433 lines
70 KiB
XML
433 lines
70 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F9F9AE62BAC41AD33AB11B5AFC816646">Morphology of adults and larvae and integrative taxonomy of southern hemisphere genera Tormus and Afrotormus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C3B4B687344485C16C2B938D21B10DB">Fikáček, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6C9271629B55BAAB94A63DE680D20D6A">Department of Entomology, National Museum, Kunratice 1, CZ- 148 00 Praha 4, Czech Republic; e-mail: mfikacek @ gmail. com & Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ- 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="30A06CDD82FF137C160141E47165BC0D">Minoshima, Yûsuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="59D967969EC262A6CD541B97FEF814F4">Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, 2 - 4 - 1 Higashida, Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 805 - 0071 Japan; e-mail: minoshima @ kmnh. jp & Systematic Entomology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060 - 8589 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="38EFBF446D755F25381CCB4D6BE871D0">Vondráček, Dominik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B9B7BA7B3009021AA8DF9ECF19160FDC">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ- 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B62E4140D647ACE62833516FC0A771BF">Gunter, Nicole</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C449CAADD7F316661847FFBCE60744F8">Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; e-mail: Nicole. Gunter @ csiro. au</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1CC5A81F05A47EBD4FC9991482B620DE">Leschen, Richard A. B.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FA580C850CFFAB6BB4FC1FFF52C7BC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4597015" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180302668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4597015" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA580C850CFFAB6BB4FC1FFF52C7BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA580C850CFFAB6BB4FC1FFF52C7BC" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">
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<taxonomicName id="4C539299850CFFA66BB4FC1FFC83C7F0" ID-CoL="8XJD5" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[495,782,965,990]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9273508850CFFA66BB4FC1FFDE3C7F0" bold="true" box="[495,622,965,990]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Afrotormus</emphasis>
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Hansen, 1999
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF2CF0B850CFFA66ACCFC2EFE27C028" author="HANSEN M." box="[151,426,1011,1031]" page="146" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName id="4C539299850CFFA66ACCFC2EFE27C028" ID-CoL="8XJD5" authority="Hansen, 1999 a: 146" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,426,1011,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9273508850CFFA66ACCFC2EFF7AC028" box="[151,247,1012,1030]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Afrotormus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC294EB850CFFA66AA6FC2EFE27C028" author="HANSEN M." box="[253,426,1011,1031]" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" pagination="121 - 172" refId="ref28888" refString="HANSEN M. 1999 a: Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Entomologica Scandinavica 30: 121 - 172." type="journal article" year="1999">Hansen, 1999a: 146</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54E857B8850CFFA66BEAFC2EFE56C029" box="[433,475,1012,1031]" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C539299850CFFA66871FC2EFCF5C029" ID-CoL="65JCJ" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[554,888,1012,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallescens">
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<emphasis id="B9273508850CFFA66871FC2EFD70C028" box="[554,765,1012,1030]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Afrotormus metallescens</emphasis>
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Hansen, 1999
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(by original designation).
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF2CF0B850CFFA66ACCFBD5FE3EC00F" author="HANSEN M." box="[151,435,1038,1058]" page="238" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName id="4C539299850CFFA66ACCFBD5FE3EC00F" ID-CoL="8XJD5" authority=": HANSEN (1999 b: 238" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,435,1038,1058]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9273508850CFFA66ACCFBD5FF7AC00F" box="[151,247,1039,1057]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Afrotormus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC294EB850CFFA66B58FBD5FE3EC00F" author="HANSEN M." box="[259,435,1038,1058]" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" refId="ref28921" refString="HANSEN M. 1999 b: World catalogue of insects. Volume 2 Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 416 pp." type="book" year="1999">HANSEN (1999b: 238</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, catalogue);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF2CF0B850CFFA6687BFBD4FC81C00F" author="SHORT A. E. Z. & FIKACEK M." box="[544,780,1038,1058]" page="85" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC294EB850CFFA6687BFBD4FC81C00F" author="SHORT A. E. Z. & FIKACEK M." box="[544,780,1038,1058]" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" pagination="83 - 122" refId="ref30188" refString="SHORT A. E. Z. & FIKACEK M. 2011: World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51: 83 - 122." type="journal article" year="2011">SHORT & FIKÁČEK (2011: 85</bibRefCitation>
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, list of genera).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C349BA91850CFFA76ACCFBE3FE26C69A" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="38" pageNumber="113" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BECE91A850CFFA66ACCFBE3FE47C23F" blockId="38.[151,1127,1081,1553]" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">
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<emphasis id="B9273508850CFFA66ACCFBE3FEE6C07C" bold="true" box="[151,363,1081,1106]" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Diagnosis of adult.</emphasis>
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Body highly convex, not compressed from sides (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA669DFFBE3FC5EC07C" box="[900,979,1081,1106]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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); dorsal coloration metallic, dark but never black (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA6686BFB83FD0DC05C" box="[560,640,1113,1138]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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); clypeus with anterolateral bead (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA669ACFB83FBD4C05C" box="[1015,1113,1113,1138]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
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); clypeus with wide anterior emargination exposing the membrane between clypeus and labrum (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66A8AFB43FEBFC09C" box="[209,306,1177,1202]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
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); labrum completely exposed in dorsal view (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66941FB43FCF1C09C" box="[794,892,1177,1202]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 17C</figureCitation>
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); eyes not protruding; antenna with 8 antennomeres (
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||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66B82FB63FDB6C0FC" box="[473,571,1209,1234]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 18H</figureCitation>
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); mandibular apex with three apical teeth (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA669A0FB63FBD7C0FC" box="[1019,1114,1209,1234]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
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); prosternum extremely short in front of procoxae, bearing longitudinal carina mesally (
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<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66E60FB03FF45C13C" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesoventrite divided from mesanepisterna of partly fused to them, anapleural suture indistinct to absent; anteromedian portion of mesoventrite without deep pit (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66988FAC3FBA8C11C" box="[979,1061,1305,1330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Figs 19</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C); posteromedian portion of mesoventrite with narrow high triangular projection; elytron with punctural series present only posterolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA668CCFA83FD71C15C" box="[663,764,1369,1394]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
|
||
); pro- and mesocoxae each with several strong spines ventrally, metacoxae without spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA668ACFAA3FCD7C1BC" box="[759,858,1401,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Figs 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA6693FFAA0FCF3C1BC" box="[868,894,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">19</figureCitation>
|
||
B–D); femora without dense pubescence even basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66BB2FA43FDC6C19C" box="[489,587,1433,1458]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
); basal metatarsomere ca. as long as metatarsomere 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66AEEFA63FE94C1FC" box="[181,281,1465,1490]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 19D</figureCitation>
|
||
); abdomen with five ventrites; basal abdominal ventrite carinate mesally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66E60FA63FF49C1DC" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 19F</figureCitation>
|
||
); abdominal laterosternite 3 with organized stridulation file (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850CFFA66911FA03FC27C1DC" box="[842,938,1497,1522]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="113">Fig. 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
); abdominal apex without apical emargination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A850DFFA76ACBFF07FE26C69A" blockId="39.[113,1089,220,692]" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76ACBFF07FE84C4DA" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[144,265,221,244]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76ACBFF07FE84C4DA" box="[144,265,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is superficially rather similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7682BFF07FD32C4DA" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1884" box="[624,703,221,244]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA7682BFF07FD32C4DA" box="[624,703,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Tormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore also resembles some genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76B5CFF26FE13C53A" authorityName="Bedel" authorityYear="1881" box="[263,414,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Chaetarthriini">Chaetarthriini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76BF1FF26FD8AC53A" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[426,519,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Berosini">Berosini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7684AFF26FD07C53A" box="[529,650,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Anacaenini">Anacaenini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7689AFF26FCE5C53A" box="[705,872,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Coelostomatini">Coelostomatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The characters diagnosing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76A97FEC7FEC8C51A" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[204,325,285,308]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76A97FEC7FEC8C51A" box="[204,325,285,308]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from these groups are the same as for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76881FEC7FCA4C51A" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1884" box="[730,809,285,308]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76881FEC7FCA4C51A" box="[730,809,285,308]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Tormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), with the only exception of the number of antennomeres (8 both in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA768E6FEE7FCBBC57A" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[701,822,317,340]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA768E6FEE7FCBBC57A" box="[701,822,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the highly globular representatives of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76B04FE86FE33C55A" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[351,446,348,372]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Berosini">Berosini</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76B8AFE87FDC7C55A" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[465,586,349,372]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76B8AFE87FDC7C55A" box="[465,586,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
further differs from all these taxa by the completely metallic dorsal coloration, which is otherwise rather rare in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76935FEA6FB85C5BA" authorityName=", HANSEN" authorityYear="1991" box="[878,1032,380,404]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydrophilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(it is found in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76B4AFE47FE04C59A" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1867" box="[273,393,413,436]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Paracymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76B4AFE47FE04C59A" box="[273,393,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Paracymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7680EFE47FD43C59A" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[597,718,413,436]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA7680EFE47FD43C59A" box="[597,718,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by body never highly convex, and pro- and mesofemora with dense pubescence basally, and in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76968FE67FBCDC5FA" authority="Solier, 1834" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1834" box="[819,1088,444,468]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tropisternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76968FE67FC34C5FA" box="[819,953,445,468]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Tropisternus</emphasis>
|
||
Solier, 1834
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which are large-sized aquatic beetles restricted to New World and having legs with swimming hairs). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F344A98A850DFFA76A83FE26FEEEC63A" box="[216,355,508,532]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76B36FE27FE6BC63A" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[365,486,509,532]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76B36FE27FE6BC63A" box="[365,486,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is superficially most similar to the
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76906FE27FC33C63A" box="[861,958,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Grodum-</emphasis>
|
||
group of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76AECFDC7FEAFC61A" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1859" box="[183,290,541,564]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76AECFDC7FEAFC61A" box="[183,290,541,564]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Anacaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see HANSEN 1999 and KOMAREK & BEUTEL 2004 for details) with which it may even co-occur. Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76BEEFDE7FD80C67A" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[437,525,573,596]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Grodum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76BEEFDE7FD80C67A" box="[437,525,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Grodum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7682EFDE7FD6DC67A" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1859" box="[629,736,573,596]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA7682EFDE7FD6DC67A" box="[629,736,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Anacaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA76A2AFD87FF67C65A" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[113,234,605,628]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76A2AFD87FF67C65A" box="[113,234,605,628]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by elytra series developed even mesally, absence of exposed membrane between anterior margin of clypeus and labrum, flat median portion of the mesoventrite and femora with dense basal pubescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C349BA91850DFFAB6A2AFD10FCEBC6DD" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A850DFFA76A2AFD10FE61C70D" blockId="39.[113,1089,714,1603]" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76A2AFD10FEE0C6CD" bold="true" box="[113,365,714,739]" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Redescription of adult</emphasis>
|
||
(characters in which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7680AFD16FD47C6CD" authorityName=": HANSEN" authorityYear="1999" box="[593,714,716,739]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA7680AFD16FD47C6CD" box="[593,714,716,739]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Afrotormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C539299850DFFA7690FFD16FC2EC6CD" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1884" box="[852,931,716,739]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA7690FFD16FC2EC6CD" box="[852,931,716,739]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Tormus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are marked by an asterisk). Body widely oval, highly convex* (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76826FD31FD40C72D" box="[637,717,747,771]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B); general coloration of dorsal surface metallic*, brown to bronze.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A850DFFA96ACBFCF1FE03C53A" blockId="39.[113,1089,714,1603]" lastBlockId="41.[113,1090,219,1587]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76ACBFCF1FE2FC76D" bold="true" box="[144,418,810,835]" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">
|
||
Head.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76A81FCF0FE2FC76D" bold="true" box="[218,418,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Clypeus and frons</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76BEBFCF1FD98C76D" box="[432,533,811,835]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Figs 17C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76844FCF1FDC1C76D" box="[543,588,811,835]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">18B</figureCitation>
|
||
) distinctly punctate, frons and clypeus without trichobothria*, frontoclypeal suture indistinct; clypeus slightly expanded laterally, covering bases of antennae, anteromedian margin deeply excised, exposing the membrane between clypeus and labrum, lateral margins of clypeus with a bead*.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA768AAFC51FCA8C78C" bold="true" box="[753,805,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
small, not protruding from outline of head, separated by 3.5× width of one eye.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA768EEFC70FC83C7ED" bold="true" box="[693,782,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Labrum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76945FC71FCF2C7ED" box="[798,895,939,963]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
|
||
) well sclerotized, completely exposed dorsally, widest subbasally, strongly narrowed basally and arcuately narrowing anteriad, shallowly bisinuate on anterior margin; dorsal surface without any setae*, ground punctation slightly stronger than on clypeus*; anterior margin mesally with a series of stout blunt spines; epipharynx not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76836FBF0FD6CC06D" bold="true" box="[621,737,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Mandibles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA768B5FBF1FCC6C06D" box="[750,843,1067,1091]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
|
||
) with trifid mandibular apex*, otherwise not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76B91FB90FDADC04D" bold="true" box="[458,544,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76875FB91FD06C04D" box="[558,651,1099,1123]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Fig. 18F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a large subtriangular cardo lacking trichobothria; basistipes triangular, bearing few fine setae only; mediostipes and lacinia not examined; galea with rather stout distal setae arranged into well-defined rows; maxillary palpus with 4 palpomeres, palpomere 1 minute, palpomeres 2 and 4 subequal in length, ca. 3× the length of palpomere 3; base of palpomere 4 with a group of ca. six digitiform sensilla on lateral surface*.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76B18FB30FE14C12D" bold="true" box="[323,409,1258,1283]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76BFCFB31FE7BC12D" box="[423,502,1259,1283]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Figs 18</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D, F) with submentum ca. half as long* and as wide as mentum, bearing sparsely arranged setae; mentum transverse, ca. 1.7× wider than long, with triangular anterior margin* and subparallel lateral margins, its surface bearing sparsely arranged setae on whole surface*, lateral margins without setae*; prementum subdivided into two membranous lobes bearing anteromedian group of long setae; labial palpus with three palpomeres, palpomere 1 minute, palpomere 2 much longer* than palpomere
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB44FF850DFFA769C4FA51FC4AC18D" box="[927,967,1419,1443]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="39" pageNumber="114" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
both sexes, modified or unmodified in males*, bearing numerous rather long and stout setae; palpomere 3 minute* without digitiform sensilla.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA7684EFA11FDF9C1CD" bold="true" box="[533,628,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA768DFFA11FD67C1CD" box="[644,746,1483,1507]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Figs 18H</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 8 antennomeres*, scapus conical, ca. 4× as long as pedicel*, pedicel bulbose*, antennomeres 3–5 short, subequal in length, antennomeres 6–8 forming a distinct, rather compact* and densely pubescent antennal club.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9273508850DFFA76A8DF9F0FE80C26D" bold="true" box="[214,269,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Gula</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F850DFFA76B46F9F1FEF2C26D" box="[285,383,1579,1603]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="114">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
) narrow*, gular sutures distinctly separated*, tentorial pits rather closely aggregated, distinct, pit-like*.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96855FF06FDF6C4DD" bold="true" box="[526,635,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Temporae</emphasis>
|
||
with very distinct long ridge arising from inner margin of each eye*.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2CB9928502FFA86ACCFA07FE4DC26E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="115" startId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" targetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8502FFA86ACCFA07FE4DC26E" blockId="40.[151,1127,1501,1600]" pageId="40" pageNumber="115">
|
||
Fig. 18. Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5392998502FFA86B2BFA04FD11C1DE" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[368,668,1501,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088502FFA86B2BFA04FD91C1DE" box="[368,540,1502,1520]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="115">Afrotormus minutus</emphasis>
|
||
Hansen, 1999
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A–D, F–J) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5392998502FFA8696DFA04FBB3C1DE" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[822,1086,1501,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088502FFA8696DFA04FC33C1DE" box="[822,958,1502,1520]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="115">A. metallescens</emphasis>
|
||
Hansen, 1999
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8503FFA96ACBFEC1FD6DC69D" blockId="41.[113,1090,219,1587]" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">
|
||
Prothorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B5FFEC6FEFEC51D" bold="true" box="[260,371,284,307]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA96B25FEC1FE46C51A" box="[382,459,283,308]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, 18I) highly convex, widest subbasally, bearing weakly projecting anterior corners; surface smooth, without depressions, with distinct punctation, without trichobothria*; anterior margin sharply* angulate mesally, lateral margins forming continuous curve with posterior margin; lateral margin arcuately bent to posterior margin; marginal bead present along whole anterior and lateral margins.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA9694EFE46FC1AC59D" bold="true" box="[789,919,412,435]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Hypomeron</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA969FFFE41FB89C59A" box="[932,1028,411,436]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
) with rather narrow lateral glabrous portion and densely pubescent median portion, portions not divided by a ridge, hypomeral process not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA968FBFE06FCAFC5DD" bold="true" box="[672,802,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Prosternum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA96974FE01FC02C5DA" box="[815,911,475,500]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
) extremely short anterior to procoxae, ca. 0.1× as long as procoxa; mesal portion largely concealed by procoxae but strongly carinate mesally, prosternal process large, nearly completely concealed by procoxae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96ABBFDE0FEF4C67D" bold="true" box="[224,377,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Coxal cavities</emphasis>
|
||
delimited internally by median prosternal carina, open posteriorly, coxal fissure rather long, widely* open, notopleural suture distinct but very short. Accessory ridge below posterior pronotal margin very distinct, laterally reaching to lateral margin of hypomeron as a ‘transverse fold’.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B85FD40FDCCC69D" bold="true" box="[478,577,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Profurca</emphasis>
|
||
not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8503FFA96ACBFD66FCD8C09D" blockId="41.[113,1090,219,1587]" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96ACBFD66FEFAC6FD" bold="true" box="[144,375,699,724]" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">
|
||
Mesothorax.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5392998503FFA96B7FFD61FEFAC6FD" box="[292,375,699,723]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Scutum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B7FFD61FEFAC6FD" bold="true" box="[292,375,699,723]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Scutum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with scutellar shield exposed, triangular, pointed posteriorly, ca. as long as wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96AA7FD00FEC0C6DD" bold="true" box="[252,333,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Elytron</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA96B01FD01FE29C6DA" box="[346,420,731,756]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[113,144,1510,1529]" captionTargetBox="[149,1031,239,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@37.[113,1088,219,1371]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 17. Habitus of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 from Knysna, Diepwalle. A – dorsal view; B – lateral view; C – frontal view; D – posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503806/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B) highly convex; sutural stria present, reaching ca. midlength of elytron; nine elytral series distinct only posterolaterally, obliterated anteromesally, formed of the punctures of the same size but slightly more impressed as interval punctation; scutellary stria absent; elytral trichobothria absent*, punctures of elytral intervals very fine, each bearing very fine seta; lateral edge with a narrow bead; epipleuron moderately wide anteriorly, gradually narrowing to elytra midlength, indistinct more posteriad, not subdivided into pubescent and bare portions*; ventral elytral surface not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96893FC41FCDEC79D" bold="true" box="[712,851,923,947]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Mesoventrite</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA96939FC41FC22C79A" box="[866,943,923,948]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Figs 19</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C) divided from mesanepisternum by distinct anapleural suture or fused, with reduced anapleural sutures; mesoventrite subtriangular in shape, widely extending laterad posteriorly; median portion of mesoventrite elevated into a narrow median crest, the crest strongly angulate in lateral view, bearing few stiff setae apically; mesoventral process narrow; anteromesal portion of mesoventrite without deep pit*; whole surface with scale-like microsculpture; trochantin not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96A2AFB81FE91C05D" bold="true" box="[113,284,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Mesanepisterna</emphasis>
|
||
not meeting anteromesally, narrowly divided by anterior portion of mesoventrite; anterior collar well-defined, moderately wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96826FBA1FC9DC0BD" bold="true" box="[637,784,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Mesepimeron</emphasis>
|
||
not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA969F7FBA0FBCCC0BD" bold="true" box="[940,1089,1146,1171]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Coxal cavities</emphasis>
|
||
obliquely transverse, not examined in detail.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA9681EFB40FD34C09D" bold="true" box="[581,697,1178,1203]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Mesofurca</emphasis>
|
||
not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8503FFA96ACBFB66FEB3C1BD" blockId="41.[113,1090,219,1587]" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96ACBFB66FE2AC0FD" bold="true" box="[144,423,1212,1236]" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">
|
||
Metathorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B7CFB66FE2AC0FD" bold="true" box="[295,423,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Metanotum</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA9680DFB61FD6FC0FD" bold="true" box="[598,738,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Metaventrite</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA968AFFB61FCD5C0FA" box="[756,856,1211,1236]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly longer than mesoventrite*, evenly convex, with slightly elevated median portion well defined posteriorly by a blunt ridge with spines, whole surface bearing very sparse* pubescence. Postcoxal ridge very distinct.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B1FFAC1FD8BC11D" bold="true" box="[324,518,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Metanepisternum</emphasis>
|
||
ca. 8× longer than wide, without an obliquely transverse strengthened ridge anteriorly; whole surface sparsely pubescent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA9690CFAE1FC67C17D" bold="true" box="[855,1002,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Metepimeron</emphasis>
|
||
without distinct ventral portion.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B2BFA80FE69C15D" bold="true" box="[368,484,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Metafurca</emphasis>
|
||
not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA968DDFA80FC89C15D" bold="true" box="[646,772,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Hind wings</emphasis>
|
||
well developed or absent, not examined in detail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8503FFAB6ACBFA46FCE3C53D" blockId="41.[113,1090,219,1587]" lastBlockId="43.[113,1089,219,756]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96ACBFA46FF48C19A" bold="true" box="[144,197,1436,1460]" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8503FFA96A88FA41FEAFC19A" box="[211,290,1435,1460]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[151,182,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-10@40.[151,1126,219,1474]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 18. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A–D, F–J) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (E). A – ventral view of the body; B – head in frontal view; C – male labial palpus; D – punctation of frons; E – mandible; F – ventral view of mouthparts; G – prothorax in ventral view; H – antenna; I – anterior margin of pronotum; J – prothoracic leg in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503808/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Figs 18</figureCitation>
|
||
AJ, 19A, D).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96BE9FA41FE75C19D" bold="true" box="[434,504,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Coxae</emphasis>
|
||
with few* (pro- and mesocoxae) large spines ventrally close to trochanter articulation, metacoxae bare; procoxae subtriangular*, transverse; mesocoxae transverse, rather robust mesally, narrowly separated; metacoxae narrowly transverse, subrectangular in ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96B99FA20FDC5C23D" bold="true" box="[450,584,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Trochanters</emphasis>
|
||
with proximal parts concealed by coxae, distal subtriangular parts exposed ventrally, bearing sparsely arranged setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088503FFA96937F9C6FC4EC21D" bold="true" box="[876,963,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="116">Femora</emphasis>
|
||
attached to trochanters by their posteromesal (in meso- and metafemora) or anteromesal (on profemora) portions only, anteromesal (in meso- and metafemora) or posteromesal bases (in profemora) free, rounded or angulate; profemora sparsely pubescent ventrally (except for bare posterobasal portion), with shallow but distinct depression dorsally*, meso- and metafemora with short sparsely arranged spines; tibial grooves present, deep, defined by a high ridge ventrally and low ridge dorsally.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088500FFAA6BD6FEA2FE5FC5BF" bold="true" box="[397,466,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="117">Tibiae</emphasis>
|
||
slightly longer than femora, abruptly widening subproximally, slightly widening distad; each tibia with large spines along outer face, with longest spines mesodistally.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088500FFAA6B70FE63FEEFC5FF" bold="true" box="[299,354,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="117">Tarsi</emphasis>
|
||
with 5 tarsomeres, tarsomeres 1–4* subequal in length. All tarsomeres with numerous moderately long setae ventrally and few setae of same length dorsally; claws arcuate, without subbasal tooth; tarsi and claws not sexually dimorphic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2CB9928500FFAA6ACCFA14FE04C21F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="117" startId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" targetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8500FFAA6ACCFA14FE04C21F" blockId="42.[151,1128,1486,1585]" pageId="42" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Fig. 19. Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5392998500FFAA6B2BFA15FD11C1CF" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[368,668,1486,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088500FFAA6B2BFA15FD91C1CF" box="[368,540,1487,1505]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="117">Afrotormus minutus</emphasis>
|
||
Hansen, 1999
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A, C–F) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5392998500FFAA6979FA15FBA7C1CF" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[802,1066,1486,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Afrotormus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088500FFAA6979FA15FC24C1CF" box="[802,937,1487,1505]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="117">A. metallescens</emphasis>
|
||
Hansen, 1999
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8501FFAB6ACBFEC1FDDBC5DD" blockId="43.[113,1089,219,756]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088501FFAB6ACBFEC1FF72C51D" bold="true" box="[144,255,283,307]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8501FFAB6B57FEC1FED4C51A" box="[268,345,283,308]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[210,1069,514,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@42.[208,1070,512,1470]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 19. Morphology of Afrotormus minutus Hansen, 1999 (A, C–F) and A. metallescens Hansen, 1999 (B). A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B–C – detail of mesoventrite and mesoventral process in ventral view; D – metathoracic leg; E – detail of stridulation file on abdominal laterosternite 3; F – abdomen in ventral view, with exposed left laterosternite 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503810/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Figs 19</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F) with five exposed ventrites; ventrite 1 with moderately large bare coxal grooves, remaining portion sparsely pubescent, median portion with longitudinal carina throughout*; ventrites 2–5 subequal in length, sparsely pubescent on whole surface; ventrite 5 without median emargination or group of enlarged setae posteromesally. Laterosternite 3 simple, dorsal portion not divided from ventral by a ridge, bearing an area of goose-headshaped cuticular projections which is posteriorly organized into a stridulatory file consisting of obliquely arranged uninterrupted lamellae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8501FFAB6ACBFE21FCEBC6DD" blockId="43.[113,1089,219,756]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088501FFAB6ACBFE21FE24C63D" bold="true" box="[144,425,506,531]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">
|
||
Genitalia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088501FFAB6B53FE20FE24C63D" bold="true" box="[264,425,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8501FFAB6BE1FE21FD83C63A" box="[442,526,507,532]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[151,182,1554,1573]" captionTargetBox="[179,1100,529,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-113@44.[167,1111,514,1535]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 20. Morphology (A–H) and distribution (I) of Afrotormus species. A–D – male genitalia (A, C – aedeagus; B, D – male sternite 9): A–B – A. metallescens Hansen, 1999; C–D – A. minutus Hansen, 1999. E–H – labial palpus (E, G – male; F, H – female): E–F – A. metallescens; G–H – A. minutus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503812/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D). Aedeagus of simply trilobed
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E857B88501FFAB69CEFE26FC4BC63A" box="[917,966,508,532]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">type</typeStatus>
|
||
; parameres slightly longer* than phallobase, wide basally, widely subparallel basally*, suddenly narrowing subapically*, apices species-specific in shape; whole paramere bearing numerous pore-like sensilla; median lobe slightly shorter than parameres, widely subrectangular in apical portion, slightly angulate on apex, apodemes rather long and reaching into phallobase, gonoporus apical; phallobase with moderately large but rather indistinctly detached manubrium. Sternite 9 wide basally, strongly narrowing apicad into a narrow long projection*, with long subbasal lateral struts. Sternite 8 not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088501FFAB6856FD00FD4AC6DD" bold="true" box="[525,711,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C349BA918501FFAB6A2AFCD0FCE1C76D" pageId="43" pageNumber="118" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8501FFAB6A2AFCD0FCE1C76D" blockId="43.[113,1089,778,835]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088501FFAB6A2AFCD0FF40C70C" bold="true" box="[113,205,778,802]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Terrestrial. Based on label data of known specimens, they were sifted from forest leaf litter and fynbos litter, or found under stones. Larvae are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C349BA918501FFAB6A2AFC83FF52C7BC" pageId="43" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECE91A8501FFAB6A2AFC83FF52C7BC" blockId="43.[113,1089,857,914]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92735088501FFAB6A2AFC83FE89C75F" bold="true" box="[113,260,857,881]" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus is endemic to the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499727F88501FFAB686FFC80FCA2C75C" box="[564,815,858,882]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F344A98A8501FFAB6963FC80FBCCC75C" box="[824,1089,858,882]" name="South Africa" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368F59F8501FFAB6A22FCA0FF5FC7BC" box="[121,210,890,914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[151,182,1554,1573]" captionTargetBox="[179,1100,529,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-113@44.[167,1111,514,1535]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 20. Morphology (A–H) and distribution (I) of Afrotormus species. A–D – male genitalia (A, C – aedeagus; B, D – male sternite 9): A–B – A. metallescens Hansen, 1999; C–D – A. minutus Hansen, 1999. E–H – labial palpus (E, G – male; F, H – female): E–F – A. metallescens; G–H – A. minutus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4503812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4503812/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="118">Fig. 20I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |