treatments-xml/data/03/E1/86/03E18652FFFBD137FF1BF2C2FB0BBC2B.xml

<document id="4C6D908A26C9B8EB1B8968957BC07601" ID-CLB-Dataset="45650" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279715" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4157ab2c-52f4-48b3-96e8-fc61cf4fbd42" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279715" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460427506575" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Simhachalam, Gullipalli &amp; Timms, Brian V" docDate="2012" docId="03E18652FFFBD137FF1BF2C2FB0BBC2B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03161p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3161" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Leptestheriella simhadrii Simhachalam &amp; Timms, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFD8FE2AFFFAD13FFF8CF618FFC3BD14" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Spinicaudata (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in south India with a key to Leptestheriella and Eocyzicus" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="20" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698330928874" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="86D9290BC2C508F1C00DB2FCBE327897">Two new species of Spinicaudata (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in south India with a key to Leptestheriella and Eocyzicus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F29495ADC5445471B1D86646E27AEB5A">Simhachalam, Gullipalli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0CA057BCF02B5CD4339909EB06D36F02">Timms, Brian V</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D94D117F4D9F2D443BB62B06F710C1F5">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E18652FFFBD137FF1BF2C2FB0BBC2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5628928" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119429076" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5628928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E18652FFFBD137FF1BF2C2FB0BBC2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E18652FFFBD137FF1BF2C2FB0BBC2B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="C35264CFFFFBD13EFF1BF2C2FEC8B801" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13EFF1BF2C2FDEAB9E0" blockId="1.[151,553,1242,1301]" box="[151,553,1242,1268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="D0BF8028FFFBD13EFF1BF2C2FDEAB9E0" bold="true" box="[151,553,1242,1268]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF1BF2C2FDEAB9E0" bold="true" box="[151,553,1242,1268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFBD13EFF1BF2C2FE06B9E0" box="[151,453,1242,1268]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF1BF2C2FE06B9E0" bold="true" box="[151,453,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Leptestheriella simhadrii</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFBD13EFE40F2C2FDEAB9E0" box="[460,553,1242,1268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13EFF1BF2E5FEC8B801" blockId="1.[151,553,1242,1301]" box="[151,267,1277,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFF13F2E5FEC2B801" box="[159,257,1277,1301]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox-0="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetBox-1="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35264CFFFFBD13EFF1BF35DFD37B895" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF1BF35DFEDDB849" bold="true" box="[151,286,1349,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named after Prof. Y.C. Simhadri, former Vice-Chancellor of Acharya Nagarjuna University who is well known for his able administration.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35264CFFFFBD13EFF49F388FB0FBBD9" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13EFF49F388FAA6B8D8" blockId="1.[151,1436,1349,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF49F388FC51B8BC" bold="true" box="[197,914,1423,1448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="54F389E6FFFBD13EFF49F388FEC3B8BC" box="[197,256,1424,1448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
locality. 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFBD13EFEE7F397FE01B8BC" box="[363,450,1423,1448]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">INDIA</collectingCountry>
: Racharla Mandal, Prakasam District.
</emphasis>
Pool at Racharla (
<geoCoordinate id="EE7C5183FFFBD13EFBEFF388FB00B8BC" box="[1123,1219,1421,1448]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="15.466666">15° 28' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE7C5183FFFBD13EFB43F388FAEEB8BC" box="[1231,1325,1421,1448]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="78.96667">78° 58' E</geoCoordinate>
) approximately 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFF66F3ACFEF2B8D8" box="[234,305,1460,1484]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
north of Giddaluru. (altitude 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFDF0F3ACFD00B8D8" box="[636,707,1460,1484]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="224.0">224 m</quantity>
asl). Date of collection: 
<date id="FFF61184FFFBD13EFC5BF3ACFBBFB8D8" box="[983,1148,1460,1484]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" value="2002-08-06">6 August 2002</date>
by G. Simhachalam.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF49F3C0FEAAB8E4" bold="true" box="[197,361,1495,1520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="54F389E6FFFBD13EFF49F3C0FF3DB8E4" box="[197,254,1496,1520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFEF5F3C0FE2EB8E4" bold="true" box="[377,493,1496,1520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="54F389E6FFFBD13EFEF5F3C0FE2BB8E4" box="[377,488,1496,1520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Male length 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFD0DF3C0FD19B8E4" box="[641,730,1496,1520]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
; height 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFCBFF3C0FC4FB8E4" box="[819,908,1496,1520]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
; accession number NHM 2005.282.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13EFF49F3E3FB92BB00" blockId="1.[151,1436,1349,2032]" box="[197,1105,1531,1556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF49F3E3FEF2BB00" bold="true" box="[197,305,1531,1556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Allotype.</emphasis>
Female length 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFE52F3E4FDE2BB00" box="[478,545,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
, height 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFDF6F3E4FD7DBB00" box="[634,702,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
; accession number NHM 2005.283.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13EFF49F038FB0FBBD9" blockId="1.[151,1436,1349,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF49F038FE87BB2C" bold="true" box="[197,324,1568,1592]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="54F389E6FFFBD13EFF49F038FEFCBB2C" box="[197,319,1568,1592]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Male length 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFE5BF038FDECBB2C" box="[471,559,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, height 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFD0BF038FD1EBB2C" box="[647,733,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
and females length 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFC32F038FBD5BB2C" box="[958,1046,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, height 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFBE2F038FB04BB2C" box="[1134,1223,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFBD13EFB5DF039FAE6BB2D" box="[1233,1317,1569,1593]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">INDIA</collectingCountry>
: Prakasam District: pools at: 1) Anumalapalli of Racharla Mandal, (altitude 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFCF1F05FFC05BB4B" box="[893,966,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="224.0">224 m</quantity>
asl, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE7C5183FFFBD13EFC71F05FFB9EBB4B" box="[1021,1117,1604,1631]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="15.516666">15° 31'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE7C5183FFFBD13EFBEDF05FFB03BB4B" box="[1121,1216,1604,1631]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="78.88333">78° 53'E</geoCoordinate>
), approximately 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFA0CF05FFF78BB91" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
north of Giddaluru and 2) Kaluvapalli of Racharla Mandal (altitude 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFC5EF075FBD8BB91" box="[978,1051,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="224.0">224 m</quantity>
asl, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE7C5183FFFBD13EFBDFF075FB7FBB91" box="[1107,1212,1642,1669]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="15.433333">15° 26 'N</geoCoordinate>
,78° 58.'E), approximately 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFBD13EFF66F089FEF1BBBD" box="[234,306,1681,1705]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
north of Giddaluru, collected 
<date id="FFF61184FFFBD13EFD0AF089FC84BBBD" box="[646,839,1681,1705]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" value="2003-10-15">15 October 2003</date>
. Accession number NHM 2005.283–285. Remainder of the material is deposited in Museum, Department of Zoology, Acharya Nagarjuna University.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35264CFFFFBD13AFF49F0C1FF1BBE5B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13EFF49F0C1FACCBA90" blockId="1.[151,1436,1349,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF49F0C1FE94BBE6" bold="true" box="[197,343,1753,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFED2F0C2FDD5BBE5" box="[350,534,1754,1778]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Male. Carapace</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFDAAF0C1FDA5BBE5" box="[550,614,1753,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A) oblong, thin, light yellow to brown, semipellucid, much compressed, umbone not prominent. Growth lines 8 (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFDDAF0E5FD56BA01" box="[598,661,1789,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B), thick, rib-like (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFCEBF0E5FC65BA01" box="[871,934,1789,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C), and arranged in regular order. All growth lines and free margins of carapace with blunt, peg like, subcylindrical spinules (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFBCDF139FB44BA2D" box="[1089,1159,1825,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). Interstices between growth lines rugose. Carapace rounded anteriorly and posteriorly; hinge line (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFB8DF15DFB82BA49" box="[1025,1089,1861,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) straight and forming angles in 30° posterior and 20° anterior regions to hinge line. Free ventral margin straight and slightly convex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFBD13DFF49F188FC53BDC3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1349,2032]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFBD13EFF49F188FEC1BABC" box="[197,258,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFBD13EFE9DF188FE93BABC" box="[273,336,1936,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E) moderately large, about 33.3% of trunk length; eyes small, about 40% of ocellus, ocular protuberance large, double the size of eye, ocellus (oc) large and triangular in lateral view. Fornix (fo) prominent arising from dorsal angle of rostrum; small spine present at fornix apex, about 34% of fornix length, fornix 2.9 times as long as spine. Rostrum (ro) spatulate, occipital region elongated, acute, forming 50° angle to body axis, occipital furrow as deep as length of rostral spine. Mandible crescent shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F6FCFB95BC0B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F6FCFE9DBDEF" box="[197,350,228,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">First antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFEFCF6FAFE73BDEE" box="[368,432,226,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E) 1.7 times longer than in females and reaching second antenna sixth flagellomere. 17 sensory lobes on left ramus, 18 on right ramus; each with several sensory aesthetascs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF4BF733FEBFBCC6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF4BF733FEB9BC57" box="[199,378,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Second antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFE06F732FE0ABC56" box="[394,457,298,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E) peduncle broad, twice as long as broad, with indistinct annulae and heavily fringed with short spines anteriorly. Second antenna biramal; flagellae unequal in size; anterior flagellum of 11 flagellomeres and posterior flagellum of 10 flagellomeres, anterior flagellum 1.1 times as long as posterior flagellum. Each flagellomere armed with 1–5 serrated spines anteriorly (apparently dorsal) and 2–4 thin plumose setae posteriorly (apparently ventral).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF4BF7C7FD86BF0E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF4BF7C7FECABCE3" box="[199,265,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Trunk</emphasis>
with 24 pairs of thoracopods. Exopod margin of thoracopods (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFC41F7C7FBD3BCE3" box="[973,1040,479,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A) with digitiform lobes with setae characteristic of the genus (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFF8D13DFE47F41AFDFBBF0E" author="Hu" box="[459,568,514,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" refString="Hu, W. (1988) Studies of clam shrimps (Crustacea: Conchostraca). II Sixteen species of conchostraca in China. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 18 (2), 66 - 86." type="journal article" year="1988">Hu, 1988</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F43FFBF6BEB3" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F43FFE6BBF2B" box="[197,424,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Thoracopod I and II</emphasis>
modified as claspers distally (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFD77F43FFCFDBF2B" box="[763,830,551,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Figs 1</figureCitation>
F,1G) and composed of a hand bearing an apical club, large and small palp and a moveable finger (terminology following 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFF8D13DFC2CF452FBB5BF76" author="Olesen" box="[928,1142,586,611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" refString="Olesen, J., Martin, J. W. &amp; Roessler, E. W. (1996) External morphology of the male of Cyclestheria hislopi (Baird, 1859) (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Spinicaudata), with a comparison of male claspers among the Conchostraca and Cladocera and its bearing on phylogeny of the ' bivalved' Branchiopoda. Zoologica Scripta, 25, 291 - 316." type="journal article" year="1996">
Olesen 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFC7BF454FBE9BF77" box="[1015,1066,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 1996
</bibRefCitation>
). Hand (clasper endopod) broad, width 0.8 times length and with a hooked protrusion medially located at about two thirds of its length. Apical projection (endite 4) broad, length 0.7 times width, a digitiform extension of the hand and crowned with numerous scales and bearing the small palp of subequal length as diameter of apical projection. Moveable finger (mf) (endite 5) arcuate, apically acute and bearing setae apically, length subequal to large palp (endite 6). This palp (lp) two segmented, proximal segment 2.7 times as long as distal segment; distal segment widened toward apex, with numerous setae distally, composed of fourth, fifth and sixth endites. Thoracopod II (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFBCEF53AFB43BE2E" box="[1090,1152,802,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
G) with apical projection a little larger than in thoracopod I. Medial projection not as large as in thoracopod I and unhooked. Moveable finger as in thoracopod I. Large palp 1.2 times as long as moveable finger, two segmented with proximal segment 1.2 times as long as distal segment. Moveable finger and large palp with setae distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F5ABFE46B94E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F5ABFEB1BEDF" box="[197,370,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Thoracopod III</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFE0EF5AAFE06BEDE" box="[386,453,946,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A) fifth endital palp (as interpreted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFF8D13DFCF2F5AAFB92BEDE" author="McLaughlin" box="[894,1105,946,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" refString="McLaughlin, P. (1980) Comparative Morphology of Recent Crustacea Freeman &amp; Co, San Francisco, 177 p." type="book" year="1980">McLaughlin, 1980</bibRefCitation>
) 2-segmented, proximal segment 1.1 times as long as distal segment; both segments combined 1.5 times as long as sixth endite, numerous setae distally. Margin of exopods (“flabellum”) of thoracopods with numerous unbranched digitiform exites. A triangular lamina (“epipodital lamina”, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFF8D13DFE6EF207FDBDB923" author="Barnard" box="[482,638,1055,1079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1929) Contributions to the crustacean fauna of South Africa, 10. A revision of the South African Branchiopoda. Annals of the South African Museum, 29, 181 - 272." type="journal article" year="1929">Barnard 1929</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFD14F207FD18B923" box="[664,731,1055,1079]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A) with margin lobate, present on exopod, equal to epipodital lamina of fourth pair.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F270FB2FB9D3" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F270FE10B96B" box="[197,467,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Remaining thoracopods</emphasis>
of typical form, having six endites and numerous digitiform exites on exopods. Epipodite gradually increasing in length till eighth thoracopod. Here it is twice the length of third, fourth and eleventh thoracopods and 1.2 and 1.7 times as long as epipodite of ninth and tenth thoracopods respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F2CCFADAB827" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F2CCFD87B9FF" box="[197,580,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Nineteen posterior body segments</emphasis>
with dorsal armature (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFCC9F2CAFC49B9FE" box="[837,906,1234,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B). Armature on each segment from anterior to posterior consists 0,2,3,5,5,5,7,9,12,14,14,14,14,13,13,12,12,11, and 10 small acutely pointed spines of varying lengths. Spines denticulate and slightly curved apically. These spines extend laterally on each segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F327FD91B8F3" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F327FEC8B843" box="[197,267,1343,1367]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Telson</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFE90F327FE9CB843" box="[284,351,1343,1367]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C) asymmetrical and with about 40 (actually 43 and 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFF8D13DFC27F327FC27B843" box="[939,996,1343,1367]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0413999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="41.0">41 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="54F389E6FFF8D13DFC67F327FB8DB843" box="[1003,1102,1343,1367]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) unequal denticles and with a short spinular outgrowth terminally. Telsonic filaments located anterior to the denticles. Ventral margin of telson shorter than dorsal margin and with a pair of furcal claws (=cercopods). Furcal claws as long as dorsal margin of telson (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFF67F3B2FEF3B8D6" box="[235,304,1450,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D) elongated, triangular in cross section with two dorsal edges, medial edge fringed with about 35 pointed spines, lateral surface glabrous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F3EAFE7ABB1F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" box="[197,441,1522,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F3EAFE94BB1F" bold="true" box="[197,343,1522,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFED1F3EBFE7ABB1F" box="[349,441,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Female.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F000FCF6BB46" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F000FE6EBB3B" box="[197,429,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Carapace hinge line</emphasis>
straight, not forming angles in anterior and posterior regions on carapace. Growth lines 11. Otherwise carapace similar to that of male (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFD25F022FD28BB46" box="[681,747,1594,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1407,183,1879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps = blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A, B- 1 mm. E – G 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Figs 1</figureCitation>
B–D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F047FD29BB8E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F047FEC1BB63" box="[197,258,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFE98F047FE9ABB63" box="[276,345,1631,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E) oval; rostrum triangular, fornix prominent arising from dorsal angle of rostrum; small spine present at fornix apex about half the length of fornix.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F0B0FB81BBF6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F0B0FE9EBBAB" box="[197,349,1704,1727]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">First antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFEE1F0BFFE73BBAB" box="[365,432,1703,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E) smaller than in males and reaching second antenna second flagellomere. First antenna with 12 sensory lobes on left and right ramus; each with several sensory aesthetascs
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F0F7FD17BA5B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F0F7FEB4BA13" box="[197,375,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Second antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFE0AF0F7FE0BBA13" box="[390,456,1775,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E) flagellae unequal in size; anterior flagellum of 11 flagellomeres and posterior flagellum of 12 flagellomeres. Each flagellomere armed with 2–5 serrated spines anteriorly (apparently dorsal) and 2–4 thin plumose setae posteriorly (apparently ventral).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF8D13DFF49F143FB8DBACB" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF8D13DFF49F143FEC6BA67" box="[197,261,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Trunk</emphasis>
with 24 pairs of thoracopods. Gross structure of thoracopods similar to that of male. Thoracopod I with fifth endital palp unsegmented, 84% of sixth endite length (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFCCBF167FC4EBA83" box="[839,909,1919,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F). Thoracopod II with length of palp on fifth endite equal to that of sixth endite. Palps with numerous setae distally. Thoracopod X and XI dorsal lobes of exopods (d-ex, 
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFF8D13DFE90F1DFFE9EBACB" box="[284,349,1991,2015]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G) modified as elongated cylindrical structures to hold egg masses.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3767CCFFF9D13CFF1BF17AFC70BAE7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279716/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[202,1396,195,1860]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF9D13CFF1BF17AFC70BAE7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1890,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF9D13CFF1BF17AFECEBA6C" bold="true" box="[151,269,1890,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFF9D13CFE90F17AFDDEBA6C" box="[284,541,1890,1912]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF9D13CFE90F17AFDDEBA6C" box="[284,541,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Leptestheriella simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFF9D13CFDA9F17BFDB4BA6C" box="[549,631,1891,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF9D13CFDA9F17BFDB4BA6C" bold="true" box="[549,631,1891,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Male A–G, A, entire; B, carapace growth lines (gl = growth lines; hl = hinge line); C, rib-like growth lines (r = rib); D, carapace sculpture at high magnification (bps=blunt, peg like, sub cylindrical spinules); E, head with first and second antenna (a1 = first antenna; a2 = second antenna; fo = fornix; h = head; oc = ocellus; ro = rostrum; s = spine); F, first thoracopod clasper (ap = apical projection; hn = hand; lp = large palp; mf = movable finger; sp = small palp); G, second thoracopod clasper. Scale bars A,B-1mm. E–G 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3767CCFFFED13BFF1BF12CFBE3BAF0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFED13BFF1BF12CFBE3BAF0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1844,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFED13BFF1BF12CFECFBA5E" bold="true" box="[151,268,1844,1867]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFED13BFE94F12DFDD4BA5F" box="[280,535,1845,1867]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFED13BFE94F12DFDD4BA5F" box="[280,535,1845,1867]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="24">Leptestheriella simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFED13BFD90F12DFDAEBA5E" box="[540,621,1845,1866]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFED13BFD90F12DFDAEBA5E" bold="true" box="[540,621,1845,1866]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Male A–D, Female E–G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a1 = first antenna; a2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5mm. H, 0.1mm. B, 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F680FF30BDE2" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F680FD8DBDA4" box="[197,590,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Seventeen posterior body segments</emphasis>
with dorsal armature. Armature on each segment from anterior to posterior consists 1,2,2,2,3,5,7,9,11,13,13,14,14,14,13,13 and 11. In other characters female dorsal armature resembles that of male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F719FE9BBC4B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F719FEC8BC0D" box="[197,267,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Telson</emphasis>
assymetrical; 38 unequal serrated denticles with short spinular outgrowth terminally. Furcal claws with two dorsal edges, medial edge fringed with pointed spines, 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFFD13AFCBDF73CFCA9BC28" box="[817,874,292,316]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="42.0">42 in</quantity>
number. In other characters, female telson resembles that of male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F774FE64BCB2" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F774FE42BC97" box="[197,385,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Egg morphology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFFD13AFE1DF773FE16BC97" box="[401,469,363,387]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[316,1286,197,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[304,1293,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov. Male A – D, Female E – G. A, third thoracopod showing exopod and endopod separately (en 1 = endite 1; en 2 = endite 2; en 3 = endite 3; en 4 = endite 4; en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; epl = epipodal lamina; ex = exopod; pa = palp); B, Lateral view of dorsal armature (da = dorsal armature) showing one on few post abdominal segments; C, telson (t = telson); D, furcal claw (fc = furcal claw); E, head with first and second antenna (a 1 = first antenna; a 2 = second antenna; h = head); F, first thoracopod fifth and sixth endites (en 5 = endite 5; en 6 = endite 6; pa = palp); G, tenth thoracopod (d-ex = dorsal lobe of exopod); H, egg. Scale bars 0.5 mm. H, 0.1 mm. B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279717/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H). Egg diameter 105.52 ± 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFFD13AFC87F773FCACBC97" box="[779,879,363,387]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.45" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="8.45">8.45 mm</quantity>
(N = 25). Egg spherical and light brown; surface with irregular markings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F7A9FE0CBFF7" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F7A9FE06BCDE" bold="true" box="[197,453,433,458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFE58F7A9FD3EBCDD" box="[468,765,433,457]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Leptestheriidae" genus="Lepthestheriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFE58F7A9FD3EBCDD" box="[468,765,433,457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Lepthestheriella simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFFD13AFC89F7AAFC9CBCDD" box="[773,863,434,458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFC89F7AAFC9BBCDE" bold="true" box="[773,856,434,458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has similar numbers for many numeric features as 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFF1BF7CEFEC0BCF9" box="[151,259,469,493]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF1BF7CEFEC0BCF9" box="[151,259,469,493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFFD13AFE80F7CCFEEEBCF8" box="[268,301,468,492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
so that numbers of growth lines, first antennae sensory lobes, flagellomeres, thoracopods, telsonic spines and furcal claw spines overlap in the two species, though the number of growth lines are generally fewer in 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFF1BF404FEE2BF27" box="[151,289,539,563]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Leptestheriidae" genus="Lepthestheriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF1BF404FEE2BF27" box="[151,289,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFFD13AFEA7F403FE45BF27" box="[299,390,539,563]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFEA7F403FE45BF27" bold="true" box="[299,390,539,563]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
The other valid Indian species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFD75F404FC8CBF27" box="[761,847,540,563]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsi">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFD75F404FC8CBF27" box="[761,847,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. sarsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, has different body parameters, with 28–30 growth lines, 13–14 first antenna sensory lobes, 16–17 second antenna flagellomeres, and 26 thoracopods. Absolute diagnostic features of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFEE6F47AFE34BF6D" box="[362,503,609,633]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Leptestheriidae" genus="Lepthestheriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFEE6F47AFE34BF6D" box="[362,503,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include a fringe of blunt, peg like, subcylindrical spinules on the growth lines, rugose carapace surface between the growth lines, lateral surface of furcal claws glabrous, though medial margin with a row of spinules, and in females the endopodital palp on the fifth endite of the third thoracopod is slightly longer than the sixth endite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F4F6FF1BBE5B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F4F6FEE9BE12" bold="true" box="[197,298,750,774]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFEBCF4F6FE70BE12" box="[304,435,750,774]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Leptestheriidae" genus="Lepthestheriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFEBCF4F6FE70BE12" box="[304,435,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L.simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFFD13AFE35F4F6FDD0BE12" box="[441,531,750,774]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFE35F4F6FDCFBE12" bold="true" box="[441,524,750,774]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
was collected from temporary pool and ditches of clear water, devoid of vegetation. Water temperature 31.2o C; dissolved oxygen 
<quantity id="4CB09AA1FFFFD13AFD6DF50CFCF5BE39" box="[737,822,788,813]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" unit="mg" value="7.5">7.5 mg</quantity>
. L -1; pH 7.6; conductivity 168µS.cm -1, turbidity 5.85 NTU.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35264CFFFFFD137FF49F543FB0BBC2B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F543FA4FB952" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F543FEFABE67" bold="true" box="[197,313,859,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is assigned to the genus 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFD77F543FC60BE67" box="[763,931,859,883]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Leptestheriella</emphasis>
based on the following characters: rostrum bearing a spine, occipital angle acutely produced, occipital groove moderately deep, and exopod margins of the thoracopods carry digitiform processes. The validity of this genus has been questioned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFFFD13AFB13F5B9FAF1BEAD" author="Brtek" box="[1183,1330,929,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Brtek, J. (1997) Checklist of the valid and invalid names of the ' Large Branchiopods' (Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata, and Laevicaudata) with a survey of the taxonomy of all Branchiopoda. Zbornik Slovenskeho Narodneho Muzea, 43, 3 - 66." type="journal article" year="1997">Brtek (1997)</bibRefCitation>
, with the suggestion that it be synonymised into 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFDD5F5DCFD30BEC8" box="[601,755,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Lepthestheria</emphasis>
Sars. However, this proposal has been ignored (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFFFD13AFAACF5DCFEF7BEEB" author="Dumont" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Dumont, H. J. &amp; Negrea, S. (2002) Introduction to the Class Branchiopoda. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 398 pp." type="book" year="2002">Dumont &amp; Negrea, 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFFFD13AFECDF5FFFD92BEEB" author="Garcia" box="[321,593,999,1023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Garcia, J. V. &amp; Pereira, G. (2003) A review of the clam shrimp family Leptestheriidae (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) from Venezuela, with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa, 208, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2003">Garcia &amp; Pereira, 2003</bibRefCitation>
), probably either because the evidence is thought by some to be weak or because the proposal was not formalized. Nevertheless the concept may well have merit (D.C. Rogers, pers. comm.), but until there is a generic revision within the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFCC3F236FC3CB952" box="[847,1023,1070,1094]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Leptestheriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leptestheriidae</taxonomicName>
, we regard 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFBF3F236FAE4B952" box="[1151,1319,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Leptestheriella</emphasis>
as valid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F249FAAFB9BB" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
Five species of 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFEFAF249FDDDB97D" box="[374,542,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Leptestheriella</emphasis>
have been recorded from 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFFD13AFCC4F249FC45B97D" box="[840,902,1105,1129]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">India</collectingCountry>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFC1DF249FADBB97D" authority="Sars 1900" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1900" box="[913,1304,1105,1129]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFC1DF249FB4DB97D" box="[913,1166,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Leptestheriella nobilis</emphasis>
(Sars 1900)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFAABF24AFE90B998" authority="Sars 1900" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1900" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendersoni">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFAABF24AFF05B998" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. hendersoni</emphasis>
(Sars 1900)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFED3F26DFD83B998" authority="Daday1923" authorityName="Daday" authorityYear="1923" box="[351,576,1140,1164]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsi">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFED3F26DFE76B998" box="[351,437,1141,1164]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. sarsi</emphasis>
Daday1923
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFDC1F26DFC09B998" authority="Karande &amp; Inamdar1960" authorityName="Karande &amp; Inamdar" authorityYear="1960" box="[589,970,1140,1164]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFDC1F26DFD6AB998" box="[589,681,1141,1164]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. gigas</emphasis>
Karande &amp; Inamdar1960
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFB8FF26DFA5BB998" authority="Nayar &amp; Nair 1968" authorityName="Nayar &amp; Nair" authorityYear="1968" box="[1027,1432,1140,1165]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maduraensis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFB8FF26DFB72B998" box="[1027,1201,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. maduraensis</emphasis>
Nayar &amp; Nair 1968
</taxonomicName>
. All these species are recorded from South 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFFD13AFDFEF28FFD6DB9BB" box="[626,686,1175,1199]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">India</collectingCountry>
, except 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFC85F280FCA0B9BB" box="[777,867,1176,1199]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFC85F280FCA0B9BB" box="[777,867,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which is known from Panchagani of 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFFD13AFA8BF28FFAABB9BB" box="[1287,1384,1175,1199]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Bombay</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF49F2A3FDB5B896" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFF49F2A3FE07B9C7" box="[197,452,1211,1235]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF49F2A3FE07B9C7" box="[197,452,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Leptestheriella nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFD8FF2A4FD63B9C7" box="[515,672,1211,1235]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendersoni">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFD8FF2A4FD63B9C7" box="[515,672,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. hendersoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were initially described by Sars (1900) on limited material from south 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFFD13AFF57F2C6FEDBB9E2" box="[219,280,1246,1270]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">India</collectingCountry>
. Daday (1923) used the same material to redescribe these species and to add 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFBF0F2C7FB1BB9E2" box="[1148,1240,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFBF0F2C7FB17B9E2" box="[1148,1236,1247,1270]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarsi">L. sarsi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
He distinguished the three species by: 1) presence or absence of acute angles on the anterior and posterior ends of the carapace, 2) carapace sculpture, and 3) nature of the occipital angles of the head, rostrum and telson. However, study of many populations of these species in Andhra Pradesh over many years have shown these and other characters to be highly variable (for 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFEFBF374FE22B897" box="[375,481,1387,1411]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFEFBF374FE22B897" box="[375,481,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
see Table 1).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3767CCFFFFD13AFF1BF161FC59BABA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279718/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[166,1427,1450,1876]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFFD13AFF1BF161FC59BABA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1913,1966]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFF1BF161FECEBA9B" bold="true" box="[151,269,1913,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFFD13AFE97F162FDBCBA84" authority="Sars 1900" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1900" box="[283,639,1914,1936]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFFD13AFE97F162FE3CBA84" box="[283,511,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="25">Leptestheriella nobilis</emphasis>
(Sars 1900)
</taxonomicName>
. Male A–C, A, carapace growth lines and setae (se=setae); B, carapace markings (ar = areolate); C, furcal claw showing spines on two edges (s = spine).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF49F68FFAA4BDEC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
Females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FECBF680FDB2BDA4" box="[327,625,152,176]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendersoni">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FECBF680FDB2BDA4" box="[327,625,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Leptestheriella hendersoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(no males are known) with their 24–31 growth lines, triangular rostrum, 25 thoracopods, 10–12 first antenna sensory lobes, 13–15 second antenna fagellomeres, and 24 telsonic spines fall within the range of variation of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FE77F6F9FDA6BDEC" box="[507,613,224,248]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FE77F6F9FDA6BDEC" box="[507,613,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and therefore this species is considered synonymous with 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FB7AF6F9FAA4BDEC" box="[1270,1383,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FB7AF6F9FAA0BDEC" box="[1270,1379,224,248]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">L. nobilis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF49F71DFEB0BCDB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
For 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FF7EF71DFDB5BC08" authority="Karande &amp; Inamdar 1960" authorityName="Karande &amp; Inamdar" authorityYear="1960" box="[242,630,260,284]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FF7EF71DFE88BC08" box="[242,331,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. gigas</emphasis>
, Karande &amp; Inamdar 1960
</taxonomicName>
claim this species can be recognized based on the shape of the carapace, acute posterodorsal corner of the carapace in adult females, carapace sculpture as described in 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FB4AF731FAFBBC54" box="[1222,1336,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FB4AF731FAF7BC54" box="[1222,1332,296,320]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">L. nobilis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
strongly produced occipital angle and shape of rostrum, 13–14 first antenna sensory lobes, 14 second antenna antennomeres, 24–26 thoracopods and 31 telsonic spines. However all these characters are highly variable and fall within the range of variation in 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FE06F78DFE36BCB8" box="[394,501,404,428]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FE06F78DFE36BCB8" box="[394,501,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected from Andhra Pradesh. Hence this species is treated as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FA09F78DFEACBCDB" authority="Sars 1900" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1900" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FA09F78DFF20BCC4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
(Sars 1900)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF49F7C5FD17BFD8" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FF49F7C5FD92BCE0" authority="Nayar &amp; Nair 1968" authorityName="Nayar &amp; Nair" authorityYear="1968" box="[197,593,476,501]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maduraensis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FF49F7C5FEB2BCE0" box="[197,369,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. maduraensis</emphasis>
Nayar &amp; Nair 1968
</taxonomicName>
described from Madurai, South 
<collectingCountry id="F35F77D4FFFDD138FC30F7C4FC3BBCE0" box="[956,1016,476,500]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">India</collectingCountry>
, differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FB1CF7C5FB3ABCE0" box="[1168,1273,476,500]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FB1CF7C5FB3ABCE0" box="[1168,1273,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the number of sensory lobes (males 21, females 15–16), second antenna flagellomeres (16) and thoracopods (male 20, female 24). However in all other characters this species agrees with the description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FBA4F43DFB57BF28" box="[1064,1172,548,572]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FBA4F43DFB57BF28" box="[1064,1172,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore carapace sculpture of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FEA8F451FE12BF74" box="[292,465,584,608]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maduraensis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FEA8F451FE12BF74" box="[292,465,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. maduraensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
studied under SEM by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFFDD138FD51F45FFC7CBF4B" author="Samyiah" box="[733,959,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" refString="Samyiah, N., Venkataraman, K. &amp; Krishnaswamy, S. (1985) Morphology of three species of Conchostraca using Scanning Electron Microscope. Current Science, 54 (17), 869 - 871." type="journal article" year="1985">
Samyiah 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FCCBF451FCBABF74" box="[839,889,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 1985
</bibRefCitation>
agrees in all details with that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FABDF451FA58BF74" box="[1329,1435,584,608]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FABDF451FA58BF74" box="[1329,1435,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFDD138FF13F474FF27BF90" box="[159,228,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[166,1427,1450,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[163,1428,1431,1883]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Leptestheriella nobilis (Sars 1900). Male A – C, A, carapace growth lines and setae (se = setae); B, carapace markings (ar = areolate); C, furcal claw showing spines on two edges (s = spine)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279718/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Figs 3</figureCitation>
A, B). The apparent differences from 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FD00F475FD36BF90" box="[652,757,620,644]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FD00F475FD36BF90" box="[652,757,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are probably just evidence of further variation in these characters and there are no diagnostic characters shown unique for 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FCDDF489FC3DBFBC" box="[849,1022,656,680]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maduraensis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FCDDF489FC3DBFBC" box="[849,1022,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. maduraensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to distinguish it from 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FB78F489FA9EBFBC" box="[1268,1373,656,680]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FB78F489FA9EBFBC" box="[1268,1373,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species is also regarded as a synonym of 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FDEFF4ADFD17BFD8" box="[611,724,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FDEFF4ADFD13BFD8" box="[611,720,692,716]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">L. nobilis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF49F4C0FECDBE48" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
Similar observations of variability in leptestheriids and other spinicaudatans of diagnostic characters have been noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFFDD138FF73F4E4FE05BE00" author="Straskraba" box="[255,454,764,788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" refString="Straskraba, M. (1966) Taxonomical notes on Czechoslovak Conchostraca III Family Leptestheriidae. Hydrobiologia, 27, 571 - 589." type="journal article" year="1966">Straškraba (1966)</bibRefCitation>
and recently by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94AB5FFFDD138FD0DF4E4FCE2BE00" author="Timms" box="[641,801,764,788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" refString="Timms, B. V. (2009) First records of a leptestherid clam shrimp in Australia (Crustacea: Spinicaudata: Leptestheriidae: Euleptestheria), with comments on the taxonomic status of the widespread Euleptestheria ticinensis (Balsamo-Crivelli, 1859). Zookeys, 18, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2009">Timms (2009)</bibRefCitation>
on 
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FCC0F4E4FC2CBE00" box="[844,1007,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Euleptestheria</emphasis>
. Efforts to study leptestheriid shrimps in detail based on large number of specimens will possibly reduce the number of valid species and clear present ambiguity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF49F570FDF9BEF8" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
Despite its variability 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FE47F571FDFABE94" box="[459,569,872,896]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FE47F571FDFABE94" box="[459,569,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">L. nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is regarded as a valid species. Other useful characters for its delineation include: 1) growth lines and margins of carapace with small delicate setae (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFDD138FC70F594FB83BEB0" box="[1020,1088,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[166,1427,1450,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[163,1428,1431,1883]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Leptestheriella nobilis (Sars 1900). Male A – C, A, carapace growth lines and setae (se = setae); B, carapace markings (ar = areolate); C, furcal claw showing spines on two edges (s = spine)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279718/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A), 2) carapace sculpture with areolate (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFDD138FE8CF5A8FE80BEDC" box="[256,323,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[166,1427,1450,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[163,1428,1431,1883]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Leptestheriella nobilis (Sars 1900). Male A – C, A, carapace growth lines and setae (se = setae); B, carapace markings (ar = areolate); C, furcal claw showing spines on two edges (s = spine)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279718/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B) or round markings of various sizes, and 3) minute serrated spines (
<figureCitation id="13732BC1FFFDD138FBEEF5A8FB67BEDC" box="[1122,1188,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[166,1427,1450,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[163,1428,1431,1883]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Leptestheriella nobilis (Sars 1900). Male A – C, A, carapace growth lines and setae (se = setae); B, carapace markings (ar = areolate); C, furcal claw showing spines on two edges (s = spine)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279718/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C) present on the two dorsomedial edges of the furcal claw.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3767CCFFFDD138FF1BF204FBF0B925" ID-Table-UUID="DF3767CCFFFDD138FF1BF204FBF0B925" box="[151,1075,1051,1074]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3767CCFFFDD138FF1BF204FBF0B925" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" targetBox="[151,1407,1101,1918]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF1BF204FBF0B925" blockId="7.[151,1075,1051,1074]" box="[151,1075,1051,1074]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FF1BF204FEC7B925" bold="true" box="[151,260,1052,1073]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Morphological variability in some features of 
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFFDD138FD51F204FC1FB926" box="[733,988,1052,1074]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFFDD138FD51F204FC1FB926" box="[733,988,1052,1074]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Leptestheriella simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFFDD138FC6FF204FBF0B925" box="[995,1075,1052,1073]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFFDD138FF13F255FAFCBA7E" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<table id="F948C5E4FFFD2EC0FF1BF255FABCBA6A" box="[151,1407,1101,1918]" gridcols="6" gridrows="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF255FABCB995" box="[151,1407,1101,1153]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF255FE64B995" box="[151,423,1101,1153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Characters</th>
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F255FDB2B995" box="[491,625,1101,1153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Racharla (Pool)</th>
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF255FD3BB995" box="[672,760,1101,1153]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Mean</th>
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF255FC0EB995" box="[835,973,1101,1153]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Anumalapalli (Ditches)</th>
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F255FB98B995" box="[1013,1115,1101,1153]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Mean</th>
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF255FABCB995" box="[1155,1407,1101,1153]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Kaluvapalli Mean (Puddles)</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF28DFABCB9C1" box="[151,1407,1173,1237]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF28DFE64B9C1" box="[151,423,1173,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Specimens exam- 3 ined Ƥ</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F28DFDB2B9C1" box="[491,625,1173,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">26 30</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF28DFC0EB9C1" box="[835,973,1173,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">25 30</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF28DFABCB9C1" box="[1155,1407,1173,1237]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">14 30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF2F0FABCB83C" box="[151,1407,1256,1320]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF2F0FE64B83C" box="[151,423,1256,1320]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">3L Carapace size(mm) 3H</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F2F0FDB2B83C" box="[491,625,1256,1320]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">2.3 – 5.5 1.5 – 3.0</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF2F0FD3BB83C" box="[672,760,1256,1320]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">3.9 2.25</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF2F0FC0EB83C" box="[835,973,1256,1320]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">3.0 – 5 2 – 3</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F2F0FB98B83C" box="[1013,1115,1256,1320]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">4 2.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF2F0FABCB83C" box="[1155,1407,1256,1320]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">2 – 5 3.5 1.5 – 3.2 2.35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF323FABCB845" box="[151,1407,1339,1361]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF323FE64B845" box="[151,423,1339,1361]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">ƤL</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F323FDB2B845" box="[491,625,1339,1361]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">3.0 – 6.0</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF323FD3BB845" box="[672,760,1339,1361]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">4.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF323FC0EB845" box="[835,973,1339,1361]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">1.5 – 5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F323FB98B845" box="[1013,1115,1339,1361]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">3.25</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF323FABCB845" box="[1155,1407,1339,1361]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">2.5 – 6 4.25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF37CFABCB86E" box="[151,1407,1380,1402]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF37CFE64B86E" box="[151,423,1380,1402]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">ƤH</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F37CFDB2B86E" box="[491,625,1380,1402]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">1.0 – 3.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF37CFD3BB86E" box="[672,760,1380,1402]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">2.25</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF37CFC0EB86E" box="[835,973,1380,1402]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">2.0 – 3.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F37CFB98B86E" box="[1013,1115,1380,1402]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">2.75</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF37CFABCB86E" box="[1155,1407,1380,1402]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">1.5 – 3 2.25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF396FABCB8B0" box="[151,1407,1422,1444]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF396FE64B8B0" box="[151,423,1422,1444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Growth lines 3</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F396FDB2B8B0" box="[491,625,1422,1444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">6 – 10</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF396FD3BB8B0" box="[672,760,1422,1444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">8</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF396FC0EB8B0" box="[835,973,1422,1444]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">6 – 19</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F396FB98B8B0" box="[1013,1115,1422,1444]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">12.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF396FABCB8B0" box="[1155,1407,1422,1444]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">6 – 19 12.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF3AFFABCB8D9" box="[151,1407,1463,1485]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF3AFFE64B8D9" box="[151,423,1463,1485]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Ƥ</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F3AFFDB2B8D9" box="[491,625,1463,1485]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">7 – 14</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF3AFFD3BB8D9" box="[672,760,1463,1485]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">10.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF3AFFC0EB8D9" box="[835,973,1463,1485]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">7 – 18</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F3AFFB98B8D9" box="[1013,1115,1463,1485]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">12.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF3AFFABCB8D9" box="[1155,1407,1463,1485]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">7 – 18 12.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF3F8FABCBB34" box="[151,1407,1504,1568]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF3F8FE64BB34" box="[151,423,1504,1568]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">First antenna sen- 3 sory lobes Ƥ</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F3F8FDB2BB34" box="[491,625,1504,1568]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">13 – 17 11 – 14</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF3F8FD3BBB34" box="[672,760,1504,1568]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">15 12.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF3F8FC0EBB34" box="[835,973,1504,1568]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">15 – 16 11 – 13</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F3F8FB98BB34" box="[1013,1115,1504,1568]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">15.5 12</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF3F8FABCBB34" box="[1155,1407,1504,1568]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">14 – 16 15 13 – 14 13.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF02BFABCBB66" box="[151,1407,1587,1650]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF02BFE64BB66" box="[151,423,1587,1650]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Second antenna 3 flagellomeres Ƥ</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F02BFDB2BB66" box="[491,625,1587,1650]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">10–13/13–13 11–12/13–13</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF02BFD3BBB66" box="[672,760,1587,1650]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">11.5 / 13 11.5 / 13</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF02BFC0EBB66" box="[835,973,1587,1650]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">12–13/13–14 12–12/13–14</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F02BFB98BB66" box="[1013,1115,1587,1650]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">12.5 /13.5 12 / 13.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF02BFABCBB66" box="[1155,1407,1587,1650]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">13–13/11–14 13 / 12.5 12–13/12–14 12.5 / 13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF09EFABCBB88" box="[151,1407,1670,1692]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF09EFE64BB88" box="[151,423,1670,1692]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Thoracopods 3</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F09EFDB2BB88" box="[491,625,1670,1692]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23 – 24</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF09EFD3BBB88" box="[672,760,1670,1692]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF09EFC0EBB88" box="[835,973,1670,1692]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23 – 25</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F09EFB98BB88" box="[1013,1115,1670,1692]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">24</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF09EFABCBB88" box="[1155,1407,1670,1692]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23 – 24 23.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF0B7FABCBBD1" box="[151,1407,1711,1733]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF0B7FE64BBD1" box="[151,423,1711,1733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Ƥ</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F0B7FDB2BBD1" box="[491,625,1711,1733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23 – 24</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF0B7FD3BBBD1" box="[672,760,1711,1733]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF0B7FC0EBBD1" box="[835,973,1711,1733]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23 – 24</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F0B7FB98BBD1" box="[1013,1115,1711,1733]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF0B7FABCBBD1" box="[1155,1407,1711,1733]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">23 – 24 23.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF0C0FABCBBFA" box="[151,1407,1752,1774]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF0C0FE64BBFA" box="[151,423,1752,1774]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Telsonic denticles 3</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F0C0FDB2BBFA" box="[491,625,1752,1774]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">26 – 43</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF0C0FD3BBBFA" box="[672,760,1752,1774]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">34.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF0C0FC0EBBFA" box="[835,973,1752,1774]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">38 – 40</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F0C0FB98BBFA" box="[1013,1115,1752,1774]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">39</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF0C0FABCBBFA" box="[1155,1407,1752,1774]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">35 – 47 41</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF11AFABCBA0C" box="[151,1407,1794,1816]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF11AFE64BA0C" box="[151,423,1794,1816]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Ƥ</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F11AFDB2BA0C" box="[491,625,1794,1816]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">30 – 44</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF11AFD3BBA0C" box="[672,760,1794,1816]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">37</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF11AFC0EBA0C" box="[835,973,1794,1816]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">30 – 42</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F11AFB98BA0C" box="[1013,1115,1794,1816]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">36</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF11AFABCBA0C" box="[1155,1407,1794,1816]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">37 – 45 41</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35783506FFFD2EC0FF1BF133FABCBA6A" box="[151,1407,1835,1918]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">
<th id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FF1BF133FE64BA6A" box="[151,423,1835,1918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">Spinulose spines on 3 furcal claw inner Ƥ edge</th>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FE67F133FDB2BA6A" box="[491,625,1835,1918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">33 – 43 25 – 42</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FD2CF133FD3BBA6A" box="[672,760,1835,1918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">38 33.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FCCFF133FC0EBA6A" box="[835,973,1835,1918]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">37 – 47 35 – 40</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FC79F133FB98BA6A" box="[1013,1115,1835,1918]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">42 37.5</td>
<td id="76A95C7AFFFD2EC0FB0FF133FABCBA6A" box="[1155,1407,1835,1918]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="27">31 – 45 38 35 – 39 37</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF73744FFF2D137FF49F680FB0BBC2B" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,319]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C484CC7FFF2D137FF49F680FE21BDA4" box="[197,482,152,176]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Lynceidae" genus="Leptestheriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simhadrii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF2D137FF49F680FE21BDA4" box="[197,482,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Leptestheriella simhadrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F562DFFF2D137FE67F680FD85BDBB" box="[491,582,152,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93CEB56FFF2D137FE67F680FDFCBDA4" bold="true" box="[491,575,152,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is variable between sites (
<tableCitation id="C6CA02FFFFF2D137FCF4F68FFC11BDBB" box="[888,978,151,175]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,235,1052,1073]" captionTargetBox="[151,1407,1101,1918]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological variability in some features of Leptestheriella simhadrii sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3767CCFFFDD138FF1BF204FBF0B925" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" tableUuid="DF3767CCFFFDD138FF1BF204FBF0B925">Table 2</tableCitation>
). In summary: males have 6–19 growth lines (
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females) closely spaced towards ventral margin in older specimens; rostrum broad or spatulate; ocellus position variable; 13– 
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male first antenna sensory lobes (
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females), 10–13/11– 
<specimenCount id="9D4EFCCDFFF2D137FB6EF6C7FB3EBDE3" box="[1250,1277,223,247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="male">14</specimenCount>
male second antenna flagellomeres (11–12/ 
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females), 23– 
<specimenCount id="9D4EFCCDFFF2D137FD7CF71CFCCFBC08" box="[752,780,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="male">25</specimenCount>
male pairs of thoracopods (23–24 pairs in female), 26– 
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male telsonic denticles (
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female) and 31– 
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male furcal claw spines (
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female).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>