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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.51.7104" ID-PMC="PMC4489078" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-51-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14" ID-PubMed="26140023" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576310" ModsDocID="1314-2003-51-1" checkinTime="1451251513006" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wood, John R. I., Williams, Bethany R. M., Mitchell, Thomas C., Carine, Mark A., Harris, David J. &amp; Scotland, Robert W." docDate="2015" docId="BC629C3C3B1C52F7895F965569D606A9" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 51: 1-282" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 51" docPubDate="2015-06-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.51.7104" docTitle="Convolvulus betonicifolius Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: no. 20. 1768. (Miller 1768" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14" masterDocTitle="A foundation monograph of Convolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="282" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668141381863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A foundation monograph of Convolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Wood, John R. I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, Bethany R. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Mitchell, Thomas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Scotland, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182228057" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC629C3C3B1C52F7895F965569D606A9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC629C3C3B1C52F7895F965569D606A9" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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11.
<taxonomicName LSID="BC629C3C-3B1C-52F7-895F-965569D606A9" authority="Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: no. 20. 1768. (Miller 1768: 20)." authorityName="Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: no. 20. 1768. (Miller" authorityYear="1768" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus betonicifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolius">Convolvulus betonicifolius Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: no. 20. 1768. (Miller 1768: 20).</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. 1 - 9 Convolvulus betonicifolius 1 leaves 2 bracteole 3 outer sepal 4 middle sepal 5 inner sepal 6 stamen 7 ovary and style 8 capsule 9 seed. From Stribrny s. n. (G) 10 - 16 Convolvulus cassius 10 leaf 11 bracteole 12 outer sepal 13 middle sepal 14 inner sepal 15 stamen 16 ovary and style. From Dinsmore 10127 (K) 17 - 23 Convolvulus longipedicellatus 17 leaves 18 bracteole 19 outer sepal 20 middle sepal 21 inner sepal 22 stamen 23 ovary and style. From Manisadjan s. n. (W) 24 - 32 Convolvulus stachydifolius 24 leaf 25 bracteole 26 outer sepal 27 middle sepal 28 inner sepal 29 stamen 30 ovary and style 31 capsule 32 seed 24 - 30 from Bornműller 1528 b (B) 31 - 32 from sin coll. (JE) 33 - 41 Convolvulus palaestinus 33 leaves 34 bracteole 35 outer sepal 36 middle sepal 37 inner sepal 38 stamen 39 ovary and style 40 capsule 41 seed 33 - 39 from Dinsmore 1409 (E) 40 - 41 from sin coll. (JE)." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figure 4, t. 1-9.</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus pubescens" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<pageBreakToken pageId="55" pageNumber="56" start="start">Convolvulus</pageBreakToken>
pubescens
</taxonomicName>
Sol., in Russell, Aleppo, ed. 2, 2: 246 1794, illegitimate superfluous name for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: no. 20. 1768. (Miller" authorityYear="1768" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus betonicifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus betonicifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mill. (
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, A" editor="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="G. G. &amp; J. Robinson, London" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 430" refId="B313" refString="Russell, A, 1794. . In: Russell, P, Ed., The Natural History of Aleppo. G.G. &amp; J. Robinson, London: 1 - 430" volumeTitle="The Natural History of Aleppo." year="1794">Russell 1794</bibRefCitation>
: 246). Type. SYRIA, Aleppo,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Russell s. n.</emphasis>
(holotype BM001014565!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desr., Encycl. [Lamarck et al.] 3: 551. 1792. (Desrousseaux" authorityYear="1792" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus lanuginosus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanuginosus">Convolvulus lanuginosus</taxonomicName>
Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 23. 1794., nom. illeg., non
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desr., Encycl. [Lamarck et al.] 3: 551. 1792. (Desrousseaux" authorityYear="1792" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus lanuginosus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanuginosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus lanuginosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Desr. (1792). (
<bibRefCitation author="Vahl, M" journalOrPublisher="Symbolae Botanicae" pageId="213" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 104" refId="B368" refString="Vahl, M, 1794. . Symbolae Botanicae volume 3: 1 - 104" volume="volume 3" year="1794">Vahl 1794</bibRefCitation>
: 23). Type. sin data (holotype C10009605!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus tomentosus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosus">Convolvulus tomentosus</taxonomicName>
Choisy, Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 413. 1845., nom. illeg., non
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus tomentosus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus tomentosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Vell. (1829). (
<bibRefCitation author="Choisy, JD" journalOrPublisher="Prodromus Systematis Naturalis" pageId="201" pageNumber="202" pagination="323 - 462" refId="B89" refString="Choisy, JD, 1845. Convolvulaceae. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis volume 9: 323 - 462" title="Convolvulaceae." volume="volume 9" year="1845">Choisy 1845</bibRefCitation>
: 413). Type. Based on
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desr., Encycl. [Lamarck et al.] 3: 551. 1792. (Desrousseaux" authorityYear="1792" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus lanuginosus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanuginosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus lanuginosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Vahl
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sagittifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sagittifolius">Convolvulus sagittifolius</taxonomicName>
Sm. Fl. Graec. Prod. 1: 133. 1806, nom. illeg., non
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sagittifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sagittifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus sagittifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Michx. (1803). (
<bibRefCitation author="Sibthorp, J" journalOrPublisher="Florae Graecae prodromus" pageId="211" pageNumber="212" pagination="1 - 218" refId="B334" refString="Sibthorp, J, Smith, JE, 1806. . Florae Graecae prodromus volume 1 (part 1): 1 - 218" volume="volume 1" year="1806">Sibthorp and Smith 1806</bibRefCitation>
: 133). Type. Icon., Fl. Graec. 2: 77, t. 193 (1816).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus hirsutus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutus">Convolvulus hirsutus</taxonomicName>
M.Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Caucas 1: 422. 1808. (
<bibRefCitation author="Marschall von Bieberstein, FA" journalOrPublisher="Flora taurico-caucasica" pageId="207" pageNumber="208" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B224" refString="Marschall von Bieberstein, FA, 1808. . Flora taurico-caucasica volume 1: 1 - 428" volume="volume 1" year="1808">Marschall von Bieberstein 1808</bibRefCitation>
: 422). Type. CRIMEA,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Steven</emphasis>
s.n. (holotype LE!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus atriplicifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atriplicifolius">Convolvulus atriplicifolius</taxonomicName>
Poir., Encycl. (Lamarck), Suppl. 3 (2): 467.1814. (
<bibRefCitation author="Poiret, JLM" journalOrPublisher="Panckoucke, Paris &amp; Plomteux, Liege" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="369 - 780" refId="B276" refString="Poiret, JLM, 1814. Encylopedie methodique, Botanique (Lamarck). Panckoucke, Paris &amp; Plomteux, Liege: 369 - 780" title="Encylopedie methodique, Botanique (Lamarck)" year="1814">Poiret 1814</bibRefCitation>
: 467). Type. SYRIA,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Labillardière">Labillardiere</normalizedToken>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(holotype FI).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roem &amp; Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sibthorpii" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sibthorpii">Convolvulus sibthorpii</taxonomicName>
Roem. &amp; Schult., Syst. Veg, ed. 15 bis [Roemer &amp; Schultes] 4: 285. 1819. (
<bibRefCitation author="Roemer, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Caroli a Linne Systema vegetabilium secundum" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 888" refId="B308" refString="Roemer, JJ, Schultes, JA, 1819. . Caroli a Linne Systema vegetabilium secundum volumen 4: 1 - 888" volume="volumen 4" year="1819">Roemer and Schultes 1819</bibRefCitation>
: 285). Type. GREECE, Samos,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">sin col</emphasis>
. (whereabouts unknown).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus amoenus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amoenus">Convolvulus amoenus</taxonomicName>
K. Koch. Linnaea 19: 19. 1847, nom. illeg., non
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus amoenus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amoenus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus amoenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Dietrich, FG" journalOrPublisher="Gaedicke Brothers, Berlin" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 726" refId="B106" refString="Dietrich, FG, 1816. Nachtrag zum vollstaendigen Lexicon der Gaertnerei und Botanik. Gaedicke Brothers, Berlin: 1 - 726" title="Nachtrag zum vollstaendigen Lexicon der Gaertnerei und Botanik" year="1816">Dietrich (1816)</bibRefCitation>
. (
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, K" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" pagination="1 - 67" refId="B174" refString="Koch, K, 1847. Beitraege zur Flora des noerdlichen Kuestenlandes von Kleinasien. Linnaea 19: 1 - 67" title="Beitraege zur Flora des noerdlichen Kuestenlandes von Kleinasien." volume="19" year="1847">Koch 1847</bibRefCitation>
: 19). Type. TURKEY, Pontus Euxinus,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Thirke s. n.</emphasis>
(holotype B†, possible isotype MO).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus peduncularis" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">Convolvulus peduncularis</taxonomicName>
Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 84. 1849. (
<bibRefCitation author="Boissier, E" journalOrPublisher="Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B42" refString="Boissier, E, 1849. . Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum 2 (part 11): 1 - 136" volume="2" year="1849">Boissier 1849</bibRefCitation>
: 84). Type. TURKEY, between Orfa and Sierek,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kotschy</emphasis>
58 (holotype G; isotype K000852030).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus pedunculatus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatus">Convolvulus pedunculatus</taxonomicName>
Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 3(1): 112. 1852, lapsus [spelling mistake] for
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus peduncularis" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus peduncularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss. (
<bibRefCitation author="Walpers, GG" journalOrPublisher="Ambrosius Abel, Leipzig" pageId="213" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 1168" refId="B382" refString="Walpers, GG, 1852. Annales Botanices Systematicae. Ambrosius Abel, Leipzig: 1 - 1168" title="Annales Botanices Systematicae" year="1852">Walpers 1852</bibRefCitation>
: 112).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus hirsutus subsp. var. var. tomentosus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="hirsutus" subSpecies="var." variety="tomentosus">Convolvulus hirsutus var. tomentosus</taxonomicName>
Boiss., Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 105. 1875. (
<bibRefCitation author="Boissier, E" editor="Boissier, E" journalOrPublisher="H. Georg, Geneva, Basle and Lyons" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" pagination="84 - 123" refId="B46" refString="Boissier, E, 1875b. Convolvulaceae. In: Boissier, E, Ed., Flora Orientalis 4: Corolliflorae and Monochlamydeae. H. Georg, Geneva, Basle and Lyons: 84 - 123" title="Convolvulaceae." volumeTitle="Flora Orientalis 4: Corolliflorae and Monochlamydeae." year="1875 b">Boissier 1875b</bibRefCitation>
: 105). Type. Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus peduncularis" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus peduncularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parris" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus betonicifolius subsp. peduncularis" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="betonicifolius" subSpecies="peduncularis">Convolvulus betonicifolius subsp. peduncularis</taxonomicName>
(Boiss.) Parris, Fl. Turkey &amp; E. Aegean Is (P.H.Davis). 6: 217. 1978. (
<bibRefCitation author="Parris, BS" journalOrPublisher="Flora of Turkey" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" pagination="198 - 219" refId="B256" refString="Parris, BS, 1978. Convolvulus. Flora of Turkey volume 6: 198 - 219" title="Convolvulus." volume="volume 6" year="1978">Parris 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 217). Type. Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus peduncularis" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus peduncularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus hirsutus subsp. var. var. virescens" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="hirsutus" subSpecies="var." variety="virescens">Convolvulus hirsutus var. virescens</taxonomicName>
Boiss., Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 105. 1875. (
<bibRefCitation author="Boissier, E" editor="Boissier, E" journalOrPublisher="H. Georg, Geneva, Basle and Lyons" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" pagination="84 - 123" refId="B46" refString="Boissier, E, 1875b. Convolvulaceae. In: Boissier, E, Ed., Flora Orientalis 4: Corolliflorae and Monochlamydeae. H. Georg, Geneva, Basle and Lyons: 84 - 123" title="Convolvulaceae." volumeTitle="Flora Orientalis 4: Corolliflorae and Monochlamydeae." year="1875 b">Boissier 1875b</bibRefCitation>
: 105). Type. TURKEY, Egirdir,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Heldreich s. n.</emphasis>
(G, E00285435, WAG0003915, K!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus armenus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armenus">Convolvulus armenus</taxonomicName>
Boiss. &amp; Kotschy ex Boiss., Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4: 105. 1875. (
<bibRefCitation author="Boissier, E" editor="Boissier, E" journalOrPublisher="H. Georg, Geneva, Basle and Lyons" pageId="199" pageNumber="200" pagination="84 - 123" refId="B46" refString="Boissier, E, 1875b. Convolvulaceae. In: Boissier, E, Ed., Flora Orientalis 4: Corolliflorae and Monochlamydeae. H. Georg, Geneva, Basle and Lyons: 84 - 123" title="Convolvulaceae." volumeTitle="Flora Orientalis 4: Corolliflorae and Monochlamydeae." year="1875 b">Boissier 1875b</bibRefCitation>
: 105). Type. TURKEY,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kotschy</emphasis>
373 (lectotype G, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Sa'ad, F" journalOrPublisher="Bronder Offset, Rotterdam" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 287" refId="B314" refString="Sa'ad, F, 1967. The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht. Bronder Offset, Rotterdam: 1 - 287" title="The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht" year="1967">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
1967
</bibRefCitation>
: 221); isolectotypes K000852028, P00608770!, W!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus betonicifolius subsp. var. var. armenus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="betonicifolius" subSpecies="var." variety="armenus">Convolvulus betonicifolius var. armenus</taxonomicName>
(Boiss. &amp; Kotschy ex Boiss)
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
, Meded. Bot. Mus.Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 281: 221. 1967. (
<bibRefCitation author="Sa'ad, F" journalOrPublisher="Bronder Offset, Rotterdam" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 287" refId="B314" refString="Sa'ad, F, 1967. The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht. Bronder Offset, Rotterdam: 1 - 287" title="The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht" year="1967">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
1967
</bibRefCitation>
: 221). Type. Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus armenus" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armenus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Convolvulus armenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sa'ad" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus aleppensis" order="Solanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aleppensis">Convolvulus aleppensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
, Meded. Bot. Mus.Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 281: 209. 1967. (
<bibRefCitation author="Sa'ad, F" journalOrPublisher="Bronder Offset, Rotterdam" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 287" refId="B314" refString="Sa'ad, F, 1967. The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht. Bronder Offset, Rotterdam: 1 - 287" title="The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht" year="1967">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
1967
</bibRefCitation>
: 209). Type. SYRIA, Aleppo,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kotschy</emphasis>
232 (holotype P!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Cultivated plant grown in Chelsea Physic Garden from seed received from Paris (holotype BM001035798!).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
Very variable trailing or twining perennial herb up to 1 m high, stems angled, vegetative parts always hirsute, thinly to densely pubescent, pilose or tomentose. Leaves petiolate, 2.5-8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-6 cm, ovate, apex obtuse or acute, often mucronate, margin entire to undulate, base cordate and cuneate onto the petiole, usually auriculate, auricles rounded to acute, entire or dentate; petioles 0.5-1.5 (-6) cm. Flowers 1-3 (-8) in pedunculate, axillary cymes (often clearly dichasial); peduncles 2-14 cm, very variable from specimen to specimen; bracteoles filiform to linear or linear-oblanceolate, acute, 6-14
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-1.5 mm, pedicels 5 -15 mm; outer sepals 7-15
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-5 mm, oblong-elliptic, acute or acuminate, bicoloured, sometimes slightly constricted below triangular, slightly deflexed dark green apical portion, inner sepals scarious-margined 8-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-6 mm,
<pageBreakToken pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="start">shorter</pageBreakToken>
but broader; corolla 2.8-3.6 cm, white, cream, or pink, unlobed, midpetaline bands pilose, sometimes darker coloured; filaments glandular below; ovary pilose, style pilose, divided c. 9 mm above base, stigmas 3 mm. Capsule pilose; seeds papillose. [
<bibRefCitation author="Sa'ad, F" journalOrPublisher="Bronder Offset, Rotterdam" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 287" refId="B314" refString="Sa'ad, F, 1967. The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht. Bronder Offset, Rotterdam: 1 - 287" title="The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht" year="1967">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
1967
</bibRefCitation>
: 219;
<bibRefCitation author="Feinbrun-Dothan, N" journalOrPublisher="The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="33 - 43" refId="B119" refString="Feinbrun-Dothan, N, 1978. Flora Palaestina volumen 3: Ericaceae to Compositae. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem: 33 - 43" title="Flora Palaestina volumen 3: Ericaceae to Compositae" year="1978">Feinbrun-Dothan 1978</bibRefCitation>
: plate 66;
<bibRefCitation author="Tohme, G" journalOrPublisher="National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut" pageId="213" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 609" refId="B363" refString="Tohme, G, Tohme, H, 2007. Illustrated Flora of Lebanon. National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut: 1 - 609" title="Illustrated Flora of Lebanon" year="2007">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tohmé">Tohme</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tohmé">Tohme</normalizedToken>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: 214 (photo);
<bibRefCitation author="Silvestre, S" editor="Talevera, S" journalOrPublisher="Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC, Madrid" pageId="211" pageNumber="212" pagination="252 - 273" refId="B337" refString="Silvestre, S, 2012. Convolvulus. In: Talevera, S, Andres, C, Arista, M, Fernandes Piedra, MP, Gallego, MJ, Ortiz, PL, Romero Zarco, C, Salgueiro, FJ, Silvestre, S, Quinanar, A, Eds., Flora Iberica volume 11: Gentianaceae to Boraginaceae. Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC, Madrid: 252 - 273" title="Convolvulus." volumeTitle="Flora Iberica volume 11: Gentianaceae to Boraginaceae." year="2012">Silvestre 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 258;
<bibRefCitation author="Strid, A" journalOrPublisher="Gartner Verlag, Ruggell / Liechtenstein" pageId="212" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 412" refId="B353" refString="Strid, A, Strid, B, 2009. Sibthorp &amp; Smith, Flora Graeca, annotated reissue of parts 1-2. Gartner Verlag, Ruggell/Liechtenstein: 1 - 412" title="Sibthorp &amp; Smith, Flora Graeca, annotated reissue of parts 1 - 2" year="2009">Strid and Strid 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 388-389 (plate);
<bibRefCitation author="Pignatti, S" journalOrPublisher="Edagricole, Bologna" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" pagination="386 - 390" refId="B269" refString="Pignatti, S, 1982. Flora D'Italia. Edagricole, Bologna: 386 - 390" title="Flora D'Italia" year="1982">Pignatti 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 389;
<bibRefCitation author="Grigoriev, C" journalOrPublisher="USSR Scientific Academy, Moscow and Leningrad" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" pagination="1 - 37" refId="B138" refString="Grigoriev, C, 1953. Flora USSR volume 19: Tubiflorae. USSR Scientific Academy, Moscow and Leningrad: 1 - 37" title="Flora USSR volume 19: Tubiflorae" year="1953">Grigoriev 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 12 (plate)]
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">1-9</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: no. 20. 1768. (Miller" authorityYear="1768" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus betonicifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Convolvulus betonicifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">1</emphasis>
leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">2</emphasis>
bracteole
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">3</emphasis>
outer sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">4</emphasis>
middle sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">5</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">6</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">7</emphasis>
ovary and style
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">8</emphasis>
capsule
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">9</emphasis>
seed. From
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Stribrny</emphasis>
s.n. (G)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">10-16</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sam. ex Rech. f., Ark. Bot., a. s., 1: 314. 1950. (Rechinger" authorityYear="1950" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus cassius" order="Solanales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cassius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Convolvulus cassius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">10</emphasis>
leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">11</emphasis>
bracteole
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">12</emphasis>
outer sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">13</emphasis>
middle sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">14</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">15</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">16</emphasis>
ovary and style. From
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dinsmore</emphasis>
10127 (K)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">17-23</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sa'ad, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 281: 233. 1967. (Sa'ad" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus longipedicellatus" order="Solanales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipedicellatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Convolvulus longipedicellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">17</emphasis>
leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">18</emphasis>
bracteole
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">19</emphasis>
outer sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">20</emphasis>
middle sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">21</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">22</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">23</emphasis>
ovary and style. From
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Manisadjan</emphasis>
s.n. (W)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">24-32</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Choisy, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 9: 408. 1845. (Choisy" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus stachydifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stachydifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Convolvulus stachydifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">24</emphasis>
leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">25</emphasis>
bracteole
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">26</emphasis>
outer sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">27</emphasis>
middle sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">28</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">29</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">30</emphasis>
ovary and style
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">31</emphasis>
capsule
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">32</emphasis>
seed
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">24-30</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bornműller">Bornműller</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
1528b (B)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">31-32</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">sin coll.</emphasis>
(JE)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">33-41</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 11: 84. 1849. (Boissier" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus palaestinus" order="Solanales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palaestinus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Convolvulus palaestinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">33</emphasis>
leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">34</emphasis>
bracteole
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">35</emphasis>
outer sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">36</emphasis>
middle sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">37</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">38</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">39</emphasis>
ovary and style
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">40</emphasis>
capsule
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">41</emphasis>
seed
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">33-39</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dinsmore</emphasis>
1409 (E)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">40-41</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">sin coll</emphasis>
. (JE).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
Widely distributed from the eastern Mediterranean region east to the Caucasus and Iran: Greece (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Rechinger</emphasis>
8992): Albania (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Alston &amp; Sandwith</emphasis>
1730): Bulgaria (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Wiesniewski</emphasis>
1161); Turkey (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Davis &amp; Polunin</emphasis>
4220); Cyprus (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Meikle</emphasis>
2626); Crimea; Russia: North Caucasus (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Sokolova</emphasis>
1149,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Kozo-Poljansky &amp; Preobrashensky</emphasis>
s.n. [5/1915]); Iraq (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Al Kaisi et al</emphasis>
. 51085); Syria (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Kotschy</emphasis>
232); Lebanon (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Gombault</emphasis>
4491); Palestine/Israel (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Post</emphasis>
460,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Heller &amp; Shamash</emphasis>
13434); Iran (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Jacobs</emphasis>
6837). Naturalised in Spain, France (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Gay</emphasis>
s.n.) and Italy (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fiori &amp; Beguinot</emphasis>
2509).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
A very variable species in indumentum, leaf shape, peduncle length, number and colour of flowers and size and shape of sepals Attempts have been made by
<bibRefCitation author="Sa'ad, F" journalOrPublisher="Bronder Offset, Rotterdam" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 287" refId="B314" refString="Sa'ad, F, 1967. The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht. Bronder Offset, Rotterdam: 1 - 287" title="The Convolvulus species of the Canary Isles, the Mediterranean region, and the Near and Middle East. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversite Utrecht" year="1967">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saad">Sa'ad</normalizedToken>
(1967)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="Parris, BS" journalOrPublisher="Flora of Turkey" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" pagination="198 - 219" refId="B256" refString="Parris, BS, 1978. Convolvulus. Flora of Turkey volume 6: 198 - 219" title="Convolvulus." volume="volume 6" year="1978">Parris (1978)</bibRefCitation>
to provide an infraspecific classification but the characters do not correlate well with each other and it seems best to treat this as a single widespread variable species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>