224 lines
27 KiB
XML
224 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="F065337E063D6DA009420CA70E8C4B79" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.283210" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ddff626c-ceb5-4027-9607-bc5011561aff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="283210" ID-ZooBank="11A05DB6-4B22-4113-999E-183F7020233F" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460566711616" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shenkar, Noa" docDate="2013" docId="7639614EFFBBFFC5FF230092FBFD7BB4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03599p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3599 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhopalaea idoneta Shenkar, 2013, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="8A001936FFB9FFC0FFB4043EFFF77A40" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Rhopalaea (Class: Ascidiacea) from the Red Sea" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1698321148928" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="FC3D50ECAD96647EB8F409B544D2AB4F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A4BC84FA7DDE8668A58DE1450DB61D34">
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<mods:title id="92A6C38AFD617E6733C3908D1463B52B">A new species of the genus Rhopalaea (Class: Ascidiacea) from the Red Sea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="26815EA650C113F8E8AA78D9FED352ED" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3C55933DDD89471F8E25B5BD112DB222">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6F218602B226AECC604BDFBF3644B04A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7F417C112CE1A59A4E4BF1651FA64311">Shenkar, Noa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2033459A6ECB80813ED71806AECF32C7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="E34B892D1AC31D728D3A3623C03BA2FB" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4E331E7AFBFF31E6A1A521300071F182">
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<mods:title id="6D4FEF9072BEE3DB9C623101AA427A67">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5B63E7F1F11F61C888F18B4DECCE5D85">
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<mods:date id="49105112652C6080733FB1F63F1C78D9">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="88029C0E2896A01906753F13164568B5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FEF300A7F1C9DB3E121A65DD4A898575">3599</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="34CD89E84D3ECE896F86C401F6C7845F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D29120EB593657CD46D14AFCC53697BF">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="14DCE6ACD94A07739FCE8D7F6B57A875" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="271AB5E93A75E04180B889038E788986">51</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CBD2F667CB8F6C3C999818076945D463">58</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="069003324150BF7AA094959F524072F0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B55E459D98547C0E10B0DF54B219BA90" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.283210</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="28D2CF2C8AC36C70F1A3CE7E104161A9" type="GBIF-Dataset">ddff626c-ceb5-4027-9607-bc5011561aff</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D314AC9A1A89D3F9ACD6768B9B34877D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="177D64AE24492767B8B5F1E6F94B7C37" type="Zenodo-Dep">283210</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1D9515928A75797710C84B733E22F590" type="ZooBank">11A05DB6-4B22-4113-999E-183F7020233F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="7639614EFFBBFFC5FF230092FBFD7BB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5620607" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127663019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5620607" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7639614EFFBBFFC5FF230092FBFD7BB4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7639614EFFBBFFC5FF230092FBFD7BB4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="B68A83D3FFBBFFC2FF230092FE347E86" box="[151,451,1196,1222]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF230092FE347E86" blockId="2.[151,563,1126,1222]" box="[151,451,1196,1222]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="A5676734FFBBFFC2FF230092FE347E86" bold="true" box="[151,451,1196,1222]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBBFFC2FF230092FE347E86" bold="true" box="[151,451,1196,1222]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="3990ABDBFFBBFFC2FF230092FE8E7E86" box="[151,377,1196,1222]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idoneta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBBFFC2FF230092FE8E7E86" bold="true" box="[151,377,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Rhopalaea idoneta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7D7B131FFBBFFC2FE340092FE347E86" box="[384,451,1196,1222]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B68A83D3FFBBFFC5FF2300CDFBFD7BB4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF2300CDFCCB7F4B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" box="[151,828,1267,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Etymology: named after my children, Ido and Neta Shenkar.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF730129FE2E7FE3" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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Material examined:
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<collectingCountry id="868790C8FFBBFFC2FE190129FE197F6F" box="[429,494,1303,1327]" name="Israel" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Israel</collectingCountry>
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, Gulf of Aqaba (Elat).
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<geoCoordinate id="9BA4B69FFFBBFFC2FD4F0129FC937F6F" box="[763,868,1303,1327]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="29.5">29°30' N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="9BA4B69FFFBBFFC2FCC60129FC207F6F" box="[882,983,1303,1327]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="34.933334">34°56' E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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<typeStatus id="212B6EFAFFBBFFC2FC510129FBA57F6F" box="[997,1106,1303,1327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: TAU-AS25430, sampled on
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<date id="8A2EF698FFBBFFC2FF230100FEBF7F16" box="[151,328,1339,1366]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2008-03-07">March 7th, 2008</date>
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at
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FED80100FE697F16" box="[364,414,1342,1366]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="13.0">13m</quantity>
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depth from the natural coral reef in front of the Inter University Institute.
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<typeStatus id="212B6EFAFFBBFFC2FB5D0101FAB87F16" box="[1257,1359,1343,1366]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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: TAU-
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<collectingCountry id="868790C8FFBBFFC2FF23015AFF4D7F3C" box="[151,186,1380,1404]" name="American Samoa" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">AS</collectingCountry>
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25228 (Oil port
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FEC2015AFE5D7F3C" box="[374,426,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="20.0">20m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="8A2EF698FFBBFFC2FE0C015AFD807F3C" box="[440,631,1377,1404]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2005-03-16">March 16th 2005</date>
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), TAU-AS25258 (Oil port
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FC1F015AFC287F3C" box="[939,991,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="14.0">14m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="8A2EF698FFBBFFC2FC59015BFB517F3C" box="[1005,1190,1377,1405]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2005-08-04">August 4th 2005</date>
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), TAU-AS25501 (Oil port,
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FF6601B5FEF17FE3" box="[210,262,1419,1443]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="20.0">20m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="8A2EF698FFBBFFC2FEA601B5FE397FE3" box="[274,462,1416,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2005-03-15">March 15th 2005</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF730191FBF07F87" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" box="[199,1031,1455,1479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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The National Collections of Natural History at Tel Aviv University,
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<collectingCountry id="868790C8FFBBFFC2FC750191FBF47F87" box="[961,1027,1455,1479]" name="Israel" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Israel</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF2301EDFE7E7FAB" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" box="[151,393,1491,1516]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBBFFC2FF2301EDFE7E7FAB" bold="true" box="[151,393,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">External appearance</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF7301C6FE547D6F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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A solitary species with a cylindrical thorax
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FD7301C9FCE47C4F" box="[711,787,1527,1551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5cm</quantity>
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long, which is often the only part of the animal that is visible. The tunic is smooth and free of epibionts. The body is divided into distinct abdominal and thoracic regions, connected by a narrow neck. The abdomen is often buried in cervices or coral branches with a firm attachment by the test that is ramified to branched root-like extensions (
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<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBBFFC2FC96025DFC927C3B" box="[802,869,1635,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1190,1213]" captionTargetBox="[172,1413,329,1168]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[172,1414,329,1169]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. External appearance of Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. Scale bar 1 cm. Paratype AS 25501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). These well developed extensions of tough tunic are difficult to separate from the natural substrate, and often only the thorax part is available to observe. The
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FAC602B9FF347C83" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
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thick gelatinous tunic is completely uncolored and transparent allowing the branchial sac fine structure to be visible to divers even underwater (
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<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBBFFC2FD9802F1FD827CA7" box="[556,629,1743,1767]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1993,2016]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. In the field, only thoracic part is noticeable." pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). The siphons are simple round holes with six lobes in the branchial siphon, and eight lobes in the atrial siphon (
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<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBBFFC2FD3902CDFD267D4B" box="[653,721,1779,1803]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,534,557]" captionTargetBox="[233,1360,193,512]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[226,1361,193,513]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Atrial siphon, scale bar 1 mm B. Pigment dots in between the atrial siphonal lobes, scale bar 1 mm. C. Left side, scale bar 1 cm. Arrows pointing out to the longitudinal muscles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283212/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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a). In between the lobes there are 5–7 yellow (in live material) pigment spots (
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<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBBFFC2FEF70329FE727D6F" box="[323,389,1815,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,534,557]" captionTargetBox="[233,1360,193,512]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[226,1361,193,513]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Atrial siphon, scale bar 1 mm B. Pigment dots in between the atrial siphonal lobes, scale bar 1 mm. C. Left side, scale bar 1 cm. Arrows pointing out to the longitudinal muscles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283212/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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b).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC2FF230305FE747D13" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" box="[151,387,1851,1876]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBBFFC2FF230305FE747D13" bold="true" box="[151,387,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Internal appearance</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBBFFC3FF730361FEF67AB7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1267,2019]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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The body wall is thin and delicate. About 15–17 longitudinal muscle bundles stretch in parallel from both siphons to the ventral side, only few bundles are ramified toward the endostyle (figure
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<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBBFFC2FBCB03BDFB347DDB" box="[1151,1219,1923,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,534,557]" captionTargetBox="[233,1360,193,512]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[226,1361,193,513]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Atrial siphon, scale bar 1 mm B. Pigment dots in between the atrial siphonal lobes, scale bar 1 mm. C. Left side, scale bar 1 cm. Arrows pointing out to the longitudinal muscles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283212/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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c). The oral siphon has about 12 circular muscles. There are 12 elongated oral tentacles, about
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBBFFC2FC480399FBC97DFF" box="[1020,1086,1959,1983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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long. The tentacles are of one order size, and extend from the level of the third muscle band. No small tentacles were observed between the elongated tentacles. In a relaxed specimen with a
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBAFFC3FD4E04A9FCCF7AEF" box="[762,824,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
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thoracic part, the opening of the branchial siphon measured about
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<quantity id="39687DBDFFBAFFC3FEED0482FE687A94" box="[345,415,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="0.7">0.7cm</quantity>
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(specimen
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<collectingCountry id="868790C8FFBAFFC3FD9F0482FDA77A94" box="[555,592,188,212]" name="American Samoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">AS</collectingCountry>
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25430). The atrial siphon too has about 12 bundles of circular muscles (
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||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBAFFC3FF2B04E1FF137AB7" box="[159,228,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,534,557]" captionTargetBox="[233,1360,193,512]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[226,1361,193,513]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Atrial siphon, scale bar 1 mm B. Pigment dots in between the atrial siphonal lobes, scale bar 1 mm. C. Left side, scale bar 1 cm. Arrows pointing out to the longitudinal muscles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283212/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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a).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="AAEF80D0FFBAFFC3FF230098FB987EFC" box="[151,1135,1190,1213]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[172,1413,329,1168]" targetPageId="3">
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||
<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBAFFC3FF230098FB987EFC" blockId="3.[151,1135,1190,1213]" box="[151,1135,1190,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBAFFC3FF230098FEE47EFB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1190,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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External appearance of
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<taxonomicName id="3990ABDBFFBAFFC3FDBC0098FD3F7EFC" box="[520,712,1190,1212]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idoneta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBAFFC3FDBC0098FD3F7EFC" box="[520,712,1190,1212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Rhopalaea idoneta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBAFFC3FD7B0099FCFF7EFC" bold="true" box="[719,776,1191,1212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7D7B131FFBAFFC3FD7B0099FCFF7EFC" box="[719,776,1191,1212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Scale bar 1 cm. Paratype AS25501
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="AAEF80D0FFBAFFC3FF2303F7FC2D7D9F" box="[151,986,1993,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBAFFC3FF2303F7FC2D7D9F" blockId="3.[151,986,1993,2016]" box="[151,986,1993,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBAFFC3FF2303F7FEE47D9E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1993,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3990ABDBFFBAFFC3FEAD03F7FE2E7D9F" box="[281,473,1993,2015]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idoneta" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBAFFC3FEAD03F7FE2E7D9F" box="[281,473,1993,2015]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Rhopalaea idoneta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBAFFC3FE6B03F4FDEF7D9F" bold="true" box="[479,536,1994,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7D7B131FFBAFFC3FE6B03F4FDEF7D9F" box="[479,536,1994,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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In the field, only thoracic part is noticeable.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="AAEF80D0FFBDFFC4FF230628FBB7780B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283212/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[233,1360,193,512]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBDFFC4FF230628FBB7780B" blockId="4.[151,1436,534,587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FF230628FEE3786C" bold="true" box="[151,276,534,557]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3990ABDBFFBDFFC4FEAF0629FE2B786D" box="[283,476,535,557]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idoneta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FEAF0629FE2B786D" box="[283,476,535,557]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Rhopalaea idoneta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FE500629FDC9786C" bold="true" box="[484,574,535,556]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7D7B131FFBDFFC4FE500629FDE9786C" box="[484,542,535,556]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Atrial siphon, scale bar 1 mm
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FCCA0629FC62786C" bold="true" box="[894,917,535,556]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Pigment dots in between the atrial siphonal lobes, scale bar 1mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FE83060AFEB8780B" bold="true" box="[311,335,564,587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Left side, scale bar 1cm. Arrows pointing out to the longitudinal muscles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="AAEF80D0FFBDFFC4FF230126FED57F0C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283213/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[340,1247,637,1282]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBDFFC4FF230126FED57F0C" blockId="4.[151,1437,1304,1357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FF230126FEE77F6D" bold="true" box="[151,272,1304,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3990ABDBFFBDFFC4FEA20126FE267F6E" box="[278,465,1304,1326]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idoneta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FEA20126FE267F6E" box="[278,465,1304,1326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Rhopalaea idoneta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FE630127FDDA7F6D" bold="true" box="[471,557,1304,1326]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7D7B131FFBDFFC4FE630127FDF87F6E" box="[471,527,1305,1326]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal tubercle
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FD640127FD117F6E" bold="true" box="[720,742,1305,1326]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Neural ganglion
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FC270126FC5C7F6F" bold="true" box="[915,939,1304,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal lamina
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FBF60127FBAD7F6E" bold="true" box="[1090,1114,1305,1326]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Stigmata shape. Scale bar 1mm. Photo: A. Gur
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="AAEF80D0FFBDFFC4FF230365FB437D31" box="[151,1204,1883,1906]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283214/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[340,1247,1407,1860]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBDFFC4FF230365FB437D31" blockId="4.[151,1204,1883,1906]" box="[151,1204,1883,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FF230365FEE57D31" bold="true" box="[151,274,1883,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3990ABDBFFBDFFC4FEAD0365FE2E7D31" box="[281,473,1883,1905]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idoneta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FEAD0365FE2E7D31" box="[281,473,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Rhopalaea idoneta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE40C4AFFBDFFC4FE6B0362FDEF7D31" bold="true" box="[479,536,1884,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7D7B131FFBDFFC4FE6B0362FDEF7D31" box="[479,536,1884,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
rectal region. Arrows pointing out to the genital papilla and anus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBDFFC5FF7303A0FB697BEC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1950,2010]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
The perypharyngeal band has a single blade, slightly curved in a V-shape, with a protruding dorsal tubercle opening in a curved slit, about
|
||
<quantity id="39687DBDFFBDFFC4FE4603FCFDBF7D9A" box="[498,584,1986,2010]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBDFFC4FD7503FCFCF27D9A" box="[705,773,1986,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,248,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,637,1282]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,637,1283]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Dorsal tubercle B. Neural ganglion C. Dorsal lamina D. Stigmata shape. Scale bar 1 mm. Photo: A. Gur" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283213/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a). The large neural gland has a single pigment spot toward the dorsal side of the animal, is slightly branched, and lies below the dorsal tubercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBCFFC5FBD104A9FB5D7AEF" box="[1125,1194,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,248,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,637,1282]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,637,1283]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Dorsal tubercle B. Neural ganglion C. Dorsal lamina D. Stigmata shape. Scale bar 1 mm. Photo: A. Gur" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283213/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
b). The dorsal lamina begins right after the first row of stigmata. It is constructed with numerous (about 40) triangle base pointy languets, as long as five rows of stigmata (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBCFFC5FD9704E1FD9B7AB7" box="[547,620,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,248,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,637,1282]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,637,1283]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Dorsal tubercle B. Neural ganglion C. Dorsal lamina D. Stigmata shape. Scale bar 1 mm. Photo: A. Gur" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283213/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
c). The branchial sac is thin and flat with between 44–47 longitudinal vessels at each side, and 50–60 rows of stigmata. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="212B6EFAFFBCFFC5FCBC053AFC9D7B5C" box="[776,874,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
had 44 longitudinal vessels on each side, and 47 rows of stigmata. The stigmata are straight and There are about 4-5 stigmata per mesh (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBCFFC5FBD00519FB507B7F" box="[1124,1191,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,248,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,637,1282]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,637,1283]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. A. Dorsal tubercle B. Neural ganglion C. Dorsal lamina D. Stigmata shape. Scale bar 1 mm. Photo: A. Gur" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283213/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
d). The rectum is long and goes side by side to the esophagus, with the anus and gonoduct opening posterior to the branchial sac toward the right side of the animal. The anus has two lips, each with about ten rounded small lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBCFFC5FB0B0551FAF27BC7" box="[1215,1285,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1407,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,1406,1861]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. rectal region. Arrows pointing out to the genital papilla and anus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283214/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genital papilla is constructed from four small lobes located at short distance under the anus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBCFFC5FBF805AAFB677BEC" box="[1100,1168,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1407,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,1406,1861]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. rectal region. Arrows pointing out to the genital papilla and anus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283214/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE2FD058FFBCFFC5FF730589FBFD7BB4" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The abdominal structures are not visible as the entire abdomen is embedded in an opaque pinkish tissue (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66ABCCDDFFBCFFC5FADB0589FF537BB4" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1190,1213]" captionTargetBox="[172,1413,329,1168]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[172,1414,329,1169]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. External appearance of Rhopalaea idoneta n. sp. Scale bar 1 cm. Paratype AS 25501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283211/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, it was possible to follow a white gonoduct on top of the stomach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |