257 lines
17 KiB
XML
257 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.65563" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3053a769-23d9-4bdd-a263-2a906fa71fa0" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-87-5" ID-Pensoft-UUID="28A860579B6F5F42B8835BFDFA9C71DB" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5811327" ID-ZooBank="AC960296269742468E20BB61AA1AADBF" ModsDocID="1314-2607-87-5" checkinTime="1640348344306" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Awad, Jessica, Bremer, Jonathan S., Butterill, Philip T., Moore, Matthew R. & Talamas, Elijah J." docDate="2021" docId="FC4FE82FD7D65442BF4AF2B9832E78C9" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 87: 5-65" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 87" docPubDate="2021-12-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.65563" docTitle="Synopeas psychotriae Buhl 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="28A860579B6F5F42B8835BFDFA9C71DB" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="28A860579B6F5F42B8835BFDFA9C71DB" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic treatment of Synopeas Foerster (Platygastridae, Platygastrinae) from the island of New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1678757023542" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic treatment of Synopeas Foerster (Platygastridae, Platygastrinae) from the island of New Guinea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Awad, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6441-4016</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart. Rosenstein 1, 70191, Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jessica.awad@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bremer, Jonathan S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>FDACS-DPI. 1911 SW 34</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Butterill, Philip T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5554-6591</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>th & St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>FDACS-DPI. 1911 SW 34</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Talamas, Elijah J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-6345</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>FDACS-DPI. 1911 SW 34</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-12-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>87</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>5</mods:start>
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<mods:end>65</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.65563</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.65563</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-87-5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AC960296269742468E20BB61AA1AADBF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">28A860579B6F5F42B8835BFDFA9C71DB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5811327</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191737818" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC4FE82FD7D65442BF4AF2B9832E78C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC4FE82FD7D65442BF4AF2B9832E78C9" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName LSID="FC4FE82F-D7D6-5442-BF4A-F2B9832E78C9" authority="Buhl, 2013" authorityName="Buhl" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Synopeas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synopeas psychotriae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psychotriae">Synopeas psychotriae Buhl, 2013</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Body length 1.3-1.4 mm. Body color: dark brown. Color of legs: coxae brown, otherwise yellow. Color of mesoscutellar spine: concolorous with mesoscutellar disc.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Head.</emphasis>
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Shape of head in anterior view: circular; slightly ovoid. Central keel: complete and weakly developed. Sculpture on frons: reticulate microsculpture. Epitorular sculpture: minute rugulae; reticulate microsculpture. Number of clypeal setae: 4. Length of median pair of clypeal setae: longer than lateral pair. Arrangement of clypeal setae: medial setae closer to each other than to lateral setae. Shape of mandible: bidentate. Distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye (OOL): less than 1 ocellar diameter. Hyperoccipital carina: complete. Hyperoccipital carina strength: uniformly weak. Distance between lateral ocellus and hyperoccipital carina: less than 1 ocellar diameter; approximately 1 ocellar diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
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Epomial carina: present, complete or nearly so. Microsculpture of lateral pronotum: present dorsally, absent ventrally. Lateral pronotal sculpture coverage: 1/4 to 1/2. Mesoscutellar spine: short and pointed. Mesoscutellar spine in lateral view: pointing posteriorly; angled posterodorsally. Posterior margin of lateral propodeal carina in lateral view: pointed dorsally and ventrally. Mesosomal dorsum in lateral view: convex. Notauli: unmarked or faintly suggested. Parapsidal lines: well impressed. Setation of mesoscutum: sparse. Mesoscutal lamella: broad and square. Setation of mesoscutellum: laterally dense, medially sparse.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="5811389" doi="10.3897/jhr.87.65563.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/625624" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Figure 37.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Buhl" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Synopeas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synopeas psychotriae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psychotriae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Synopeas psychotriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(male specimen; FSCA 00090261)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
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lateral habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
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dorsal habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
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ventral habitus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Metasoma.</emphasis>
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Microsculpture of S2: narrow band at posterior margin. Sculpture of T2: absent; narrow transverse band of microsculpture at posterior margin. Length of T2: shorter than mesosoma; approximately as long as mesosoma.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length of setae on disc of forewing: shorter than distance between setal bases. Density of setae on disc of forewing: sparse. Arrangement of setae on disc of forewing: setose distally, glabrous proximally. Forewing marginal setae: approximately uniform in length on anterior and posterior margins.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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The parapsidal lines of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. psychotriae" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="psychotriae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. psychotriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are well impressed (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Dorsal mesosoma showing parapsidal lines A S. psychotriae (FSCA 00090261) B S. butterilli (FSCA 00090264). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.87.65563.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/625607" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">20A</figureCitation>
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), distinguishing it from the similar
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. luli" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="luli">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. luli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which has unmarked or very faint parapsidal lines. The metasomal microsculpture of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. psychotriae" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="psychotriae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. psychotriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is minimal, being absent or restricted to very narrow bands at the posterior margins of each segment, whereas
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. sanga" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="sanga">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. sanga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. occultum" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="occultum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. occultum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. kira" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="kira">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. kira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have more extensive metasomal sculpturing (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Sculpture of metasomal sternite 2 A S. sanga (FSCA 00000399) B S. occultum (FSCA 00090403) C S. roncavei (FSCA 00090249) D S. kira (FSCA 00000398) E S. codex (FSCA 00034030) F S. luli (FSCA 00090412). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.87.65563.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/625593" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">6</figureCitation>
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). There is no central keel, but rather an impressed line running from the toruli to the median ocellus. The mesoscutellar spine may be angled posteriorly or posterodorsally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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The female types of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. psychotriae" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="psychotriae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">S. psychotriae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a posterodorsally pointed mesoscutellar spine. The male specimen has a posteriorly pointed mesoscutellar spine, while that of the female from the same gall is posterodorsally pointed. The angle of the mesoscutellar spine may be sexually dimorphic in this species, but more specimens are needed for confirmation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="plant associations">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Plant associations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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Reared from galls on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria ramuensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramuensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Psychotria ramuensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-01-27" collectingDateMax="2011-04-05" collectingDateMin="2011-01-27" collectorName="Philip Butterill" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-5.133333" location="Madang" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="145.78334" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Madang" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<collectingCountry name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang">Madang</collectingRegion>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.133333">5°08'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="145" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="145.78334">145°47'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2011-01-27" valueMax="2011-04-05" valueMin="2011-01-27">27.I-5.IV.2011</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>Philip Butterill</collectorName>
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leg.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria ramuensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramuensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Psychotria ramuensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(USNMENT01335972)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-01-27" collectingDateMax="2011-04-05" collectingDateMin="2011-01-27" collectorName="Philip Butterill" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-5.133333" location="Madang" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="145.78334" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Madang" typeStatus="Paratype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<collectingCountry name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang">Madang</collectingRegion>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.133333">5°08'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="145" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="145.78334">145°47'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2011-01-27" valueMax="2011-04-05" valueMin="2011-01-27">27.I-5.IV.2011</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>Philip Butterill</collectorName>
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leg.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria ramuensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramuensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Psychotria ramuensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(USNMENT01335982)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Other material</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-02-22" collectorName="Philip Butterill" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-5.233" location="Ohu" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="145.686" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Morobe">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<collectingCountry name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe">Morobe</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC4FE82FD7D65442BF4AF2B9832E78C9:F305BB0A8DD655130AF6E315ECE4BCEC" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-5.233" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="145.686" name="Ohu" stateProvince="Morobe">Ohu</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.233" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-5.233">5.233°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="145.686" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="145.686">145.686°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2011-02-22">22.II.2011</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>Philip Butterill</collectorName>
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leg.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria ramuensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramuensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Psychotria ramuensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (FSCA 00090261, 00094619)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |