
||
= marginal setae;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDB45FAC98458FAF4" bold="true" box="[792,824,1305,1326]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">mr</emphasis>
|
||
= marginal ridge;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDBAAFAC88369FAF5" bold="true" box="[1015,1033,1304,1327]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">ci</emphasis>
|
||
= cuticular impressions;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDD56FAC88247FAF5" bold="true" box="[1291,1319,1304,1327]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">im</emphasis>
|
||
= intersegmental membrane.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="EEDB664EFFA9FA7FD8CAF8BC847CF87B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212765/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[151,1436,1407,1878]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFA9FA7FD8CAF8BC847CF87B" blockId="11.[151,1437,1900,1953]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD8CAF8BC8679F85B" bold="true" box="[151,281,1900,1923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 10</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFA9FA7FD97BF8BC8546F858" box="[294,550,1900,1922]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FD97BF8BC8546F858" box="[294,550,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFA9FA7FDA71F8BD850BF858" bold="true" box="[556,619,1901,1922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFA9FA7FDA71F8BD8507F858" box="[556,615,1901,1922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="40" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SEM, A: female paratype, subanal plate with ribs, arrow points to ribs; B: holotype, male gonopore on second coxa, arrows point to gonopore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAEFA78D8CAF89283BEF82E" blockId="12.[151,1437,1858,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78D8CAF8928679F882" bold="true" box="[151,281,1858,1881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFAEFA78D97AF8928549F882" box="[295,553,1858,1880]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="12" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78D97AF8928549F882" box="[295,553,1858,1880]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DA6CF8938511F882" bold="true" box="[561,625,1859,1880]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E357AFFFAEFA78DA6CF893850CF882" box="[561,620,1859,1880]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A-G
|
||
<typeStatus id="651F8864FFAEFA78DAF3F8928469F882" box="[686,777,1858,1880]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, H female
|
||
<typeStatus id="651F8864FFAEFA78DB21F89384B6F882" box="[892,982,1859,1880]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, drawing,
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DC1EF8928335F88D" bold="true" box="[1091,1109,1858,1879]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
|
||
: right anterior telopod, anterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78D888F8B28786F8AD" bold="true" box="[213,230,1890,1911]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
|
||
: last three podomeres of right anterior telopod, posterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DB3AF8B18419F8A2" bold="true" box="[871,889,1889,1912]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
|
||
: last three podomeres of right anterior telopod, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78D885F850878AF84F" bold="true" box="[216,234,1920,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">D</emphasis>
|
||
: last three podomeres of right posterior telopod, posterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DBCCF85084C2F84F" bold="true" box="[913,930,1920,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">E</emphasis>
|
||
: last three podomeres of right posterior telopod, anterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78D971F871865BF86C" bold="true" box="[300,315,1953,1974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">F</emphasis>
|
||
: stigmatic plate of 9th left leg;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DA2AF87085EBF86D" bold="true" box="[631,651,1952,1975]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">G</emphasis>
|
||
: 9th left leg, posterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DBF0F87184A1F86C" bold="true" box="[941,961,1953,1974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">H</emphasis>
|
||
: second right coxa with vulva, posterior view. Arrows point to the second podomere process. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DB4FF86F8451F80C" bold="true" box="[786,817,1983,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">Cx</emphasis>
|
||
= coxa;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DBD4F86F84C8F80C" bold="true" box="[905,936,1983,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">ST</emphasis>
|
||
= stigmatic plate;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DC3BF86F831AF80C" bold="true" box="[1126,1146,1983,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">O</emphasis>
|
||
= operculum;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78DD52F8108250F80F" bold="true" box="[1295,1328,1984,2005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">EP</emphasis>
|
||
= external plate of vulva;
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAEFA78D972F80F8628F82E" bold="true" box="[303,328,2015,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="41">IP</emphasis>
|
||
= mesal plate of vulva. Roman numbers refer to number of podomere. Scale bars =
|
||
<quantity id="7D5C9B23FFAEFA78DCC0F80F83BAF82E" box="[1181,1242,2015,2036]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA1B36C6FFAFFA79D89AFF478346FECD" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,279]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAFFA79D89AFF478658FF6A" bold="true" box="[199,312,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFAFFA79D962FF48853AFF6A" box="[319,602,152,176]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAFFA79D962FF48853AFF6A" box="[319,602,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be more active than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFAFFA79DBF3FF488342FF6A" box="[942,1058,152,176]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Zephronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAFFA79DBF3FF488342FF6A" box="[942,1058,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Zephronia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. They unroll their body in less than 5 minutes after capturing in the hand, which has never been observed for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFAFFA79DC5CFF6B8315FF09" box="[1025,1141,187,211]" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Zephronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAFFA79DC5CFF6B8315FF09" box="[1025,1141,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Zephronia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA44D45FFAFFA79DCFFFF6B87A1FF2F" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephronidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="88D0EAD4FFAFFA79DCFFFF6B87A1FF2F" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="42">Sphaerobelum truncatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well camouflaged, having similar color patterns to various objects in the environment, such as dried leaves and fruit seeds. The animals can also hide during the day by digging into the soil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |