treatments-xml/data/21/2B/29/212B296CFFF96212FF105611EF73FD87.xml

<document id="27BF68AD2BCB29773979B4CFAEB80E1D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.277420" ID-GBIF-Dataset="af67df2c-aefe-43a7-94d6-73632fc3a76b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="277420" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460301946937" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tang, Chang-Ti, Melika, George, Yang, Man-Miao, Nicholls, James A. &amp; Stone, Graham N." docDate="2011" docId="212B296CFFF96212FF105611EF73FD87" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02865p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2865" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Plagiotrochus glaucus Melika &amp; Tang, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="DD125114FFF0621DFF87514DEC53FFBB" masterDocTitle="New species of oak gallwasps from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698252792263" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6DFDC93FDC6058561CCFF97365F707B9">New species of oak gallwasps from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6C1118729E5F3FA3B94B1E53FDD01964">Tang, Chang-Ti</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2D97B2F96599BBF4683C03A40CFBF4AB">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8BE8DD46951DC8E899DF2740537EED61">Yang, Man-Miao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4E5ACD5AA462BAC9A4CF7FC828862EF3">Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9B5B2EE086F11DEDEEBDEFD572AFEFE5">Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="BAF6DC5A747990AA10339FA54FFCC684">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="212B296CFFF96212FF105611EF73FD87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184037" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119399994" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184037" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:212B296CFFF96212FF105611EF73FD87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/212B296CFFF96212FF105611EF73FD87" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFF96214FF105611ED47F82D" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFF96214FF105611EF5AF8CE" blockId="9.[151,777,1883,1942]" box="[151,777,1883,1910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<heading id="F2752F16FFF96214FF105611EF5AF8CE" bold="true" box="[151,777,1883,1910]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFF96214FF105611EF5AF8CE" bold="true" box="[151,777,1883,1910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFF96214FF105611EE3FF8CE" authority="Melika &amp; Tang" authorityName="Melika &amp; Tang" box="[151,620,1883,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFF96214FF105611EDF5F8CD" bold="true" box="[151,422,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Plagiotrochus glaucus</emphasis>
Melika &amp; Tang
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="80C5F913FFF96214FDFE5616EF5AF8CE" box="[633,777,1883,1909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFF96214FF105633ED47F82D" blockId="9.[151,777,1883,1942]" box="[151,276,1918,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<figureCitation id="31B984FFFFF96214FF105633ED47F82D" box="[151,276,1918,1942]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 39 – 44" captionStart-1="FIGURES 45 – 50" captionStart-2="FIGURES 51 – 56" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,264,1820,1843]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,264,1693,1716]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1408,568,1883]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1413,209,1799]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1672]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[151,1436,553,1931]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1799]" captionTargetId-2="figure@13.[151,1436,185,1672]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 39 – 44. Plagiotrochus glaucus, new species, female: 39 – 43, head: 39, anterior view, 40, dorsal view, 41, posterior view, 42, clypeus and lower face, anterior view. 43, mouthparts and postgenal bridge, posterior view. 44, antenna." captionText-1="FIGURES 45 – 50. Plagiotrochus glaucus, new species, female: 45, mesoscutum, dorsal view, 46, mesoscutellum, dorsal view, 47, pronotum and propleuron, anterior view, 48, mesosoma, lateral view, 49, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view, 50, hind tarsal claw." captionText-2="FIGURES 51 – 56. Plagiotrochus glaucus, new species, female: 51, forewing, 52, metasoma, female, lateral view, 53, ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. 54 – 56, gall (photos by J. Nicholls)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/277427/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/277428/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/277429/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Figs 39–56</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFF96217FF10568AEFCCFF4C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFF96217FF10568AEFCCFF4C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1990,2015]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFF96214FF10568AED10F864" bold="true" box="[151,323,1990,2015]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFF96214FF10568AEC83F864" box="[151,208,1991,2015]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFF96214FECB568BEDB3F865" box="[332,480,1990,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
female: 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFF96214FDC5568AEEE2F864" box="[578,689,1991,2015]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
, Nantou County, Lienhuachih Forest Research Centre, ex 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFF96217FAB9568AECB0FF0B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFF96217FAB9568AECB0FF0B" italics="true" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="DD3CBEBAFFFA6217FF7351DAED3EFF14" box="[244,365,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" value="2008-10-23">23.X.2008</date>
. leg. J. Nicholls. Thirty-four female 
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FC9151DAEFE2FF14" box="[790,945,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
with the same labels as the 
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FB7951DAE937FF14" box="[1278,1380,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The female 
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FF6951F1ED03FF6F" box="[238,336,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 5 
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FE2051F0EE41FF6E" box="[423,530,189,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are deposited in 
<collectionCode id="CF9300BFFFFA6217FD6651F1EF66FF6F" box="[737,821,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2nry-s1yg" name="National Museum of Natural Science" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">NMNS</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="BF8453F3FFFA6217FCC351F1EFE4FF6F" box="[836,951,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="female">15 female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FC4551F0E87EFF6E" box="[962,1069,189,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in PDL, 
<specimenCount id="BF8453F3FFFA6217FB2751F1E956FF6F" box="[1184,1285,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="female">4 female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FA9751F0E928FF6E" box="[1296,1403,189,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in 
<collectionCode id="CF9300BFFFFA6217FF105192ECB8FF4C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[151,235,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">USNM</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="BF8453F3FFFA6217FF715192ED04FF4C" box="[246,343,223,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="female">4 female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FED951ADED9AFF43" box="[350,457,224,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in 
<collectionCode id="CF9300BFFFFA6217FE6A51ADEE16FF43" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[493,581,224,248]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">AMNH</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="BF8453F3FFFA6217FDD75192EEE2FF4C" box="[592,689,223,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="female">5 female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFA6217FD3E51ADEF77FF43" box="[697,804,224,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in 
<collectionCode id="CF9300BFFFFA6217FCCF5192EFC8FF4C" box="[840,923,223,247]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e7yf-mhkb" name="National Chung Hsing University" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">NCHU</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFFA6217FF425049E907FEA7" box="[197,1364,260,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFA6217FF425049E907FEA7" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,500]" box="[197,1364,260,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FF425049ED1FFEA7" bold="true" box="[197,332,260,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after the host plant, 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFA6217FCA05048E863FEA7" authority="Thunb." authorityName="Thunb." box="[807,1072,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FCA05048EF8BFEA7" box="[807,984,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
Thunb.
</taxonomicName>
on which it induces galls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFFA6217FF42506AED13FE4F" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFA6217FF42506AED13FE4F" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FF42506AED6CFEFB" bold="true" box="[197,319,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
There are no 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFA6217FE675065EE2DFEFB" box="[480,638,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FE675065EE2DFEFB" box="[480,638,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Plagiotrochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species known from the Far East of 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFA6217FBA4506AE822FE84" box="[1059,1137,295,319]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Russia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFA6217FBFA5065E8EEFE84" box="[1149,1213,296,319]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Japan</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFA6217FB71506AE96FFE84" box="[1270,1340,295,319]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">China</collectingCountry>
, thus no obvious species to compare with 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFA6217FD975000EED0FEDF" box="[528,643,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FD975000EED0FEDF" box="[528,643,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">P. glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. More details are presented in Comments below. But the species does possess the diagnostic characters of 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFA6217FDB6503DEE9CFE33" box="[561,719,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FDB6503DEE9CFE33" box="[561,719,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Plagiotrochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: malar sulcus absent, lower face with few striae radiating from clypeus; mesoscutum transversely rugose, 1.3-2.0 times longer than broad; central propodeal area broad, delimited by strongly outwards curved lateral propodeal carinae; median longitudinal carina present; forewing margin always with long cilia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="FDFDC8F2FFFA6217FF1056EDE945F86E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277427/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[166,1408,568,1883]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFA6217FF1056EDE945F86E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1952,2005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FF1056EDED07F80D" bold="true" box="[151,340,1952,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">FIGURES 39–44.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFA6217FEDB56EDEE13F80D" box="[348,576,1952,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FEDB56EDEE13F80D" box="[348,576,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Plagiotrochus glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFA6217FDC956ECEE98F80C" bold="true" box="[590,715,1952,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="80C5F913FFFA6217FDC956ECEE98F80C" box="[590,715,1952,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female: 39–43, head: 39, anterior view, 40, dorsal view, 41, posterior view, 42, clypeus and lower face, anterior view. 43, mouthparts and postgenal bridge, posterior view. 44, antenna.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFFB6210FF4251DAED8EF81C" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFB6216FF4251DAEF83FF6F" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFB6216FF4251DAED05FF0B" bold="true" box="[197,342,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Description.</emphasis>
ASEXUAL FEMALE. Entire body uniformly chestnut reddish brown, with slightly lighter genae, antennae and legs; metasoma slightly darker dorsally and laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFB6216FF425192EEB7FCC4" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Head massive, rounded in anterior view, dull, rugose, with some white setae, more dense setation in lower face; 1.9–2.0 times broader than long from above, 1.2 times broader than high and slightly broader than mesosoma in anterior view. Gena uniformly and delicately coriaceous to reticulate, broadened behind eye, nearly as broad as cross diameter of eye; malar area coriaceous, with some striae extending to eye margin, 0.4 times height of eye. Inner margins of compound eyes slightly converging ventrally. POL 0.8 times OOL; OOL 3.6 times longer than lateral ocellus and 2.7 times LOL; all ocelli elongated, ovate, of same size and shape. Transfacial distance 1.2 times height of eye; diameter of antennal toruli 2.2 times larger than distance between them, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.2 times diameter of torulus; lower face coriaceous, with dense white setation; rugae irradiating from clypeus extending into area between eye and torulus; median elevated area of lower face coriaceous. Clypeus rounded, nearly as broad as high, emarginate, without median incision ventrally, alutaceous to glabrous, with small elevated rugose central area; anterior tentorial pit distinct, large, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct, deep. Frons rugose, shiny, with small smooth, shiny impression below median ocellus, with some white setae; interocellar area with strong rugae. Vertex and occiput uniformly coriaceous. Postocciput and postgena reticulate, shiny, impressed around occipital foramen, with some setae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep; height of occipital foramen nearly equal to height of coriaceous postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus, not united medially. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, slightly longer than mesosoma; pedicel longer than broad; F1 1.2 times longer than F2, 1.7 times longer than pedicel and nearly equal to length of scape; F2–F4 progressively shorter; F5–F11 nearly equal in length; F12 1.7 times longer than F11; placodeal sensilla present on F3–F12, absent on F1–F2.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFB6216FF4252C0E8B4F9CE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
Mesosoma elongate, 1.3 times longer than high. Pronotum dull, rugose, with some white setae, rugae with anastomoses, area between rugae smooth, shiny; propleuron brown, delicately coriaceous to alutaceous, shiny, concave in medio-central part. Mesoscutum uniformly dull, rugose, with rugae orientated mainly transversely, with numerous anastomoses; slightly longer than broad (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of the base of tegulae), with very few short, white setae. Notauli complete, deep, distinctly impressed, slightly converging at posterior end, with transverse rugae on bottom; anterior parallel and parapsidal lines hardly traceable in polished smooth areas; median mesoscutal line as short as longitudinal impression (sometimes hardly traceable); parascutal carina narrow. Mesoscutellum quadrangular, broader in posterior 1/4, longer than broad, only very slightly overhanging metanotum, uniformly dull, rugose, with irregular strong rugae, areas between rugae smooth, shiny; scutellar foveae slightly ovate or transverse, occupying 1/3–1/5 length of mesoscutellum, with smooth, shiny bottom, with elevated narrow, smooth median carina, separating foveae; foveae absent or very indistinct in some 
<typeStatus id="763926D8FFFB6216FAE555B8EC85FA8A" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. Mesopleuron reticulate in upper half, with numerous transversely orientated delicate striae (rugae) medially, especially in anterior half; mesopleuron coriaceous ventrad to median transverse rugae, with more dense white setation; acetabular carina delimiting very narrow area; dorsal axillar area narrow, coriaceous to rugose, with some setae; lateral axillar area smooth, shiny, with some setae and rugae; subaxillular bar smooth, shiny, posteriormost part narrower than height of metanotal trough; postalar process with parallel delicate striae; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in upper third of its height. Metascutellum uniformly coriaceous, metanotal trough smooth, shiny, with some short, white setae; ventral impressed area nearly as high as height of metascutellum, smooth, with distinct longitudinal striae; central propodeal area smooth, shiny, without or with very few irregular, delicate wrinkles, lateral propodeal carinae distinct, curved outwards in posterior third; lateral propodeal area rugose, with dense, long, white setation. Nucha very short, smooth, shiny, without irregular wrinkles and rugae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFB6216FF4257CDEDBFF8BF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Tarsal claws simple, without basal lobe. Forewing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct, long, dense ciliation on margin, radial cell 3.7 times longer than broad; R1 nearly straight, Rs reaching wing margin and for a short distance following margin; areolet large, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct throughout, reaching basalis somewhat posterior to middle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFB6216FF42565CEE03F867" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma or slightly shorter, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergite occupying more than half length of metasoma in dorsal view, without setae laterally, all subsequent tergites without setae, smooth, shining. Narrow posterior band on 2nd metasomal tergite and all subsequent tergites entirely uniformly, densely, minutely punctured. Ventral spine of hypopygium very short, prominent part as long as broad, with sparse, long white subapical setation, extending far beyond apex of spine, with many long setae ventrally. Body length 
<quantity id="6E7A359FFFFB6216FEE85689EDA5F867" box="[367,502,1988,2012]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.8 mm</quantity>
(n=20).
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDFDC8F2FFFC6211FF105651EDCCF8CB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277428/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[165,1413,209,1799]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFC6211FF105651EDCCF8CB" blockId="12.[151,1436,1820,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFC6211FF105651ED00F889" bold="true" box="[151,339,1820,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">FIGURES 45–50.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFC6211FEDD5650EE6EF888" box="[346,573,1821,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFC6211FEDD5650EE6EF888" box="[346,573,1821,1843]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Plagiotrochus glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFC6211FDCD5650EE95F888" bold="true" box="[586,710,1820,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="80C5F913FFFC6211FDCD5650EE95F888" box="[586,710,1820,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female: 45, mesoscutum, dorsal view, 46, mesoscutellum, dorsal view, 47, pronotum and propleuron, anterior view, 48, mesosoma, lateral view, 49, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view, 50, hind tarsal claw.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FDFDC8F2FFFD6210FF1057D0EF31F969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277429/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1672]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFD6210FF1057D0EF31F969" blockId="13.[151,1436,1693,1746]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFD6210FF1057D0ED06F908" bold="true" box="[151,341,1693,1716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">FIGURES 51–56.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFD6210FEDB57D3EE12F90F" box="[348,577,1694,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFD6210FEDB57D3EE12F90F" box="[348,577,1694,1716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Plagiotrochus glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFD6210FDC957D3EE98F90F" bold="true" box="[590,715,1693,1716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="80C5F913FFFD6210FDC957D3EE98F90F" box="[590,715,1693,1716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female: 51, forewing, 52, metasoma, female, lateral view, 53, ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. 54–56, gall (photos by J. Nicholls).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFD6210FF4257B3ED8EF81C" blockId="13.[151,1436,1790,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFD6210FF4257B3ECABF8AC" bold="true" box="[197,248,1790,1815]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Gall</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="31B984FFFFFD6210FE8057B2EDDAF8AC" box="[263,393,1791,1815]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 56" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1693,1716]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,185,1672]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 56. Plagiotrochus glaucus, new species, female: 51, forewing, 52, metasoma, female, lateral view, 53, ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. 54 – 56, gall (photos by J. Nicholls)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277429/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Figs 54–56</figureCitation>
). The gall is a swelling of branches and twigs, usually located in middle of twig, not apically; sometimes swellings at joints of twigs; up to 6.0 cm long, 
<quantity id="6E7A359FFFFD6210FCA5566EEFCCF880" box="[802,927,1827,1851]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 cm</quantity>
in diameter, coloured the same as the bark of twigs. When the gall mature, tissues hard, lignified. Larval chambers (up to 
<quantity id="6E7A359FFFFD6210FC6C560AE869F8E4" box="[1003,1082,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in length and 
<quantity id="6E7A359FFFFD6210FB5D560AE964F8E4" box="[1242,1335,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
in diameter) arranged perpendicularly to main axis of gall, radiating from center of twig toward gall surface, reaching to 
<quantity id="6E7A359FFFFD6210FA075626EC84F81C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2– 3 mm</quantity>
from surface (
<figureCitation id="31B984FFFFFD6210FEFB56C2ED83F81C" box="[380,464,1935,1959]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 56" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1693,1716]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,185,1672]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 56. Plagiotrochus glaucus, new species, female: 51, forewing, 52, metasoma, female, lateral view, 53, ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. 54 – 56, gall (photos by J. Nicholls)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277429/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFFD6210FF4256FEE95BF854" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFD6210FF4256FEE95BF854" blockId="13.[151,1436,1790,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFD6210FF4256FEED77F877" bold="true" box="[197,292,1971,1996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Biology.</emphasis>
Only the asexual generation is known, inducing stem swelling-like galls on 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFD6210FB0D56F9E968F870" box="[1162,1339,1971,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFD6210FB0D56F9E968F870" box="[1162,1339,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mature galls were collected in late October, adults emerged under laboratory conditions the following spring.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="FDFDC8F2FFFE6213FF10567AED1EF86E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277430/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[226,1359,193,1825]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFE6213FF10567AED1EF86E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1847,2005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FF10567AED70F8F6" bold="true" box="[151,291,1847,1870]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
Current distribution of 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FDA75675EFFDF8F5" box="[544,942,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFE6213FDA75675EEB1F8F5" box="[544,738,1848,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songshui">Andricus songshui</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFE6213FD685674EFFDF8F5" box="[751,942,1848,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocurvator">A. pseudocurvator</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFE6213FC625675E89EF8F5" box="[997,1229,1848,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FC625675E89EF8F5" box="[997,1229,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Plagiotrochus glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(figure from http:// www.google.com/earth/,). The white dot represents the location where 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFE6213FC0F5617E850F8D4" box="[904,1027,1881,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songshui">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FC0F5617E850F8D4" box="[904,1027,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">A. songshui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFE6213FBBB5617E8A8F8D4" box="[1084,1275,1881,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocurvator">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FBBB5617E8A8F8D4" box="[1084,1275,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">A. pseudocurvator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur together (Renai Township, Nantou County), the blue dot represents another site where 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFE6213FC465636E82DF82B" box="[961,1150,1914,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudocurvator">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FC465636E82DF82B" box="[961,1150,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">A. pseudocurvator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known to occur (Heping Township, Taichung County), and the red dot shows the type locality of 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFE6213FC2156D0E85CF809" box="[934,1039,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">P. g l a u c u s</emphasis>
(Nantou County, Lienhuachih Forest Research Centre).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFFF6212FF4251DAEC90FF6F" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFF6212FF4251DAEC90FF6F" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,572]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FF4251DAED04FF0B" bold="true" box="[197,343,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFF6212FEE051DAEDEEFF14" box="[359,445,151,175]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
: currently known from Nantou County, Lienhuachih Forest Research Centre only (
<figureCitation id="31B984FFFFFF6212FAE951DAECE4FF6F" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[226,1359,193,1825]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[226,1360,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 57. Current distribution of Andricus songshui, A. pseudocurvator and Plagiotrochus glaucus (figure from http: // www. google. com / earth /,). The white dot represents the location where A. songshui and A. pseudocurvator occur together (Renai Township, Nantou County), the blue dot represents another site where A. pseudocurvator is known to occur (Heping Township, Taichung County), and the red dot shows the type locality of P. g l a u c u s (Nantou County, Lienhuachih Forest Research Centre)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277430/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E198CBF1FFFF6212FF425192EF73FD87" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A93D987AFFFF6212FF425192EF73FD87" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,572]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FF425192ED1EFF43" bold="true" box="[197,333,223,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Comments.</emphasis>
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FE5A51ADEE28FF43" box="[477,635,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FE5A51ADEE28FF43" box="[477,635,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Plagiotrochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes 15 Western Palaearctic species (
<bibRefCitation id="CD13E58BFFFF6212FBE05192EC80FEA7" author="Pujade-Villar" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" refString="Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Ros-Farre, P. (1998) Inquilinos y parasitoides de las agallas del genero Plagiotrochus Mayr colectadas en el Nordeste de la Peninsula Iberica. Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 22 (1 - 2), 115 - 143." type="journal article" year="1998">Pujade-Villar &amp; Ros-Farré 1998</bibRefCitation>
; Pujade-Villar 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FEFA5048EDE4FEA7" box="[381,439,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
2000; 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFF6212FD8F5049EE05FEA7" box="[520,598,260,284]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Nieves</collectingCountry>
<bibRefCitation id="CD13E58BFFFF6212FDD85049EEA3FEA7" author="Aldrey" box="[607,752,260,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2001) Hymenoptera, Cynipidae. In: Fauna iberica, vol. 16. Ramos, M. A. et al. (eds.). Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. CSIC. Madrid. 636 pp." type="book" year="2001">Aldrey 2001</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD13E58BFFFF6212FD795049EF86FEA7" author="Melika" box="[766,981,260,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" refString="Melika, G., Pujade-Villar, J., Abe, Y., Tang, C. T., Nicholls, J., Wachi, N., Ide, T., Yang, M. M., Penzes, Zs., Csoka, Gy. &amp; Stone, G. N. (2010) Palaearctic oak gallwasps galling oaks (Quercus) in the section Cerris: re-appraisal of generic limits, with descriptions of new genera and species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 2470, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="2010">
Melika 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FCD15048EFC3FEA7" box="[854,912,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
). Only three Eastern Palaearctic species have been described: 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FE095064EE8EFE84" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" box="[398,733,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicarpifoliae">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FE095064EE09FEFB" box="[398,602,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">P. semicarpifoliae</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFF6212FDED506AEE87FE84" box="[618,724,295,319]" name="Cameroon" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Cameron</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the NW Himalayas, known to induce acorn galls on 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FA065065EE20FEDF" authority="Smith (Bellido et al. 2000)" authorityName="Smith (Bellido et al." authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="semicarpifolia">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FA065065ED6AFEDF" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Q. semicarpifolia</emphasis>
Smith (
<bibRefCitation id="CD13E58BFFFF6212FE145001EE38FEDF" author="Bellido" box="[403,619,332,356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" refString="Bellido, D., Ros-Farre, P., Kovalev, O. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2000) Presence of Plagiotrochus Mayr, 1881 in the Himalayan area, with redescription of Plagiotrochus semicarpifoliae (Cameron, 1902) comb. n. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution, 31, 241 - 245." type="journal article" year="2000">
Bellido 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FE695000EE7BFEDF" box="[494,552,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FD285000E811FEDF" authority="Melika &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Melika &amp; Pujade-Villar" box="[687,1090,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FD285000EEEEFEDF" box="[687,701,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FD4B5000EF62FEDF" box="[716,817,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">smetanai</emphasis>
Melika &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FBFD5000ECBAFE3C" authority="Pujade-Villar &amp; Melika" authorityName="Pujade-Villar &amp; Melika" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="follioti">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FBFD5000E8B2FEDF" box="[1146,1249,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">P. follioti</emphasis>
Pujade-Villar &amp; Melika
</taxonomicName>
, both from 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFF6212FEE95022EDE2FE3C" box="[366,433,367,391]" name="Nepal" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CD13E58BFFFF6212FE475022EECBFE3C" author="Melika" box="[448,664,367,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" refString="Tang, C. T., Melika, G., Yang, M. M., Nicholls, J. A., Csoka, Gy. &amp; Stone, G. N. (2009) First record of an oak gallwasp from the Oriental Region: new species of Andricus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Taiwan. Zootaxa, 2175, 57 - 65." type="journal article" year="2009">
Melika 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FD9D503CEE07FE33" box="[538,596,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). Plesiomorphic traits of 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FC32503CE956FE3C" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" box="[949,1285,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicarpifoliae">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FC32503CE8D3FE33" box="[949,1152,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">P. semicarpifoliae</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFF6212FB175022E8AEFE3C" box="[1168,1277,367,391]" name="Cameroon" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Cameron</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
, known from the Himalayan area, and the herein described new species from 
<collectingCountry id="D195D8EAFFFF6212FCED50D9EFECFE17" box="[874,959,404,428]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, suggest a Southeast Asian origin for 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FAEB50D9ED5DFE6B" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FAEB50D9ED5DFE6B" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Plagiotrochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with species from the Mediterranean region probably being derived and representing a secondary radiation (
<bibRefCitation id="CD13E58BFFFF6212FF645091ED94FE4F" author="Melika" box="[227,455,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" refString="Melika, G., Pujade-Villar, J., Abe, Y., Tang, C. T., Nicholls, J., Wachi, N., Ide, T., Yang, M. M., Penzes, Zs., Csoka, Gy. &amp; Stone, G. N. (2010) Palaearctic oak gallwasps galling oaks (Quercus) in the section Cerris: re-appraisal of generic limits, with descriptions of new genera and species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 2470, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="2010">
Melika 
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FEC65090ED2CFE4F" box="[321,383,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
). On the basis of molecular data, 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FCE25091E835FE4F" box="[869,1126,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaucus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FCE25091E835FE4F" box="[869,1126,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Plagiotrochus glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not seem to form a monophyletic group with Western Palaearctic 
<taxonomicName id="6E82E3F9FFFF6212FD2F534DEF15FDA3" box="[680,838,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BF64468FFFF6212FD2F534DEF15FDA3" box="[680,838,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Plagiotrochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species but rather appears plesiomorphic relative to the Mediterranean species (J. Nicholls, unpublished data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>