171 lines
20 KiB
XML
171 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="9859183FA50BBCF41E08C0B11B244F08" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182430" ID-GBIF-Dataset="50abfee8-8d3a-46e1-a0a1-f3d31bab3166" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182430" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459862917973" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chang, Huali, Zhang, Fan & Ren, Dong" docDate="2008" docId="ED38237939209C1BFF3DFA7AFA47AE33" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01785p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1785" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paralithomerus parallelus Chang, Zhang & Ren, 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="11015B0139249C1DFFAAFFD1FFD6AF61" masterDocTitle="A new genus and two new species of fossil Elaterids from the Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China (Coleoptera: Elateridae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="54" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698226208523" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="AA1AABAB530DA8510B99263115D01F52" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FA6B38DF472505809C8A5309914096EE">
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<mods:title id="21BA8930ECC15CFF8F601938CC0B98F8">A new genus and two new species of fossil Elaterids from the Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China (Coleoptera: Elateridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="1CD60B6CA8B6999F25D4C426D6538969" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="55ECEF342A56A32132EBE0290D2F8FB3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1518DA0467545B5541AA78B60DE3386F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A5CA0128805D96605D3BBBE1138AB6CF">Chang, Huali</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0FABCC35DF9C590268E08DAEB8E29CE3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B85F795D9B67C64624B1A26313A6A457">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B1FCC2194F7030B949D6B0B76747FACD">Zhang, Fan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B3911D53EEEF2ABFF82DA5341E126EF0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="052C885769E507B4C0BA4BA742F60E6D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="53AE5B3E19FE62282BA40EC04669FE5F">Ren, Dong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8281233F0183759D7AAC1F17D39E5754">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EFE72055A4C1D1EF7AB0530BCB9C35D7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8B8A3609CA371AAB4EBA791598C1335F">
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<mods:date id="105E6F365ACB8AED5741A61556321FD8">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="751D6FF91D316318A278BAACC74BA9F6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="BCEE4C399D5A7A5B89D0DA6B69DECE6D">1785</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="10E8D473DB7123A0E4E71C1ED649B541">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D7A98647EB2CFCBA25ED27EE9B8749FD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182430</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2C7138114110E09D836A232744410BD0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="ED38237939209C1BFF3DFA7AFA47AE33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6233245" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119368753" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6233245" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED38237939209C1BFF3DFA7AFA47AE33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED38237939209C1BFF3DFA7AFA47AE33" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="2D8BC1E439209C19FF3DFA7AFEE2AA89" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="652E926F39209C19FF3DFA7AFDEEAAA4" blockId="4.[151,568,1451,1512]" box="[151,568,1451,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="3E66250339209C19FF3DFA7AFDEEAAA4" bold="true" box="[151,568,1451,1477]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FF3DFA7AFDEEAAA4" bold="true" box="[151,568,1451,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="A291E9EC39209C19FF3DFA7AFE02AAA4" box="[151,468,1451,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Paralithomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FF3DFA7AFE02AAA4" bold="true" box="[151,468,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Paralithomerus parallelus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CD6F30639209C19FE71FA7AFDEEAAA4" box="[475,568,1451,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="652E926F39209C19FF3DFA1FFEE2AA89" blockId="4.[151,568,1451,1512]" box="[151,308,1486,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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(
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39209C19FF35FA1FFEFDAA89" box="[159,299,1486,1512]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStart-1="FIGURES 14 – 15" captionStartId-0="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,269,1289,1313]" captionTargetBox-0="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetBox-1="[335,1294,387,1245]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[264,1323,354,1265]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." captionText-1="FIGURES 14 – 15. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., holotype. 14 — dorsal view, 15 — ventral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/182435/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Figs. 11–15</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2D8BC1E439209C19FF3DF9CCFA8CA9B9" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="652E926F39209C19FF3DF9CCFDE5A9E9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1565,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FF3DF9CCFE84A956" bold="true" box="[151,338,1565,1591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<typeStatus id="BA2A2CCD39209C19FF3DF9CCFF02A956" box="[151,212,1565,1591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
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specimen
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</emphasis>
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:
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<typeStatus id="BA2A2CCD39209C19FECFF9CFFE00A959" box="[357,470,1566,1592]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. CNU-C-LB2006872, an impression of elaterid with almost complete body, but most antennal segments absent, housed in Key Lab of Insect Evolution & Environmental Change, Capital Normal University, Beijing,
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<collectingCountry id="1D86D2FF39209C19FE4FF9BFFDF9A9E9" box="[485,559,1646,1672]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="652E926F39209C19FF6FF944FA8CA9B9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1565,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FF6FF944FE1CA9CE" bold="true" box="[197,458,1685,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Locality and horizon</emphasis>
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. Collected from 2nd Bed of Yixian Formation in Huangbanjigou, near Chaomidian Village, Shangyuan County, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province,
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<collectingCountry id="1D86D2FF39209C19FCDAF96FFC6CA9B9" box="[880,954,1726,1752]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">China</collectingCountry>
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; Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2D8BC1E439209C19FF6FF934FDEAA849" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="652E926F39209C19FF6FF934FDEAA849" blockId="4.[151,1437,1565,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FF6FF934FE9CA99E" bold="true" box="[197,330,1765,1791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Etymology</emphasis>
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. Specific name derived from Latin “
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<taxonomicName id="A291E9EC39209C19FCBAF937FC51A99E" box="[784,903,1766,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Paralithomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FCBAF937FC51A99E" box="[784,903,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">parallelus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”, (meaning “parallel”), for the striae of the elytra that are parallel to each other.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2D8BC1E439209C19FF6FF8E4FE14A892" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="652E926F39209C19FF6FF8E4FE14A892" blockId="4.[151,1437,1565,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FF6FF8E4FEEBA82E" bold="true" box="[197,317,1845,1871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. This new species is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="A291E9EC39209C19FCB3F8E7FC7DA82E" box="[793,939,1846,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Paralithomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exquisitus">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39209C19FCB3F8E7FC7DA82E" box="[793,939,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">P. exquisitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the following characters: (1) pronotum width shorter than length if the length is measured at the median line; (2) prosternal process quite short; (3) metepisternum narrow; (4) elytra with 9 distinct longitudinal striae, each stria nearly parallel to the sutural margin, the 3rd and 4th, 7th and 8th not united; and (5) apical ventrite 1.33 times longer than the previous one and broadly rounded apically.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2D8BC1E439219C1BFF6FFF46FA9BAFD3" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="5" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="652E926F39219C18FF6FFF46FC25AFBB" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FF6FFF46FE83AFD0" bold="true" box="[197,341,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Description</emphasis>
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. Body subcylindrical, medium sized, with length 12.5 mm, width 4.5 mm, elytron length 7.8 mm; Elytra with nine nearly parallel longitudinal striae (
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FC86FF11FC6EAFBB" box="[812,952,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs. 11, 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FC6FFF11FC30AFBB" box="[965,998,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 15" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1289,1313]" captionTargetBox="[335,1294,387,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[264,1323,354,1265]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 15. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., holotype. 14 — dorsal view, 15 — ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182435/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">14</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="652E926F39219C18FF6FFF39FE06AE4B" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
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Head sub-triangular, convex; eyes oval, medium sized; mandibles incurved, bidentate at apex; labrum small, transverse (
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FEC6FEC1FE14AE4B" box="[364,450,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="31EEC2E739219C18FF3DFA62FAB1AAAA" box="[151,1383,1459,1483]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="652E926F39219C18FF3DFA62FAB1AAAA" blockId="5.[151,1383,1459,1483]" box="[151,1383,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FF3DFA62FE8AAAAA" bold="true" box="[151,348,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">FIGURES 11–13.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A291E9EC39219C18FEC8FA65FDAAAAAA" box="[354,636,1460,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Paralithomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FEC8FA65FDAAAAAA" box="[354,636,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Paralithomerus parallelus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CD6F30639219C18FD29FA62FD0EAAAA" box="[643,728,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FD29FA62FD0EAAAA" bold="true" box="[643,728,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, 11
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FD55FA62FCCCAAAA" bold="true" box="[767,794,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">—</emphasis>
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dorsal view, 12
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FC16FA62FC01AAAA" bold="true" box="[956,983,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">—</emphasis>
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prothorax, 13
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<emphasis id="57E54E7D39219C18FBCCFA62FB57AAAA" bold="true" box="[1126,1153,1459,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">—</emphasis>
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apical half of elytron.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="652E926F39219C18FF6FFA2DFCB2A9EF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1532,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
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Pronotum subtrapezoidal, 2.17 times as long as head, width 1.23 times wider than long; anterior margin arched inside, with short angles, lateral sides slightly arcuate in front of hind angles, basal margin bisinuate, with basal pleural furrow; disc slightly convex, with a mild median longitudinal depression; hind angles acute, produced posteriorly, with distinct short carina (
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FD63F9A5FC81A9EF" box="[713,855,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs. 11, 12</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="652E926F39219C18FF6FF94DFA81A9BF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1532,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
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Elytra wider than prothorax, 3.45 times as long as wide, with 9 distinct longitudinal striae, each stria nearly parallel to the sutural margin, apex of elytra slightly obtuse; epipleural rim normal (
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FB11F915FACAA9BF" box="[1211,1308,1732,1758]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FA83F915FA9FA9BF" box="[1321,1353,1732,1758]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 15" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1289,1313]" captionTargetBox="[335,1294,387,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[264,1323,354,1265]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 15. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., holotype. 14 — dorsal view, 15 — ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182435/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">14</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="652E926F39219C18FF6FF93DFB1AA897" blockId="5.[151,1436,1532,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
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Ventral surface with chin piece normally arcuate; pronotosternal suture double, widely opened anteriorly; procoxal cavities quite small, rounded and separated, open behind; prosternal process short, wedge-shaped; Mesoventrite small, mesoventral cavity circular, mesepimeron subtriangular, mesocoxae open to mesepimeron. Metaventrite and mesoventrite separated by distinct suture, metaventrite relatively long and flat, with longitudinal suture; metepisternum narrow; metacoxal plates slender, obtusely long triangular, evenly narrowed laterally. Abdomen with 5 visible ventrites, narrowed from the base of fifth visible ventrite, apical ventrite 1.33 times longer than ventrite 4 and broadly rounded apically (
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FB85F80DFB46A897" box="[1071,1168,2012,2038]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39219C18FB37F80DFB6BA897" box="[1181,1213,2012,2038]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 15" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1289,1313]" captionTargetBox="[335,1294,387,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[264,1323,354,1265]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 15. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., holotype. 14 — dorsal view, 15 — ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182435/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="652E926F39229C1BFF6FFF49FA9BAFD3" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,338]" box="[197,1357,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Legs with procoxa rounded; mesocoxa circular, larger than procoxa, metacoxa transverse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FDAA8EEA39229C1BFB40FF49FAE9AFD3" box="[1258,1343,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,342,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,342,1441]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 13. Paralithomerus parallelus sp. nov., 11 — dorsal view, 12 — prothorax, 13 — apical half of elytron." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182434/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2D8BC1E439229C1BFF6FFF6EFA47AE33" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="652E926F39229C1BFF6FFF6EFA47AE33" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="57E54E7D39229C1BFF6FFF6EFEE1AFB8" bold="true" box="[197,311,191,217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Although most of the antennal segments are absent, the new species can be assigned to the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A291E9EC39229C1BFF4EFF39FE4AAE60" box="[228,412,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Paralithomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="57E54E7D39229C1BFF4EFF39FE4AAE60" box="[228,412,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Paralithomerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the following characters: (1) head subtriangular, convex; (2) pronotosternal sutures double, open anteriorly; (3) mesocoxae open to mesepimeron; mesoventrite and metaventrite separated by distinct suture; and (4) metacoxal plates slender, obtusely long triangular, evenly narrowed laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |