treatments-xml/data/3D/4B/87/3D4B879CE14C6B526BA1F948AFDDF902.xml

<document id="B71FFB5CF3AE30EB3C57DC750A6BD83F" ID-CLB-Dataset="31426" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4085.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1a555801-dc77-4cd8-a613-4f51e74e9c13" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1052719" ID-ZooBank="90F3C644-1800-4994-919C-20F06BAFFCB5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510873797169" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Larivière, Marie-Claude &amp; Larochelle, André" docDate="2016" docId="3D4B879CE14C6B526BA1F948AFDDF902" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4085.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4085 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Kiwisaldula manawatawhi Larivière &amp; Larochelle 2016, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="96790FE8-AF8C-4240-AD30-45E11F6B8D12" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="472" masterDocId="C172FFE4E15D6B476B36FF8FAF3BFFAF" masterDocTitle="Aoteasalda and Kiwisaldula, two new genera of Saldidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with a key to New Zealand genera and a new synonymy in Zemacrosaldula" masterLastPageNumber="480" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="468" updateTime="1698499670201" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="88D030AE6739FBA255BF4F6C2139E0C6">Aoteasalda and Kiwisaldula, two new genera of Saldidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with a key to New Zealand genera and a new synonymy in Zemacrosaldula</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="23821B501AC4006B84C8F46142C284D2">Larivière, Marie-Claude</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="3D4B879CE14C6B526BA1F948AFDDF902" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3505504" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137309151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3505504" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:96790FE8-AF8C-4240-AD30-45E11F6B8D12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D4B879CE14C6B526BA1F948AFDDF902" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
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<paragraph id="B55D368AE14C6B566BA1F948AD56F94D" blockId="17.[151,621,1735,1762]" box="[151,621,1735,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
<heading id="EE1581E6E14C6B566BA1F948AD56F94D" bold="true" box="[151,621,1735,1762]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14C6B566BA1F948AD56F94D" bold="true" box="[151,621,1735,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14C6B566BA1F948AEEDF94E" ID-CoL="3R8WM" authority="Larivière &amp; Larochelle, 2016" authorityName="Larivière &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,470,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14C6B566BA1F948AEEDF94E" bold="true" box="[151,470,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Kiwisaldula manawatawhi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CA557E3E14C6B566AE8F947AD56F94D" box="[478,621,1736,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B55D368AE14C6B566BA1F881ADEDF82F" blockId="17.[151,1436,1806,1920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
<materialsCitation id="058A3CD7E14C6B566BA1F881AD32F8EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1701201062" collectingDate="1970-11" collectionCode="NZAC" collectorName="Male &amp; Three Kings Is Great I." country="New Zealand" location="Tasman" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tasman" typeStatus="holotype">
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14C6B566BA1F881AD9FF88B" authority="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityName="Larivière &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,676,1806,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14C6B566BA1F881AE92F88B" box="[151,425,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Kiwisaldula manawatawhi</emphasis>
Larivière &amp; Larochelle
</taxonomicName>
, 
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. 
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: 
<collectorName id="1817535CE14C6B56689BF881ACDAF88B" box="[941,993,1806,1828]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Male</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14C6B5668C7F881AB02F88B" box="[1009,1081,1806,1828]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">NZAC</collectionCode>
) labelled “ 
<collectingRegion id="7726F868E14C6B566F9AF881ABC7F88B" box="[1196,1276,1806,1828]" country="New Zealand" name="Tasman" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Tasman</collectingRegion>
Valley / 
<collectorName id="1817535CE14C6B566E57F881AE45F8EC" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Three Kings Is Great I.</collectorName>
<collectingDate id="D118E9A2E14C6B566ABFF8A1AEE2F8EC" box="[393,473,1837,1859]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" value="1970-11">
<date id="C15C104AE14C6B566ABFF8A1AEE2F8EC" box="[393,473,1837,1859]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" value="1970-11">Nov 70</date>
</collectingDate>
<collectingCountry id="CDF5761AE14C6B566AD2F8A1AD32F8EC" box="[484,521,1838,1859]" name="New Zealand" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">NZ</collectingCountry>
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. Ent. Div. Exp. / HOLOTYPE [male symbol] 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14C6B566F34F8A2AE4EF8CD" authority="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle, 2016" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14C6B566F34F8A2AA2EF8EC" box="[1026,1301,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Kiwisaldula manawatawhi</emphasis>
Larivière &amp; Larochelle, 2016
</taxonomicName>
(red label).” Paratypes: 3 males (1 AMNZ, 2 NZAC), 
<materialsCitation id="058A3CD7E14C6B566885F8C3ADEDF82F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1701201061" collectingDate="1970-11" collectionCode="AMNZ, MONZ, NZAC" collectorName="Male &amp; Three Kings Is Great I." country="New Zealand" location="Tasman" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Tasman" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="A3E4FD03E14C6B566885F8C3AB2CF8CD" box="[947,1047,1868,1890]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
(1 
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, 1 
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14C6B566F9DF8C3ABC3F8CD" box="[1195,1272,1868,1890]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/15kb-kde6" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa - Entomology" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">MONZ</collectionCode>
, 2 
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14C6B566E2FF8C3AA64F8CD" box="[1305,1375,1868,1890]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">NZAC</collectionCode>
) with same data as holotype, bearing blue 
<typeStatus id="6A598828E14C6B566900F8E4ADB6F82F" box="[566,653,1899,1920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
labels.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FDF86501E14C6B556BA1F822AC7CF831" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" type="description">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE14C6B556BA1F822AB53F8D6" blockId="17.[151,1436,1965,2025]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14C6B566BA1F822AE19F869" bold="true" box="[151,290,1965,1990]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Description</emphasis>
(Subbrachypterous adult). Body length 2.90–3.97 (3.43) mm; short-ovate (
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14C6B566FB9F822ABDCF869" box="[1167,1255,1965,1990]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[250,1299,211,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[228,1312,195,1934]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Dorsal view of Kiwisaldula species (males; legs and antennae omitted). Scale bar = 1 mm. (9) K. stoneri, (10) K. porangahau, (11) K. parvula, (12) K. manawatawhi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052725/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Dorsal colour largely dark, with broadly pale lateral margins of pronotum and well-developed, often coalesced pale markings on hemelytra. Facial colour (
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556A80FF18AD3CFF1F" box="[438,519,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 16" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[175,1407,251,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[166,1420,229,1355]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 16. Facial view of Kiwisaldula species. (13) K. stoneri, (14) K. porangahau, (15) K. parvula, (16) K. manawatawhi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052727/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) slightly to moderately contrasted. Head, pronotum, and scutellum strongly shiny, contrasting against mostly dull hemelytra. Dorsal pubescence short to moderately long, reclined to semi-erect, mostly golden brown (sometimes silvery on head), usually thicker, longer and more densely distributed on hemelytra (especially clavus and endocorium); also with more erect, dark brown setae near lateral margins of pronotum and costal margin of hemelytra. Hemelytra with somewhat reduced cells in membrane; hindwings distinctly reduced, reaching subapex of corium to middle of hemelytral membrane. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556F6FFEC6ABA2FECD" bold="true" box="[1113,1177,329,354]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556F9CFEC6ABC4FECD" box="[1194,1279,329,354]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 16" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[175,1407,251,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[166,1420,229,1355]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 16. Facial view of Kiwisaldula species. (13) K. stoneri, (14) K. porangahau, (15) K. parvula, (16) K. manawatawhi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052727/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
, facial view). Frons with barely distinct to slightly (shallowly) developed longitudinal furrow medially. Preocellar spots whitish yellow or yellowish brown to pale brown. Preocellar furrows shallow to moderately deep, about as deep as or slightly deeper than longitudinal frontal furrow. Preocular spots yellowish or pale brown. Transverse swelling moderately to strongly developed (sometimes rather flat on each side of facial midline); lateral portions contiguous; whitish yellow to yellowish brown or pale brown, (sometimes bright yellow), darker at facial midline. Mandibular plates evanescent to moderately developed, concolorous with or darker than transverse swelling. Maxillary plates slightly to moderately developed, whitish yellow, yellowish brown or pale brown, sometimes bright yellow. Anteclypeus yellowish brown to pale brown, usually marked with darker brown basally and along margins. Rostrum yellowish brown to dark brown, extending to hind coxae. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556F1AFD07ABA7FD0F" bold="true" box="[1068,1180,648,672]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Antennae</emphasis>
3.1–4.1x longer than pronotum + collar medially; segment I whitish yellow or yellowish brown to pure brown, ventral and dorsal sides often dark (usually striped at least on dorsal side); segment II yellowish brown to pale brown, often darker along one side and sometimes in apical fourth, 2.0–2.1x longer than segment I, clothed over entire length with setae about as long as segment width, with some longer setae in apical half; segments III–IV dark brown. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556FD5FC99AA07FC80" bold="true" box="[1251,1340,790,815]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Thorax</emphasis>
. Lateral margins of pronotum subrectilinear to slightly convex, distinctly explanate, broadly pale yellow to yellowish brown (pale area at midlength at least 
<date id="C15C104AE14F6B556950FCD1ADBAFCD9" box="[614,641,862,886]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">2x</date>
the width of antennal segment II). Scutellum 1.4–1.6x longer than pronotum + collar medially. Thoracic underside black, with slightly to moderately contrasting, broadly or very narrowly pale acetabula (acetabulum I broadly or narrowly pale, acetabulum II broadly or narrowly pale, sometimes completely dark, acetabulum III very narrowly pale, almost completely dark) and broadly pale lateral margins; pubescence rather dense, silvery, and appressed (except for glabrous lateral margins). 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556FE4FC64AA33FBAD" bold="true" box="[1234,1288,1003,1026]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Legs</emphasis>
largely pale, whitish yellow to yellowish brown, with dark brown to black coxae; femora with more or less defined brown spots on anterior and posterior faces; fore and mid femora often with ventral side brown subapically (not distinctly striped); tibiae pale or dark at base and apex; fore tibiae pale or slightly infumate dorsally (sometimes darkly striped throughout); hind tibiae 2.6–2.8x longer than tarsal segments II+III combined; hind tarsal segments usually dark apically, segment II slightly shorter than or about as long as segment III. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556F12FB13ABA6FB1A" bold="true" box="[1060,1181,1180,1205]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Hemelytra</emphasis>
: corium (
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556E39FB13AA53FB1A" box="[1295,1384,1180,1205]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[250,1299,211,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[228,1312,195,1934]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Dorsal view of Kiwisaldula species (males; legs and antennae omitted). Scale bar = 1 mm. (9) K. stoneri, (10) K. porangahau, (11) K. parvula, (12) K. manawatawhi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052725/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Figs 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556E40FB12AAA8FB1A" box="[1398,1427,1181,1205]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[269,1326,219,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[245,1341,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Eunomy (left corium) of Kiwisaldula species; most frequently observed pigmentation patterns. (19) K. parvula, (20) K. manawatawhi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052731/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">20</figureCitation>
) largely dark brown to nearly black, with reduced pale markings on endocorium and more extensive pale markings (whitish yellow to brownish) on exocorium; endocorium with distinct brown eyespot subbasally near R vein, without irregular or subtriangular pale mark next to midportion of clavus; costal margin lined with rather narrow, mostly uninterrupted pale band (sometimes evanescent in apical third); colour pattern in female consistent with that in male; pruinose areas well developed, distributed on base of clavus, seldom on apex, on most of endocorium, often on apical third or inner half of exocorium, and sometimes on membrane near apex of clavus; basal pruinose area of clavus narrow and short, covering less than one-third of clavus length; basal pale spot of clavus usually present; subapical pale spot of clavus present; membrane whitish yellow, often mixed with brown, with pale to moderately dark brown apical margin, veins and patch medially in each of four somewhat reduced or well-formed cells; cell 1 the shortest, distinctly shorter than cells 2 and 3, oval to subtriangular; cells 2 subrectangular, narrowed or not apically; cell 3 subrectangular, subequal or slightly longer than cell 2; cell 4 the narrowest, slender, subequal in length to slightly longer than cell 3, ending apically before tip of cell 3. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B5568D6F9C9AB6FF9F0" bold="true" box="[992,1108,1606,1631]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Venter: male, black, with or without very posterior margin of segments narrowly pale brown; female, moderately to broadly margined with yellowish ivory to yellowish brown, darker medially. Pubescence dense, silvery, and appressed in both sexes. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556E57F903AE31F966" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Male parandria</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556A2AF93FAE4BF966" box="[284,368,1712,1737]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 31" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1944,1966]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,760,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[280,1307,753,1922]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 31. Schematic view of Kiwisaldula species male genitalia. (25 – 28) Parandria, posterior view. (25) K. stoneri, (26) K. porangahau, (27) K. parvula, (28) K. manawatawhi. (29 – 30) K. parvula. (29) Anterior half of aedeagus, lateral view, (30) sclerites of aedeagus, ventral view. (31) Kiwisaldula species. Filum gonopori, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052735/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
) elongate, rather broadly subtriangular, acutely rounded at tip; inner margins sinuate; medial membrane with angular inward projection on each side; basal margin almost straight. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556F4CF95CAA15F944" bold="true" box="[1146,1326,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Male paramere</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556E09F95BAAA8F943" box="[1343,1427,1748,1773]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1155,1177]" captionTargetBox="[260,1324,194,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[253,1333,193,1133]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Schematic view of Kiwisaldula species male genitalia: paramere, ventral. (21) K. stoneri, (22) K. porangahau, (23) K. parvula, (24) K. manawatawhi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052733/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
) with barely distinct processus sensualis bearing less than ten setae; processus hamatus rather short and moderately constricted basally, its tip moderately narrow and acutely rounded. Apical half of 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556F0FF895ABDFF89C" bold="true" box="[1081,1252,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">male aedeagus</emphasis>
, in lateral view, with visible sclerites configuration similar to 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14F6B556992F8B0AC25F8F9" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" box="[676,798,1854,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556992F8B0AC25F8F9" box="[676,798,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556819F8B2AB72F8F9" bold="true" box="[815,1097,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Female subgenital plate</emphasis>
(segment VII ventrally) dark brown to nearly black with apical half pale. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B5569B2F8EDAB5AF8D5" box="[644,1121,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Other characters as in generic description</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B55D368AE14F6B556BF1F80AAC7CF831" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[199,839,1925,1950]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556BF1F80AAEDCF831" bold="true" box="[199,487,1925,1950]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2DD92A0FE14F6B556AC1F80AAD71F831" box="[503,586,1925,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="24.[151,250,2006,2028]" captionTargetBox="[220,1364,1124,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[212,1375,1116,1984]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 33. Collecting localities of Kiwisaldula species, New Zealand’s North Island and nearby offshore islands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052739/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
). Three Kings Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FDF86501E14F6B556BF1F827AA4AF84A" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE14F6B556BF1F827AA4AF84A" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<materialsCitation id="058A3CD7E14F6B556BF1F827ACB2F84A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1701201057" collectionCode="NZAC" collectorName="Offshore Islands. TH &amp; Three Kings &amp; Islands &amp; Castaway Camp" location="Great Island" municipality="Offshore Islands" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="13" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556BF1F827AE92F86E" bold="true" box="[199,425,1960,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Material examined</emphasis>
. A total of 
<specimenCount id="A3E4FD03E14F6B55691FF826ADFAF86E" box="[553,705,1960,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
including 
<typeStatus id="6A598828E14F6B55680FF826AC4CF86E" box="[825,887,1961,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">types</typeStatus>
, from the following localities. 
<collectorName id="1817535CE14F6B556FF9F827AF84F84A" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<collectingMunicipality id="5539ACF0E14F6B556FF9F827AAAFF86E" box="[1231,1428,1960,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556FF9F827AAAFF86E" bold="true" box="[1231,1428,1960,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Offshore Islands</emphasis>
</collectingMunicipality>
. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14F6B556BA1F843AF84F84A" bold="true" box="[151,191,1996,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">TH</emphasis>
</collectorName>
– 
<collectorName id="1817535CE14F6B556BFBF843AE63F84A" box="[205,344,1996,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Three Kings</collectorName>
[
<collectorName id="1817535CE14F6B556A50F843AE80F84A" box="[358,443,1996,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Islands</collectorName>
] (
<location id="B03D6051E14F6B556AF9F842AD66F84A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D4B879CE14C6B526BA1F948AFDDF902:B03D6051E14F6B556AF9F842AD66F84A" box="[463,605,1996,2021]" municipality="Offshore Islands" name="Great Island" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Great Island</location>
, 
<collectorName id="1817535CE14F6B55695FF842AC1BF84A" box="[617,800,1997,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Castaway Camp</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14F6B556819F842ACB9F84A" box="[815,898,1997,2021]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">NZAC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="058A3CD7E14F6B5568A3F842AA55F84A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1701201058" box="[917,1390,1996,2021]" collectionCode="AMNZ, MONZ, NZAC" location="Tasman" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tasman" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="7726F868E14F6B5568A3F842ACD0F84B" box="[917,1003,1997,2020]" country="New Zealand" name="Tasman" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Tasman</collectingRegion>
Valley (
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14F6B556F7EF842ABA4F84A" box="[1096,1183,1997,2021]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/76et-m1kt" name="Auckland Institute and Museum" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">AMNZ</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14F6B556F9CF842AA3BF84A" box="[1194,1280,1997,2021]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/15kb-kde6" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa - Entomology" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">MONZ</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="D3F3AE4FE14F6B556E3DF842AA67F84A" box="[1291,1372,1997,2021]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">NZAC</collectionCode>
))
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E19D6602E14E6B546BA1F813AE80F87F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052729/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" targetBox="[265,1324,210,1909]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE14E6B546BA1F813AE80F87F" blockId="19.[151,1437,1948,2000]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14E6B546BA1F813AE6AF81D" bold="true" box="[151,337,1948,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">FIGURES 17–18</emphasis>
. Eunomy (left corium) of 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14E6B546958F813ADD3F81D" authorityName="Larivière &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[622,744,1948,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14E6B546958F813ADD3F81D" box="[622,744,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Kiwisaldula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species; most frequently observed pigmentation patterns. (17) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14E6B546EB2F812AFE6F87F" authorityName="Drake &amp; Hoberlandt" authorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stoneri">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E14E6B546EB2F812AFE6F87F" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">K. stoneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (18) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E14E6B546A2CF834AE8CF87F" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[282,439,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porangahau">K. porangahau</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E19D6602E1496B536BA1F811AEEFF87C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052731/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" targetBox="[269,1326,219,1920]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE1496B536BA1F811AEEFF87C" blockId="20.[151,1437,1950,2003]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1496B536BA1F811AE6AF81B" bold="true" box="[151,337,1950,1972]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">FIGURES 19–20</emphasis>
. Eunomy (left corium) of 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1496B536958F811ADD3F81B" authorityName="Larivière &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[622,744,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1496B536958F811ADD3F81B" box="[622,744,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Kiwisaldula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species; most frequently observed pigmentation patterns. (19) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1496B536EB2F810AFDDF87C" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1496B536EB2F810AFDDF87C" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (20) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1496B536A15F831AEF5F87C" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[291,462,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1496B536A15F831AEF5F87C" box="[291,462,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">K. manawatawhi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E19D6602E1486B526BA1FB0CAD91FB18" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1052733/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" targetBox="[260,1324,194,1127]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE1486B526BA1FB0CAD91FB18" blockId="21.[151,1437,1155,1207]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526BA1FB0CAE6FFB36" bold="true" box="[151,340,1155,1177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">FIGURES 21–24</emphasis>
. Schematic view of 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526977FB0CAD87FB36" authorityName="Larivière &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[577,700,1155,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526977FB0CAD87FB36" box="[577,700,1155,1177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Kiwisaldula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species male genitalia: paramere, ventral. (21) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526FF8FB0BAA02FB36" authorityName="Drake &amp; Hoberlandt" authorityYear="1950" box="[1230,1337,1156,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stoneri">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526FF8FB0BAA02FB36" box="[1230,1337,1156,1177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. stoneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (22) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526EB2FB0BAE28FB18" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porangahau">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526EB2FB0BAE28FB18" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. porangahau</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (23) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526A66FB2DAE87FB18" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" box="[336,444,1185,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526A66FB2DAE87FB18" box="[336,444,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (24) 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526ACFFB2DAD9EFB18" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[505,677,1185,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526ACFFB2DAD9EFB18" box="[505,677,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. manawatawhi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FDF86501E1486B526BF1FB6BAFC5FAC7" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE1486B526BF1FB6BAFC5FAC7" blockId="21.[151,1437,1252,1709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526BF1FB6BAE24FB52" bold="true" box="[199,287,1252,1277]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Biology</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526A19FB6BAEC4FB52" bold="true" box="[303,511,1252,1277]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Altitudinal range</emphasis>
. Lowland. Coastal or inland (near to the coast). 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526F1DFB6BABBDFB52" bold="true" box="[1067,1158,1252,1277]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Habitat</emphasis>
. [Probably similar to 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526EB4FB6AAFD5FA8F" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526EB4FB6AAFD5FA8F" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.] 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526A31FA87AEB7FA8E" bold="true" box="[263,396,1288,1313]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Seasonality</emphasis>
. Adults, including newly emerged adults (tenerals), collected in November. [Reproduction and life cycle probably similar to 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526929FAA2ADA1FAEB" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" box="[543,666,1324,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526929FAA2ADA1FAEB" box="[543,666,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.] 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526982FAA3ADCBFAEA" bold="true" box="[692,752,1324,1349]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Food</emphasis>
. Predator or scavenger. 
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526F3EFAA3ABB8FAEA" bold="true" box="[1032,1155,1324,1349]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Behaviour</emphasis>
. [Probably similar to 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526EB4FAA2AFD5FAC7" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526EB4FAA2AFD5FAC7" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FDF86501E1486B526BF1FAFBAFDDF902" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B55D368AE1486B526BF1FAFBAA5FFA1E" blockId="21.[151,1437,1252,1709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526BF1FAFBAE0FFA22" bold="true" box="[199,308,1396,1421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species is named after its 
<typeStatus id="6A598828E1486B5269A1FAFAADFCFA22" box="[663,711,1397,1421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">type</typeStatus>
locality, Manawatawhi also known as the Three Kings Islands, a small archipelago located about 
<quantity id="721A9B6FE1486B526937FA17AD73FA1E" box="[513,584,1432,1457]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="km" value="55.0">55 km</quantity>
northwest of the northernmost tip of the North Island of 
<collectingCountry id="CDF5761AE1486B526FF1FA16AA5BFA1E" box="[1223,1376,1432,1457]" name="New Zealand" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B55D368AE1486B526BF1FA33AD27FA56" blockId="21.[151,1437,1252,1709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526BF1FA33AECDFA7B" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" box="[199,502,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526BF1FA33AECDFA7B" box="[199,502,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Kiwisaldula manawatawhi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from subbrachypterous specimens only. Females tend to have slightly more developed wings than males.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B55D368AE1486B526BF1F98BAFDDF902" blockId="21.[151,1437,1252,1709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
The main characters of the male genitalia that set this species apart from its closest geographical and morphological relative 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526AADF9A6AD28F9EF" authorityName="R. H. Cobben" authorityYear="1961" box="[411,531,1576,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Saldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526AADF9A6AD28F9EF" box="[411,531,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are: inner margins of parandria sinuate; inward projections of medial membrane of parandria angular; processus hamatus of paramere rather short, its tip moderately narrow. In general, 
<taxonomicName id="72E24D09E1486B526EB4F9C2AE0FF927" authorityName="Lariviere &amp; Larochelle" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Saldidae" genus="Kiwisaldula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manawatawhi">
<emphasis id="8796EA98E1486B526EB4F9C2AE0FF927" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">K. manawatawhi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has hemelytra with a narrower pale band along the costal margin and bears a basal pale spot on the clavus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>