178 lines
24 KiB
XML
178 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="C1D9D454293636F88D51936270D352F5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.188004" ID-GBIF-Dataset="27bc0f90-3d65-4328-bd6c-af9f9dd77859" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="188004" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461078817686" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huemer, Peter & Hausmann, Axel" docDate="2009" docId="03B8BF4B3E12FFF1C6F566B1FC30F9D8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02117p030.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2117" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sciadia tenebraria" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FF81C7333E11FFF5C662676DFFF1FFDF" masterDocTitle="A new expanded revision of the European high mountain Sciadia tenebraria species group (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698587239327" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="85230D42AABDBC9BBD89BC1CF4B3080D">A new expanded revision of the European high mountain Sciadia tenebraria species group (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C2214B1B6743D74630374650464C036A">Huemer, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CCAE329E0240EC68F59857AE6609EE28">Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2D4E58B3B163A6FEFA34AD7599595CB5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DBCEA5877E82C078CE3321D6024C94DD">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B8BF4B3E12FFF1C6F566B1FC30F9D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5624195" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119618210" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5624195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8BF4B3E12FFF1C6F566B1FC30F9D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B8BF4B3E12FFF1C6F566B1FC30F9D8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="C30B5DD63E12FFF6C6F566B1FDD5FE2A" box="[151,548,475,502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6F566B1FDD5FE2A" bold="true" box="[151,548,475,502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C6F566B1FE84FE29" ID-CoL="4VGXJ" box="[151,373,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebraria">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6F566B1FE84FE29" bold="true" box="[151,373,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sciadia tenebraria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30B5DD63E12FFF6C6F56548FEF6FCF8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BAE0E5D3E12FFF6C6F56548FEF6FCF8" blockId="3.[151,1437,549,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6F56548FEE6FDE0" bold="true" box="[151,279,549,575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C77C6548FE0BFDE1" box="[286,506,549,574]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebraria">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C77C6548FE0BFDE1" box="[286,506,549,574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sciadia tenebraria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and related taxa are easily recognized and separated from species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C6F56521FF1DFDBA" box="[151,236,588,613]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Psodos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6F56521FF1DFDBA" box="[151,236,588,613]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Psodos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, for example, by the large wingspan, pectinate antennae of the male, and the usually developed light fasciae on the underside of the wings. Closely related species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C5CC651FFBE0FD54" box="[942,1041,626,651]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Elophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C5CC651FFBE0FD54" box="[942,1041,626,651]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Elophos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are light-coloured and head and labial palpi are less hairy. The female genitalia of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C54465F4FC35FD6D" box="[806,964,665,690]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebraria">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C54465F4FC35FD6D" box="[806,964,665,690]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. tenebraria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group differ from those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C37065F4FA98FD6D" box="[1298,1385,665,690]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Psodos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C37065F4FA98FD6D" box="[1298,1385,665,690]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Psodos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C6F565ADFF0BFD06" box="[151,250,704,729]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Elophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6F565ADFF0BFD06" box="[151,250,704,729]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Elophos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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particularly by the prominent antrum, but comparative morphological studies are largely missing. Both genitalia characters and external appearance show some individual and somewhat clinal geographical variation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30B5DD63E12FFF1C6A7645EFDBAFDEB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAE0E5D3E12FFF6C6A7645EFE3AF857" blockId="3.[151,1437,549,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6A7645EFEACFC92" bold="true" box="[197,349,819,845]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</emphasis>
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Adult (
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<figureCitation id="132A12D83E12FFF6C7D56459FDF2FC91" box="[439,515,820,846]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[236,1351,226,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[236,1351,194,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Adults of the Sciadia tenebraria species group. 1 – 4, S. tenebraria tenebraria (Esper), ♂; 5 – 8, ditto, Ψ; (left upper side, right underside)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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–32). Head and labial palpi remarkably hairy; head, thorax, tegulae, abdomen, legs and antennae dark brown to greyish-brown, rarely lighter; antennae pectinate (ɗ), or filiform (Ψ). Wingspan ɗ
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<quantity id="4CE9A3B83E12FFF6C74D64ECFE40FC44" box="[303,433,897,923]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="22.0">22–31 mm</quantity>
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, Ψ
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<quantity id="4CE9A3B83E12FFF6C7B564ECFDA9FC44" box="[471,600,897,923]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="22.0">22–29 mm</quantity>
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; apex of forewing pointed in ɗ, rounded or rarely pointed in Ψ; ground colour of wings dark brown to shiny greyish-brown, fringes normally concolorous with ground colour. Forewing upper side with broad and comparatively dark medial fascia, widened towards costa, edged by darker and serrated, usually light edged postmedial and antemedial lines, postmedial line inwardly angled towards costa; subterminal fascia of underside sometimes showing through; discal spot usually well developed, dark brown with light centre, rarely reduced. Hindwing upper side with medial area edged by serrated and usually pale postmedial line; subterminal fascia of underside sometimes showing through; discal spot small, frequently much reduced. Forewing underside without gloss; subterminal transverse fascia whitish to yellowish, ranging from narrow and contrasting line to ill-defined broader fascia, or almost obsolete, moderately to strongly curved inwards at costa; proximal and costal area frequently mottled with whitishyellow scales, particularly in Ψ; costa without or more rarely with whitish-yellow patch. Hindwing underside without gloss; subterminal transverse fascia whitish to yellowish, ranging from narrow and contrasting line to ill-defined broader fascia, rarely obsolete; proximal area occasionally weakly mottled with light scales. Male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="132A12D83E12FFF6C7696215FE6AFA4D" box="[267,411,1400,1426]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 33 – 36" captionStart-1="FIGURES 37 – 40" captionStartId-0="14.[151,269,1929,1953]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,269,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1422,198,1868]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1430,185,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[151,1436,166,1905]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[151,1436,184,1923]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURES 33 – 36. Male genitalia of the Sciadia tenebraria species group. 33, S. tenebraria tenebraria (Esper), slide G 1419; 34, ditto, slide G 1418; 35, S. tenebraria wockearia (Staudinger), slide G 1420; 36, S. tenebraria taurusica ssp. nov., paratype, slide G 1455." captionText-1="FIGURES 37 – 40. Male genitalia of the Sciadia tenebraria species group. 37, S. septaria (Guenée), slide G 1442; 38, S. innuptaria (Herrich-Schäffer), slide G 1413; 39, S. slovenica Leraut, slide G 1414; 40, S. dolomitica sp. nov., holotype, slide G 1415." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/188008/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/188009/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 33–40</figureCitation>
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). Uncus subtriangular, apically slightly rounded; gnathos reduced, small lateral sclerites present; tegumen well developed, smooth, anterior part with short to rather prominent and stout saccus; valva broad at base, distal part narrow, costa strongly sclerotized with few strong setae and occasionally with small hump; juxta with pair of moderately to extremely long and digitate ventral lobes and short horn-shaped dorsal lobes; distal part of phallus with pointed sclerotized wall laterally, vesica armed with number of slender and spine-like cornuti grouped together and with or without an additional cornutus ranging from small dentate plate to large horn-shaped spine. Female genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="132A12D83E12FFF6C56A610DFC6AF9A5" box="[776,923,1632,1658]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 41 – 44" captionStart-1="FIGURES 45 – 48" captionStartId-0="16.[151,269,1917,1941]" captionStartId-1="17.[151,269,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox-0="[320,1418,204,1826]" captionTargetBox-1="[353,1408,212,1802]" captionTargetId-0="figure@16.[151,1436,154,1893]" captionTargetId-1="figure@17.[151,1436,134,1873]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionText-0="FIGURES 41 – 44. Female genitalia of the Sciadia tenebraria species group. 41, S. tenebraria tenebraria (Esper), slide G 1439; 42, ditto, slide G 1445; 43, S. tenebraria wockearia (Staudinger), slide G 1431; 44, S. tenebraria taurusica ssp. nov., paratype, slide G 1452." captionText-1="FIGURES 45 – 48. Female genitalia of the Sciadia tenebraria species group. 45, S. septaria (Guenée), slide G 1451; 46, S. innuptaria (Herrich-Schäffer), slide G 1436; 47, S. slovenica Leraut, slide G 1428; 48, S. dolomitica sp. nov., paratype, slide G 1434." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/188010/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/188011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 41–48</figureCitation>
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). Papillae anales broadly rounded, densely covered with setae; apophyses posteriores moderately long and thin; apophyses anteriores shorter; seventh sternite weakly sclerotized, anteriodorsal margin straight; antrum heavily sclerotized ventrally and broadly funnel-shaped, smooth, with posterior margin emarginated ventromedially, with or without specialized lateral sclerotization; corpus bursae subovate, membranous and distinctly wrinkled to heavily sclerotized and largely wrinkle-free posterior part, corpus bursae frequently recurved posteriorly and overlapping anterior part of antrum; ductus seminalis inserted posterioventrally on corpus bursae; spiny signum in anterior part of corpus bursae present or reduced.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE0E5D3E12FFF1C6A760F8FDBAFDEB" blockId="3.[151,1437,549,2006]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,719]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C6A760F8FEDFF870" bold="true" box="[197,302,1941,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ecology.</emphasis>
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Species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E12FFF6C78360F8FD8BF871" box="[481,634,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebraria">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E12FFF6C78360F8FD8BF871" box="[481,634,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. tenebraria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group are restricted to rocky habitats and alpine scree above the timber-line with sparse vegetation, both on calcareous and siliceous soil. However, limestone habitats are exclusive for species such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C79A67F5FD76FF6E" box="[504,647,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slovenica">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C79A67F5FD76FF6E" box="[504,647,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. slovenica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C4A167F5FC91FF6E" box="[707,864,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dolomitica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C4A167F5FC91FF6E" box="[707,864,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. dolomitica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C50B67FAFC38FF6E" bold="true" box="[873,969,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2566F343E15FFF1C50B67FAFC38FF6E" box="[873,969,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Rarely adults are found in open alpine grassland. The occurrence normally ranges from about
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<quantity id="4CE9A3B83E15FFF1C55967D3FC66FF07" box="[827,919,190,216]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
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to
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<quantity id="4CE9A3B83E15FFF1C5A267D3FBEEFF07" box="[960,1055,190,216]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
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, only exceptionally at lower or higher altitudes. Towards the northern part of the range the habitats are at lower altitudes than in the south. All taxa are diurnal, flying exclusively in sunshine. The flight of the males is hasty, whereas the slightly shorterwinged females only fly short distances. Frequently adults can be observed feeding on cushion plants, especially
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C77A6634FE30FEAD" box="[280,449,345,370]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
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<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C77A6634FE30FEAD" box="[280,449,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Silene acaulis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. (
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C7966634FD37FEAC" box="[500,710,345,371]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caryophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
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). The flight period lasts from early July to early September. According to
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8073AC3E15FFF1C75966EDFD3BFE45" author="Vorbrodt" box="[315,714,384,410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="30" refString="Vorbrodt, K. & Muller-Rutz, J. (1914) Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz. II. Band. K. J. Wyss, Bern, 728 pp." type="book" year="1914">Vorbrodt and Müller-Rutz (1914)</bibRefCitation>
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and other authors the larva lives under stones from where it feeds on a variety of herbs such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C45C66CAFCF7FE1F" box="[574,774,423,448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caesia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C45C66CAFCF7FE1F" box="[574,774,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Saxifraga caesia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C55A66CBFC17FE1F" box="[824,998,422,448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Saxifragaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C59866CAFB41FE1F" box="[1018,1200,423,448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C59866CAFB41FE1F" box="[1018,1200,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. oppositifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C28066CBFA61FE1F" box="[1250,1424,422,448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Saxifragaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C6F566A0FEB3FE39" box="[151,322,461,486]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C6F566A0FEB3FE39" box="[151,322,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Silene acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C71C66A0FDA3FE38" box="[382,594,461,487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caryophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C40566A0FC98FE39" box="[615,873,461,486]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glacialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C40566A0FC98FE39" box="[615,873,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ranunculus glacialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C5FF66A0FBADFE38" box="[925,1116,461,487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and also on cryptogams. Probably the larval period lasts over at least two seasons. However, all these data need verification according to our revised taxonomic conception.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B5DD63E15FFF1C6A7652DFC30F9D8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE0E5D3E15FFF1C6A7652DFDEEFD10" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C6A7652DFE93FD85" bold="true" box="[197,354,576,602]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(Maps 1–2). Restricted to European mountain systems: Alps, Pyrenees, and the southern Dinaric Alps. Records from the Apennines are erroneous (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8073AC3E15FFF1C5EA6505FB02FD5D" author="Parenzan" box="[904,1267,616,642]" pageId="4" pageNumber="30" refString="Parenzan, P. & Porcelli F. (2006) I Macrolepidotteri Italiani. Fauna Lepidopterorum Italiae (Macrolepidoptera). Phytophaga, 15, 5 - 391." type="journal article" year="2006">Parenzan and Porcelli 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The area of distribution of most of the species does not overlap, but in the eastern Alps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C24565E2FB32FD77" box="[1063,1219,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C24565E2FB32FD77" box="[1063,1219,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. tenebraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C29D65E2FA6DFD77" box="[1279,1436,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="innuptaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C29D65E2FA6DFD77" box="[1279,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. innuptaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occasionally occur sympatrically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE0E5D3E15FFF1C6F5629DFC30F9D8" blockId="4.[151,961,1520,1544]" box="[151,961,1520,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C6F5629DFF1FF9D7" bold="true" box="[151,238,1520,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MAP 1.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1175DE3E15FFF1C789629CFD43F9D7" box="[491,690,1521,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sciadia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965D24F3E15FFF1C789629CFD43F9D7" box="[491,690,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sciadia tenebraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group in Europe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |