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<mods:title id="EEA7FABC45F3E41ECBF074A450756E11">Redescription of Rhyacophila clemens Tsuda 1940 (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae), with descriptions of five new, allied species from Japan</mods:title>
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<heading id="EB0B81D0F7271174FF4CC19BFD56A0F9" bold="true" box="[151,708,1734,1761]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7271174FF4CC19BFD56A0F9" ID-CoL="4SNVH" authority="Kumanski 1990" authorityName="Kumanski" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,708,1734,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumgangsanica">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7271174FF4CC19BFD56A0F9" bold="true" box="[151,708,1734,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7271174FF4CC19BFE6AA0F8" bold="true" box="[151,504,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Rhyacophila kumgangsanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7271174FE24C19BFD56A0F9" author="Kumanski, K." box="[511,708,1734,1760]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" pagination="36 - 60" refId="ref17831" refString="Kumanski, K. (1990) Studies on the fauna of Trichoptera (Insecta) of Korea. I. Superfamily Rhyacophiloidea. Historia Naturalis Bulgarica, 2, 36 - 60." type="journal article" year="1990">Kumanski 1990</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F8E66537F7271174FF4CC1B6FEA1A11C" box="[151,307,1771,1797]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="description">
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7271174FF4CC1B6FEA1A11C" blockId="17.[151,708,1734,1797]" box="[151,307,1771,1797]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
(
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7271174FF44C1B6FEB9A11C" box="[159,299,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Figs 8A8D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8E66537F7271174FF4CC072FDC3A1CB" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7271174FF4CC072FECDA17F" blockId="17.[151,1436,1839,1894]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7271174FF4CC072FDF9A15E" ID-CoL="4SNVH" authority="Kumanski 1990" authorityName="Kumanski" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,619,1839,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumgangsanica">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7271174FF4CC072FE2CA15E" box="[151,446,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Rhyacophila kumgangsanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7271174FE1DC072FDF9A15E" author="Kumanski, K." box="[454,619,1839,1863]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" pagination="36 - 60" refId="ref17831" refString="Kumanski, K. (1990) Studies on the fauna of Trichoptera (Insecta) of Korea. I. Superfamily Rhyacophiloidea. Historia Naturalis Bulgarica, 2, 36 - 60." type="journal article" year="1990">Kumanski 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 4142, male (
<typeStatus id="6F47881EF7271174FCDEC072FCABA15E" box="[773,825,1839,1863]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Mt. Kumgang-san in
<collectingCountry id="C8EB762CF7271174FBA2C072FB6DA15E" box="[1145,1279,1839,1863]" name="North Korea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">North Korea</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7271174FAC9C072FF6EA17F" author="Park, S. J. &amp; Kong, D." pageId="17" pageNumber="72" pagination="288 - 323" refId="ref18276" refString="Park, S. J. &amp; Kong, D. (2020) A checklist of Trichoptera (Insecta) of the Korean Peninsula. Journal of Species Research, 9 (3), 288 - 323. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2020.9.3.288" type="journal article" year="2020">Park &amp; Kong 2020</bibRefCitation>
, 300, list.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7271174FF4CC0C9FDC3A1CB" blockId="17.[151,1437,1940,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7271174FF4CC0C9FE06A1B7" bold="true" box="[151,404,1940,1966]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="00943CE1F7271174FE43C0C9FDDFA1CB" collectingDate="2014-06-03" collectionCode="T" country="South Korea" elevation="250" latitude="37.93639" location="Myeonji Mt. valley" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.480835" municipality="Gapyeong-gun" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">
<specimenCount id="A6FAFD35F7271174FE43C0C9FE7CA1B7" box="[408,494,1940,1966]" count="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B5236067F7271174FE2CC0C9FD59A1B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:385587AAF7271177FF4CC19BFCECA06F:B5236067F7271174FE2CC0C9FD59A1B7" box="[503,715,1940,1967]" country="South Korea" latitude="37.93639" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.480835" municipality="Gapyeong-gun" name="Myeonji Mt. valley" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">Myeonji Mt. valley</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5027ACC6F7271174FD0FC0C9FCEFA1B7" box="[724,893,1940,1966]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Gapyeong-gun</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="7238F85EF7271174FC5DC0C9FB8FA1B7" box="[902,1053,1940,1966]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C8EB762CF7271174FBFEC0C8FBFEA1B6" box="[1061,1132,1941,1967]" name="South Korea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D5C8507BF7271174FBAEC0C9FB6FA1B6" box="[1141,1277,1940,1967]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" precision="15" seconds="11" value="37.93639">37°5611”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D5C8507BF7271174FADAC0C9FA0AA1B6" box="[1281,1432,1940,1967]" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" precision="15" seconds="51" value="127.480835">127°2851”E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="77049B59F7271174FF1AC0E5FE98A1CA" box="[193,266,1976,2003]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="250.0">
<elevation id="3BD1D18FF7271174FF1AC0E5FE98A1CA" box="[193,266,1976,2003]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C442107CF7271174FECDC0E5FE10A1CB" box="[278,386,1976,2002]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" value="2014-06-03">
<collectingDate id="D406E994F7271174FECDC0E5FE10A1CB" box="[278,386,1976,2002]" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" value="2014-06-03">3.vi.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6EDAE79F7271174FE56C0E4FE0DA1CA" box="[397,415,1977,2003]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">T</collectionCode>
. Nozaki (NKa)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E4836634F7241177FF4CC338FB8FA2B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" startId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" targetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7241177FF4CC338FB8FA2B8" blockId="18.[151,1436,1125,1186]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FF4CC338FC90A264" bold="true" box="[151,770,1125,1149]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
FIGURE 8.
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7241177FEC7C338FC90A264" authority="Kumanski 1990" authorityName="Kumanski" authorityYear="1990" box="[284,770,1125,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumgangsanica">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FEC7C338FDDDA264" bold="true" box="[284,591,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Rhyacophila kumgangsanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7241177FD8CC338FC90A264" author="Kumanski, K." box="[599,770,1125,1149]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" pagination="36 - 60" refId="ref17831" refString="Kumanski, K. (1990) Studies on the fauna of Trichoptera (Insecta) of Korea. I. Superfamily Rhyacophiloidea. Historia Naturalis Bulgarica, 2, 36 - 60." type="journal article" year="1990">Kumanski 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F8E66537F7241177FF1CC392FAC1A2F3" box="[199,1363,1231,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7241177FF1CC392FAC1A2F3" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,1654]" box="[199,1363,1231,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FF1CC392FEF3A2F0" bold="true" box="[199,353,1231,1257]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7241177FEBCC392FD3EA2F0" authorityName="Kumanski" authorityYear="1990" box="[359,684,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumgangsanica">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FEBCC392FD3EA2F0" box="[359,684,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Rhyacophila kumgangsanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed on the Korean Peninsula (
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7241177FBB7C392FAD5A2F3" author="Park, S. J. &amp; Kong, D." box="[1132,1351,1231,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" pagination="288 - 323" refId="ref18276" refString="Park, S. J. &amp; Kong, D. (2020) A checklist of Trichoptera (Insecta) of the Korean Peninsula. Journal of Species Research, 9 (3), 288 - 323. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2020.9.3.288" type="journal article" year="2020">Park &amp; Kong 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8E66537F7241177FF1CC3A9FCECA06F" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7241177FF1CC3A9FB67A3FF" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,1654]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FF1CC3A9FEA6A317" bold="true" box="[199,308,1268,1294]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Remarks</emphasis>
. The male genitalia of this species were precisely described by
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7241177FC2EC3AEFB2BA317" author="Kumanski, K." box="[1013,1209,1267,1294]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" pagination="36 - 60" refId="ref17831" refString="Kumanski, K. (1990) Studies on the fauna of Trichoptera (Insecta) of Korea. I. Superfamily Rhyacophiloidea. Historia Naturalis Bulgarica, 2, 36 - 60." type="journal article" year="1990">Kumanski (1990)</bibRefCitation>
based on specimens collected from
<collectingCountry id="C8EB762CF7241177FE99C24AFE40A32B" box="[322,466,1303,1330]" name="North Korea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">North Korea</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D46D4B4DF7241177FE06C24AFDEDA32B" author="Hattori, T." box="[477,639,1303,1330]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" pagination="414 - 437" refId="ref17372" refString="Hattori, T. (2005) Rhyacophilidae. In: Kawai, T. &amp; Tanida, K. (Eds.), Aquatic Insects of Japan: Manual with Keys and Illustrations. Tokai University Press, Hadano, Kanagawa, pp. 414 - 437. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2005">Hattori (2005)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that this species probably belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7241177FB1DC245FAADA328" authorityName="Tsuda" authorityYear="1940" box="[1222,1343,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clemens">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FB1DC245FAADA328" box="[1222,1343,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">R. clemens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Species Group. The male genitalia of this species are very similar to those of the Japanese species described or redescribed above in having the following characters: The horizontal part of segment X bears the apical hinged process ventrally (
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7241177FF44C2DEFEF2A387" box="[159,352,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Figs 8A, 8B, 8D</figureCitation>
); two pairs of anal sclerites have a common internal root (
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7241177FC22C2DEFBC3A387" box="[1017,1105,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
); a pair of large apical bands surrounds the anus and the root of the anal sclerites (
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7241177FD20C2FAFC1FA3DB" box="[763,909,1447,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Figs 8B, 8D</figureCitation>
); and the narrow aedeagus bears a large, long ventral plate (
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7241177FEE9C296FE1BA3FF" box="[306,393,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). Thus
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7241177FE06C291FD3EA3FC" authorityName="Kumanski" authorityYear="1990" box="[477,684,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumgangsanica">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FE06C291FD3EA3FC" box="[477,684,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">R. kumgangsanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
definitely belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="77FC4D3FF7241177FC12C291FBD0A3FC" authorityName="Tsuda" authorityYear="1940" box="[969,1090,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyacophilidae" genus="Rhyacophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clemens">
<emphasis id="8288EAAEF7241177FC12C291FBD0A3FC" box="[969,1090,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">R. clemens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Species Group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B04336BCF7241177FF1CC2B2FCECA06F" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,1654]" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
This species is easily distinguished from Japanese species of this species group by the shapes of the apical segment of each inferior appendage and the apical hinged process of segment X: (1) the apical segment of each inferior appendage is rectangular in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7241177FD1AC16AFC8EA04B" box="[705,796,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); (2) the apical hinged process of segment X bears a pair of long lanceolate lobes in dorsal and ventral views (
<figureCitation id="28C72A39F7241177FD3EC106FCE3A06F" box="[741,881,1627,1654]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[288,1300,194,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[275,1313,181,1101]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rhyacophila kumgangsanica Kumanski 1990. 8A8D, male genitalia: 8A, left lateral; 8C, dorsal (left inferior appendage omitted); 8B, segment X and phallic apparatus, left lateral; 8D, same, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119227/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Figs 8B, 8C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>