280 lines
42 KiB
XML
280 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="DC679817E4E8D4892F4FEE3B631F8C3B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13392170" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13392170" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1723061019964" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kriwet, Jürgen" docDate="2003" docId="03B187E52C6B1A016C60FCD7956290D6" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.48.4.583-594.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37.1:ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Folipistrix digitulus Kriwet, 2003, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="588" masterDocId="FF88FF9D2C681A046F4CFFF8911D9232" masterDocTitle="Neoselachian remains (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland" masterLastPageNumber="594" masterPageNumber="583" pageNumber="586" updateTime="1724880230415" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1491F1134FC1189AF7B64EC0865568C7">Neoselachian remains (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="238444BC39B3DAC89DAD80E1E93431BF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="51DFB581C65FED9A95B5CBA1040A5DDC">Kriwet, Jürgen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="509F6A2214CC01D3EB4DED7A28264618">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C59D37BAD9ABE31340B3EF5B000A5E27">
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<mods:date id="6F0B4F7EE7CFDCD2619A46636A2D7E11">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7588899C3765CBC5E663729D7ADEB0CB">2003-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C1741078D7D2BA47C12F5FDB9BBC8795">48</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4BE946BE5BC403EFA38943556A41D259" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13392170</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9ADA99D1B635F7F4BC519F68A1904021" type="ISSN">1732-2421</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B187E52C6B1A016C60FCD7956290D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13328450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13328450" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187E52C6B1A016C60FCD7956290D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B187E52C6B1A016C60FCD7956290D6" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<subSubSection id="C30265782C6B1A076C60FCD7958A917E" box="[812,1175,815,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FCD7958A917E" blockId="3.[812,1175,815,877]" box="[812,1175,815,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<heading id="D0EF819F2C6B1A076C60FCD7958A917E" box="[812,1175,815,844]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" reason="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6B1A076C60FCD7958A917E" authorityName="Kriwet" authorityYear="2003" box="[812,1175,815,844]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Brachaeluridae" genus="Folipistrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="digitulus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FCD79536917E" box="[812,1067,815,844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Folipistrix digitulus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F579A2C6B1A076B7FFCC8958A917E" box="[1075,1175,816,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30265782C6B1A016C60FCAF956290D6" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FCAF92B2915F" blockId="3.[812,1175,815,877]" box="[812,943,855,877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<figureCitation id="13232A762C6B1A076C60FCAF929C915F" box="[812,897,855,877]" captionStart="Fig 2" captionStartId="4.[102,132,1582,1601]" captionTargetBox="[190,1396,225,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-158@4.[190,1397,225,1554]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig 2. A. Hybodontiformes indet. BGRX 12499; in lateral (A 1, A2) and occlusal (A3) views. All × 40. B. Pseudospinax? sp. BGRX 12500, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in occlusal (B1), lateral (B2), and lingual (B3) views. All × 80. C. Palaeobrachaelurus sp. BGRX 12502, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian in labial view (C1), × 55, occlusal view (C2), × 55, lateral view C3, × 55, lingual view (C4), × 55, and basal view (C5), × 40. D. Holotype of Folipistrix digitulus gen. et sp. nov. SMNS 87861, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian; in labial view (D1), × 50, lateral view (D2), × 50. lingual view (D3), × 45, latero−lingual view (D4), × 45, and basal view (D5), × 45." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13392182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13392182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Figs. 2D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13232A762C6B1A076CC7FCAF92B6915F" box="[907,939,855,877]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[102,135,1730,1749]" captionTargetBox="[104,1483,225,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[104,1484,225,1702]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. A. Paratype of Folipistrix digitulus gen. et sp. nov. SMNS 87862, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian; in labial view, × 52. B–C. Orectolobiformes, fam. gen. et sp. indet. Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian. B. Specimen SMNS 87863; in labial view, × 85. C. Specimen SMNS 87864; in labial view, × 115. D. Holotype of Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov. BGRX 12503, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (D1), occlusal (D2), lateral (D3), and lingual (D4) views. All × 40. E. Isolated lateral cusplet of Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov., BGR X 12504, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (E1) and lingual (E2) views. Both × 30. F. Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919. Specimen BGRX 12505, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (F 1), lateral (F2), occlusal (F3), and lingual (F4) views. All × 65. G. Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919. Specimen BGRX 12506, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (G 1), lateral (G2), occlusal (G3), and lingual (G4) views. All × 32. H. Protospinax sp. 1. BGRX 12507, Kłęby: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (H 1), lateral (H2), occlusal (H3), and lingual (H4) views. All × 40. J. Protospinax sp. 2. BGRX 12508, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian. Labial view. K. Squalogaleus sp. BGRX 12509, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (K1), lateral (K2), occlusal (K3), and lingual (K4) views. All × 50. L. Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov.? BGRX 12510, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265 m, Callovian. Labial view, × 28. M. Scyliorhinidae indet. BGRX 12511, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265, Callovian; in labial view, × 14. N. Neoselachii indet. BGR X 12512, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265, Callovian; in labial view, × 22." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13392190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13392190/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">3A</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FC86950691A6" blockId="3.[812,1485,894,1143]" box="[812,1051,894,916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<materialsCitation id="3B703CAE2C6B1A076C60FC86950691A6" box="[812,1051,894,916]" collectionCode="SMNS" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" specimenCode="SMNS 87861" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FC86929991A6" box="[812,900,894,916]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<typeStatus id="54A388512C6B1A076C60FC86929991A6" box="[812,900,894,916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DBBE9E882C6B1A076CDDFC86950A91A6" box="[913,1047,894,916]" collectionCode="SMNS" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkund Stuttgart" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">SMNS 87861</specimenCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FC5995069185" blockId="3.[812,1485,894,1143]" box="[812,1051,929,951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<materialsCitation id="3B703CAE2C6B1A076C60FC59950A9185" box="[812,1047,929,951]" collectionCode="SMNS" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" specimenCode="SMNS 87862" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FC5992999184" box="[812,900,929,950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<typeStatus id="54A388512C6B1A076C60FC5992999184" box="[812,900,929,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DBBE9E882C6B1A076CDDFC59950A9185" box="[913,1047,929,951]" collectionCode="SMNS" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkund Stuttgart" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">SMNS 87862</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FC3B942191EB" blockId="3.[812,1485,894,1143]" box="[812,1340,963,985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FC3B92B491EB" box="[812,937,963,985]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW
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<collectingCountry id="F30F76632C6B1A076B90FC3B942591EB" box="[1244,1336,963,985]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Germany</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FC1D94D491C9" blockId="3.[812,1485,894,1143]" box="[812,1481,997,1019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FC1D92B991C9" box="[812,932,997,1019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Type horizon</emphasis>
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:“Opalinuston”,Dogger α,lowerAalenian,MiddleJurassic.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FBFF92C79667" blockId="3.[812,1485,894,1143]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FBFF928E962F" box="[812,915,1031,1053]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Etymology</emphasis>
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: The species name is derived from
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6B1A076BA4FBFF9421962F" authorityName="Kriwet" authorityYear="2003" box="[1256,1340,1031,1053]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Brachaeluridae" genus="Folipistrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="digitulus">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076BA4FBFF9421962F" box="[1256,1340,1031,1053]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">digitulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(m.), the Latin word for a little finger in reconsideration of the finger−like projected labial protuberance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FB9995E09645" blockId="3.[812,1485,894,1143]" box="[812,1277,1121,1143]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FB9992809645" box="[812,925,1121,1143]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Occurrence</emphasis>
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: Only known from the
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<typeStatus id="54A388512C6B1A076B33FB9995B59645" box="[1151,1192,1121,1143]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FB7195889692" blockId="3.[812,1173,1160,1184]" box="[812,1173,1160,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FB7192839692" box="[812,926,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.—Same as for genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A076C60FB4A94D694FB" blockId="3.[812,1485,1201,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6B1A076C60FB4A92AD96FB" box="[812,944,1202,1225]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Description</emphasis>
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.—The
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<typeStatus id="54A388512C6B1A076B44FB49957796FB" box="[1032,1130,1201,1225]" pageId="3" pageNumber="586" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13232A762C6B1A076B37FB4995CE96FB" box="[1147,1235,1201,1225]" captionStart="Fig 2" captionStartId="4.[102,132,1582,1601]" captionTargetBox="[190,1396,225,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-158@4.[190,1397,225,1554]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig 2. A. Hybodontiformes indet. BGRX 12499; in lateral (A 1, A2) and occlusal (A3) views. All × 40. B. Pseudospinax? sp. BGRX 12500, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in occlusal (B1), lateral (B2), and lingual (B3) views. All × 80. C. Palaeobrachaelurus sp. BGRX 12502, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian in labial view (C1), × 55, occlusal view (C2), × 55, lateral view C3, × 55, lingual view (C4), × 55, and basal view (C5), × 40. D. Holotype of Folipistrix digitulus gen. et sp. nov. SMNS 87861, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian; in labial view (D1), × 50, lateral view (D2), × 50. lingual view (D3), × 45, latero−lingual view (D4), × 45, and basal view (D5), × 45." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13392182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13392182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
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) is a small tooth with preserved crown and root. The crown is relatively high and triangular in labial view without lateral cusplets. There are also no lateral heels. The crown is rather compressed labio−lingually. The labial face is almost flat and only slightly cambered toward the lower part of the crown. There is a distinct, labially projecting protuberance with rectangular outline in labial view. A root buttress or the root itself does not support the protuberance. In lateral view, the well−developed protuberance juts labially being almost horizontal. The base of the tooth crown is concave in labial view and overhangs the root slightly. The cutting edge is well developed. It displays a few very coarse, irregular indentations giving the cutting edge a coarsely serrated, leaf−like appearance. The serrations are very coarse basally. The lingual face is more convex. There is no median uvula and the neck collar is very thin, nearly absent. There is no crown ornament or sculpture developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6B1A006C1EF92A934C9510" blockId="3.[812,1485,1201,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[102,775,1770,2026]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="3" pageNumber="586">The root is hemiaulacorhize with two broad, flattened lobes. In lateral view the root is more or less perpendicular to the tooth crown. The root lobes are slightly flared creating a faintly notched crown/root junction in labial view. In basal view, the root is V−shaped with a well−marked labial depression. The root lobes meet lingually to form a massive and broad lingual protuberance. A rather large medio−lingual foramen is present opening in the basal portion of the protuberance. The central foramen is small. There are two pairs of margino−lateral foramina. A rather large foramen opens basally on the surface of one of the root lobes.</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF67667B2C6C1A006F2AF9D695589483" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13392182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13392182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13392182/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" startId="4.[102,132,1582,1601]" targetBox="[190,1396,225,1554]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6C1A006F2AF9D695589483" blockId="4.[102,1485,1582,1717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">
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Fig 2.
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006FECF9D691AD9473" bold="true" box="[160,176,1582,1601]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">A</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6C1A006FF0F9D690419473" box="[188,348,1582,1601]" class="Chondrichthyes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hybodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Hybodontiformes</taxonomicName>
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indet. BGRX 12499; in lateral (A
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<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006DDBF9CF93829477" attach="right" box="[663,671,1591,1605]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">1</subScript>
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, A
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<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006DF7F9CF93DE9477" attach="right" box="[699,707,1591,1605]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">2</subScript>
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) and occlusal (A
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<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006C12F9CF927B9477" attach="left" box="[862,870,1591,1605]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">3</subScript>
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) views. All × 40.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006B47F9D695079473" bold="true" box="[1035,1050,1582,1601]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6C1A006B69F9D695BE9473" authorityName="Muller and Diedrich" authorityYear="1991" box="[1061,1187,1582,1601]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Hemiscylliidae" genus="Pseudospinax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006B69F9D695BE9473" box="[1061,1187,1582,1601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">Pseudospinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
? sp. BGRX 12500, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in occlusal (B
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006EA7F9AB90EE9453" attach="left" box="[491,499,1619,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">1</subScript>
|
||
), lateral (B
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006D2DF9AB93749453" attach="left" box="[609,617,1619,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">2</subScript>
|
||
), and lingual (B
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006C4BF9AB92129453" attach="left" box="[775,783,1619,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">3</subScript>
|
||
) views. All × 80.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006C8FF9B192CE946E" bold="true" box="[963,979,1609,1628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6C1A006CAEF9B295A3946F" box="[994,1214,1610,1629]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Brachaeluridae" genus="Palaeobrachaelurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006CAEF9B29586946F" box="[994,1179,1610,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">Palaeobrachaelurus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
BGRX 12502, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian in labial view (C
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006EA2F99790EB944F" attach="left" box="[494,502,1647,1661]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">1</subScript>
|
||
), × 55, occlusal view (C
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006D99F99793C0944F" attach="left" box="[725,733,1647,1661]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">2</subScript>
|
||
), × 55, lateral view C
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006CEEF99792B7944F" attach="left" box="[930,938,1647,1661]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">3</subScript>
|
||
, × 55, lingual view (C
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006B3AF9979563944F" attach="left" box="[1142,1150,1647,1661]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">4</subScript>
|
||
), × 55, and basal view (C
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006A24F997946D944F" attach="left" box="[1384,1392,1647,1661]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">5</subScript>
|
||
), × 40.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006AFBF99E94DA944B" bold="true" box="[1463,1479,1638,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6C1A006F9BF97A909694A7" authorityName="Kriwet" authorityYear="2003" box="[215,395,1666,1685]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Brachaeluridae" genus="Folipistrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="digitulus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006F9BF97A909694A7" box="[215,395,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">Folipistrix digitulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F579A2C6C1A006EDCF97A930494A7" box="[400,537,1666,1685]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
SMNS 87861, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian; in labial view (D
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006AEAF97394B394AB" attach="right" box="[1446,1454,1675,1689]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">1</subScript>
|
||
), × 50, lateral view (D
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006E5CF95F90059487" attach="right" box="[272,280,1703,1717]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">2</subScript>
|
||
), × 50. lingual view (D
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006EA2F95F90EB9487" attach="right" box="[494,502,1703,1717]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">3</subScript>
|
||
), × 45, latero−lingual view (D
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006C4AF95F92139487" attach="left" box="[774,782,1703,1717]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">4</subScript>
|
||
), × 45, and basal view (D
|
||
<subScript id="179C34B62C6C1A006CB6F95F951F9487" attach="left" box="[1018,1026,1703,1717]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">5</subScript>
|
||
), × 45.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6C1A006FC7F8D493E795F6" blockId="4.[102,775,1770,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A388512C6C1A006FF0F8D490019576" box="[188,284,1836,1860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13232A762C6C1A006E66F8D4909D9576" box="[298,384,1836,1860]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[102,135,1730,1749]" captionTargetBox="[104,1483,225,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[104,1484,225,1702]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. A. Paratype of Folipistrix digitulus gen. et sp. nov. SMNS 87862, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian; in labial view, × 52. B–C. Orectolobiformes, fam. gen. et sp. indet. Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian. B. Specimen SMNS 87863; in labial view, × 85. C. Specimen SMNS 87864; in labial view, × 115. D. Holotype of Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov. BGRX 12503, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (D1), occlusal (D2), lateral (D3), and lingual (D4) views. All × 40. E. Isolated lateral cusplet of Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov., BGR X 12504, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (E1) and lingual (E2) views. Both × 30. F. Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919. Specimen BGRX 12505, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (F 1), lateral (F2), occlusal (F3), and lingual (F4) views. All × 65. G. Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919. Specimen BGRX 12506, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (G 1), lateral (G2), occlusal (G3), and lingual (G4) views. All × 32. H. Protospinax sp. 1. BGRX 12507, Kłęby: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (H 1), lateral (H2), occlusal (H3), and lingual (H4) views. All × 40. J. Protospinax sp. 2. BGRX 12508, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian. Labial view. K. Squalogaleus sp. BGRX 12509, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (K1), lateral (K2), occlusal (K3), and lingual (K4) views. All × 50. L. Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov.? BGRX 12510, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265 m, Callovian. Labial view, × 28. M. Scyliorhinidae indet. BGRX 12511, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265, Callovian; in labial view, × 14. N. Neoselachii indet. BGR X 12512, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265, Callovian; in labial view, × 22." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13392190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13392190/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
) is a fragmentary tooth. Most of the root as well as the basal parts of the crown are heavily damaged. However, the remaining part of the tooth exhibits the general morphology of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A388512C6C1A006EFDF874930B9596" box="[433,534,1932,1956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, although the serration−like appearance of the cutting edges is less pronounced.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6C1A016F2AF82A93E496D2" blockId="4.[102,775,1770,2026]" lastBlockId="5.[102,775,232,1540]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006F2AF82A91FC95DB" box="[102,225,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
.—The overall morphology of the teeth is similar to that of orectolobiforms, e.g., hemiaulacorhize vascularisation pattern, well−developed labial root depression, well−developed labial protuberance not supported by the root. However, the absence of a lingual uvula is unusual for extant orectolobiforms, in which the uvula is supported by the lingual protuberance of the root (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6C1A006BC2F868946E959A" author="Herman, J. & Hovestadt-Euler, M. & Hovestadt, D. C." box="[1166,1395,1936,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" pagination="193 - 254" refId="ref10533" refString="Herman, J., Hovestadt-Euler, M., and Hovestadt, D. C. 1992. Part A: Selachii. No. 4: OrderOrectolobiformes - Families: Brachaeluridae, Ginglymostomidae, Hemiscylliidae, Orectolobidae, Parascylliidae, Rhiniodontidae, Stegostomidae. Order Pristiphoriformes - Family: Pristiophoridae. Order Squatiniformes - Family: Squatinidae. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 65: 193 - 254." type="journal article" year="1992">Herman et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the general tooth morphology the above−described specimens also resemble teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6C1A006B7EF82A958B95DB" box="[1074,1174,2002,2025]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6C1A006B7EF82A958B95DB" box="[1074,1174,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="587">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to some extend. However, the tooth morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016ECEFF1190FB9332" box="[386,486,233,256]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016ECEFF1190FB9332" box="[386,486,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rather simple and very conservative. Consequently many isolated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016D23FEF193CE9312" box="[623,723,265,288]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016D23FEF193CE9312" box="[623,723,265,288]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
−like teeth from the Cretaceous and Jurassic have been assigned to squatinids (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016E51FEB090819353" author="Thies, D." box="[285,412,328,353]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref11086" refString="Thies, D. 1983. Jurazeitliche Neoselachier aus Deutschland und S-England. Courier Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg 58: 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1983">Thies 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016EE4FEB093D49353" author="Batchelor, T. J. & Ward, D." box="[424,713,328,353]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" pagination="181 - 203" refId="ref9419" refString="Batchelor, T. J. and Ward, D. 1990. Fish remains from a temporary exposure of the Hythe Beds (Aptian - Lower Cretaceous) near Godstone, Surrey. Mesozoic Research 2: 181 - 203." type="journal article" year="1990">Batchelor and Ward 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016D99FEB091D193B3" author="Biddle, J. - P." pageId="5" pageNumber="588" pagination="191 - 240" refId="ref9461" refString="Biddle, J. - P. 1993. Les elasmobranches de l'Albien inferieur et moyen (Cretace inferieur) de la Marne et de la Haute Marne (France). Belgian Geological Survey Professional Paper 264: 191 - 240." type="journal article" year="1993">Biddle 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016F95FE91904993B3" author="Rees, J." box="[217,340,361,385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" pagination="59 - 71" refId="ref10935" refString="Rees, J. 2002. Shark fauna and depositional environment of the earliest Cretaceous Vitaback Clays at Eriksdal, southern Sweden. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences 93: 59 - 71." type="journal article" year="2002">Rees 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016E2DFE90933193B3" author="Underwood, C. J." box="[353,556,360,385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" pagination="297 - 325" refId="ref11323" refString="Underwood, C. J. 2002. Sharks, rays and chimeroid from the Kimmeridgian (Late Jurassic) of Ringstead, southern England. Palaeontology 45: 297 - 325." type="journal article" year="2002">Underwood 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This resulted in a taxonomic lumping of similar morphotypes. Leidner and Thies (1999) already pointed out that there might be more genera of squatiniforms present in the Late Jurassic. But the identification of isolated orectolobiform teeth from the Cretaceous and Jurassic also might cause problems. As a result, the true specific composition of orectolobiforms and squatiniforms in the Jurassic and also in the Cretaceous is probably obscured. The teeth of extant squatiniforms and orectolobiforms share some very important features so that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016F2AFD51904B90F3" author="Herman, J. & Hovestadt-Euler, M. & Hovestadt, D. C." box="[102,342,680,705]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" pagination="193 - 254" refId="ref10533" refString="Herman, J., Hovestadt-Euler, M., and Hovestadt, D. C. 1992. Part A: Selachii. No. 4: OrderOrectolobiformes - Families: Brachaeluridae, Ginglymostomidae, Hemiscylliidae, Orectolobidae, Parascylliidae, Rhiniodontidae, Stegostomidae. Order Pristiphoriformes - Family: Pristiophoridae. Order Squatiniformes - Family: Squatinidae. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 65: 193 - 254." type="journal article" year="1992">Herman et al. (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
concluded that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016D43FD51936E90F2" box="[527,627,681,704]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016D43FD51936E90F2" box="[527,627,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could represent an orectolobiform. A very characteristic feature of teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016FC8FD1191F59132" box="[132,232,745,768]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016FC8FD1191F59132" box="[132,232,745,768]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the morphology of the protuberance, which is rounded in basal view and well supported by the root. This pattern is also found in several Cretaceous species. However, in most if not all Jurassic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016ECBFCB1933E9152" box="[391,547,841,864]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016ECBFCB190F69152" box="[391,491,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the labial protuberance is more rectangular and massive and well detached from the root. In addition, the labial root depression is much more pronounced in orectolobiforms than in extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016D20FC51918491D2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016D20FC5193CD91F2" box="[620,720,937,960]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
The taxonomy of Late Jurassic specimens and species referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016FACFC1190599632" box="[224,324,1001,1024]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016FACFC1190599632" box="[224,324,1001,1024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is still in need of revision. The main difference between teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016EC8FBF190F59612" box="[388,488,1033,1056]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squatinidae" genus="Squatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squatiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016EC8FBF190F59612" box="[388,488,1033,1056]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Squatina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the new taxon is the absence of lateral heels, the presence of a well−developed labial root depression and the labial protuberance, which is not supported by the root but well detached from the root depression. Unfortunately, the taxonomy of Jurassic orectolobiforms is still not fully understood. Consequently, the new genus is assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016E00FB30930C96D2" authorityName="Applegate" authorityYear="1972" box="[332,529,1224,1248]" class="Florideophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="order">Orectolobiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
as incertae familiae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016FC7FB1290D89750" blockId="5.[102,775,232,1540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">The teeth resemble those of some carcharhiniforms in the absence of a lingual uvula. However, the overall crown morphology and root vascularisation pattern suggests closer relationships with orectolobiforms.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016FC7FA94907B9436" blockId="5.[102,775,232,1540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">
|
||
The crown morphology resembles those of some other extant galeomorphs to some extent (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016D5CFA7593409796" box="[528,605,1421,1444]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dalatiidae" genus="Isistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016D5CFA7593409796" box="[528,605,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Isistius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016D27FA7493E29796" box="[619,767,1420,1444]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Carcharodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016D27FA7493E29796" box="[619,767,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Carcharodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D702C6D1A016F2AFA5491E797F6" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1951" box="[102,250,1452,1476]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Pterolamiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016F2AFA5491E797F6" box="[102,250,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Pterolamiops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and is indicative for a cutting−type dentition. A cutting−type dentition also occurs in larger extant orectolobiforms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B022C6D1A016FF8FA1490449436" author="Cappetta, H." box="[180,345,1516,1540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588" refId="ref9595" refString="Cappetta, H. 1987. Chondrichthyes II - Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii. In: H. - P. Schultze (ed.), Handbookof Paleoichthyology 3 B. 193 pp. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York." type="book" year="1987">Cappetta 1987</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016F2AF9C8909D947E" blockId="5.[102,384,1583,1647]" box="[102,384,1583,1612]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Fam. gen. et sp. indet.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016F2AF9A191CD945D" blockId="5.[102,384,1583,1647]" box="[102,208,1625,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">
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<figureCitation id="13232A762C6D1A016F2AF9A191D0945D" box="[102,205,1625,1647]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[102,135,1730,1749]" captionTargetBox="[104,1483,225,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[104,1484,225,1702]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. A. Paratype of Folipistrix digitulus gen. et sp. nov. SMNS 87862, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian; in labial view, × 52. B–C. Orectolobiformes, fam. gen. et sp. indet. Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW Germany, Dogger α, lower Aalenian. B. Specimen SMNS 87863; in labial view, × 85. C. Specimen SMNS 87864; in labial view, × 115. D. Holotype of Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov. BGRX 12503, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (D1), occlusal (D2), lateral (D3), and lingual (D4) views. All × 40. E. Isolated lateral cusplet of Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov., BGR X 12504, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (E1) and lingual (E2) views. Both × 30. F. Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919. Specimen BGRX 12505, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (F 1), lateral (F2), occlusal (F3), and lingual (F4) views. All × 65. G. Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919. Specimen BGRX 12506, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (G 1), lateral (G2), occlusal (G3), and lingual (G4) views. All × 32. H. Protospinax sp. 1. BGRX 12507, Kłęby: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (H 1), lateral (H2), occlusal (H3), and lingual (H4) views. All × 40. J. Protospinax sp. 2. BGRX 12508, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian. Labial view. K. Squalogaleus sp. BGRX 12509, Kłęby 1/37: 244.8–245.7 m, Callovian; in labial (K1), lateral (K2), occlusal (K3), and lingual (K4) views. All × 50. L. Synechodus prorogatus sp. nov.? BGRX 12510, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265 m, Callovian. Labial view, × 28. M. Scyliorhinidae indet. BGRX 12511, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265, Callovian; in labial view, × 14. N. Neoselachii indet. BGR X 12512, Kłęby 1/37: 253.6–~265, Callovian; in labial view, × 22." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13392190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13392190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Fig. 3B, C</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016F2AF97D93C994EC" blockId="5.[102,775,1669,1758]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016F2AF97D91D594AF" box="[102,200,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Material</emphasis>
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.—Two isolated tooth crowns (SMNS 87863, SMNS 87864), “Opalinuston”, Dogger α, lower Aalenian, Middle Jurassic, Weilen unter den Rinnen, SW
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<collectingCountry id="F30F76632C6D1A016D2BF93E93D294EC" box="[615,719,1734,1758]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Germany</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016F2AF90A941B9312" blockId="5.[102,775,1778,2026]" lastBlockId="5.[812,1485,232,740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAE12C6D1A016F2AF90A91D59538" box="[102,200,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Remarks</emphasis>
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.—Two very small isolated tooth crowns resemble those found in orectolobiform sharks. Both specimens are damaged and completely lack the root. The crowns are broadened mesio−distally with a very convex basal edge in labial view giving specimen SMNS 87863 a dagger−like appearance. The main cusp of this specimen is rather short and slender. There is a pair of small, slender and pointed lateral cusplets diverging slightly from the main cusp. The cutting edge is continuous between main and lateral cusplets. The labial crown face is narrow in lateral aspect.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016C1EFED2952E9030" blockId="5.[812,1485,232,740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">The second specimen (SMNS 87864), as far as can be reconstructed, resembles the first specimen. However, the basal edge of the labial face seems to be straighter and the main cusp is slightly bent distally. This may indicate a lateral jaw position whereas specimen SMNS 87863 might come from an anterior to antero−lateral position. Both tooth crowns are completely smooth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F32C6D1A016C1EFDF4956290D6" blockId="5.[812,1485,232,740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="588">Identification on familiar, generic or even specific level of both specimens is impossible. Both specimens are very small and have been recovered only because of using a very small mesh width during sieving. Whether they represent teeth of juvenile or adult specimens is not discernable. Because of the small size, at least specimen SMNS 87864 may represent a juvenile specimen.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |