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<document id="ECCCC9BAE39E528586EAD08163DBD314" ID-CLB-Dataset="263342" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67e7a105-1f62-414a-83d9-f758039eb726" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958937" ID-ZooBank="F9834684-24D3-4795-B5EB-77B451DF856D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1684793492880" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang &amp; Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2023" docId="038776236209FFB22DEFB2ECFF055C3F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5286.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5286 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica Shi &amp; Liang 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FFBE0E5B6246FFE32D78B27BFFE75D5A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1699506634024" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="1F0968F8EBBF66461AC7319B65C6130E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="EA927B2E22E564710456FD41866A2467">Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4FA30E9F2F76BB0849D4AEE8C46BB6BC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A5D0F02D7676EABE3CDC2A544B016316">Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="23C5C0FBC0882D9331AB267833EC62FE" type="email">shihl@bjfu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8F311CBC314E431A225109E3C6DDC87F">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D1340ED7CF75F12204E95E9B6A5A138B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="58D19B784D0D827B9DE10A9098EECB06">
<mods:date id="738C9F59DEFE247D4D1CC4CD447A7444">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5D0BEDA73B995B0347D259101FC3A397">2023-05-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6B003ADA18D7C62C80F42F193A9B2820" type="volume">
<mods:number id="ED3020814101AFE451E6331D9E3D994F">5286</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5F353C9E1F2EDA4DEDF8033E1335A8BF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A5ED6BE34AB29CB7F4B404674D888686" type="CLB-Dataset">263342</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BB113006EA38325DE71F0FCEB6839CC4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038776236209FFB22DEFB2ECFF055C3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963761" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209628991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7963761" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236209FFB22DEFB2ECFF055C3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038776236209FFB22DEFB2ECFF055C3F" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6209FFAC2DEFB2ECFD365DEB" box="[151,721,151,178]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DEFB2ECFD365DEB" blockId="79.[151,721,151,213]" box="[151,721,151,178]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DEFB2ECFD365DEB" bold="true" box="[151,721,151,178]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
[22]
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2DB7B2ECFD8C5DEB" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[207,619,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DB7B2ECFEC05DEB" bold="true" box="[207,295,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C40B2ECFE3A5DE8" bold="true" box="[312,477,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C96B2ECFD8C5DEB" bold="true" box="[494,619,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2F0BB2ECFD365DEB" box="[627,721,151,177]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6209FFAC2DEFB2C0FD925D8F" box="[151,629,187,213]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DEFB2C0FD925D8F" blockId="79.[151,721,151,213]" box="[151,629,187,213]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
Habitus:
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06209FFAC2D85B2C0FE835D8F" box="[253,356,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1033,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-424@79.[192,1396,1029,1668]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n. and Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n. A Holotype of Parena gonggaica sp. n. B Holotype of Parena triguttata sp. n. C Paratype of Parena triguttata sp. n. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959033/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
. Male genitalia:
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06209FFAC2F66B2C0FD965D8F" box="[542,625,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="80.[151,250,992,1016]" captionTargetBox="[204,1389,194,960]" captionTargetId="figure-28@80.[189,1398,181,968]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 48. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n., right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, holotype. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959035/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6209FFAC2DEFB378FC7B5CD3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DEFB378FBC25C44" blockId="79.[151,1437,259,1006]" box="[151,1061,259,286]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686209FFAC2DEFB378FBC65C44" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871439" box="[151,1057,259,286]" county="Luding County" elevation="1940" latitude="29.605" location="Hailuogou" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="102.08" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DEFB378FED15C47" bold="true" box="[151,310,259,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<typeStatus id="549579976209FFAC2DEFB378FF355C47" box="[151,210,259,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76209FFAC2C44B378FE7E5C47" box="[316,409,259,285]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F0BFB96209FFAC2CDDB378FDB75C47" box="[421,592,259,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Luding County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EF191EE6209FFAC2F23B378FD335C47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236209FFB22DEFB2ECFF055C3F:8EF191EE6209FFAC2F23B378FD335C47" box="[603,724,259,285]" county="Luding County" latitude="29.605" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="102.08" name="Hailuogou" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" stateProvince="Sichuan">Hailuogou</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26209FFAC2FA7B378FCA45C44" box="[735,835,259,286]" degrees="29.605" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" precision="55" value="29.605">N29.605</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26209FFAC2E36B378FC5A5C47" box="[846,957,259,285]" degrees="102.080" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" precision="55" value="102.08">E102.080</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD66AD06209FFAC2EB1B378FBC65C44" box="[969,1057,259,286]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="1940.0">
<elevation id="000320066209FFAC2EB1B378FBC65C44" box="[969,1057,259,286]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DBFB35CFC7B5CD3" blockId="79.[151,1437,259,1006]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DBFB35CFE8A5C1B" bold="true" box="[199,365,295,321]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Type material</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C02B35CFE005C1B" bold="true" box="[378,487,295,321]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<typeStatus id="549579976209FFAC2C02B35CFE005C1B" box="[378,487,295,321]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(IZAS,
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06209FFAC2F3AB35CFD4D5C1B" box="[578,682,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1033,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-424@79.[192,1396,1029,1668]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n. and Parena (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n. A Holotype of Parena gonggaica sp. n. B Holotype of Parena triguttata sp. n. C Paratype of Parena triguttata sp. n. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959033/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
): male, body length =
<quantity id="4CD66AD06209FFAC2EE7B35CFC115C18" box="[927,1014,295,322]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
, board mounted, &quot;Hailuogou, Luding,
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76209FFAC2DEFB330FF165C3F" box="[151,241,331,357]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
/
<date id="FF90E1F56209FFAC2C70B330FE725C3F" box="[264,405,331,357]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2007-07-27">27-VII-2007</date>
/ alt.
<quantity id="4CD66AD06209FFAC2CB6B330FDC25C3C" box="[462,549,331,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</quantity>
Liu, Zhang, Zhou, &amp; Bi lgt.&quot; [in Chinese], &quot;
<typeStatus id="549579976209FFAC2961B330FB565C3F" box="[1049,1201,331,357]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC29BFB337FF2C5CD3" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bothynoptera">Parena (Bothynoptera)</taxonomicName>
/ gonggaica
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2C22B30BFE565CD0" box="[346,433,368,394]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/ des. Shi H.L. 2022&quot; [red label] &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06209FFAC2E4DB314FC6F5CD3" box="[821,904,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="80.[151,250,992,1016]" captionTargetBox="[204,1389,194,960]" captionTargetId="figure-28@80.[189,1398,181,968]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 48. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) gonggaica sp. n., right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, holotype. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959035/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
&gt;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6209FFAC2DBFB3E8FDDE5EB7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DBFB3E8FEAA5F64" blockId="79.[151,1437,259,1006]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DBFB3E8FE2D5CF7" bold="true" box="[199,458,403,429]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
. Dorsum reddish yellow, elytra with four black spots: a pair of basal spots distant from elytra base, not covering first discal pore; a pair of subapical spots adjacent to interval 1, each of them large and oblique-rounded, divergent from each other toward the elytral base, interval 1 yellow between the two subapical spots; labrum apex straight; median lobe of aedeagus well narrowed at apex, apical lamella narrow and long, LL subequal to LW.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DBFB03CFDDE5EB7" blockId="79.[151,1437,259,1006]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DBFB03CFE815F3B" bold="true" box="[199,358,583,609]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Comparisons</emphasis>
. The new species is distinguished in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2EF0B03CFBC75F3B" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[904,1056,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2EF0B03CFBC75F3B" box="[904,1056,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its unique elytra pattern. It is most similar to another new species,
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2F47B017FD215FDF" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[575,710,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2F47B017FD215FDF" box="[575,710,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. triguttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2FB6B010FCE85FDF" bold="true" box="[718,783,619,645]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2FB6B010FCE85FDF" box="[718,783,619,645]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, which may be sympatric with it. These two new species differ as follows: (1) in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2CD0B0EBFDDC5FF3" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[424,571,656,681]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2CD0B0EBFDDC5FF3" box="[424,571,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the dorsal background color is dark reddish yellow, but in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC299CB0EBFA855FF3" box="[1252,1378,656,681]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigutata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC299CB0EBFA855FF3" box="[1252,1378,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. trigutata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is vivid reddish yellow, slightly brighter than
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2F04B0CFFCE95F97" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[636,782,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2F04B0CFFCE95F97" box="[636,782,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2E6DB0C8FCB25F97" bold="true" box="[789,853,691,717]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2E6DB0C8FCB25F97" box="[789,853,691,717]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; (2) in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2ED0B0CFFBDE5F97" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[936,1081,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2ED0B0CFFBDE5F97" box="[936,1081,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the elytra basal spots are more distant from elytra base, not covering first discal pore on interval 3, but in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2EA8B0A3FBAB5FAB" box="[976,1100,728,753]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigutata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2EA8B0A3FBAB5FAB" box="[976,1100,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. trigutata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basal spots cover the first discal pore; (3) in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2C19B087FE165E4F" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[353,497,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C19B087FE165E4F" box="[353,497,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the elytra subapical patch (composed of two nearly adjacent spots) is concave at the anterior margin, and the interval 1 is yellow between the patches, but in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2EC0B15BFBD25E63" box="[952,1077,800,825]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigutata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2EC0B15BFBD25E63" box="[952,1077,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. trigutata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the subapical patch is extended anteriorly at its anterior margin, and the first interval is black inside the patch; and (4) in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC29F8B13FFAF55E07" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[1152,1298,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC29F8B13FFAF55E07" box="[1152,1298,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the median lobe of the aedeagus is more narrowed toward the apex and apical lamella is longer, LL equal to LW, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2DEFB1F7FEF25EFF" box="[151,277,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigutata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DEFB1F7FEF25EFF" box="[151,277,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. trigutata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the apical lamella is shorter, LW much greater than LL. There are other two species (
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC29A3B1F7FAB65EFF" authorityName="Hua. A" authorityYear="2002" box="[1243,1361,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwana">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC29A3B1F7FAB65EFF" box="[1243,1361,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. taiwana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC28F0B1F7FEF05E93" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC28F0B1F7FEF05E93" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. emarginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C67B1D4FEB85E93" bold="true" box="[287,351,943,969]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2C67B1D4FEB85E93" box="[287,351,943,969]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) that also have four black patches on the elytra, but in these species the subapical spots are well separated, not adjacent to the middle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5197BD6209FFAC2DEFB4E7FA965B82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959033/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,250,1692,1716]" targetBox="[201,1387,1033,1657]" targetPageId="79" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356209FFAC2DEFB4E7FA965B82" blockId="79.[151,1436,1692,1753]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DEFB4E7FEFD5BEE" bold="true" box="[151,282,1692,1716]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 47</emphasis>
. Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2CE2B4E6FD1F5BEE" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[410,760,1692,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2CE2B4E6FE035BEE" box="[410,484,1693,1716]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C8CB4E7FD995BEE" box="[500,638,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2FF5B4E6FD1F5BEE" box="[653,760,1693,1716]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2E78B4E7FCDD5BEE" bold="true" box="[768,826,1692,1716]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2E78B4E7FCDD5BEE" box="[768,826,1692,1716]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2E15B4E6FB275BEE" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[877,1216,1692,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2E15B4E6FC505BEE" box="[877,951,1693,1716]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2EBEB4E7FBB75BEE" box="[966,1104,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2918B4E6FB275BEE" box="[1120,1216,1693,1716]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">triguttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC29BFB4E7FAFD5BEE" bold="true" box="[1223,1306,1692,1716]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC29BFB4E7FAE65BEE" box="[1223,1281,1692,1716]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2DEFB4BAFEB55B82" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,338,1729,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2DEFB4BAFEB55B82" box="[151,338,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Parena gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2C20B4BBFE4E5B82" bold="true" box="[344,425,1728,1752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2C20B4BBFE765B82" box="[344,401,1728,1752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
B
</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2F57B4BAFD385B82" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[559,735,1729,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2F57B4BAFD385B82" box="[559,735,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Parena triguttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2F9DB4BBFCD15B82" bold="true" box="[741,822,1728,1752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2F9DB4BBFCF95B82" box="[741,798,1728,1752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
C
</emphasis>
Paratype of
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66209FFAC2EC0B4BAFB805B82" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[952,1127,1729,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2EC0B4BAFB805B82" box="[952,1127,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Parena triguttata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276209FFAC2916B4BBFB405B82" bold="true" box="[1134,1191,1728,1752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6209FFAC2916B4BBFB405B82" box="[1134,1191,1728,1752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Scale bars = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5197BD6216FFB32DEFB19BFD2E5946" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7959035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959035/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" startId="80.[151,250,992,1016]" targetBox="[204,1389,194,960]" targetPageId="80" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356216FFB32DEFB19BFD2E5946" blockId="80.[151,1437,992,1052]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32DEFB19BFEFF5EA2" bold="true" box="[151,280,992,1016]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 48</emphasis>
. Median lobe of male genitalia for
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66216FFB32F01B19AFC345EA2" authority="Shi &amp; Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[633,979,992,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32F01B19AFD245EA2" box="[633,707,993,1016]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32FA8B19BFCBD5EA2" box="[720,858,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32E10B19AFC345EA2" box="[872,979,993,1016]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32EA0B19BFBF75EA2" bold="true" box="[984,1040,992,1016]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6216FFB32EA0B19BFBF75EA2" box="[984,1040,992,1016]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views, holotype. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6216FFB22DBFB631FC415D8F" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356216FFB22DBFB631FC415D8F" blockId="80.[151,1437,1098,2025]" lastBlockId="81.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32DBFB631FEB6593E" bold="true" box="[199,337,1098,1124]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Description</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="4CD66AD06216FFB32C88B631FDAE593F" box="[496,585,1098,1125]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
; body relatively narrow for the genus; dorsum without microsculpture.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32811B631FF5159D2" bold="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Color.</emphasis>
Dorsum mostly dark reddish yellow; frons with a triangular light patch, clypeus yellow, mouthparts, and antennae yellow, apices of mandibles dark. Pronotum slightly lighter on lateral explanations and subbasal region. Elytra base dark reddish yellow, gradually graded to light reddish yellow at basal fourth of inner intervals and to half of outer intervals; elytra with four black spots: a pair of basal spots far distant from elytra base, length between first and second setigerous pore on interval 3, extended from interval 4 to inner half of interval 6; a pair of subapical spots adjacent to elytral interval 1, each of them large and oblique-rounded, at widest point extended to inner half of interval 6, divergent from each other toward the elytral base, interval 1 yellow between them. Scutellum, epipleura, legs and venter reddish yellow.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32C86B711FDD958DE" bold="true" box="[510,574,1386,1412]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Head</emphasis>
glabrous on vertex and occiput; eyes large and strongly prominent; tempora short, abruptly narrowed behind eyes, length of tempora plus neck-constriction approximately one-third of diameter of eye; postgenae with a pair of suborbital setae, as long as supraorbital setae. Antennae extended beyond elytral base by length of only one antennomere. Labrum nearly quadrate, apex straight; mandibles short and wide; mentum with a pair of long median setae, lateral lobes short, apex narrow, inner margins strongly oblique, outer margins rounded, epilobes rather wide.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32C80B465FD965B62" bold="true" box="[504,625,1566,1592]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Pronotum</emphasis>
nearly rectangular, PW/PL = 1.40, about same width as head, PW/HW = 1.03, widest at anterior third, lateral explanations slightly wide; lateral margins fully rounded at anterior half and then narrowed to base with distinct sinuation before posterior angles; posterior angles weakly pointed outwards, forming rectangular angles with rounded apex; anterior margin nearly straight at middle; posterior margin oblique at sides; disc convex, with very fine transverse wrinkles.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32E76B4D5FCBD5B92" bold="true" box="[782,858,1710,1736]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Elytra</emphasis>
weakly convex, slightly dilated to apex. Striae shallowly incised, with rows of fine punctures, striae absent at elytra apical eighth; intervals slightly convex, with sparse fine punctures. Disc without depression, lateral sides slightly depressed near anterior third. Elytral basal pore present on base of stria 1; interval 3 with three discal setigerous pores: first one on a level much behind scutellar apex, adjacent to stria 3; second one slightly before middle, adjacent to stria 3; third one on apical eighth, adjacent to stria 2; interval 9 with 18–19 umbilicular pores. Apical truncation indistinct, evenly rounded, sutural angles indistinct.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32DEFB5FDFF005AFA" bold="true" box="[151,231,1926,1952]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Venter</emphasis>
. In male, apex of abdominal sternite VII straight, with two setae on each side. Male with biseriate adhesive setae on apical end of mesotarsomere 2 and apical two-thirds of mesotarsomere 3.
<emphasis id="B95A1B276216FFB32929B5D1FB1A5A9E" bold="true" box="[1105,1277,1962,1988]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Median lobe of aedeagus very stout, AL/AW = 3.7; in lateral view, ventral margin weakly expanded near middle, apical lamella slightly bent to dorsum; in dorsal view, apex strongly narrowed and bent to right, apical lamella narrow, LL subequal to LW. Endophallus with squamate sac not divided. Female unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6217FFB22DBFB2A5FAA75DA3" box="[199,1344,222,249]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DBFB2A5FAA75DA3" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,357]" box="[199,1344,222,249]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DBFB2A5FEBE5DA2" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06217FFB22C10B2A4FE545DA3" box="[360,435,223,249]" captionStart="MAP 8" captionStartId="65.[152,211,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,802,1680]" captionTargetId="figure-242@65.[180,1408,802,1680]" captionText="MAP 8. Distributions for species in the Parena (Bothynoptera) tripunctata group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963675/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Map 8</figureCitation>
, cyan).
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56217FFB22F74B2A4FDA85DA3" box="[524,591,223,249]" name="China" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76217FFB22F26B2A4FD585DA3" box="[606,703,223,249]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
). Only known by the
<typeStatus id="549579976217FFB22ED7B2A4FBF65DA3" box="[943,1041,223,249]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected from Hailuogou.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6217FFB22DBFB378FF055C3F" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356217FFB22DBFB378FF055C3F" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22DBFB378FEAF5C47" bold="true" box="[199,328,259,285]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Etymology</emphasis>
. The scientific name of the new species &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66217FFB22E5CB378FC7D5C46" authorityName="Shi &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[804,922,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gonggaica">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276217FFB22E5CB378FC7D5C46" box="[804,922,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">gonggaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; is derived from the
<typeStatus id="549579976217FFB229F7B378FB585C47" box="[1167,1215,259,285]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">type</typeStatus>
locality of the new species. It was collected from the foot of the famous mountain, Gongga Mt. in the central part of
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76217FFB229A9B35CFA7F5C1B" box="[1233,1432,295,321]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56217FFB22DEFB330FF395C3F" box="[151,222,331,357]" name="China" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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