486 lines
51 KiB
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486 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="1C7E71AD3130EC7341EC4EC067BA6875" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275" ID-ZooBank="556194B5-C6C1-46BA-8E4D-6BB94C51F7C4" ID-publisher-id="137275" URI-arpha="F53BA2AE-D569-5CC3-ACC5-C8AD5F191158" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/556194B5-C6C1-46BA-8E4D-6BB94C51F7C4" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1732039562962" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Marusik, Yuri M. & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng" docDate="2024" docId="9209E22E5BE6500C9863D8C00900C6F1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1218: 99-111" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1218" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/137275/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Halocosa Azarkina & Trilikauskas 2019" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="F53BA2AED5695CC3ACC5C8AD5F191158" masterDocTitle="Review of the wolf spider genus Halocosa Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019 from China (Araneae, Lycosidae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1732050297147" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B52272B0E94E3A929C129819C9A531A5">Review of the wolf spider genus Halocosa Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019 from China (Araneae, Lycosidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D8A6566BE1BB7E935EE3656B7424640C">Wang, Lu-Yu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7645BC63868D44D1A69168E0FE830CF3">Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6D009A95C3C3AFEFE527A683FAD8414D">Irfan, Muhammad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8E487E3A2D12844CD85E2F0ABFDC61E2" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0445-9612</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F99D5572DA373C23B2D935B7928A7C8">Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CE2E46249C5F157F4BD92ACC59DB8DCD">Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8D772A641C905DE81C9A59F6D44CD5C6">College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China & Institute for Biological Problems of the North RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan 685000, Russia & Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CEE11BDEF6C24F0C13AA9F9FA2C99C1A">Zhang, Zhi-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="030F6D401CEA323A34185286C4F3D16B">Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A1279BD8946F186A2509B7258ABDCBB9">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6FEB8AA71A95C62FB94D8BC1033B1ACA">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CD3184D73351BAEA56D513D3D0CE2C0E">2024-11-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B3D2F08BFB8953327550BC402C266719">1218</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="06185C3F8321865159C57F73A307C449" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9209E22E5BE6500C9863D8C00900C6F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14188214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14188214" ID-arpha="9209E22E-5BE6-500C-9863-D8C00900C6F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9209E22E5BE6500C9863D8C00900C6F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9209E22E5BE6500C9863D8C00900C6F1">
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<subSubSection id="DCF7E9D91A82E4CD974E7F5A73217450" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AA118CA39D0192109CCB025C6CB43BD5">
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<taxonomicName id="5A1EFDBB5D6D91FF8B16AA90D1581026" ID-CoL="4SVT" authority="Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BA385CC601A0C3B85CA34A5F9AA17705" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="51BD8BED9528123689AA854197E809BF" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" author="Azarkina GN & Trilikauskas LA" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="555-570" refId="B2" refString="Azarkina GN, Trilikauskas LA (2019) Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878). Zootaxa 4629 (4): 555 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4629.4. 4" title="Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878)." volume="4629" year="2019">Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E3IAC" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="3251B18D78E27A68CD596AD896A08365">
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<heading id="1ABB90425FBAFF76A16F90240F10A634" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FB212EB8BA57EB065A7DEC58403047A">
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<taxonomicName id="8F6CB138AA5065B3362345F3A5138E3F" authority="L. Koch, 1878" authorityName="L. Koch" authorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Lycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
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<emphasis id="D4C21A9815967C9862EBDC0F4AA1C133" italics="true">Lycosa cereipes</emphasis>
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L.
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<bibRefCitation id="E7ADE1B16DDAB24B518840DF61AAE1FD" author="Koch L" editor="Schneider O" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden" pagination="36-71" refId="B3" refString="Koch L (1878) Kaukasische Arachnoiden. In: Schneider O. (ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden 1878: 36 - 71, 159 - 160, [pl. 1 - 2]." title="Kaukasische Arachnoiden." volume="1878" volumeTitle="(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute." year="1878">Koch, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="BDCCC1230EDB13F6846B9A909A1AC94A" name="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ENJAC" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9A03F6B6585E94CD8C7FB9697F679C54">
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<heading id="44F80426E686E832D6350A8FF4213616" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A1E8B53BC13FAC8C0BB0018E553FC714">
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This genus resembles
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<taxonomicName id="ACEE2C42A3A573FD02ACD7C393A598D0" authority="Dahl, 1908" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Xerolycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="8F2B7A98C09AA58B7A3338688951D0ED" italics="true">Xerolycosa</emphasis>
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Dahl, 1908
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</taxonomicName>
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, another genus within subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="1102B97B67BBC5DD5009FE44C84AC133" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Evippinae">Evippinae</taxonomicName>
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. Species of both genera lack a transverse depression on the carapace (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A7ECA512CD35343079651065E41C7BE2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Halocosa spp. A, C, E, G Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) B, D, F, H Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A, B carapace, lateral view C, D chelicerae, ventral view E, F tibia of leg I, ventral view G, H terminal apophysis and embolus, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177918">2 A, B</figureCitation>
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), tibia I and II with three pairs of ventral spines (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="45B7D831EB6A80209B2E88B0159E4660" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Halocosa spp. A, C, E, G Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) B, D, F, H Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A, B carapace, lateral view C, D chelicerae, ventral view E, F tibia of leg I, ventral view G, H terminal apophysis and embolus, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177918">2 E, F</figureCitation>
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), and male palps with a bifid terminal apophysis (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="5D30AC039CA61CB874992F54A162A169" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Halocosa spp. A, C, E, G Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) B, D, F, H Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A, B carapace, lateral view C, D chelicerae, ventral view E, F tibia of leg I, ventral view G, H terminal apophysis and embolus, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177918">2 G, H</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="AAB200686633DBB2B595E335AC343F8F" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="68CA2F85B65FBCC0DFA481B0256F24F2" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished by the presence of three retromarginal cheliceral teeth in
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<taxonomicName id="C3802147385698BBFB8E7A8D9AA88F6B" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="201ED36E52B75102AD24D1818BE1E0B9" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="EF79BCBFA8A582E2DE08D05222DDB9FA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Halocosa spp. A, C, E, G Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) B, D, F, H Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A, B carapace, lateral view C, D chelicerae, ventral view E, F tibia of leg I, ventral view G, H terminal apophysis and embolus, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177918">2 C, D</figureCitation>
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; vs. with two teeth in
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<taxonomicName id="346E4C01627CDD6D6398F391C077B556" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Xerolycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="956310A7D2F7DE02DFDD4269353F512D" italics="true">Xerolycosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); embolus lacking accompanied membrane (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="2860B791FBC5FDB5BA042D0D7E23C1D3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Halocosa spp. A, C, E, G Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) B, D, F, H Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A, B carapace, lateral view C, D chelicerae, ventral view E, F tibia of leg I, ventral view G, H terminal apophysis and embolus, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177918">2 C, D</figureCitation>
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; vs. present in
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<taxonomicName id="A2F8F2FC26E53A9E2C0F022CD93E2C45" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Xerolycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0D6207FDAE56EB1DEFC1606649982831" italics="true">Xerolycosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); strong or small tegular sclerite, bifid terminal apophysis (anterior arm strong and sclerotized, posterior arm thin and membranous) in
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<taxonomicName id="01433AB0E470FD428E93355757754338" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="473FE2D056ADA9393D913D3616D389FF" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation id="D874130CDD36F2DDBE4402A123614130" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D vulva, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177919">3 A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="17DB3D66855E30082BE93EFF80989CCD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, bulb, ventral view D same, retrolateral view E left male palp, ventral view F same, retrolateral view G epigyne, ventral view H vulva, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177920">4 C – F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6BE7CE3FB52242396234C5BFCD825B35" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) A left male pedipalp, bulb, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C median apophysis and conductor, retrolateral view D embolic base, ventral view E median apophysis, ventral view F tegular sclerite, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177921">5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6AF6F9CB3383335A8F5F8D7176A61BFD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A left male pedipalp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; Co = conductor; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; HS = head of spermatheca; MA = median apophysis; Se = septum; SS = stalk of spermatheca; St = subtegulum; TA = terminal apophysis; Te = tegulum; Ts = tegular sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177922">6 A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96AE2773A5C4EF4C4212E09307C7F0AC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, bulb, ventral view D same, retrolateral view E left male palp, ventral view F same, retrolateral view G epigyne, ventral view H vulva, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177923">7 E, F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="2EB088030557D9823CE09361C66F8A98" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A left male pedipalp, bulb, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C median apophysis, ventral view D median apophysis and conductor, retrolateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177924">8</figureCitation>
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; vs. both are membranous in
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<taxonomicName id="71F29814FA4DF68196A1EBD40601A8DB" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Xerolycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92492E7CC24DAC7B0BBCF1730122D03" italics="true">Xerolycosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); wide square or rectangular septum covering whole atrium in
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<taxonomicName id="2E1D06E79E83582E09C29C23E012F1FA" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="42BFA84E96A9A054497274474AB5A498" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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(vs. pear-shaped, partly covering atrium in
|
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<taxonomicName id="3E649B17DED486EFA677F4798C100A26" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Xerolycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3262C44074785C652C0DF323C599C69A" italics="true">Xerolycosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); slit-like copulatory openings, presence of accessory tube-like glands in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4452264EF125F5E4DE40D149CE527023" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C199493B2BCB4DA8E2CEFD38C40FE4A" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DD6CF5FF997B3DB9C20867FF8AF0FD4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D vulva, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177919">3 C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5398D606AE8DF5AA61279D8B062F16C9" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Halocosa cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, bulb, ventral view D same, retrolateral view E left male palp, ventral view F same, retrolateral view G epigyne, ventral view H vulva, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177920">4 G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="77A90BF4A64968D18CE1AE32FEA2C402" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A left male pedipalp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; Co = conductor; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; HS = head of spermatheca; MA = median apophysis; Se = septum; SS = stalk of spermatheca; St = subtegulum; TA = terminal apophysis; Te = tegulum; Ts = tegular sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177922">6 C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F185FB17F909886907213E2ADD863BD4" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Halocosa hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, bulb, ventral view D same, retrolateral view E left male palp, ventral view F same, retrolateral view G epigyne, ventral view H vulva, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177923">7 G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs. glands absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60DBC62A2FB42D04D108C9323A1030F5" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Xerolycosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="938954C2C34A0712CD62E373C0C4A570" italics="true">Xerolycosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="AA19E4A45B6100F5A759439F3E60666E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure2" ID-arpha="66AA3A2C-353A-5649-8236-A05ED609E562" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177918" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="75CAF65BD22D5079D5F88A1924ABBD05">
|
||
<label id="0CE9718249ECBA38DBD1639591DF51F0">Figure 2.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="06C2EAE1FD0FC2DA19654B4BB3948A42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="729DCA4DB515B5389A0B3306D28B18A6" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||
<emphasis id="83AE3EF0E649022E620450CCB9A2CC7A" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis id="99AA6064EE5C2E347598ED0B0E98872B" bold="true">A, C, E, G</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2B82AC4684E21BE0842E85AB69EE5EF" authority="(L. Koch, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAF01EC9A59FEB4C2A7E5B03581A0B1E" italics="true">Halocosa cereipes</emphasis>
|
||
(L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6124E98933D0ADF98F23CCAB20431A36" author="Koch L" editor="Schneider O" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden" pagination="36-71" refId="B3" refString="Koch L (1878) Kaukasische Arachnoiden. In: Schneider O. (ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden 1878: 36 - 71, 159 - 160, [pl. 1 - 2]." title="Kaukasische Arachnoiden." volume="1878" volumeTitle="(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute." year="1878">Koch, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C0EA13248B9A726EE0A57284C87B7401" bold="true">B, D, F, H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7EFABA7CC19B67FC56D5874D3196CE1F" authority="(Urita, Tang & Song, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Urita, Tang & Song" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AF65EC000943A035567CE14700A612D" italics="true">Halocosa hatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FADECD7D1EF001B11BCE8FA3A58D16B5" author="Urita & Tang GM & Song DX" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition)" pagination="46-49" refId="B9" refString="Urita, Tang GM, Song DX (1993) Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 3: 46 - 49." title="Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae)." volume="3" year="1993">Urita, Tang & Song, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2E3765E28D65D9784B3EB5690E72B76A" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
carapace, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="07FEEB3FE5B35AAAABE038A9B4A0CE3C" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
chelicerae, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="E41AA029A99A15357E970919E1FC138C" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
tibia of leg I, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="F3616789571CD4CC7531887C2853869D" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
|
||
terminal apophysis and embolus, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E6767AE1BFB34894756A0BA507DA4D4B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure3" ID-arpha="A0AB891F-BF3A-58F4-A2B3-7A7AC369851A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177919" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="11FBBF04C0D1AAB7C16F25A67AD6379B">
|
||
<label id="5E0BAEA204A3A7F4C1ED987CFB99E9B4">Figure 3.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0F082AADA0FD764BD69BFD385E2992">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0E404F07E0E22173420A3A9F4FA3E28" authority="(L. Koch, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A61820FCD9FE88F4101BBF8BA110B6C" italics="true">Halocosa cereipes</emphasis>
|
||
(L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="036869D37A1EE5CE817E9758D0C43299" author="Koch L" editor="Schneider O" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden" pagination="36-71" refId="B3" refString="Koch L (1878) Kaukasische Arachnoiden. In: Schneider O. (ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden 1878: 36 - 71, 159 - 160, [pl. 1 - 2]." title="Kaukasische Arachnoiden." volume="1878" volumeTitle="(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute." year="1878">Koch, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3CEEE72B16867DC185FDC3576AB7C981" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
left male palp, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="87AE594F9BDBE43159FFE97A9F65D93E" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="B5DCAE4FDF8BFCEAD84347C982C85416" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="2AFBF3BE4BF52C15B70CAE8A3B10EC11" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
vulva, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="526883C29FFBE504036E83EE8CA446EC" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure4" ID-arpha="4ECA6244-AC3E-5A67-AD3E-43776D93A588" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177920" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="406849F6D01CD1AD41DCA11838972621">
|
||
<label id="D955A2524884F58075CE9A0CEF8A970A">Figure 4.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9298DC2F7F36E0E635AD7C916E16FE10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F06709E5A5B7B9BF5024A6A60822B9B" authority="(L. Koch, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="53032A01D3D85F3A5F15C76866317EB3" italics="true">Halocosa cereipes</emphasis>
|
||
(L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48D82BA0D8C742D18782011E9C7EEE49" author="Koch L" editor="Schneider O" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden" pagination="36-71" refId="B3" refString="Koch L (1878) Kaukasische Arachnoiden. In: Schneider O. (ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden 1878: 36 - 71, 159 - 160, [pl. 1 - 2]." title="Kaukasische Arachnoiden." volume="1878" volumeTitle="(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute." year="1878">Koch, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B1F63E593F0E821652714FF1DBB0183D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
male habitus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91C12620608B1DDD8AD2B6527EB6EB" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
female habitus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="F3E106D669B1464BBA90C1742A6323B2" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
left male palp, bulb, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="97122EC6DE5806E22B620A39F8063DE5" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="4C739ECE033B079DE6C64E0D95EC62DF" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||
left male palp, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="44858924AB212CEB17973C01DBD640E5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="E4B340C9D316159DC5D87250A3069883" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="6E5B947361A6DA52AF26E40FB4A4944C" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||
vulva, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="A685CA3B064A06257AD2994B6E2D5F9E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure5" ID-arpha="7CDA89E5-3FC6-57C3-89DE-BF099223EC7C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177921" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="87D964F75D50E703780C02E7C10F50C6">
|
||
<label id="18478BDA64DE997CCCEC5F7BC79009BB">Figure 5.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="605F456E990F82389C4E0A1011F9B0FB">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56804717CFBEB246C21D4D6729A3D311" authority="(L. Koch, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="2C694C863A8BA49947E6143EAAAA7AA2" italics="true">Halocosa cereipes</emphasis>
|
||
(L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="70035C928708F42F718E45F04A54DCB7" author="Koch L" editor="Schneider O" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden" pagination="36-71" refId="B3" refString="Koch L (1878) Kaukasische Arachnoiden. In: Schneider O. (ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden 1878: 36 - 71, 159 - 160, [pl. 1 - 2]." title="Kaukasische Arachnoiden." volume="1878" volumeTitle="(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute." year="1878">Koch, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DBF8DB17C1A1612CF7FB04B565749E" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
left male pedipalp, bulb, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="794D9D43E8138FF392D9FA45A38F1E63" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="16DB82411A0989DCEBB4F2D385814056" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
median apophysis and conductor, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="72CBDDFD4220B034C26F592DFA3A742A" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
embolic base, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="091CBE335A5E6340BF2918A61CB129F5" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||
median apophysis, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="E97AD36A481B74D0980AA28C5332D20C" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||
tegular sclerite, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9AC723555894052BEF633DE6538CB556" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure6" ID-arpha="2266F8F6-EABF-5AD9-AE7C-255C7924CC68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177922" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="7ADF51573FB46CFE2C4DBF68AEF8F69D">
|
||
<label id="D719E2581883917720271286FD71152F">Figure 6.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0703B4FC7EB17A98B2589EF5E871E0D2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43C57DFE4CBACE135A75098DE609137F" authority="(Urita, Tang & Song, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Urita, Tang & Song" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1649CE75F94C911D13C451C27B5F0DA" italics="true">Halocosa hatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E13E82BE6A71EC5E51D25E5FEA05A" author="Urita & Tang GM & Song DX" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition)" pagination="46-49" refId="B9" refString="Urita, Tang GM, Song DX (1993) Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 3: 46 - 49." title="Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae)." volume="3" year="1993">Urita, Tang & Song, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D52CE68BBAFB3686A452C8CD3EC01BFB" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
left male pedipalp, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBE9EA094755B9E2104FF75C94C103" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="EC4DFB9A8567195BAD1C28C27E9E196C" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="1E4EC23BA73A27A1B183EC877CD08A5D" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; Co = conductor; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; HS = head of spermatheca; MA = median apophysis; Se = septum; SS = stalk of spermatheca; St = subtegulum; TA = terminal apophysis; Te = tegulum; Ts = tegular sclerite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="24B94D54D2BCA6740123E78E41C25A28" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure7" ID-arpha="5580C6E6-3BB7-5671-8851-139D3B3748F0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177923" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="E90598C45BCB6EB126648F3518561BAF">
|
||
<label id="B9D310406F9713C4364FA99F8DCB8F92">Figure 7.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="93447226E13B8DB2B1D1FFF8E01263DA">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAD74D496FC338E842AD0C535A74CD30" authority="(Urita, Tang & Song, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Urita, Tang & Song" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E4EA8EEA3BBA1FD299E567A1303D68B" italics="true">Halocosa hatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3EB2986978573F00DAF535385FD36896" author="Urita & Tang GM & Song DX" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition)" pagination="46-49" refId="B9" refString="Urita, Tang GM, Song DX (1993) Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 3: 46 - 49." title="Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae)." volume="3" year="1993">Urita, Tang & Song, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="47E911781D22B01437A944830206E427" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
male habitus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="2D2A08F5F9A78467C9046D7F80814D30" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
female habitus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="8ED30D899CBFA068A9CCECBCEAB2C2BE" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
left male palp, bulb, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="ECE29A1DBB153724F6AA48B18D8DC2C3" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="AAFAF851207685E196F21380F5468297" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||
left male palp, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="C0EC9F9314979D8825FD2BA96A3E44A7" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="AC56A0F398FF7C8D46B901177631CBCA" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="F477597C2A3CAF17050A0BFF4E818E01" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||
vulva, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BA42F8D6FADE454E4263132FDE791987" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1218.137275.figure8" ID-arpha="07A33BD7-1B3D-5C18-B586-252EE0FAA9EC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1177924" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="38F3737F157D964AE21E08094CBA249A">
|
||
<label id="376BA49E9F76671A78C0670C016BF660">Figure 8.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="163B1FB8092F222243FCF9AC8C6B0DD7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78DDC88E1A28117C4BFD737CEE1021F4" authority="(Urita, Tang & Song, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Urita, Tang & Song" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="623113B8DA892BA3F3D7690304D62412" italics="true">Halocosa hatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D1C520480DF008B1BDA564D321A04B1" author="Urita & Tang GM & Song DX" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition)" pagination="46-49" refId="B9" refString="Urita, Tang GM, Song DX (1993) Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 3: 46 - 49." title="Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae)." volume="3" year="1993">Urita, Tang & Song, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D32A5324F7BCB224BCDBF2CDD978F06C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
left male pedipalp, bulb, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="E7922159246F5ECA2C9D587AE7705CF6" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="51B0B043F885DB25BC8D4DCD773FC379" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
median apophysis, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="C34F260FAE74BE3B82D554568584065F" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
median apophysis and conductor, retrolateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENGAE" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="24CC5512642E0503E6EA296C933248FA">
|
||
<heading id="3995CA3A95371C5F2EA3C6B098F58FA1" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B718861CE82611B2083E025C63159421">
|
||
Medium sized (6.4–13.21) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D3081685308DA9B213F110095F9D555" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" author="Azarkina and Trilikauskas" firstAuthor="Azarkina" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="555-570" refId="B2" refString="Azarkina GN, Trilikauskas LA (2019) Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878). Zootaxa 4629 (4): 555–570. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" title="Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878)." volume="4629" year="2019">Azarkina and Trilikauskas 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) light colored. Carapace dirty brown with pattern formed by yellowish spots: butterfly like spot around fovea, pair of bean-shaped spots posteriorly from eye field and three pairs of marginal round spots; sternum brown; dorsum of abdomen with variegated pattern formed by numerous paired and unpaired spots on dirty brown background, venter uniformly yellow. Carapace very low (length / height ratio c. 4), furrow between cephalic and thoracic parts absent. Chelicera with three pro- and three retromarginal teeth. Leg formula: 4123 or 4132. Femora I – IV with three dorsal spines, patella with one dorsal, tibia and metatarsi III and IV with two dorsal spines (not indicated in tables). Within the intraspecific, the dorsal spines on tibia and metatarsus can be strong or weak, almost indistinguishable from large setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6DF8136D4FCE77D2CCD2A3EBFAC05E07">
|
||
Palp with droplet-shaped cymbium, subtegulum (
|
||
<emphasis id="75717722530FE69BD4BF58A60605507B" italics="true">St</emphasis>
|
||
) small, placed on prolateral side; tegulum large, going rather high on prolateral side with long ridge (
|
||
<emphasis id="CD3D711E25EC5B544323DB444C295398" italics="true">Tr</emphasis>
|
||
) on prolateral side that hold and hide part of embolus (
|
||
<emphasis id="3865852E66AAA931AE020DB99D2A3805" italics="true">Em</emphasis>
|
||
); retrolateral part of tegulum with extension directed anteriorly, terminating by conductor, median part with tegular sclerite (
|
||
<emphasis id="CB092CB73FAD5D821B803B1D802790D4" italics="true">TS</emphasis>
|
||
); seminal duct thin, with “ sharp ” loop (
|
||
<emphasis id="F83906787BE186B387638D36FBCCCF61" italics="true">Sl</emphasis>
|
||
) on prolateral half; median apophysis located closer to retrolateral part of tegulum, without extensions, inner side of median apophysis with kind of pocket (or furrow) (
|
||
<emphasis id="AD18414CB3BDFCDAA72C5B833FC6C67A" italics="true">MA</emphasis>
|
||
), that holds tip of embolus and seems to serve as functional conductor; in retrolateral view median apophysis concave; embolic division with large sharply pointed terminal apophysis (
|
||
<emphasis id="34C0C7C2108D0E4CE5066799241C5B4E" italics="true">TA</emphasis>
|
||
) accompanied by membranous subterminal apophysis (
|
||
<emphasis id="62207996982634001AC72B1A4E50FC41" italics="true">SA</emphasis>
|
||
); embolus long whip-like, smoothly rounded, slightly bent near tip, making almost whole circle, partly hidden by tegular ridge and median apophysis, base of embolus located in position of 2 o’clock.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E93F4031AAF5AAFF5C587691371CE235">
|
||
Epigyne relatively small, one-fifth the width of the abdomen, densely covered with white setae to such extent that adult female could be considered as juvenile, especially in the field; fovea / atrium absent, totally covered with rectangular septum, septal stem absent, copulatory openings located in anterior part of epigynal plate, open into deep bulge which turns to wide, weakly sclerotized duct going straight down, near epigastral fold this duct turns up into strongly sclerotized, partly twisted, duct terminating by more or less clavate spermatheca; heavily sclerotized part of duct with finger-like or clavate accessorial gland (
|
||
<emphasis id="4335D3996C3BDC2A318B45AADCC529F9" italics="true">Ag</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAIAE" type="Relationships">
|
||
<paragraph id="37931776339A2A64B5C30C9533A9A19D">
|
||
<heading id="2BBDE146F054134340E4CDCF78526659" reason="title">Relationships.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="32BC11DF615A0BF0A05B55A91DEE5CB4">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B064646F77CB7378BAA293B8C2153450" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" author="Azarkina GN & Trilikauskas LA" firstAuthor="Azarkina" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="555-570" refId="B2" refString="Azarkina GN, Trilikauskas LA (2019) Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878). Zootaxa 4629 (4): 555–570. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" title="Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878)." volume="4629" year="2019">Azarkina and Trilikauskas (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed this genus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3405F03D8D99EA9468282418918F348" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lycosinae">Lycosinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to “ the latero-median origin of the embolus that is situated in a shallow and wide depression ”. This placement appears to be incorrect. All
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D71596CE875586337BF42FA2DBB7E02E" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lycosinae">Lycosinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have palea (lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FD6410DAE5D0B0956E8617A3B515EEE" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="201C5C82417B24E4800E9D6CD374762F" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the median apophysis originates prolaterally and stretches horizontally (vs. originates retrolaterally and stretches parallel to cymbium axis), and the septum is not covered with setae (with exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE17FB6360A33D25C1A0B75BC4E6D3F1" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1847" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Arctosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFCD92CAFE9C2B1D3ADD2533D9184E26" italics="true">Arctosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (vs. covered with setae). In addition, the carapace in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8326E99DB8C345F0BA242CEA0AA5E95" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6A6BF457F10BD515489CB26F477F5914" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very low, 3–4 times longer than high in comparison to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C5587893BA7BE0DCD91385F2E1E41029" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lycosinae">Lycosinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(c. 2.4 longer than wide). To the best of our knowledge, the copulatory organs of this genus, as well as the flattened carapace, fit well with those known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD757D3F9B67F1930231504044DA673C" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Evippinae">Evippinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE0A9ABBD8A75BA19A7C669E78D893D5" authorityName="Azarkina & Trilikauskas" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF3E09D43A0D8C3B64E9DA5184809C9" italics="true">Halocosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60F953C7CEE0CF1A689FB7547AFE3A3A" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Evippinae">Evippinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECKAE" type="Composition">
|
||
<paragraph id="402EA8100DA11C1ED67085C86734F7B3">
|
||
<heading id="8495420D3707BFB0BDDC4D1FB07ACDCC" reason="title">Composition.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="03E80DB00E1E8A7E889C7BD91CE1D4B7">
|
||
Two species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B37C8154EBEFF9F757128405221E82C0" authority="(L. Koch, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="20F5550890AF3482B9FDAAC8014F5619" italics="true">H. cereipes</emphasis>
|
||
(L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B9491B61C48944EB76B1F1F2222D4BE" author="Koch L" editor="Schneider O" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden" pagination="36-71" refId="B3" refString="Koch L (1878) Kaukasische Arachnoiden. In: Schneider O. (ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute. Sitzungs-Berichte der naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis in Dresden 1878: 36 - 71, 159 - 160, [pl. 1 - 2]." title="Kaukasische Arachnoiden." volume="1878" volumeTitle="(ed.) Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasusländer auf Grund seiner Sammelbeute." year="1878">Koch, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3C27FFD863074EDF66F798804A68EAC" authority="(Urita, Tang & Song, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Urita, Tang & Song" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1817351D2940D7F915C3EC4C50465C36" italics="true">H. hatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E2105DD92C93966209BF2C316E0E59F3" author="Urita & Tang GM & Song DX" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition)" pagination="46-49" refId="B9" refString="Urita, Tang GM, Song DX (1993) Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 3: 46 - 49." title="Two new species of the genus Pardosa from Inner Mongolia, China (Araneae, Lycosidae)." volume="3" year="1993">Urita, Tang & Song, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5KAE" type="biology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD29954472CD6E70DA568ED112B0BAEA">
|
||
<heading id="57C2054B912319A445C04F0746D49391" reason="title">Biology.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="02EA0BBFAE14F1D2F563A3C6131B9AE2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CAA8A387F2ED4953EBB12BEC8C6F999" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Halocosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cereipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="97C4CCE67A911F78D6E653649A9564C4" italics="true">Halocosa cereipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a dweller of saline places. It was collected around salt lakes (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FAA78541F5A55D5562DEC059768E547F" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FF7408DDDFB5BE86983F3FB437BC2F94" name="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, around the Aral Sea), and on the low seashore in the Crimea (personal data). The same habitats were reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BAEB213F2DA53BF369822A654F0B98BA" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" author="Azarkina GN & Trilikauskas LA" firstAuthor="Azarkina" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="555-570" refId="B2" refString="Azarkina GN, Trilikauskas LA (2019) Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878). Zootaxa 4629 (4): 555–570. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" title="Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878)." volume="4629" year="2019">Azarkina and Trilikauskas (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Numerous spots on the carapace and abdomen, and leg annulation make the spiders very cryptic, and invisible if they are not moving.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETLAE" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6DA31B68FB29274C2846EAD7180147AC">
|
||
<heading id="7438BEAF82D789028C99D7BCFDFC7163" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7CEBC874B79CAF66FE5030E2D67F46C">
|
||
From southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8AC6E0FC4AC7CA9658EE71567642C93E" name="Ukraine">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
to western
|
||
<collectingRegion id="27FADF569E4DCBD64BFD89FDB5F704CE" inferredBySuffix="true">Inner Mongolia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, south to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7B5CD76C11A291DEE93071B74973048C" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1D656FF2A3F6DBFD28F17A921DE28E4" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" author="Azarkina and Trilikauskas" firstAuthor="Azarkina" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="555-570" refId="B2" refString="Azarkina GN, Trilikauskas LA (2019) Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878). Zootaxa 4629 (4): 555–570. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4629.4.4" title="Halocosa gen. n., a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the Palaearctic, with a redescription of H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878)." volume="4629" year="2019">Azarkina and Trilikauskas 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DFE38E7DC3D3F34B4F4575D13F8A2BE5" DOI="10.24436/1" author="Nentwig" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nentwig" refId="B6" refString="Nentwig W, Blick T, Bosmans R, Gloor D, Hänggi A, Kropf C (2021) Spiders of Europe. Version 08.2021. https://doi.org/10.24436/1 [accessed on August 25]" year="2021">Nentwig et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7427DB568ECEE133BB88440CBE44021A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, known from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C78C10A04C2B794B6BD698683878D47D" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="552E085935C37EA8862ABB7E7BA86FE4" country="China" name="Ningxia">Ningxia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7AA59F2901A9F538F86C7D8E7F26579E" country="China" name="Qinghai">Qinghai</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5523D5A9AE25FAB8CE5E613FB490AA31" country="China" name="Nei Mongol">Inner Mongolia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(present paper).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |