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<document id="1252EF91A83CB0A83626AFDDB39C8154" ID-CLB-Dataset="22374" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2015.149" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5f7efcfd-9137-4909-8125-f4cc7d9bae9f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787554" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588704016992" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Taylor, Paul D. &amp; Tan, Shau-Hwai Aileen" docDate="2015" docId="9C3C87B4BB32E43EFD34FD7CFE6EFCA5" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2015-149a.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 149" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Arbopercula Nikulina 2010" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="6005FFCCBB3BE434FF8EFF92FFFEFFB2" masterDocTitle="Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698838607080" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="0CBEF6AEBFBCE856DB2D8D66D5E7A45F">Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EDEC1248E6A162CF496D3808E76504B8">Taylor, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2948F05D16DBAA6E7BF0260A30858F58">Tan, Shau-Hwai Aileen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="59121BF47646B7F8965973E468FC15E2">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="060465BE4A766A9B0C8F61D33DF066AA">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9C3C87B4BB32E43EFD34FD7CFE6EFCA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3793817" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163963461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3793817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C3C87B4BB32E43EFD34FD7CFE6EFCA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C3C87B4BB32E43EFD34FD7CFE6EFCA5" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB32E43DFD34FD7CFC84FCBA" box="[698,890,750,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43DFD34FD7CFC84FCBA" blockId="9.[698,890,750,811]" box="[698,890,750,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB32E43DFD34FD7CFC84FCBA" box="[698,890,750,776]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB32E43DFD34FD7CFCACFCBA" ID-CoL="84LVB" authorityName="Nikulina" authorityYear="2010" box="[698,850,750,776]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" genus="Arbopercula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFD34FD7CFCACFCBA" bold="true" box="[698,850,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Arbopercula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB32E43DFD52FC83FCA9FC99" box="[732,855,785,811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43DFD52FC83FCA9FC99" blockId="9.[698,890,750,811]" box="[732,855,785,811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<figureCitation id="8CAE2A27BB32E43DFD52FC83FCE1FC99" box="[732,799,785,811]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1411,1195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. — AC. Arbopercula sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. — DF. Sinoflustra amoyensis (Robertson, 1921). Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
AC
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB32E43DFF33FCC0FC21FC29" box="[189,991,850,923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43DFF33FCC0FED4FCDE" blockId="9.[189,298,850,876]" box="[189,298,850,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB32E43DFF33FCC0FED4FCDE" bold="true" box="[189,298,850,876]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFF33FCC0FED4FCDE" bold="true" box="[189,298,850,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43DFF33FC13FC21FC29" blockId="9.[189,991,897,923]" box="[189,991,897,923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectingCountry id="6C827632BB32E43DFF33FC13FEA4FC29" box="[189,346,897,923]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
: MSL BRY009, Pulau Betong,
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB32E43DFD44FC13FCDDFC29" box="[714,803,897,923]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Penang</collectingRegion>
, on oyster rafts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB32E43EFF33FC50FCCDFE02" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43DFF33FC50FEB0FC6E" blockId="9.[189,334,962,988]" box="[189,334,962,988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB32E43DFF33FC50FEB0FC6E" bold="true" box="[189,334,962,988]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFF33FC50FEB0FC6E" bold="true" box="[189,334,962,988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43EFF33FC63FCCDFE02" blockId="9.[189,1399,1009,1141]" lastBlockId="10.[189,1399,266,432]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilamellar, thinly calcified. Ancestrula and early astogeny not observed. Autozooids subhexagonal, slender, two or more times longer than wide,
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long by
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wide; boundaries between zooids in adjacent rows marked by a narrow fissure, lacking between zooids in the same row;opesia occupying nearly all frontal surface, ovoidal; cryptocyst developed only proximally, extremely narrow, steeply sloping; gymnocyst narrow, broadening in proximolateral corners; two oral spines, erect, short, tapering distally, often with ends closed; circumopesial spines numbering 614, generally paired on either side of opesia, long, tapering distally, overarching frontal membrane, not overlapping or touching (
<figureCitation id="8CAE2A27BB31E43EFD27FEE1FCF9FE3F" box="[681,775,371,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1411,1195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. — AC. Arbopercula sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. — DF. Sinoflustra amoyensis (Robertson, 1921). Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
); proximal circumopesial spine located close to and resembling morphologically the oral spines (
<figureCitation id="8CAE2A27BB31E43EFD47FE04FCD8FE02" box="[713,806,406,432]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1411,1195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. — AC. Arbopercula sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. — DF. Sinoflustra amoyensis (Robertson, 1921). Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="40EA662ABB32E43DFF33F8AEFE8BF856" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787562/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[189,232,1852,1878]" targetBox="[189,1399,1200,1822]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB32E43DFF33F8AEFE8BF856" blockId="9.[189,1399,1852,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFF33F8AEFEEAF8E4" bold="true" box="[189,276,1852,1878]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB32E43DFEA8F8AFFD37F8E5" authority="(Hincks, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[294,713,1853,1879]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Jellyella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="eburnea">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFEA8F8AFFE04F8E5" box="[294,506,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Jellyella eburnea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB32E43DFD9AF8AFFD3EF8E5" author="Hincks T." box="[532,704,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="285 - 298" refId="ref14641" refString="Hincks T. 1891. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. XV. South-African and other Polyzoa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 7: 285 - 298. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939109460610" type="journal article" year="1891">Hincks, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Pantai Chenang, Langkawi.
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFBC6F8AEFB7FF8E4" bold="true" box="[1096,1153,1852,1878]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">AC</emphasis>
. Scanning electron micrographs showing variable development of the gymnocyst; MSL BRY008. A. Group of zooids. B. Slightly oblique view of zooids with poorly developed gymnocysts. C. Zooids with well developed gymnocysts.
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB32E43DFED6F834FE71F872" bold="true" box="[344,399,1958,1984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">DE</emphasis>
. Colonies encrusting a small bottle photographed in the field. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; BC = 500 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB31E43EFF33FE45FE6EFCA5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFF33FE45FED1FE43" blockId="10.[189,303,471,497]" box="[189,303,471,497]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB31E43EFF33FE45FED1FE43" bold="true" box="[189,303,471,497]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFF33FE45FED1FE43" bold="true" box="[189,303,471,497]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFF33FD94FE6EFCA5" blockId="10.[189,1399,518,791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFEB3FD94FE2EFD92" authorityName="Nikulina" authorityYear="2010" box="[317,464,518,544]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" genus="Arbopercula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFEB3FD94FE2EFD92" box="[317,464,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Arbopercula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="CB2E8800BB31E43EFE63FD94FDDEFD92" box="[493,544,518,544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFD0CFD94FBD6FD92" authority="Stolizcka, 1869" authorityName="Stolizcka" authorityYear="1869" box="[642,1064,518,544]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" genus="Electra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="bengalensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFD0CFD94FC95FD92" box="[642,875,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Electra bengalensis</emphasis>
Stolizcka, 1869
</taxonomicName>
was proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFA9EFD94FEF5FDF6" author="Nikulina E. A." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="25 - 28" refId="ref15081" refString="Nikulina E. A. 2010. Three new genera of Electridae (Bryozoa): Arbopercula, Osburnea, and Arbocuspis. Schriften des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins fur Schleswig-Holstein 72: 25 - 28." type="journal article" year="2010">Nikulina (2010)</bibRefCitation>
for species previously included in
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFD4FFDB8FCE9FDF6" box="[705,791,554,580]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" genus="Electra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFD4FFDB8FCE9FDF6" box="[705,791,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Electra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but which have spines on the operculum. These unmineralized structures have not been observed in the dried material from
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB31E43EFBB2FDDFFB6BFDD5" box="[1084,1173,589,615]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Penang</collectingRegion>
, which has lost the opercula. Nevertheless, the
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB31E43EFD88FDE2FDA2FD38" box="[518,604,624,650]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Penang</collectingRegion>
bryozoan does show a strong overall resemblance to the specimen figured by
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFEB7FD01FDE0FD1F" author="Gordon D. P. &amp; Maruf Hossain M. M. &amp; Wood T. S." box="[313,542,659,686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="45 - 58" refId="ref14156" refString="Gordon D. P., Maruf Hossain M. M. &amp; Wood T. S. 2007. The known and anticipated bryozoan diversity of Bangladesh. Journal of Taxonomy and Biodiversity Research 1 (2): 45 - 58." type="journal article" year="2007">
Gordon
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFE16FD07FE34FD1F" box="[408,458,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
. (2007
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1C) as the
<typeStatus id="CB2E8800BB31E43EFD40FD01FCFFFD1F" box="[718,769,659,685]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
species, particularly in the gymnocystal spinosity, and also to
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFE9DFD24FCF4FD62" authority="(Robertson, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[275,778,694,720]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" genus="Arbopercula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="devinensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFE9DFD24FDD7FD62" box="[275,553,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Arbopercula devinensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFDB7FD24FCFFFD62" author="Robertson A." box="[569,769,694,720]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref15315" refString="Robertson A. 1921. Report on a collection of Bryozoa from the Bay of Bengal and other eastern seas. Records of the Indian Museum 22: 33 - 65. Available from http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 41901 # page / 71 / mode / 1 up [accessed 29 Sep. 2015]" type="journal article" year="1921">Robertson, 1921</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, although differences in the distribution and number of spines, plus the extent of the proximal gymnocyst, preclude unequivocal identification as either of these two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>