557 lines
60 KiB
XML
557 lines
60 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1AD3C578584E0E80D7EB27145D701856">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F393AC9554095C90D15192E42AD1FC34">Figueroa, Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B687BECAD92CC0AD6B456158B61D070D">Low, Martyn E. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A3DBDB4FDB912B1C6D3445FED0650AFA">Lim, Kelvin K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="88502B73FFBDB85FFF6B401A78740D21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967013" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209662714" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967013" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFBDB85FFF6B401A78740D21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FFBDB85FFF6B401A78740D21" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFBDB851FF6B401A7BDE080D" box="[151,720,1859,1887]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFBDB851FF6B401A7BDE080D" blockId="39.[151,1436,1859,1995]" box="[151,720,1859,1887]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="5B0E2D09FFBDB851FF6B401A7BDE080D" box="[151,720,1859,1887]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFBDB851FF6B401A7B53080C" ID-CoL="76CZP" authority="(Schlegel, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[151,605,1859,1887]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFBDB851FF6B401A7891080D" bold="true" box="[151,415,1859,1886]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pelobatrachus nasutus</emphasis>
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(Schlegel, 1858)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFBDB851FD87401D7BDE080D" bold="true" box="[635,720,1860,1886]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Native.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFBDB85EFF0B4031789E0FE2" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFBDB851FF0B40317C230898" blockId="39.[151,1436,1859,1995]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFBDB851FF0B40317BD608D0" authority="Schlegel, 1858: 57" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1858" box="[247,728,1896,1923]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Ceratophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFBDB851FF0B403178E508D1" box="[247,491,1896,1922]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ceratophryne nasuta</emphasis>
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Schlegel, 1858: 57
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFBDB851FD1540317A5E08D1" box="[745,848,1896,1922]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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(2): RMNH.RENA.2143 (2), according to
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFBDB851FAA440317B6708F4" author="Gasso Miracle, M. E. & van den Hoek Ostende, L. W. & Arntzen, J. W." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="25 - 68" refId="ref306873" refString="Gasso Miracle, M. E., van den Hoek Ostende, L. W. & Arntzen, J. W. (2007) Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zootaxa, 1482, 25 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1482.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">
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Gassó Miracle
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFBDB851FE4840D478E208F5" box="[436,492,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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(2007: 35)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality: None stated/traced; later designated as “Patang-Singalang,
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<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FFBDB851FEAB40E978B90899" box="[343,439,1968,1994]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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” (= Batang Singalang,
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<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FFBDB851FD4040E97A120899" box="[700,796,1968,1994]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFBDB851FCD440E97A990899" box="[808,919,1968,1994]" name="Indonesia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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) by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFBDB851FC3440E97C270898" author="Gasso Miracle, M. E. & van den Hoek Ostende, L. W. & Arntzen, J. W." box="[968,1321,1968,1995]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="25 - 68" refId="ref306873" refString="Gasso Miracle, M. E., van den Hoek Ostende, L. W. & Arntzen, J. W. (2007) Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zootaxa, 1482, 25 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1482.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">
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||
Gassó Miracle
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFBDB851FB8D40E87DA40899" box="[1137,1194,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2007: 35)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B47CE789E0FE2" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,400,151,177]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Malayan Horned Frog</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB2B85EFF6B47E278190F86" box="[151,279,186,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B47E278190F86" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,279,186,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FFB2B85EFF6347E278010F86" box="[159,271,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="349.[152,255,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,151,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-23@349.[151,1430,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="349" captionText="FIGURE 5. A) Limnonectes paramacrodon, B) Limnonectes plicatellus, C) Occidozyga sumatrana, D) Eleutherodactylus planirostris, E) Leptobrachium nigrops, F) Megophrys nasuta, G) Kalophrynus limbooliati, and H) Kaloulapulchra. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A–H]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960329/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figure 5F</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB2B85EFF6B478778760FAA" box="[151,376,222,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B478778760FAA" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,376,222,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B478778760FAA" bold="true" box="[151,376,222,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFF6B4787781E0FAB" box="[151,272,222,248]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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records.
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB2B85EFF0B465A7D550B2E" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF0B465A7A150E36" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFB2B85EFF0B465A7A150E36" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFF0B465A78EB0E4F" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[247,485,259,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Megalophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF0B465A78EB0E4F" box="[247,485,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Megalophrys nasuta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFDFD465A7BFD0E4E" author="Blanford, W. T." box="[513,755,259,285]" page="216" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1881">
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFDFD465A7BFD0E4E" author="Blanford, W. T." box="[513,755,259,285]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="215 - 226" refId="ref291608" refString="Blanford, W. T. (1881) On a collection of reptiles and frogs chiefly from Singapore. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881 (1), 215 - 226, pls. 20 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 101596" type="journal article" year="1881">Blanford, 1881: 216</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFCEF465A7AFF0E4E" author="Flower, S. S." box="[787,1009,259,285]" page="913" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1896">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFCEF465A7AFF0E4E" author="Flower, S. S." box="[787,1009,259,285]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="856 - 914" refId="ref305802" refString="Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46." type="journal article" year="1896">Flower, 1896: 913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFBEE465A7DFE0E4E" author="Flower, S. S." box="[1042,1264,259,285]" page="913" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1900">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFBEE465A7DFE0E4E" author="Flower, S. S." box="[1042,1264,259,285]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="885 - 916" refId="ref305929" refString="Flower, S. S. (1900) Notes on a second collection of batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula and Siam, from November 1896 to September 1898, with a list of the species recorded from those countries. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1899 (4), 885 - 916, pls. 59 - 60. [conventionally cited as 1899 but published April 1900 (Duncan 1937: 75)]" type="journal article" year="1900">Flower, 1900: 913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah [BTNR]).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFE20467E7BBF0E12" author="Butler, A. L." box="[476,689,295,321]" page="399" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1904">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFE20467E7BBF0E12" author="Butler, A. L." box="[476,689,295,321]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="387 - 402" refId="ref293860" refString="Butler, A. L. (1904) A list of the batrachians known to inhabit the Malay Peninsula, with some remarks on their habits, distribution, & c. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 15 (3), 387 - 402." type="journal article" year="1904">Butler, 1904: 399</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—Hanitsch, 1908: 48.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFC2A467E7C1F0E12" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[982,1297,295,321]" page="279" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFC2A467E7C1F0E12" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[982,1297,295,321]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref292615" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813" type="book" year="1912">Boulenger, 1912: 279–280</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFACD467E78C80E36" author="Hanitsch, R." page="19" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFACD467E78C80E36" author="Hanitsch, R." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref312636" refString="Hanitsch, R. (1912 b) List of the Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians in the Raffles Museum, Singapore. Raffles Library and Museum, Singapore, 19 pp." type="book" year="1912">Hanitsch, 1912b: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFDE646127A160E36" author="Kampen, P. N. van" box="[538,792,331,357]" page="10" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFDE646127A160E36" author="Kampen, P. N. van" box="[538,792,331,357]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref317150" refString="Kampen, P. N. van (1923) The Amphibia of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. E. J. Brill, Leiden, x + 304 pp." type="book" year="1923">Kampen, 1923: 10–13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF0B46367C460B42" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFB2B85EFF0B46367C460B42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFF0B463678C80EDB" ID-CoL="3Z2BX" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[247,454,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF0B463678C80EDB" box="[247,454,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Megophrys nasuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFE1F46367BB90EDA" author="Bourret, R." box="[483,695,367,393]" page="197" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1942">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFE1F46367BB90EDA" author="Bourret, R." box="[483,695,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref292873" refString="Bourret, R. (1942) Les Batraciens de l'Indochine. Institut oceanographique de l'Indochine, Hanoi, x + 547 pp., 4 pls." type="book" year="1942">Bourret, 1942: 197</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—D.S.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFCF246367AD50EDA" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[782,987,367,393]" page="29" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFCF246367AD50EDA" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[782,987,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref316687" refString="Johnson, D. S. (1964) An Introduction to the Natural History of Singapore. Rayirath (Raybooks) Publications, Singapore, x + 106 pp." type="book" year="1964">Johnson, 1964: 29</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 55.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFBDC46377C410EDA" author="Choo-Toh, G. T. & Hails, C. J. & Harrison, B. & Wee, Y. C. & Wong, Y. K." box="[1056,1359,366,393]" page="128" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFBDC46377C410EDA" author="Choo-Toh, G. T. & Hails, C. J. & Harrison, B. & Wee, Y. C. & Wong, Y. K." box="[1056,1359,366,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref297057" refString="Choo-Toh, G. T., Hails, C. J., Harrison, B., Wee, Y. C. & Wong, Y. K. (1985) A Guide to the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 138 pp." type="book" year="1985">
|
||
Choo-Toh
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFB6746367DDD0EDA" box="[1179,1235,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1985: 128
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFD6746CA7A4A0EFE" author="Lim, K." box="[667,836,402,429]" page="51" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFD6746CA7A4A0EFE" author="Lim, K." box="[667,836,402,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="51" refId="ref324928" refString="Lim, K. (1988 d) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 1 (3), 51." type="journal article" year="1988">Lim, 1988d: 51</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Mandai Lake Road [“zoo’s plant nursery”).—K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFA9B46CA78CA0E82" author="Lim, K." page="77" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFA9B46CA78CA0E82" author="Lim, K." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="77 - 78" refId="ref324977" refString="Lim, K. (1988 f) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 1 (4), 77 - 78." type="journal article" year="1988">Lim, 1988f: 77</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFC9A46EE7D1A0E82" author="Lim, K." box="[870,1044,439,465]" page="41" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFC9A46EE7D1A0E82" author="Lim, K." box="[870,1044,439,465]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="41" refId="ref325153" refString="Lim, K. (1989 g) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 2 (3), 41." type="journal article" year="1989">
|
||
Lim,
|
||
<quantity id="C7013780FFB2B85EFC5F46EE7AE30E82" box="[931,1005,439,465]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.989" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="g" value="1989.0">1989g</quantity>
|
||
: 41
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Jungle Fall Valley [BTNR]).—K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFEAB46827B080EA6" author="Lim, K." box="[343,518,474,501]" page="65" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFEAB46827B080EA6" author="Lim, K." box="[343,518,474,501]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref325173" refString="Lim, K. (1989 h) Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes. The Pangolin, 2 (4), 63 - 66." type="journal article" year="1989">Lim, 1989h: 65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Jungle Fall Valley [BTNR]).—K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFC6B46827D490EA6" author="Lim, K." box="[919,1095,475,501]" page="12" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFC6B46827D490EA6" author="Lim, K." box="[919,1095,475,501]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref325224" refString="Lim, K. (1990 b) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 3 (1 - 4), 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1990">Lim, 1990b: 12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Nee Soon Swamp Forest).— K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 56.—K.K.P. Lim & C.M. Yang, 1991: 219 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve; Jungle Fall Valley [BTNR]); Nee Soon Swamp Forest).—D.S.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFB7E457A7C5F0D6E" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[1154,1361,547,573]" page="41" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFB7E457A7C5F0D6E" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[1154,1361,547,573]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref316808" refString="Johnson, D. S. (1992) Natural History of Singapore. Revised Edition. Tynron Press, Leicestershire, ix + 142 pp." type="book" year="1992">Johnson, 1992: 41</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 75.— K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFDB8451E7BEB0D32" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[580,741,583,609]" page="20" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFDB8451E7BEB0D32" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[580,741,583,609]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 143.—P.K.L. Ng & K.K.P.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFBE0451E7DC90D32" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[1052,1223,583,609]" page="260" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFBE0451E7DC90D32" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[1052,1223,583,609]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 260</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Nee Soon Swamp Forest).—E.K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFDF445327BB00DD6" author="Chua, E. K." box="[520,702,618,645]" page="52" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFDF445327BB00DD6" author="Chua, E. K." box="[520,702,618,645]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref297976" refString="Chua, E. K. (1993) Nature in Singapore, Ours to Protect. The Nature Society, Singapore, 132 pp." type="book" year="1993">Chua, 1993: 52</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—L.M.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFCD845327D2A0DD6" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[804,1060,619,645]" page="93" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1994">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFCD845327D2A0DD6" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[804,1060,619,645]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||
Chou
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFC9045327AA70DD6" box="[876,937,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994: 93
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—K.K.P.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFB6745327C6F0DD6" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[1179,1377,619,645]" page="330" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1994">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFB6745327C6F0DD6" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[1179,1377,619,645]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="208 - 211" refId="ref325781" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1994 a) Amphibians. In: Ng, P. K. L. & Wee, Y. C. (Eds.), The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened Plants and Animals of Singapore. Nature Society, Singapore, pp. 208 - 211." type="book chapter" year="1994">Lim, 1994a: 330</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—K. Lim, 1995: 19 (Chestnut Track [CTF]; Mandai Forest Track [NSSF]).—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFAEE45D67C420DFA" box="[1298,1356,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1995: 114.—Inger, 1996: 554.—R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 395 (Chestnut Track Forest; Fern Valley [BTNR]; Jungle Fall & Seraya Valleys [BNTR]; Nee Soon East [NSSF]; Nee Soon South [NSSF]; Taban & Lasia Valleys [BTNR]; Tiup Tiup [BTNR]).—Chan-ard
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFBB845A27D710C46" box="[1092,1151,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1999: 15.—T.M. Leong & L.M. Chou, 1999: 89–90.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K., 2002: 143.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFBD844467C3C0C6A" author="Das, I. & Haas, A." box="[1060,1330,798,825]" page="379" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFBD844467C3C0C6A" author="Das, I. & Haas, A." box="[1060,1330,798,825]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="375 - 381" refId="ref301039" refString="Das, I. & Haas, A. (2005) Sources of larval identities for amphibians from Borneo. Herpetological Review, 36 (4), 375 - 381." type="journal article" year="2005">Das & Haas, 2005: 379</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—K.K.P. Lim & T.M. Leong, 2008: 157, 264.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 55, 158.—Bickford
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFAE5441A7C5E0C0E" box="[1305,1360,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 121.—D.C.J. Yeo
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFDDE443E7B540CD2" box="[546,602,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 159.—L.L.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFCCC443E7D090CD2" author="Grismer, L. L." box="[816,1031,871,897]" page="40" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFCCC443E7D090CD2" author="Grismer, L. L." box="[816,1031,871,897]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref309689" refString="Grismer, L. L. (2011 a) Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago (Peninsular Malaysia). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 239 pp." type="book" year="2011">Grismer, 2011a: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—T.M. Leong, 2011: 21, 22.—T.M.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFEAB44D27B690CF6" author="Leong, T. M. & Gan, J. W. M." box="[343,615,907,933]" page="22" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFEAB44D27B690CF6" author="Leong, T. M. & Gan, J. W. M." box="[343,615,907,933]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref323534" refString="Leong, T. M. & Gan, J. W. M. (2011) Our Fragile Rainforest. National Parks Board, Singapore, 103 pp." type="book" year="2011">Leong & Gan, 2011: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFCFD44D27A340CF6" box="[769,826,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 343.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 55, 158.— L.K. Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFE1E44F67B110C9A" box="[482,543,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012: 121, 186.—Selveindran, 2014: 49–53 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve; Central Catchment Nature Reserve).—E.K. Chua, 2015: 98.—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 150, 179 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—E.K. Chua, 2022: 41 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF0B43427C460B66" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[247,1352,1050,1077]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFB2B85EFF0B43427C460B66" box="[247,1352,1050,1077]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFF0B434278C90B67" ID-CoL="3Z29R" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1903" box="[247,455,1051,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceras">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF0B434278C90B67" box="[247,455,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Megophrys aceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non-Boulenger, 1903)—D.S.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFCDE43427AFF0B66" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[802,1009,1051,1077]" page="29" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFCDE43427AFF0B66" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[802,1009,1051,1077]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref316687" refString="Johnson, D. S. (1964) An Introduction to the Natural History of Singapore. Rayirath (Raybooks) Publications, Singapore, x + 106 pp." type="book" year="1964">Johnson, 1964: 29</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 55.—D.S.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFB8843427C4A0B66" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[1140,1348,1051,1077]" page="41" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFB8843427C4A0B66" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[1140,1348,1051,1077]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref316808" refString="Johnson, D. S. (1992) Natural History of Singapore. Revised Edition. Tynron Press, Leicestershire, ix + 142 pp." type="book" year="1992">Johnson, 1992: 41</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF0B43667C500B0A" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[247,1374,1086,1113]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFB2B85EFF0B43667C500B0A" box="[247,1374,1086,1113]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFF0B43667B300B0B" ID-CoL="3Z2BX" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[247,574,1087,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="monticola" subSpecies="nasuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF0B43667B300B0B" box="[247,574,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Megophrys monticola nasuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFDA743667A200B0A" author="Inger, R. F." box="[603,814,1087,1113]" page="39" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFDA743667A200B0A" author="Inger, R. F." box="[603,814,1087,1113]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref315121" refString="Inger, R. F. (1966) The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana: Zoology, 52, 1 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3147" type="journal article" year="1966">Inger, 1966: 39–46</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah [BTNR]).—L.M.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB2B85EFB6743667C540B0A" author="Chou, L. M." box="[1179,1370,1086,1113]" page="145" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFB6743667C540B0A" author="Chou, L. M." box="[1179,1370,1086,1113]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="145 - 150" refId="ref297324" refString="Chou, L. M. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Chin, S. C., Corlett, R. T., Wee, Y. C. & Geh, S. Y. (Eds.), Rain Forest in the City: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, Supplement 3, pp. 145 - 150." type="journal article" year="1995">Chou, 1995: 145</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF0B433A7D550B2E" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[247,1115,1122,1149]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFF0B433A78E20B2E" ID-CoL="3Z2BS" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[247,492,1123,1149]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF0B433A78E20B2E" box="[247,492,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Megophrys monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non-Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1822)—W.K. Tan, 1992: 50.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB2B85EFF0B43DE7BF50BF2" box="[247,763,1158,1185]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF0B43DE7BF50BF2" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[247,763,1158,1185]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFF0B43DE7B0E0BF3" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[247,512,1159,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophyrs" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF0B43DE787B0BF2" box="[247,373,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Megophyrs</emphasis>
|
||
[sic]
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFE4943DE7B0E0BF3" box="[437,512,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">nasuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—W. Wong, 2017: 53.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB2B85EFF6B43F27B9709EE" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B43F27D6909CA" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B43F278050B96" bold="true" box="[151,267,1195,1221]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Selveindran (2014) indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFD6043F27A1A0B97" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[668,788,1195,1221]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFD6043F27BA30B97" box="[668,685,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFD4243F27A1A0B97" box="[702,788,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
numbers are declining in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFBB943F27DB90B96" box="[1093,1207,1195,1221]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
as its presence was confirmed at only three of nine historical sites and that overall population size was estimated at fewer than 250 mature adults. Undoubtedly, loss and degradation of suitable habitat (i.e., mature tropical forest with swift-flowing, rocky streams) threatens its survival.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFC76424E7D4C0A62" author="Blanford, W. T." box="[906,1090,1303,1329]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="215 - 226" refId="ref291608" refString="Blanford, W. T. (1881) On a collection of reptiles and frogs chiefly from Singapore. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881 (1), 215 - 226, pls. 20 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 101596" type="journal article" year="1881">Blanford (1881)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
first reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFB15424E7C530A63" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1257,1373,1303,1328]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFB15424E7C530A63" box="[1257,1373,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFF0B426278670A06" box="[247,361,1339,1365]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
from a specimen he examined from Dennys at the Raffles Museum.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFB7242627C270A06" author="Flower, S. S." box="[1166,1321,1339,1365]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="600 - 696" refId="ref305863" refString="Flower, S. S. (1899 b) Notes on a second collection of reptiles made in the Malay Peninsula and Siam, from November 1896 - September 1898, with a list of the species recorded from those countries. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899 (4), 600 - 696, pls. 36 - 37." type="journal article" year="1899">Flower (1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a) pointed out that the specimen was collected at BTNR. No new observations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFBD842067D990A2B" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1060,1175,1375,1400]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFBD842067D990A2B" box="[1060,1175,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reported until 60 years after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFE8B42DA7B1F0ACE" author="Butler, A. L." box="[375,529,1411,1437]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="387 - 402" refId="ref293860" refString="Butler, A. L. (1904) A list of the batrachians known to inhabit the Malay Peninsula, with some remarks on their habits, distribution, & c. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 15 (3), 387 - 402." type="journal article" year="1904">Butler (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that Ridley told him that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFC4642DA7D230ACF" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[954,1069,1411,1436]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFC4642DA7D230ACF" box="[954,1069,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not rare in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFB1642DA7C510ACE" box="[1258,1375,1411,1437]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This was when
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFE8F42FE7B2D0A92" author="Johnson, D. S." box="[371,547,1447,1473]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref316687" refString="Johnson, D. S. (1964) An Introduction to the Natural History of Singapore. Rayirath (Raybooks) Publications, Singapore, x + 106 pp." type="book" year="1964">Johnson (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
expressed the opinion that tadpoles are common in streams of BTNR. Early specimens were mainly taken from BTNR as expressed by Hanitsch (1908), and by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFB2D42927C6F0AB6" author="Inger, R. F." box="[1233,1377,1483,1509]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref315121" refString="Inger, R. F. (1966) The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana: Zoology, 52, 1 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3147" type="journal article" year="1966">Inger (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFFB2B85EFE9242B67B1F095A" box="[366,529,1519,1545]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
. According to the FMNH database, the specimens were collected by Davis in 1959. No new observations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFDB7414A7BB1097F" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[587,703,1555,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFDB7414A7B52097F" box="[587,604,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFD95414A7BB1097F" box="[617,703,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reported until
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB2B85EFC62414A7D22097E" author="Lim, K." box="[926,1068,1555,1581]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="51" refId="ref324928" refString="Lim, K. (1988 d) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 1 (3), 51." type="journal article" year="1988">Lim (1988d)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned seeing one individual at the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFEC5416E78A50902" box="[313,427,1591,1617]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
Zoo’s plant nursery on Mandai Lake Road, which also represents the first record outside of BTNR. Given its nocturnal behaviour and distribution within CNR, is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB2B85EFBEC41027D8C0927" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1040,1154,1627,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Pelobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFBEC41027D8C0927" box="[1040,1154,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seldom reported. During the comprehensive BTNR surveys, Teo & Thomas (2019) reported 26 records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B41FB7B9709EE" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,665,1698,1725]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B41FB782409EF" bold="true" box="[151,298,1698,1724]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Restricted to CNR. Uncommon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB2B85FFF6B419F78740D21" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B419F7A0709B2" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,777,1734,1761]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B419F7B0A09B2" bold="true" box="[151,516,1734,1761]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFF6B419F781E09B3" box="[151,272,1734,1760]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
conservation status.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Critically Endangered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B41B37B090856" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,519,1770,1797]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B41B378AF0857" bold="true" box="[151,417,1770,1796]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
|
||
Highest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B40577BDB087A" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[151,725,1806,1833]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B405778DC087A" bold="true" box="[151,466,1806,1833]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Least Concern [2021].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85EFF6B406B7B8008EA" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B406B7D0C081E" bold="true" box="[151,1026,1842,1869]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFF6B406B7AF3081E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689440" box="[151,1021,1842,1869]" collectionCode="LKCNHM, NHMUK" collectorName="Museum" location="Bukit Timah Nature Reserve" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFF6B406B7816081F" box="[151,280,1842,1868]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">LKCNHM</collectionCode>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFEC7406A78A7081E" box="[315,425,1843,1869]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FFB2B85EFE4C406A7B16081E" box="[432,536,1843,1869]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Museum</collectorName>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFB2B85EFD58406B7AF3081E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFBDB85FFF6B401A78740D21:0526CCBEFFB2B85EFD58406B7AF3081E" box="[676,1021,1842,1869]" name="Bukit Timah Nature Reserve" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bukit Timah Nature Reserve</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFBF4406A7B350822" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687529" collectingDate="1974-08-05" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFBF4406A7D4E081E" box="[1032,1088,1843,1869]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.11007–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFB52406A7DE8081E" box="[1198,1254,1843,1869]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.11009 (1889),
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFF0B400F783F0822" box="[247,305,1878,1905]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1543 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFE6B400F7B3D0822" box="[407,563,1878,1905]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1974-08-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFE6B400F7B3D0822" box="[407,563,1878,1905]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1974-08-05">05-Aug-1974</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFDB1400E7A920822" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688192" box="[589,924,1879,1905]" collectingDate="1977-12-28" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFDB1400E7B800822" box="[589,654,1879,1905]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1. 1267 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFD07400E7A9A0822" box="[763,916,1879,1905]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1977-12-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFD07400E7A9A0822" box="[763,916,1879,1905]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1977-12-28">28-Dec-1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFC52400F7DFC0822" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689276" box="[942,1266,1878,1905]" collectingDate="1988-11-12" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFC52400F7AE60822" box="[942,1000,1878,1905]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1553 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFBB2400E7DE70822" box="[1102,1257,1879,1905]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1988-11-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFBB2400E7DE70822" box="[1102,1257,1879,1905]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1988-11-12">12-Nov-1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFAF8400F7B3408C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687758" collectingDate="1986-11-22" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFAF8400F7C330822" box="[1284,1341,1878,1905]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1522–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFF0B4023783F08C6" box="[247,305,1914,1941]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1523 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFE6A40227B3C08C6" box="[406,562,1915,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1986-11-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFE6A40227B3C08C6" box="[406,562,1915,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1986-11-22">22-Nov-1986</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFDB640227A8B08C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689713" box="[586,901,1915,1941]" collectingDate="1996-10-18" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFDB640227B8D08C6" box="[586,643,1915,1941]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3410 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFD1540227A7208C6" box="[745,892,1915,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1996-10-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFD1540227A7208C6" box="[745,892,1915,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1996-10-18">18-Oct-1996</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFC6940227DBD08C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688487" box="[917,1203,1915,1941]" collectingDate="1996-11" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFC6940227AC008C6" box="[917,974,1915,1941]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3464 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFBCF40227DA508C6" box="[1075,1195,1915,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1996-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFBCF40227DA508C6" box="[1075,1195,1915,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1996-11">Nov-1996</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFB3F4022784208EA" bold="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFB3F4022784908EA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687777" location="Nee Soon Swamp Forest" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFB2B85EFB3F4022784908EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFBDB85FFF6B401A78740D21:0526CCBEFFB2B85EFB3F4022784908EA" name="Nee Soon Swamp Forest" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Nee Soon Swamp Forest</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB2B85EFEAF40C67B8408EA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688474" box="[339,650,1951,1977]" collectingDate="1990-10-30" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFEAF40C6788208EA" box="[339,396,1951,1977]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.2930 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB2B85EFE1140C67B8C08EA" box="[493,642,1951,1977]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1990-10-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB2B85EFE1140C67B8C08EA" box="[493,642,1951,1977]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1990-10-30">30-Oct-1990</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB2B85FFF6B409B7D010FE2" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="41.[151,1437,150,249]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFF6B409B7ACE088F" bold="true" box="[151,960,1986,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFEDE409B7895088F" box="[290,411,1986,2012]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
museum specimens.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB2B85EFD5D409B7A14088F" box="[673,794,1986,2012]" name="Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(no locality):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB2B85EFC37409A7D2E088E" box="[971,1056,1987,2013]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB2B85EFBD3409B7C92088E" bold="true" box="[1071,1436,1986,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bukit Timah Nature Reserve:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB3B85FFF0B47CE78460FE2" box="[247,328,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFEA847CF7B0F0FE2" bold="true" box="[340,513,150,177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mandai Road:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB3B85FFDF447CE7B570FE2" box="[520,601,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFD9947CE7ABC0FE2" bold="true" box="[613,946,150,177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Nee Soon Swamp [=
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB3B85FFCA747CF7A910FE3" box="[859,927,150,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">NSSF</collectionCode>
|
||
]:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB3B85FFC4547CE7D040FE2" box="[953,1034,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF6B47E37AD40FAA" blockId="41.[151,1437,150,249]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF6B47E378800F87" bold="true" box="[151,398,186,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFF6B47E3781E0F87" box="[151,272,186,212]" name="Singapore" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
localities.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—Chestnut Track Forest—Mandai Lake Road*—Mandai Road*—Nee Soon Swamp Forest—Upper Seletar (not specified).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFE3846187D7E0E08" blockId="41.[452,1136,321,347]" box="[452,1136,321,347]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFE3846187D7E0E08" bold="true" box="[452,1136,321,347]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFDDF46187AE60E08" authority="Gunther, 1858 a" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1858" box="[547,1000,321,347]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Microhylidae Günther, 1858a (1843)</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF6B46D07DCD0E94" blockId="41.[151,1436,393,455]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Micrhylidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFED646D27B180EF0" author="Gnther, A." box="[298,534,393,422]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref311824" refString="Gnther, A. (1858 a) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees [of the British Museum], London, xvi + 160 pp., 12 pls." type="book" year="1858">Ģnther, 1858a: 346</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFB3B85FFDD446D07B540EF0" box="[552,602,393,419]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFD5346D07D020EF0" authority="Tschudi, 1838: 346" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityPageNumber="346" authorityYear="1838" box="[687,1036,393,419]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFD5346D07A2D0EF0" box="[687,803,393,419]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Microhyla</emphasis>
|
||
Tschudi, 1838: 346
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFB3B85FFBE646D37D5C0EF7" box="[1050,1106,394,420]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
genus:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFB5346D078CA0E94" authority="Dumeril & Bibron, 1841: 613" authorityName="Dumeril & Bibron" authorityPageNumber="613" authorityYear="1841" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Micrhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFB5346D07C1B0EF0" box="[1199,1301,393,419]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Micrhyla</emphasis>
|
||
Duméril & Bibron, 1841: 613
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(an incorrect subsequent spelling of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFC9D46F47DB90E94" authority="Tschudi, 1838: 346" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityPageNumber="346" authorityYear="1838" box="[865,1207,429,455]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFC9D46F47ADB0E94" box="[865,981,429,455]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Microhyla</emphasis>
|
||
Tschudi, 1838: 346
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFDFF46B57D3F0D55" blockId="41.[515,1073,491,518]" box="[515,1073,491,518]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFDFF46B57D3F0D55" bold="true" box="[515,1073,491,518]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFDA646B27AA40D55" authority="Tschudi, 1838" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[602,938,491,518]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFDA646B27BF80D55" bold="true" box="[602,758,491,518]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
Tschudi, 1838
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF6B456D78740D21" blockId="41.[151,1436,564,626]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF6B456D78F50D1D" authority="Tschudi, 1838: 48" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,507,564,590]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF6B456D78260D1D" box="[151,296,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
Tschudi, 1838: 48
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 86 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFB3B85FFDCF456D7B6B0D1D" box="[563,613,564,590]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFD30456D7DAE0D1D" authority="Tschudi, 1838" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[716,1184,564,590]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFD30456D7AF60D1D" box="[716,1016,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
Tschudi, 1838
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy; gender masculine).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |