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<document id="E3BC5242FD7DB3FD20D6EF2FA25EFE5F" ID-CLB-Dataset="45845" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3794.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ef07b63-41e2-4f15-85ff-1efa1ab858d2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="230065" ID-ZooBank="DDBA51E5-3E7F-41E7-8A97-D4D7F12430A0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460416647205" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bertaco, Vinicius A." docDate="2014" docId="03F26947FFFEFFE305E0AA6DF9F7B2FE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03794p500.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3794 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Astyanax douradilho Bertaco, 2014, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="497" masterDocId="FFCB113FFFFFFFE60577A90BFC67B00E" masterDocTitle="Astyanax douradilho, a new characid fish from the rio Tramandaí system, southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)" masterLastPageNumber="500" masterPageNumber="492" pageNumber="493" updateTime="1698328930793" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="792401AF042FA7D006DDA0871091EB29">Astyanax douradilho, a new characid fish from the rio Tramandaí system, southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="822FBD7DBFF3EEFFD934F001694D6330">Bertaco, Vinicius A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="560094D4C7AE14CFE0A6F768C32EB563">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F26947FFFEFFE305E0AA6DF9F7B2FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5690654" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119425344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5690654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F26947FFFEFFE305E0AA6DF9F7B2FE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F26947FFFEFFE305E0AA6DF9F7B2FE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
<subSubSection id="C3418BDAFFFEFFE705E0AA6DFD15B3AD" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0AC6F3DFFFEFFE705E0AA6DFE46B371" bold="true" box="[151,545,870,895]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE705E0AA6DFE46B371" bold="true" box="[151,545,870,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE705E0AA6DFDEFB371" ID-CoL="J5R9" box="[151,392,870,895]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE705E0AA6DFDEFB371" bold="true" box="[151,392,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CB938FFFEFFE704E0AA6DFE46B371" box="[407,545,870,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFEFFE705E0AA81FD15B3AD" blockId="1.[151,545,870,931]" box="[151,370,906,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
(
<figureCitation id="1360C4D4FFFEFFE705E8AA81FD6DB3AD" box="[159,266,906,931]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,178,1267]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1387,238,1834]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,177,1307]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1854]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Astyanax douradilho, MCN 19858, 90.0 mm SL, holotype, arroio Encantado, rio Maquiné basin, rio Tramandaí system, municipality of Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A) Specimen just after fixation; B) in alcohol." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Astyanax douradilho, MCP 25700, 54.0 mm SL, paratype. Upper and lower jaw teeth, left side, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/230066/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/230067/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6D9EDEAFFFEFFE70461AA81FD00B3AD" box="[278,359,906,931]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,440,463]" captionTargetBox="[159,1346,522,1330]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data for holotype and paratypes of Astyanax douradilho, n. sp., n = 30 (including holotype) from the rio Maquiné drainage, rio Tramandaí system, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. SD = Standard Deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" tableUuid="DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3418BDAFFFEFFE705E0AAD9FF67B608" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFEFFE705E0AAD9FE84B43D" blockId="1.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE705E0AAD9FD6CB3E5" bold="true" box="[151,267,978,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
<typeStatus id="54E066F3FFFEFFE705E0AAD9FD61B3E5" box="[151,262,978,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
MCN 19858, 1, 90.0 mm
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE70742AAD8FE3FB3E5" box="[565,600,979,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C98C1FFFEFFE70714AAD9FECDB3E5" box="[611,682,978,1003]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Rio Grande do Sul State, municipality of Maquiné, Barra do Ouro District, rio Maquiné basin, rio Tramadaí system, arroio Encantado,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE706DDAAFDF84BB401" box="[938,1068,1014,1039]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-29.607779">29º36’28”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE701A7AAFCF93BB401" box="[1232,1372,1015,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2013-11-01">1 Nov 2013</date>
, V.A. Bertaco, M.A. Azevedo, C.L. Castilho &amp; A.C. Vigo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFEFFE705B0AD35FF67B608" blockId="1.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
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<typeStatus id="54E066F3FFFEFFE705B0AD35FD26B459" box="[199,321,1086,1111]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34C98C1FFFEFFE70438AD35FDF1B459" box="[335,406,1086,1111]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Rio Grande do Sul State, municipality of Maquiné, Barra do Ouro District, rio Maquiné basin, rio Tramadaí system. MCN 19895, 10,
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<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE7061AAD68FFA0B475" box="[877,967,1123,1147]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q02-t412" name="Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">UFRGS</collectionCode>
18390, 7,
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<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE70193AD68F960B475" box="[1252,1287,1123,1147]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, rio do Ouro,
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,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE704CCAD8DFE28B491" box="[443,591,1158,1183]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2010-12-16">16 Dec 2010</date>
, C. Vogel, G. Rosa &amp; L. Artioli. MCN 19896, 6, 63.7-76.0 mm
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE7005EAD8CF92BB491" box="[1321,1356,1159,1183]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, rio do Ouro,
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,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE7077FADA0FEF2B4CD" box="[520,661,1195,1219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2011-01-11">11 Jan 2011</date>
, C. Vogel, R. Paesi &amp; G. Rosa.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE7017CADA0F821B4CD" box="[1035,1094,1195,1219]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25371, 2,
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<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE70003ADA0F9F0B4CD" box="[1396,1431,1195,1219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, arroio Encantado,
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<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE707E7ADC4FF71B4E9" box="[656,790,1231,1255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="1999-09-01">1 Sep 1999</date>
, F.G. Becker, M. Vassiliou &amp; G. Irgang.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE7019BADC4F940B4E9" box="[1260,1319,1231,1255]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25479, 2, 68.6–72.0 mm
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE7043CADF8FD09B505" box="[331,366,1267,1291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, arroio Encantado,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE70720ADF9FEBDB505" box="[599,730,1266,1291]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-29.607779">29º36’28”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE70791ADF9FF15B505" box="[742,882,1266,1291]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-50.204166">50º12’15”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE706F4ADF8F844B505" box="[899,1059,1267,1291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="1999-08-31">31 Aug 1999</date>
, F.G. Becker, M. Vassilou &amp; T. Finkler.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE70582AC1CFD57B521" box="[245,304,1303,1327]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25692, 1,
<quantity id="4CA375B4FFFEFFE704DFAC1CFE6BB520" box="[424,524,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.39" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="73.9">73.9 mm</quantity>
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, arroio Lageado (Cerrito),
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE70699AC1DF81DB521" box="[1006,1146,1302,1327]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-50.280834">50º16’51”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE701F1AC1CF96FB521" box="[1158,1288,1303,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="1999-09-04">4 Sep 1999</date>
, F.G. Becker, G. Irgang &amp; M. Vassiliou.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE704BCAC30FE61B55D" box="[459,518,1339,1363]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25693, 2,
<quantity id="4CA375B4FFFEFFE707F2AC31FF4CB55C" box="[645,811,1338,1363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="6.74" metricValueMin="5.96" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="63.5" valueMax="67.4" valueMin="59.6">59.6–67.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE70643AC30FF30B55D" box="[820,855,1339,1363]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, arroio Forqueta,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE70151AC30F8C0B55D" box="[1062,1191,1339,1363]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-29.545">29º32’42”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE7003BAC30FCB5B579" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2000-02-23">23 Feb 2000</date>
, F.G. Becker, F.S. Villela, M.F. Corrêa &amp; C.S. Villela.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE7063CAC54FFE1B579" box="[843,902,1375,1399]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25698, 3,
<quantity id="4CA375B4FFFEFFE70172AC55F8CCB578" box="[1029,1195,1374,1399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.945" metricValueMax="7.52" metricValueMin="6.37" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="69.45" valueMax="75.2" valueMin="63.7">63.7–75.2 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE701C3AC54F8B0B579" box="[1204,1239,1375,1399]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, arroio Forqueta,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE705E0AC88FD7FB595" box="[151,280,1411,1435]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-29.545">29º32’42”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE704CBAC89FE37B595" box="[444,592,1410,1435]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2000-02-26">26 Feb 2000</date>
, F.G. Becker, F.S. Villela, M.F. Corrêa &amp; C.S. Villela.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE701B2AC88F967B595" box="[1221,1280,1411,1435]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25700, 12 (3 c&amp;s), 46.0–
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<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE704FFACACFDCCB5B1" box="[392,427,1447,1471]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, arroio Encantado,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE707FFACADFF6CB5B1" box="[648,779,1446,1471]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-29.607779">29º36’28”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE70664ACADFFF8B5B1" box="[787,927,1446,1471]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-50.204166">50º12’15”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE706DBACADF85AB5B1" box="[940,1085,1446,1471]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2000-02-26">26 Feb 2000</date>
, F.G. Becker, F.S. Villela, M.F. Corrêa &amp; C.S. Villela.
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE704E1ACC0FDB6B5ED" box="[406,465,1483,1507]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">MCP</collectionCode>
25708, 2, 48.4–60.0 mm
<collectionCode id="ED4A4094FFFEFFE70786ACC0FF73B5ED" box="[753,788,1483,1507]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">SL</collectionCode>
, arroio Encantado,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE7069AACC1F817B5ED" box="[1005,1136,1482,1507]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-29.607779">29º36’28”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6FBE96FFFEFFE70101ACC1F964B5ED" box="[1142,1283,1482,1507]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" precision="15" value="-50.204166">50º12’15”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE70079ACC0F9FFB5ED" box="[1294,1432,1483,1507]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="2000-01-22">22 Jan 2000</date>
, F.G. Becker, F.S. Villela, M.F. Corrêa &amp; M.B. Fonseca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3418BDAFFFEFFE705B0AF19FF21B79D" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFEFFE705B0AF19FF21B79D" blockId="1.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE705B0AF19FD26B625" bold="true" box="[199,321,1554,1579]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE7043FAF18FE54B625" box="[328,563,1555,1579]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE7043FAF18FE54B625" box="[328,563,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all congeners inhabiting the rio
<collectingCountry id="F34C98C1FFFEFFE7015BAF18F8E9B625" box="[1068,1166,1555,1579]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
basin, laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí systems by the presence of 3–5 maxillary tricuspid teeth, except from
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE701B7AF3CFC96B67D" authority="Melo &amp; Buckup" authorityName="Melo &amp; Buckup" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="henseli">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE701B7AF3CF954B640" box="[1216,1331,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. henseli</emphasis>
Melo &amp; Buckup
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE7058AAF50FDAAB67D" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[253,461,1627,1651]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE7058AAF50FD13B67D" box="[253,372,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. laticeps</emphasis>
(Cope)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE7077DAF50FF96B67D" authority="Azpelicueta, Almiron &amp; Casciotta" authorityName="Azpelicueta, Almiron &amp; Casciotta" box="[522,1009,1626,1651]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paris">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE7077DAF50FE04B67C" box="[522,611,1627,1650]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. paris</emphasis>
Azpelicueta, Almirón &amp; Casciotta
</taxonomicName>
, and by the absence of a conspicuous dark stripe from humeral region to caudal peduncle. Additionally, it differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE70145AF74F8C6B698" box="[1074,1185,1662,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="henseli">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE70145AF74F8C6B698" box="[1074,1185,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. henseli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of gill rakers on lower branch of first arch (11–12
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE707F6AFA8FEFFB6B4" box="[641,664,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">vs</emphasis>
. 15–19), from
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE70635AFA8FFDFB6B5" box="[834,952,1699,1723]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE70635AFA8FFDFB6B5" box="[834,952,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. laticeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number and shape of humeral spots (two vertically elongate
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE704DCAFCCFDA5B6D0" box="[427,450,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">vs</emphasis>
. one oval horizontally elongate), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE706C7AFCCF86CB6D0" box="[944,1035,1735,1758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paris">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE706C7AFCCF86CB6D0" box="[944,1035,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. paris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of perforated scales along the lateral line (37–39
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE704AEAFE0FD97B70C" box="[473,496,1771,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">vs</emphasis>
. 34–36). The following combination of characters distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFEFFE701B4AFE0F938B70D" box="[1219,1375,1771,1795]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE701B4AFE0F938B70D" box="[1219,1375,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">A. douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from all other species of the genus: the presence of two vertically elongate humeral spots, a conspicuous caudal spot, absence of a conspicuous dark stripe from humeral region to caudal peduncle, 3–5 maxillary tricuspid teeth, 22–24 branched anal-fin rays,
<date id="FFE5FE91FFFEFFE704DEAE5CFD88B761" box="[425,495,1878,1903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" value="1939-07-03">
3
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE704C0AE5DFDA2B761" bold="true" box="[439,453,1878,1903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">7</emphasis>
–39
</date>
perforated scales along the lateral line, head length (26.0–29.9% SL), upper jaw length (43.8–50.6% HL), and snout length (23.0–28.6% HL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3418BDAFFFEFFE305B0AE95FD3FB186" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFEFFE405B0AE95F9E2B0F6" blockId="1.[151,1437,978,2011]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="494" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFEFFE705B0AE95FD3EB7B9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1950,1975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="493">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data summarized in
<tableCitation id="C6D9EDEAFFFEFFE70784AE95FF2FB7B9" box="[755,840,1950,1975]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,440,463]" captionTargetBox="[159,1346,522,1330]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data for holotype and paratypes of Astyanax douradilho, n. sp., n = 30 (including holotype) from the rio Maquiné drainage, rio Tramandaí system, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. SD = Standard Deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1" pageId="1" pageNumber="493" tableUuid="DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body compressed and elongate, with greatest body depth anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head straight or slightly convex. Dorsal body profile convex from tip of supraocciptal spine to base of last dorsal-fin ray; straight from that point to adipose fin origin. Ventral profile of body convex from mandibular symphisis to pelvic fin origin, nearly straight to anal-fin origin, and posterodorsally slanted along anal-fin base. Caudal peduncle deep, nearly straight on dorsal and ventral margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFDFFE405B0A80FFD3BB186" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Snout rounded from margin of upper lip to vertical through anterior nostrils. Head somewhat pointed anteriorly in lateral profile. Mouth terminal, jaw isognathous. Mouth slit nearly at horizontal through the middle of eye. Maxilla extending posteriorly to vertical through anterior margin of orbit reaching pupil. Maxilla widened anteroposteriorly.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1" ID-Table-UUID="DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2488D9FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494" targetBox="[159,1346,522,1330]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFDFFE405E0A8B3F970B1E1" blockId="2.[151,1436,439,495]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFDFFE405E0A8B3FD6CB1C1" bold="true" box="[151,267,440,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data for holotype and paratypes of
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFDFFE40643A8BCF873B1C1" box="[820,1044,439,463]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFDFFE40643A8BCF873B1C1" box="[820,1044,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21CB938FFFDFFE40154A8B3F806B1C1" box="[1059,1121,440,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFDFFE40154A8B3F806B1C1" bold="true" box="[1059,1121,440,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, n = 30 (including holotype) from the rio Maquiné drainage, rio Tramandaí system, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. SD = Standard Deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFDFFE407FCAB01F925B53C" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<table id="F95B2AF1FFFD001905E8AB01F925B53C" box="[159,1346,522,1330]" gridcols="5" gridrows="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AB01F925B22E" box="[159,1346,522,544]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="494" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAB01FE8EB22E" box="[651,745,522,544]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Holotype</th>
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AB01FFDCB22E" box="[854,955,522,544]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Range</th>
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AB01F8C9B22E" box="[1140,1198,522,544]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Mean</th>
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AB01F925B22E" box="[1314,1346,522,544]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AB3FF925B244" box="[159,1346,564,586]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AB3FFDD2B244" box="[159,437,564,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAB3FFE8EB244" box="[651,745,564,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">90.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AB3FFFDCB244" box="[854,955,564,586]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">48.4–90.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AB3FF8C9B244" box="[1140,1198,564,586]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">65.3</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AB3FF925B244" box="[1314,1346,564,586]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AB56F925B27D" box="[159,1346,605,627]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="494" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AB56FDD2B27D" box="[159,437,605,627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Percents of Standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AB8DF925B292" box="[159,1346,646,668]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AB8DFDD2B292" box="[159,437,646,668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Predorsal distance</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAB8DFE8EB292" box="[651,745,646,668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">52.8</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AB8DFFDCB292" box="[854,955,646,668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">52.0–57.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AB8DF8C9B292" box="[1140,1198,646,668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">54.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AB8DF925B292" box="[1314,1346,646,668]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8ABBBF925B2C8" box="[159,1346,688,710]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8ABBBFDD2B2C8" box="[159,437,688,710]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Prepelvic distance</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCABBBFE8EB2C8" box="[651,745,688,710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">48.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621ABBBFFDCB2C8" box="[854,955,688,710]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">47.2–51.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103ABBBF8C9B2C8" box="[1140,1198,688,710]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">49.2</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055ABBBF925B2C8" box="[1314,1346,688,710]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8ABD2F925B2E1" box="[159,1346,729,751]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8ABD2FDD2B2E1" box="[159,437,729,751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Prepectoral distance</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCABD2FE8EB2E1" box="[651,745,729,751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">27.4</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621ABD2FFDCB2E1" box="[854,955,729,751]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">25.8–30.2</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103ABD2F8C9B2E1" box="[1140,1198,729,751]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">27.8</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055ABD2F925B2E1" box="[1314,1346,729,751]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AA09F925B316" box="[159,1346,770,792]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AA09FDD2B316" box="[159,437,770,792]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Preanal distance</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAA09FE8EB316" box="[651,745,770,792]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">67.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AA09FFDCB316" box="[854,955,770,792]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">64.6–69.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AA09F8C9B316" box="[1140,1198,770,792]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">67.3</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AA09F925B316" box="[1314,1346,770,792]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AA27F925B34C" box="[159,1346,812,834]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AA27FDD2B34C" box="[159,437,812,834]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAA27FE8EB34C" box="[651,745,812,834]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">35.9</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AA27FFDCB34C" box="[854,955,812,834]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">34.4–41.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AA27F8C9B34C" box="[1140,1198,812,834]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">37.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AA27F925B34C" box="[1314,1346,812,834]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AA5EF925B365" box="[159,1346,853,875]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AA5EFDD2B365" box="[159,437,853,875]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAA5EFE8EB365" box="[651,745,853,875]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">12.4</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AA5EFFDCB365" box="[854,955,853,875]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">11.6–13.4</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AA5EF8C9B365" box="[1140,1198,853,875]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">12.3</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AA5EF925B365" box="[1314,1346,853,875]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AA75F925B39A" box="[159,1346,894,916]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AA75FDD2B39A" box="[159,437,894,916]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAA75FE8EB39A" box="[651,745,894,916]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">12.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AA75FFDCB39A" box="[854,955,894,916]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">9.5–14.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AA75F8C9B39A" box="[1140,1198,894,916]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">11.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AA75F925B39A" box="[1314,1346,894,916]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AAA3F925B3B0" box="[159,1346,936,958]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AAA3FDD2B3B0" box="[159,437,936,958]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Anal-fin base length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAAA3FE8EB3B0" box="[651,745,936,958]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">28.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AAA3FFDCB3B0" box="[854,955,936,958]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">26.7–30.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AAA3F8C9B3B0" box="[1140,1198,936,958]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">28.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AAA3F925B3B0" box="[1314,1346,936,958]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AADAF925B3E9" box="[159,1346,977,999]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AADAFDD2B3E9" box="[159,437,977,999]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Dorsal-fin length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAADAFE8EB3E9" box="[651,745,977,999]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">26.2</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AADAFFDCB3E9" box="[854,955,977,999]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">26.2–30.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AADAF8C9B3E9" box="[1140,1198,977,999]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">28.3</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AADAF925B3E9" box="[1314,1346,977,999]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AAF1F925B41E" box="[159,1346,1018,1040]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AAF1FDD2B41E" box="[159,437,1018,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Pelvic-fin length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAAF1FE8EB41E" box="[651,745,1018,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">17.4</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AAF1FFDCB41E" box="[854,955,1018,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">14.1–19.1</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AAF1F8C9B41E" box="[1140,1198,1018,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">17.9</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AAF1F925B41E" box="[1314,1346,1018,1040]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AD2FF925B434" box="[159,1346,1060,1082]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AD2FFDD2B434" box="[159,437,1060,1082]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Pectoral-fin length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAD2FFE8EB434" box="[651,745,1060,1082]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">21.9</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AD2FFFDCB434" box="[854,955,1060,1082]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">21.9–25.3</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AD2FF8C9B434" box="[1140,1198,1060,1082]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">23.4</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AD2FF925B434" box="[1314,1346,1060,1082]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AD46F925B46D" box="[159,1346,1101,1123]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AD46FDD2B46D" box="[159,437,1101,1123]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Head length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAD46FE8EB46D" box="[651,745,1101,1123]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">26.2</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AD46FFDCB46D" box="[854,955,1101,1123]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">26.0–29.9</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AD46F8C9B46D" box="[1140,1198,1101,1123]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">27.7</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AD46F925B46D" box="[1314,1346,1101,1123]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AD7DF925B482" box="[159,1346,1142,1164]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="494" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AD7DFDD2B482" box="[159,437,1142,1164]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Percents of Head length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8ADABF925B4B8" box="[159,1346,1184,1206]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8ADABFDD2B4B8" box="[159,437,1184,1206]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Snout length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCADABFE8EB4B8" box="[651,745,1184,1206]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">25.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621ADABFFDCB4B8" box="[854,955,1184,1206]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">23.0–28.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103ADABF8C9B4B8" box="[1140,1198,1184,1206]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">26.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055ADABF925B4B8" box="[1314,1346,1184,1206]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8ADC2F925B4D1" box="[159,1346,1225,1247]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8ADC2FDD2B4D1" box="[159,437,1225,1247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Upper jaw length</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCADC2FE8EB4D1" box="[651,745,1225,1247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">50.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621ADC2FFDCB4D1" box="[854,955,1225,1247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">43.8–50.6</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103ADC2F8C9B4D1" box="[1140,1198,1225,1247]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">47.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055ADC2F925B4D1" box="[1314,1346,1225,1247]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8ADF9F925B506" box="[159,1346,1266,1288]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8ADF9FDD2B506" box="[159,437,1266,1288]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Orbital diameter</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCADF9FE8EB506" box="[651,745,1266,1288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">34.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621ADF9FFDCB506" box="[854,955,1266,1288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">34.2–40.7</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103ADF9F8C9B506" box="[1140,1198,1266,1288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">38.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055ADF9F925B506" box="[1314,1346,1266,1288]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356BDA13FFFD001905E8AC17F925B53C" box="[159,1346,1308,1330]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
<th id="76BAB36FFFFD001905E8AC17FDD2B53C" box="[159,437,1308,1330]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Interorbital width</th>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD001907FCAC17FE8EB53C" box="[651,745,1308,1330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">28.5</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190621AC17FFDCB53C" box="[854,955,1308,1330]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">22.6–30.0</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190103AC17F8C9B53C" box="[1140,1198,1308,1330]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">27.1</td>
<td id="76BAB36FFFFD00190055AC17F925B53C" box="[1314,1346,1308,1330]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">1.6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFDFFE405B0AC7DF81EB64D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1398,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">
Premaxillary teeth in two rows: outer row with 4(24), 5(9), or 6*(2) tricuspid teeth, central cusp longer; inner row with five teeth, gradually decreasing in length from first to fifth; usually with four cusps on first tooth, five cusps on second to fourth teeth and three cusps on fifth tooth. Maxilla with 3(27), 4*(7), or 5(2) tricuspid teeth; central cusp broader than others. Dentary with 3(2) or 4*(28) large tri- or pentacuspid teeth, followed by six to eight small teeth, uni- to tretracuspid (
<figureCitation id="1360C4D4FFFDFFE40736AF0DFEE1B611" box="[577,646,1542,1567]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[199,1387,238,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1854]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Astyanax douradilho, MCP 25700, 54.0 mm SL, paratype. Upper and lower jaw teeth, left side, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230067/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Median cusp in all cuspidate teeth longer than remaining cusps; cusp tips slightly curved inwardly in dentary, premaxillary teeth cusps approximately straight.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFDFFE405B0AF45F87FB731" blockId="2.[151,1436,1398,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Dorsal-fin rays i,9(1) or 10*(34); first unbranched ray approximately half length of second ray. Distal margin of dorsal fin nearly straight to somewhat convex. Dorsal fin origin slightly behind middle of SL. Origin of adipose fin at vertical through second or third last anal-fin rays. Anal-fin rays iii(20) or iv(16), 22(11), 23*(16), or 24(8). Anal fin origin posterior to vertical through base of last dorsal-fin ray. Pectoral-fin rays i,11(2), 12(14), 13*(14), or 14(6). Pectoral-fin tip not reaching pelvic-fin insertion. Pelvic-fin rays i,7*(36). Pelvic fin origin slightly anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Caudal fin forked, lobes similar in size, i,17,i*(34) principal rays. Dorsal procurrent rays 11(1), 12(1), or 13(1) and ventral procurrent rays 10(2) or 11(1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFDFFE405B0AE41F8F2B7FD" blockId="2.[151,1436,1398,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="494">Lateral line complete with 37(13), 38*(18), or 39(5) scales. Scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 6(6) or 7*(30); scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin 5*(31) or 6(5). Predorsal scales 11(9), 12*(21) or 13(4) arranged in regular series. Scale rows around caudal peduncle 14(9), 15(11), or 16*(15). Scale sheath along anal fin base 8-15 scales (32), in single series, covering base of anteriormost rays. Axillary scale, longer than wide, relatively folded in half, and extending over 1-2 longitudinal scale series.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2488D9FFFCFFE505E0AC3BF976B56B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230066/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="495" targetBox="[151,1436,178,1267]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFCFFE505E0AC3BF976B56B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1328,1381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFCFFE505E0AC3BFD73B54B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1328,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFCFFE5046BAC3AFD96B548" box="[284,497,1328,1350]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="495" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFCFFE5046BAC3AFD96B548" box="[284,497,1328,1350]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MCN 19858, 90.0 mm SL, holotype, arroio Encantado, rio Maquiné basin, rio Tramandaí system, municipality of Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A) Specimen just after fixation; B) in alcohol.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFCFFE505B0AC9AFC9FB5FC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1425,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">Precaudal vertebrae 15(1), 16(1), or 17(1); caudal vertebrae 20(2) or 21(1); total vertebrae 36(2) or 37(1). Supraneurals 5(3). Gill-rakers upper branch 6(8) or 7(6); lower branch 11(8) or 12(6); total number 17(3), 18(10), or 19(1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFCFFE505B0ACF6FF35B754" blockId="3.[151,1437,1425,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFCFFE505B0ACF6FDF5B618" bold="true" box="[199,402,1533,1558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Dorsal and dorsolateral portions of head and body dark brown. Infraorbital and opercular areas covered with scattered, dark chromatophores. Scales on lateral body with dark brown chromatophores. Midlateral stripe very faint. Caudal spot black, triangular or irregular in shape, extending to tip of middle caudal-fin rays. Two humeral spots. Anterior one, conspicuous, vertically elongate with upper portion wider, located over third to fifth vertical series of scales, extending over 2 to 3 horizontal series of scales above lateral line; lower portion of spot narrow (1 to 2 scales pigmented), extending over 1 to 2 horizontal series of scales below lateral line. Second humeral spot large, occasionally faint, not surpassing lateral line ventrally, extending over 3 horizontal series and 2 to 3 vertical series of scales above lateral line. Scattered dark chromatophores on dorsal, adipose, caudal and anal fins. Pectoral and pelvic with few dark chromatophores. Dark pigmentation on middle caudal-fin rays and along median-distal portion of anal-fin rays (
<figureCitation id="1360C4D4FFFCFFE50784AE4AFF55B754" box="[755,818,1857,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1267]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,177,1307]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astyanax douradilho, MCN 19858, 90.0 mm SL, holotype, arroio Encantado, rio Maquiné basin, rio Tramandaí system, municipality of Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A) Specimen just after fixation; B) in alcohol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230066/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFCFFE505B0AE6EF912B7E4" blockId="3.[151,1437,1425,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFCFFE505B0AE6EFD38B770" bold="true" box="[199,351,1893,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">Color in life.</emphasis>
Color pattern similar to that described for alcohol preserved specimens. Overall and head color pattern yellowish, slightly brown. Dorsolateral portion of body dark gray. Scales on lateral body silvery. Dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins with anterior portion yellowish and posterior reddish. Anal fin reddish colored at distal half of first rays. Caudal fin almost completely reddish, except middle portion. Adipose fin yellowish (
<figureCitation id="1360C4D4FFFCFFE50062AEDAF933B7E4" box="[1301,1364,2001,2026]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1267]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,177,1307]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astyanax douradilho, MCN 19858, 90.0 mm SL, holotype, arroio Encantado, rio Maquiné basin, rio Tramandaí system, municipality of Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A) Specimen just after fixation; B) in alcohol." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230066/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="495">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
b).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2488D9FFFBFFE205E0AE5FFD79B787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230067/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" targetBox="[199,1387,238,1834]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFBFFE205E0AE5FFD79B787" blockId="4.[151,1436,1876,1929]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFBFFE205E0AE5FFD75B767" bold="true" box="[151,274,1876,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFBFFE2046EAE5EFD8AB764" box="[281,493,1876,1898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFBFFE2046EAE5EFD8AB764" box="[281,493,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MCP 25700, 54.0 mm SL, paratype. Upper and lower jaw teeth, left side, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFAFFE305B0A99CFD3FB186" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFAFFE305B0A99CFDDEB0BE" bold="true" box="[199,441,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Males with small bony hooks on dorsal-, pectoral-, pelvic- and anal-fin rays (rarely in caudal-fin). One paired bony hook per lepidotrichia in the last unbranched anal-fin ray and first to thirteenth branched anal-fin rays on median and distal portions of the rays. One paired bony hook per lepidotrichia on second to fifth branched pelvic-fin rays. Small bony hooks on distal one-third of anteriormost branched dorsal- and pectoral-fin rays, and on distal portion of middle caudal-fin rays. No other apparent sexually dimorphic features were found in the specimens examined. Gill glands (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAA5A0FFFAFFE30791A847F867B16B" author="Burns" box="[742,1024,332,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" refString="Burns, J. R. &amp; Weitzman, S. H. (1996) Novel Gill-derived gland in the male swordtail characin, Corynopoma riisei (Teleostei: Characidae: Glandulocaudinae). Copeia, 1996, 627 - 633." type="journal article" year="1996">Burns &amp; Weitzman 1996</bibRefCitation>
) were not found macroscopically on the first gill arch.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3418BDAFFFAFFE305B0A89FFF39B1DE" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFAFFE305B0A89FFF39B1DE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFAFFE305B0A89FFD07B1A3" bold="true" box="[199,352,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFAFFE3041BA89FFE3AB1A2" box="[364,605,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFAFFE3041BA89FFE3AB1A2" box="[364,605,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from tributaries of the rio Maquiné, rio Tramandaí system, coastal drainage of Rio Grande do Sul, southern
<collectingCountry id="F34C98C1FFFAFFE307CFA8BCFE9BB1DE" box="[696,764,439,464]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1360C4D4FFFAFFE3067BA8BCFF37B1DE" box="[780,848,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1652,1674]" captionTargetBox="[162,1420,822,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,807,1630]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of southern Brazil showing the distribution of the examined material of Astyanax douradilho. Some symbols represent more than one lot or locality. T = type locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3418BDAFFFAFFE305B0A8D7F9F7B2FE" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFAFFE305B0A8D7F8A4B216" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFAFFE305B0A8D7FD29B1FB" bold="true" box="[199,334,476,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFAFFE30422A8D7FDB3B1FB" box="[341,468,476,501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="499" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">Douradilho</taxonomicName>
is a regional name for the horse color pattern consisting of a reddish brown or golden yellow. The name is an allusion to the color of the fins in live specimens. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE4D851FFFAFFE305B0AB2FF9F7B2FE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFAFFE305B0AB2FFDE8B233" bold="true" box="[199,399,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5BA3D2FFFAFFE304EFAB2FFEE3B232" box="[408,644,548,572]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douradilho">
<emphasis id="B92F0443FFFAFFE304EFAB2FFEE3B232" box="[408,644,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Astyanax douradilho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected in relatively small, clear water streams until
<quantity id="4CA375B4FFFAFFE3005CAB2FF93FB232" box="[1323,1368,548,572]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
deep, with stones and rocks on bottom, and moderate riparian vegetation. The collection localities are around
<quantity id="4CA375B4FFFAFFE30025AB43F9FAB251" box="[1362,1437,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
above sea level. In the Encantado (
<figureCitation id="1360C4D4FFFAFFE30741AB67FE19B28A" box="[566,638,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1178,1200]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1157]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Type locality of Astyanax douradilho, arroio Encantado, rio Tramandaí system, municipality of Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230069/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) and Lageado streams, the
<collectingCountry id="F34C98C1FFFAFFE306B2AB66FF80B28A" box="[965,999,621,644]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">pH</collectingCountry>
ranged from 6.5 to 6.8, conductivity between 31.7 to 39.5 µs/cm, and oxygen level between 5.0 to
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/l. Based on examination of several lots in fish collection, the species seems to be found only in mainstream of small rivers draining from Serra Geral formation, and was not found in the other subregion basin formed by lagoons of the Coastal Plain (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAA5A0FFFAFFE3011AABDCF9E3B2FE" author="Malabarba" box="[1133,1412,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" refString="Malabarba, L. R. &amp; Isaia, E. A. (1992) The fresh water fish fauna of the rio Tramandai drainage, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with a discussion of its historical origin. Comunicacoes do Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Serie Zoologia, 5, 197 - 223." type="journal article" year="1992">Malabarba &amp; Isaia 1992</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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