2694 lines
307 KiB
XML
2694 lines
307 KiB
XML
<document id="696640D69898BEE02E9F45E9C3E83C8B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3620.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3afd8134-b8ea-416e-8b86-d35505bdf89c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="219997" ID-ZooBank="7B363037-12FA-4C2E-A219-0040FA12BCC6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460579771905" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lee, Mao-Ying, Munroe, Thomas A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao" docDate="2013" docId="03B887E3FFBCE567A8AAFE608FA85168" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03620p403.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3620 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Symphurus orientalis Bleeker 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="399" masterDocId="FF81FF9BFFB8E573A83DF9528C6E553F" masterDocTitle="Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker) redefined based on morphological and molecular characters (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae)" masterLastPageNumber="403" masterPageNumber="379" pageNumber="383" updateTime="1698324079816" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="5611D841F06F45C6A90C18906A3B3263" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="61E851D6BF4793B0F5C834ACCD9437BC">
|
||
<mods:title id="B823B8384F4E6F467DA8F43D6BDD1C26">Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker) redefined based on morphological and molecular characters (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="132A0D1A1787E7B7E42CB04131A7C2EA" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1F3866F37B7B073FA88201AB71884690">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E6F220C7B2EAB949E94CBAEF537A55BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1AC8CF7D4B27A22B2470CF843536DB73">Lee, Mao-Ying</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="24FAD2A2F898CF94E8794A4A6E9EE9E7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="9D587EAB11F32B18E231E015846EC586">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="391CCEFCDA32A2748E7E5FBE12D85BDC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C4744656B1610B741DB13D7AA0BA6858">Munroe, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0C9B246F5FA5E395C2C7BB611B900746" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E28D5FD3F1402DC8BE56BD57F3587D69">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="87C7E3590566DAFDF21B2ACEACFF8909">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E79866BA050C5C50AF6ADD0F491BA768">Shao, Kwang-Tsao</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F8E9DA27723337FCBFF07CFD0C0457F0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="8591C4E56338BC7D5D915F840B838C8D" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="5D90275049353779EB4A642565BB2501">
|
||
<mods:title id="ADCC68BC537B6857C65B15572C038927">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="CB289A291DA940AA7436CEA0DBBE3475">
|
||
<mods:date id="4415DEBED90366C4C6E178AEB6854B38">2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="73EB1B6FCCE859294ED47FCE6A1F204C" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="24AF2756DDA683B0967E057E401AE84C">3620</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="0521969AC3FA117930F9F2077C10B591" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="DA1DE1EDC304C9239A997757A6DD3E63">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="5BBB1CF6F586CADD4760CA86444BDD3B" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="9FC0A642BE9A9A2F008055B9D812B105">379</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="CC393B7B854D77A6DF74685E2E1EC1AF">403</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="8E55A509A5CBB0C5CA5E77E49174937E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7AEDBC696E0136D552AB5771FC3AA1F0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3620.3.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0F34E8C80EDF7F783C3C693852B3D134" type="GBIF-Dataset">3afd8134-b8ea-416e-8b86-d35505bdf89c</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="818B4DB4A6A86C2DC077B06F6A2B0368" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F373D000EBF5B813D61FD70EF430A52F" type="Zenodo-Dep">219997</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DF12C51F8C5F35A163C7AECF658B335D" type="ZooBank">7B363037-12FA-4C2E-A219-0040FA12BCC6</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03B887E3FFBCE567A8AAFE608FA85168" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5624215" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119560947" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5624215" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E3FFBCE567A8AAFE608FA85168" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887E3FFBCE567A8AAFE608FA85168" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFBCE577A8AAFE608818528C" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBCE577A8AAFE608E355273" blockId="4.[151,603,1842,1901]" box="[151,603,1842,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<heading id="D0E68199FFBCE577A8AAFE608E355273" bold="true" box="[151,603,1842,1868]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBCE577A8AAFE608E355273" ID-CoL="53PT6" authority="Bleeker, 1879" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,603,1842,1868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBCE577A8AAFE608E355273" bold="true" box="[151,603,1842,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBCE577A8AAFE608DF45273" bold="true" box="[151,410,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker, 1879)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBCE577A8AAFE078DFD5252" blockId="4.[151,603,1842,1901]" box="[151,403,1877,1901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFBCE577A89DFE078D6A5252" box="[160,260,1877,1901]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2. A" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1371,1394]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1943,1966]" captionStartId-2="15.[151,250,1855,1878]" captionStartId-3="16.[151,250,1835,1858]" captionStartId-4="17.[151,250,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox-0="[150,1433,240,1346]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1331,225,1894]" captionTargetBox-2="[195,1404,247,1777]" captionTargetBox-3="[167,1405,219,1802]" captionTargetBox-4="[167,1432,219,1808]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[149,1434,221,1349]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[203,1371,193,1919]" captionTargetId-2="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1818]" captionTargetId-3="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetId-4="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="16" captionTargetPageId-4="17" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker, 1879), ASIZP 72344, female, 77.0 mm SL, off northeast Taiwan. A. Ocular-side pigmentation of freshly-caught specimen. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. A. Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen and Lin, 1984, holotype, NTUM 0 4586, female, 79.9 mm SL, off Dong-Gang, southwest Taiwan. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen. C. Symphurus orientalis, Neotype, BSKU 44238, female, 91.0 mm SL, collected off Kochi, Japan. D. Blind-side coloration of Neotype." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Symphurus orientalis based on specimens examined in this study (indicated by triangles) and reliable literature reports (indicated by stars). Questionable localities in the literature where S. orientalis has been reported to occur are indicated by a question mark (?). Symbols may represent more than one locality and / or more than a single collection from each locality." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Neighbor-joining tree (part) from partial 16 S rRNA gene sequence of species of Symphurus. Numbers above nodes indicate bootstrap values for 10000 replications." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Neighbor-joining tree (part) from partial COI gene sequence of species of Symphurus. Numbers above nodes indicate bootstrap value for 10000 replications." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/219998/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/219999/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/220000/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/220001/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/220002/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Figs.1–5</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C693034EFFBCE577A92DFE078DE45252" box="[272,394,1877,1901]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="9.[151,235,709,730]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,235,872,893]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1412,794,1796]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,1031,2006]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Frequency of meristic characters of Symphurus orientalis. Counts for the neotype (BSKU 44238) indicated by an asterisk (*); those of the holotype of S. novemfasciatus (NTUM 04564) indicated by a solid star ()." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Morphometrics for the neotype (BSKU 44238) and examined specimens of Symphurus orientalis, including those for the holotype of S. novemfasciatus (NTUM 04564). SL in mm; characters 2 – 15 in % of SL; 16 – 23 in % of HL." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" tableUuid-0="DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" tableUuid-1="DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBCE577A8AAFECF8818528C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1949,2033]" box="[151,1142,1949,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBCE577A8AAFECF8E4B528C" authority="Bleeker, 1879: 31" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityPageNumber="31" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,549,1949,1971]" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Aphoristia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBCE577A8AAFECF8D07528C" box="[151,361,1949,1971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Aphoristia orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
Bleeker, 1879: 31
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBCE577AA85FECC8E98528C" box="[696,758,1950,1971]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; description, illustration of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFBCE577AC30FECF8804528C" box="[1037,1130,1949,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFBCE57AA8AAFEEE885355C8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBCE576A8AAFEEE89F350A8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1949,2033]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2014]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBCE577A8AAFEEE8D1C52ED" box="[151,370,1980,2002]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBCE577A8AAFEEE8D1C52ED" box="[151,370,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBCE577A9B2FEE98DBA52EE" box="[399,468,1979,2001]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Snyder 1901: 122 (listed; questionable occurrence,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBCE577AC1CFEEF883152ED" box="[1057,1119,1981,2002]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBCE577AC4FFEE988DB52EE" box="[1138,1205,1979,2001]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Starks 1906: 243 (synonymy; description based on Bleeker (1879); doubted validity of species; transfer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBCE577AC78FE8888DB52CF" box="[1093,1205,2010,2032]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBCE577AC78FE8888DB52CF" box="[1093,1205,2010,2032]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; coasts of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBCE577AD1CFE89893352CF" box="[1313,1373,2011,2032]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, north of Vladivostok, based on Schmidt (1904)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AA9CF9CA8E8A5591" box="[673,740,152,174]" name="Jordan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AACCF9CB8F4C5591" box="[753,802,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1913: 335 (listed in catalogue; both coasts of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AD0EF9CB89015591" box="[1331,1391,153,174]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off Vladivostok, based on Schmidt (1904)). Hubbs 1915: 496 (brief description; one specimen, Suruga Gulf,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AD25F9E5893855F3" box="[1304,1366,183,204]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Mori 1928: 8 (listed,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A94EF9848DDB55D4" box="[371,437,214,235]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Chu 1931: 94 (listed,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AA84F9878E9455D4" box="[697,762,213,235]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Wu 1932: 162 (synonymy; listed,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC43F98788D455D4" box="[1150,1210,213,235]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AC87F98688AC55D4" bold="true" box="[1210,1218,212,235]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">)</emphasis>
|
||
.?Fowler 1934: 223
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8FAF9A18CA15435" bold="true" box="[199,207,243,266]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">(</emphasis>
|
||
synonymy; redescription; Chihli, Peking,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AA41F9A18ED65436" box="[636,696,243,265]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAD0F9A78F445435" box="[749,810,245,266]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; figure
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB4CF9A18F175435" bold="true" box="[881,889,243,266]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">)</emphasis>
|
||
. Mori and Uchida 1934: 33 (listed;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ACCCF9A7895D5435" box="[1265,1331,245,266]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Taranetz 1937: 148 (in key). Okada 1938: 270 (listed; Honshu,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAD5F8418F4A5417" box="[744,804,275,296]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB10F8418F035417" box="[813,877,275,296]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Vladivostok). Okada and Matsubara 1938: 439 (in part; brief morphological information for key; counts; off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB1AF8608F0D5478" box="[807,867,306,327]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Pusan and Vladivostok
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AC62F86388095477" bold="true" box="[1119,1127,305,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">)</emphasis>
|
||
. Chabanaud 1939: 27 (listed, world catalogue of flatfishes). Mori 1952:183 (listed, Pusan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB16F8038F035459" box="[811,877,337,358]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Matsubara 1955: 1287 (in part) (brief data on meristic and morphometric features; Suruga Bay, Owase,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAF7F83C8F6454BB" box="[714,778,366,388]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB2AF83D8F3E54BB" box="[791,848,367,388]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Pusan). Kamohara 1958: 64 (listed; Suruga Bay to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A8FAF8DF8D6A549C" box="[199,260,397,419]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
Prefecture,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A9BEF8DC8DAE549C" box="[387,448,398,419]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A9C4F8DC8E55549C" box="[505,571,398,419]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Ochiai 1959: 217 (in part) (redescription based on composite series of specimens; meristic and morphometric data following Matsubara (1955); figure;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBDE576ABADF8FE8FBA54FD" box="[912,980,428,450]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ABDCF8F9887354FE" box="[993,1053,427,449]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea, Yellow Sea, and Pacific side of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A91BF8998D0A54DF" box="[294,356,459,480]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Chyung 1961: 657 (in part) (redescription based on Ochiai (1959);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC0BF899881654DF" box="[1078,1144,459,480]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Ochiai 1963: 102 (in part) (English edition of Ochiai (1959)). Chen and Weng 1965: 102 (in part? likely more than one species included in account; Tungkong,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A901FB5A8DE75721" box="[316,393,520,542]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; brief redescription). Chen 1969: 225, 226 (in part?) (brief description for identification key; follows Chen and Weng (1965); figure; Dong-Gang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAA5FB748E885703" box="[664,742,550,572]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Chyung 1977: 582 (listed; Pusan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC66FB7588F35703" box="[1115,1181,551,572]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
).?Son 1980 (listed; east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A920FB148D335764" box="[285,349,582,603]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, cited from Kim and Choi (1994)). Yasuda
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB25FB148F225764" box="[792,844,581,603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1981: 19, 569 (local name in several languages). Amaoka 1982: 302–3, 408 (redescription based on one specimen; color photograph; Tosa Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC7FFB3788EE5745" box="[1090,1152,613,634]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).?Shen 1983: 107 (in part) (brief redescription possibly based on composite series of specimens;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB9EFBD08F9F57A7" box="[931,1009,642,664]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Shen 1984: 581 (in part) (redescription based on composite series of specimens; figure; in key;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB1FFBF38F1E5788" box="[802,880,673,695]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Ochiai 1984: 356 (in part) (redescription based on composite series of specimens following that of Ochiai (1959); figure;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ABABFB938FBC57E9" box="[918,978,705,726]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Suruga Bay to Yellow Sea, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AD1BFB92890C57E9" box="[1318,1378,704,726]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Chen and Yu 1986: 830 (in part) (listed; brief description for key;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB58FB8C8FDD57CB" box="[869,947,734,756]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Shen 1986: 264 (Chinese, Japanese names). Li 1987: 513 (listed; figure; eastern Yellow Sea to northern South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB4AFBAF8FDD562C" box="[887,947,765,787]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Ochiai 1987: 931 (in part) (description following Ochiai (1959); color figure; Suruga Bay, Yellow Sea, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ABA1FA498FB6560E" box="[924,984,795,817]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Ochiai 1988: 342 (in part) (Japanese version of Ochiai (1984)). Ochiai 1989: 222 (in part) (description following Ochiai (1959); color figure; Suruga Bay, Yellow Sea, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A944FA0B8DDB5650" box="[377,437,857,879]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Munroe 1992: 374, 379 (ID pattern; meristic information). Lindberg and Federov 1993: 207 (mentioned in footnote;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A9FFFA2B8D9556B1" box="[450,507,889,910]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
side, sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AABEFA2B8EAF56B1" box="[643,705,889,910]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Shen 1993: 581 (in part) (redescription based on composite series of specimens; black and white photo not this species;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAE2FAC48F435693" box="[735,813,918,940]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Wang 1993: 115 (listed, South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ACBBFAC488AC5693" box="[1158,1218,918,940]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Kim and Choi 1994:810 (no specimens; description based on composite series of specimens following Ochiai (1959);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ACCEFAE4895E56F4" box="[1267,1328,950,971]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(based on Son 1980)). Li and Wang 1995:380 (no specimens; redescription based on composite series of specimens following Ochiai (1959); illustrations; in key;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A9D0FAA08E405137" box="[493,558,1010,1032]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Sakamoto 1997:684 (in part; more than one species included in brief account; color photo is not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A971FD408DA65118" box="[332,456,1041,1063]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A971FD408DA65118" box="[332,456,1041,1063]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBDE576A9EAFD408E215118" box="[471,591,1042,1063]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" unit="m" value="300.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="200.0">200–400 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AA61FD408EF65118" box="[604,664,1042,1063]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAE4FD438F7B5118" box="[729,789,1041,1063]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea, Yellow Sea). Munroe and Amaoka 1998: 389 (discussed confusion surrounding species concept; distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576AB23FD638FC75179" box="[798,937,1072,1094]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hondoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB23FD638FC75179" box="[798,937,1072,1094]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. hondoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB8BFD638F9A5179" box="[950,1012,1073,1094]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Eschmeyer 1998: 1248, 2436 (literature; listed as valid species). Evseenko 1998: 61 (vertebral count; depth of occurrence; phylogenetic information of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A8FAFD3F8DEA51BC" box="[199,388,1133,1155]" class="Actinopterygii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleuronectiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Schwarzhans 1999:366 (description and illustration of otoliths;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC1EFD3C880F51BC" box="[1059,1121,1134,1155]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Yamada 2000: 1392 (in part) (brief redescription based on composite series of specimens following Ochiai (1959); in key; illustration;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBDE576AD22FDDE89F9519D" box="[1311,1431,1164,1186]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" unit="m" value="300.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="200.0">200–400 m</quantity>
|
||
; Pacific coast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A96EFDF98DE151FF" box="[339,399,1195,1216]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A9ECFDF88E6351FF" box="[465,525,1194,1216]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea, Yellow Sea). Munroe 2000: 646 (listed, South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC0BFDF8881C51FF" box="[1078,1138,1194,1216]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Lin 2001: 458 (listed, China’s seas including northeastern Yellow Sea to north of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB49FD9B8FDE51E0" box="[884,944,1225,1247]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Munroe 2001: 3895 (listed, West Central Pacific). Shinohara
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A9A8FDBB8DAB51C1" box="[405,453,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2001: 337 (listed, Tosa Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB3AFDBB8F2B51C1" box="[775,837,1257,1278]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Yoda
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576ABAAFDBB8FA951C1" box="[919,967,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002: 29 (listed; Japanese, English names). Yamada 2002:1392 (in part) (English edition of Yamada (2000)). Youn 2002:441, 690 (in part) (brief redescription; in key;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A8FAFC748D675004" box="[199,265,1318,1339]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Kim
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A970FC748D165004" box="[333,376,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2005): 490 (in part) (brief redescription; listed,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB53FC748FC15004" box="[878,943,1318,1339]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
; photograph not of this species). Shinohara
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AD54FC7489FB5004" box="[1385,1429,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005: 443 (listed, off Ryukyu Islands,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AA74FC178EE95065" box="[585,647,1349,1370]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Liu 2008: 1057 (listed,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576ABB9FC118FAD5066" box="[900,963,1347,1369]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in eastern part of Yellow Sea and South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AD62FC1189F55066" box="[1375,1435,1347,1369]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea; off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A927FC318D365047" box="[282,344,1379,1400]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Munroe and Hashimoto 2008: 44 (comments on misidentifications; comparisons with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576ACF8FC31890C5047" box="[1221,1378,1378,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thermophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576ACF8FC31890C5047" box="[1221,1378,1378,1400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. thermophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Lee
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8FAFCD08C9D50A8" box="[199,243,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009b: 57 (compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576AA32FCD08EAD50A8" box="[527,707,1409,1431]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AA32FCD08EAD50A8" box="[527,707,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. multimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Shen and Wu 2011: 763 (brief redescription with illustration;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AD7EFCD389FF50A8" box="[1347,1425,1409,1431]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBDE576A8AAFCF28D3550EB" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A8AAFCF28DB85089" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" box="[151,470,1440,1462]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8AAFCF28D015089" box="[151,367,1440,1462]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Symphurus arientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—Minami 1988:962 (in part; meristic data follows that of Ochiai (1959); description of larval stages;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A92FFCED8D3E50EB" box="[274,336,1471,1492]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBDE576A8AAFC8F8D50532D" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A8AAFC8F8DB250CC" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" box="[151,476,1501,1523]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8AAFC8F8D1C50CC" box="[151,370,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Symphurus orientulis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—Lin 1994: 747 (listed, China’s seas including northeastern Yellow Sea to north of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A8FAFCA98D6D532E" box="[199,259,1531,1553]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBDE576A8AAFF488EF15219" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A8AAFF488EF1530F" authority="Shen and Lin, 1984: 8" authorityName="Shen and Lin" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,671,1562,1584]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8AAFF488DC2530F" box="[151,428,1562,1584]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Symphurus novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
Shen and Lin, 1984: 8
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFBDE576AA90FF488E84530F" box="[685,746,1562,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[195,1404,247,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Symphurus orientalis based on specimens examined in this study (indicated by triangles) and reliable literature reports (indicated by stars). Questionable localities in the literature where S. orientalis has been reported to occur are indicated by a question mark (?). Symbols may represent more than one locality and / or more than a single collection from each locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220000/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(based on two specimens; color photograph; Tung-Kong (=Dong- Gang),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A927FF6B8D075370" box="[282,361,1593,1615]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Shen 1984:141 (after Shen and Lin (1984); description, color figure;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC42FF6B88A35370" box="[1151,1229,1593,1615]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576ADB4FF688DA65351" authority="Alcock" authorityName="Alcock" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576ADB4FF688D375351" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Alcock))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Shen 1986: 264 (listed; Chinese name). Chen and Yu 1986: 831 (listed; brief description for key). Munroe 1992: 379 (listed in table; meristic features following those in original description). Shen 1993: 581 (description based on Shen and Lin (1984), color photograph;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB04FFC78FE65394" box="[825,904,1685,1707]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Lin 1994: 747 (listed, sandy flat, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AD7EFFC789FC5394" box="[1347,1426,1685,1707]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Li and Wang 1995: 383 (no specimens; description based on Shen and Lin (1984); black and white photo; in key). Eschmeyer 1998: 1204, 2436 (literature; listed as valid species). Munroe 2000: 646 (listed; South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC84FF80889B53D7" box="[1209,1269,1746,1768]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea). Liu 2008: 1057 (listed; off Dong-Gang, southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AABFFFA38EBF5238" box="[642,721,1777,1799]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Ho and Shao 2011:63 (listed;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFBDE576AC2FFFA088535238" box="[1042,1085,1778,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">type</typeStatus>
|
||
catalogue;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AC89FFA3896D5238" box="[1204,1283,1777,1799]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Shen and Wu 2011: 763 (brief description with color photo).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBDE576A8AAFE7D89FA52E1" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A8AAFE7D8DFD527A" box="[151,403,1838,1861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8AAFE7D8D66527A" box="[151,264,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A90FFE7D8DFD527A" box="[306,403,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not of Bleeker).—Sowerby 1930: 182 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576AB00FE7D8FC0527A" box="[829,942,1839,1861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB00FE7D8FC0527A" box="[829,942,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. listed in Schmidt (1904) likely a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576A8FAFE1F8D29525C" box="[199,327,1869,1891]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Cynoglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576A8FAFE1F8D29525C" box="[199,327,1869,1891]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Cynoglossus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Shen 1984: 141 (compared specimen identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576AB4BFE1C8841525C" authority="Gilbert" authorityName="Gilbert" box="[886,1071,1869,1891]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB4BFE1C8FB0525C" box="[886,990,1870,1891]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. strictus</emphasis>
|
||
Gilbert
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBDE576AC52FE1C8D3E52BE" authority="Chen and Weng (1965)" authorityName="Chen and Weng" authorityYear="1965" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AC52FE1C8883525C" box="[1135,1261,1869,1891]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
sensu Chen and Weng (1965)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576A966FE398DC452BE" box="[347,426,1899,1921]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).?Fourmanoir 1985: 50 (three specimens,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AB5FFE39887052BE" box="[866,1054,1899,1921]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Hashimoto
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AC9AFE3F88BB52BD" box="[1191,1237,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1988: 87 (Kaikata Caldera, west of Chichijima
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AA3CFED88E2F529F" box="[513,577,1930,1952]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands). Hashimoto
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AC3BFED98857529F" box="[1030,1081,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995: 585 (hydrothermal vents, Minami-Ensei Knoll, Mid-Okinawa Trough, Western Pacific). Ono
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB98FEF88FB75280" box="[933,985,1961,1983]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1996: 223 (hydrothermal vents, Kaikata Seamount near Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBDE576AAFBFE9B8F6A52E1" box="[710,772,1993,2014]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Fujikura
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBDE576AB4CFE9B8FF252E1" box="[881,924,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002: 24 (hydrothermal vent, Okinawa Trough).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBEE575A8AAF9CA8DB255F3" blockId="6.[151,1436,152,204]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBEE575A8AAF9CA8D1E5591" box="[151,368,152,174]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575A8AAF9CA8D1E5591" box="[151,368,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not of Bleeker). Ohashi and Motomura 2011: 115 (brief description from single specimen;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AD10F9CA89F95591" box="[1325,1431,152,174]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="m" value="85.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="70.0">70–100 m</quantity>
|
||
; Shibushi Bay, Kagoshima).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFBEE575A8AAFC098F9450AF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219998/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" targetBox="[150,1433,240,1346]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBEE575A8AAFC098F9450AF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1371,1424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575A8AAFC098D60504F" bold="true" box="[151,270,1371,1394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBEE575A926FC098EF3504D" authority="Bleeker, 1879" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1879" box="[283,669,1371,1394]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575A926FC098D9B504E" box="[283,501,1371,1393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker, 1879)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ASIZP 72344, female, 77.0 mm SL, off northeast Taiwan. A. Ocular-side pigmentation of freshly-caught specimen. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBEE575A8AAFCEF8E3650C5" blockId="6.[151,1437,1469,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575A8AAFCEF8D6E50EA" bold="true" box="[151,256,1469,1493]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFBEE575A8AAFCEF8C9550EA" box="[151,251,1469,1493]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BSKU 44238, mature female, 91.0 mm SL; Tosa Bay, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575ABFCFCEF886650EA" box="[961,1032,1469,1493]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AC25FCEC883550EA" box="[1048,1115,1470,1493]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; bottom trawl,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AD2CFCEF89F650EA" box="[1297,1432,1469,1493]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">300–400 m</quantity>
|
||
; collected by
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575A91BFCB08D5350C5" box="[294,317,1506,1530]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Okamura,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575A983FCB08E3D50C5" box="[446,595,1506,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="1987-11-13">13 Nov 1987</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFBEE574A8F4FF558F2E525A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1469,2015]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1893]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="386" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575A8F4FF558D88531F" bold="true" box="[201,486,1543,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Counted and measured.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFBEE575A9D1FF558EEA5320" box="[492,644,1543,1567]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" type="generic">91 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(54.7–109.0 mm SL).
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575ABBFFF55889A531F" bold="true" box="[898,1268,1543,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575ABBFFF558FB5531F" box="[898,987,1543,1568]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off northeastern coast.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ASIZP 72344, mature female, 77.0 mm SL;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575A9D9FF7F8E06537A" box="[484,616,1581,1605]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="24.820333">24º49.22’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575AA49FF7F8F6D537A" box="[628,771,1581,1605]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="121.975">121º58.50’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, T.-W. Wang,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AB98FF7F8853537A" box="[933,1085,1581,1605]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2007-08-23">23 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72345, male, 77.0 mm SL;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575A8FBFF008D245355" box="[198,330,1618,1642]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="24.8695">24º52.17’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575A968FF008D8A5355" box="[341,484,1618,1642]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="121.95883">121º57.53’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, T.-W. Wang,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AABEFF008F775355" box="[643,793,1618,1643]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2007-08-23">23 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72346, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AC47FF0088B05355" box="[1146,1246,1618,1642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.17" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="81.7">81.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575AD29FF0089F65355" box="[1300,1432,1618,1642]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="24.8695">24º52.17’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575A8AAFF258D4853B0" box="[151,294,1655,1679]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="121.95883">121º57.53’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, T.-W. Wang,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575A9F9FF258E3753B0" box="[452,601,1655,1680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2007-08-23">23 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72347, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AB73FF258FDC53B0" box="[846,946,1655,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.709999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="77.1">77.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575ABDAFF25880553B0" box="[999,1131,1655,1679]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="24.8695">24º52.17’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBEE575AC4BFF25896B53B0" box="[1142,1285,1655,1679]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" precision="9" value="121.95883">121º57.53’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, T.-W. Wang,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575A8AAFFCF8D41538A" box="[151,303,1693,1717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2007-08-23">23 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 67634, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AAA9FFCF8E97538A" box="[660,761,1693,1717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.35" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="93.5">93.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Nanfang-Ao fish port, M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AC64FFCC8801538A" box="[1113,1135,1694,1717]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AC89FFCF895D538A" box="[1204,1331,1693,1717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2007-01-06">6 Jan 2007</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBEE575AD00FFCE8F7453E4" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AD00FFCE89FD538A" box="[1341,1427,1692,1717]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off northeastern coast, in landings at Da-Shi fish port.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ASIZP 72340, 2 mature females, 87.8–91.0 mm SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575A8AAFFBA8CC553C0" box="[151,171,1768,1791]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575A8CDFFB58DE753C0" box="[240,393,1767,1792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2007-08-23">23 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72372 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575AA02FFB58EDA53C0" box="[575,692,1767,1791]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678742" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678742</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575AAD0FFB58F0B53C0" box="[749,869,1767,1791]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678777" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678777</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AC16FFB588FE53C0" box="[1067,1168,1767,1791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.29" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="72.9">72.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575ACCDFFBA896853C0" box="[1264,1286,1768,1791]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AD76FFB58CBD521A" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72373 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A9B3FE5F8E6D521A" box="[398,515,1805,1829]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678743" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678743</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575AA02FE5F8ED9521A" box="[575,695,1805,1829]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678778" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678778</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female, 86.0 mm SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AC77FE5C880E521A" box="[1098,1120,1806,1829]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AC94FE5F892F521A" box="[1193,1345,1805,1829]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72374 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A8D3FE608D0D5275" box="[238,355,1842,1866]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678744" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678744</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A99DFE608E795275" box="[416,535,1842,1866]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678779" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678779</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AA48FE608EB25275" box="[629,732,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.409999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="74.1">74.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AB7DFE618F385275" box="[832,854,1843,1866]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575ABA2FE6088565275" box="[927,1080,1842,1866]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72375 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575ACC9FE6089075275" box="[1268,1385,1842,1866]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678745" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678745</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A8AAFE058D615250" box="[151,271,1879,1903]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678780" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678780</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575A9F2FE058E5C5250" box="[463,562,1879,1903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.129999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="91.3">91.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AAB3FE0A8ECA5250" box="[654,676,1880,1903]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AADBFE058F165250" box="[742,888,1879,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72376 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575AC17FE0588F15250" box="[1066,1183,1879,1903]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678746" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678746</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575ACE9FE0589225250" box="[1236,1356,1879,1903]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678781" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678781</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575A8AAFE2F8C9452AA" box="[151,250,1917,1941]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.01" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="60.1">60.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575A96BFE2C8D0252AA" box="[342,364,1918,1941]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575A993FE2F8E2E52AA" box="[430,576,1917,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72377 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575AACCFE2F8F0852AA" box="[753,870,1917,1941]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678747" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678747</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575ABA6FE2F887C52AA" box="[923,1042,1917,1941]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678782" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678782</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male, 64.0 mm SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AD15FE2C895052AA" box="[1320,1342,1918,1941]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575ADBDFE2F8D685285" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72378 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A985FEF08E435285" box="[440,557,1954,1978]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678748" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678748</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575AA5EFEF08EB45285" box="[611,730,1954,1978]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678783" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678783</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575ABA6FEF08F905285" box="[923,1022,1954,1978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.879999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="88.8">88.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AC66FEF1881F5285" box="[1115,1137,1955,1978]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575AC8EFEF0892B5285" box="[1203,1349,1954,1978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72379 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A8D3FE958D0D52E0" box="[238,355,1991,2015]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678749" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678749</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575A99DFE958E7652E0" box="[416,536,1991,2015]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678784" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678784</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBEE575AA48FE958EB252E0" box="[629,732,1991,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.33" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="83.3">83.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBEE575AB7DFE9A8F3852E0" box="[832,854,1992,2015]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBEE575ABA2FE95885652E0" box="[927,1080,1991,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="385" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72380 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBEE575ACC9FE95890752E0" box="[1268,1385,1991,2015]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678750" pageId="6" pageNumber="385">JN678750</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A8AAF9C58D605590" box="[151,270,151,175]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678785" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678785</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A9E1F9C58E2A5590" box="[476,580,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.859999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="78.6">78.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AA97F9CA8EAE5590" box="[682,704,152,175]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB36F9C58FC85590" box="[779,934,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72381 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AC58F9C588B45590" box="[1125,1242,151,175]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678751" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678751</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AD25F9C589FE5590" box="[1304,1424,151,175]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678786" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678786</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A97AF9EF8DC555EA" box="[327,427,189,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.529999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="75.3">75.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AA34F9EC8E7155EA" box="[521,543,190,213]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA5EF9EF8E9855EA" box="[611,758,189,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2009-12-30">30 Dec 2009</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 1663, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC36F9EF880155EA" box="[1035,1135,189,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.64" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="96.4">96.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AC9BF9EC88D255EA" box="[1190,1212,190,213]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AD2BF9EF89F755EA" box="[1302,1433,189,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-09-09">9 Sep 2003</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 6127, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AA36F9B08E0155C5" box="[523,623,226,250]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.92" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="89.2">89.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AA9BF9B18ED255C5" box="[678,700,227,250]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB2BF9B08FCF55C5" box="[790,929,226,251]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-05-08">8 May 2003</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 6184, male, 94.7 SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AD23F9B1895A55C5" box="[1310,1332,227,250]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574ADB3F9B08D7C5420" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-05-08">8 May 2003</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 6186, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AA98F8558F605420" box="[677,782,263,287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.559999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="85.6">85.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AB70F85A8F0D5420" box="[845,867,264,287]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574ABF8F85588375420" box="[965,1113,263,288]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-05-08">8 May 2003</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 8631, 2 mature females, 78.8–89.0 mm SL; T.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA78F87F8EBD547A" box="[581,723,301,325]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2005-06-18">18 Jun 2005</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 9114, 10 (2 exam.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFBFE574AC09F87F88EE547A" box="[1076,1152,301,325]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
and 1 immature female),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8AAF8008D575455" box="[151,313,338,362]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.265" metricValueMax="7.82" metricValueMin="6.709999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="72.65" valueMax="78.2" valueMin="67.1">67.1–78.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Ta-Shi (=Da-Shi) fish port, H.-W. Chen,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB0AF8018FD35455" box="[823,957,338,363]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2008-08-07">7 Aug 2008</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 7484, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD04F80089F25455" box="[1337,1436,338,362]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="80.8">80.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A8FBF82A8CB254B0" box="[198,220,376,399]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A908F8258DA854B0" box="[309,454,375,400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2004-04-16">16 Apr 2004</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A9F2F82A8F6254AF" bold="true" box="[463,780,375,400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
Eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AA09F8258EE354AF" box="[564,653,375,400]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off Su-ao.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ASIZP 65666, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ABC2F825880D54B0" box="[1023,1123,375,399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.77" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="67.7">67.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; 24º47.75’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574AD2BF82589F954B0" box="[1302,1431,375,399]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="24.800167">24º48.01’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 122º00.09’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574A91CF8CF8DC0548A" box="[289,430,413,437]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="122.034836">122º02.09’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ORE beam trawl,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AAA9F8CF8F77548A" box="[660,793,413,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.085" metricValueMax="3.52" metricValueMin="2.65" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="308.5" valueMax="352.0" valueMin="265.0">265–352 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574AB14F8CF8872548A" box="[809,1052,413,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Fishery Researcher I</emphasis>
|
||
, OCP 273,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC96F8CF892E548A" box="[1195,1344,413,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2005-06-13">13 Jun 2005</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 66767, 4 (2 exam., females),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A9CBF8908EF054E5" box="[502,670,450,474]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.78" metricValueMax="8.87" metricValueMin="6.69" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="77.8" valueMax="88.7" valueMin="66.9">66.9–88.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; 24º55.11’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574AB64F8908FB554E5" box="[857,987,450,474]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="24.957834">24º57.47’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 122º04.73’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574AC4BF890896D54E5" box="[1142,1283,450,474]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="122.0905">122º05.43’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, beam trawl,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8AAF8B58D7454C0" box="[151,282,487,511]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.485" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="2.67" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="348.5" valueMax="430.0" valueMin="267.0">267–430 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A914F8BA8E74573F" box="[297,538,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Fishery Researcher I</emphasis>
|
||
, CP 291,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AAAFF8B58F7154C0" box="[658,799,487,512]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2005-08-08">8 Aug 2005</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 66821, 4 (3 exam., male and an immature and mature female),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A967FB5F8E6C571A" box="[346,514,525,549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.725" metricValueMax="8.309999999999999" metricValueMin="7.14" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="77.25" valueMax="83.1" valueMin="71.4">71.4–83.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; 24º57.07’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574AA82FB5F8F2C571A" box="[703,834,525,549]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="24.971167">24º58.27’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 122º04.61’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574ABE1FB5F8804571A" box="[988,1130,525,549]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="122.092834">122º05.57’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, beam trawl,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD2DFB5F89F9571A" box="[1296,1431,525,549]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" metricValueMax="2.7199999999999998" metricValueMin="2.36" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="254.0" valueMax="272.0" valueMin="236.0">236–272 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A8AAFB618DEC5774" box="[151,386,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Fishery Researcher I</emphasis>
|
||
, CP 292,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A9CFFB608E145775" box="[498,634,562,587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2005-08-08">8 Aug 2005</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 66898, 10 (4 exam.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFBFE574AB87FB60887D5775" box="[954,1043,562,586]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 immature and 1 mature female),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8AAFB058D545750" box="[151,314,599,623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.255" metricValueMax="7.94" metricValueMin="6.57" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="72.55" valueMax="79.4" valueMin="65.7">65.7–79.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; 24º55.70’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574A9D0FB058E005750" box="[493,622,599,623]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="24.953833">24º57.23’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 122º04.30’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574AB3BFB058FFC5750" box="[774,914,599,623]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="122.08017">122º04.81’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, beam trawl,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC14FB0588C45750" box="[1065,1194,599,623]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.435" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.12" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="243.5" valueMax="275.0" valueMin="212.0">212–275 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574AC8BFB0A89FB574F" box="[1206,1429,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Ocean Researcher I</emphasis>
|
||
, CP 290,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A8C2FB2F8DF257AA" box="[255,412,637,662]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2004-08-28">28 Aug 2004</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A994FB2F888257AA" bold="true" box="[425,1260,637,662]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A994FB2F8E6C57A9" box="[425,514,637,662]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off southwestern coast, in landings at Dong-Gang fish port.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ASIZP 67650, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8E3FBF08D285785" box="[222,326,674,698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.65" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="76.5">76.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A994FBF18DD15785" box="[425,447,675,698]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA35FBF08EE95785" box="[520,647,674,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2007-07-04">4 Jul 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 67651, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ABB7FBF08F9C5785" box="[906,1010,674,698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.379999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="83.8">83.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AC68FBF188055785" box="[1109,1131,675,698]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC89FBF0892E5785" box="[1204,1344,674,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2007-07-04">4 July 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 67652, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A90EFB958DF457E0" box="[307,410,711,735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="82.5">82.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A9C7FB9A8E7E57E0" box="[506,528,712,735]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA6AFB958EBA57E0" box="[599,724,711,735]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2007-07-04">4 Jul 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 67653, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC7DFB9588C857E0" box="[1088,1190,711,735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="80.4">80.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AD3AFB9A897357E0" box="[1287,1309,712,735]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AD59FB958CBD563A" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2007-07-04">4 Jul 2007</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72341,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFBFE574A9AEFBBF8D9E563A" box="[403,496,749,773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AA3DFBBF8EC6563A" box="[512,680,749,773]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.659999999999999" metricValueMax="8.11" metricValueMin="7.209999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="76.6" valueMax="81.1" valueMin="72.1">72.1–81.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AB30FBBC8F4D563A" box="[781,803,750,773]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB52FBBF887F563A" box="[879,1041,749,774]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2008-05-28">28 May 2008</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72342, 6 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFBFE574ACCEFBBF8921563A" box="[1267,1359,749,773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and 1 immature and 1 mature female),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AA23FA408EAB5615" box="[542,709,786,810]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.665" metricValueMax="8.42" metricValueMin="6.909999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="76.65" valueMax="84.2" valueMin="69.1">69.1–84.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AB11FA418F2C5615" box="[812,834,787,810]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574ABB2FA40885F5615" box="[911,1073,786,811]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2008-05-28">28 May 2008</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72556 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574ACCEFA4089095615" box="[1267,1383,786,810]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678752" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678752</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A8AAFA658D605670" box="[151,270,823,847]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678787" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678787</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A950FA658DBA5670" box="[365,468,823,847]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.909999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="79.1">79.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AA05FA6A8E205670" box="[568,590,824,847]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AAA5FA658F5C5670" box="[664,818,823,847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 July 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72557 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574ABCDFA65880B5670" box="[1008,1125,823,847]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678753" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678753</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AC9EFA6589745670" box="[1187,1306,823,847]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678788" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678788</accessionNumber>
|
||
), immature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8CEFA0F8D34564A" box="[243,346,861,885]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.529999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="75.3">75.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A986FA0C8DBF564A" box="[443,465,862,885]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA24FA0F8ECC564A" box="[537,674,861,885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72558 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AB60FA0F8FBF564A" box="[861,977,861,885]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678754" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678754</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AC30FA0F88EA564A" box="[1037,1156,861,885]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678789" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678789</accessionNumber>
|
||
), immature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD56FA0F8CAD56A5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.87" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="68.7">68.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A91FFAD18D5656A5" box="[290,312,899,922]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A941FAD08E6C56A5" box="[380,514,898,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72559 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AA85FAD08F4356A5" box="[696,813,898,922]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678755" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678755</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AB58FAD08FB056A5" box="[869,990,898,922]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678790" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678790</accessionNumber>
|
||
), immature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC82FAD0894D56A5" box="[1215,1315,898,922]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.26" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="62.6">62.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574ADBFFAD189F656A5" box="[1410,1432,899,922]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A8ECFAF58D375680" box="[209,345,935,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72560 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AA2EFAF58EE65680" box="[531,648,935,959]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678756" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678756</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AAFEFAF58F545680" box="[707,826,935,959]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678791" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678791</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ABA8FAF58F955680" box="[917,1019,935,959]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.609999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="76.1">76.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AC61FAFA881C5680" box="[1116,1138,936,959]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC84FAF5892F5680" box="[1209,1345,935,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72561 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A8D2FA9F8D0A56DA" box="[239,356,973,997]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678757" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678757</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A99FFA9F8E7556DA" box="[418,539,973,997]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678792" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678792</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AA44FA9F8E8F56DA" box="[633,737,973,997]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.279999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="62.8">62.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AB7BFA9C8F3256DA" box="[838,860,974,997]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB9AFA9F885A56DA" box="[935,1076,973,997]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72562 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574ACC9FA9F890756DA" box="[1268,1385,973,997]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678758" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678758</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A8AAFAA08D605135" box="[151,270,1010,1034]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678793" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678793</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A95BFAA08DA55135" box="[358,459,1010,1034]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.97" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="69.7">69.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AA14FAA18E515135" box="[553,575,1011,1034]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AABFFAA08F665135" box="[642,776,1010,1034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72563 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AB81FAA0885F5135" box="[956,1073,1010,1034]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678759" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678759</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AC55FAA088B15135" box="[1128,1247,1010,1034]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678794" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678794</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD05FAA089F25135" box="[1336,1436,1010,1034]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="80.5">80.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A8D0FD4A8D6D5110" box="[237,259,1048,1071]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A97BFD458DA25110" box="[326,460,1047,1071]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72564 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AA42FD458E9D5110" box="[639,755,1047,1071]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678760" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678760</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574AB17FD458FCC5110" box="[810,930,1047,1071]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678795" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678795</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ABC7FD4588335110" box="[1018,1117,1047,1071]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1899999999999995" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="61.9">61.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AC87FD4A88BE5110" box="[1210,1232,1048,1071]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AD2EFD4589F65110" box="[1299,1432,1047,1071]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72565 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A97FFD6F8DD8516A" box="[322,438,1085,1109]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678761" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678761</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFBFE574A9CDFD6F8E09516A" box="[496,615,1085,1109]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678796" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">JN678796</accessionNumber>
|
||
), mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AB11FD6F8FFF516A" box="[812,913,1085,1109]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2299999999999995" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="72.3">72.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574ABCCFD6C8869516A" box="[1009,1031,1086,1109]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC71FD6F88BD516A" box="[1100,1235,1085,1109]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2011-07-21">21 Jul 2011</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 3714, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8DDFD308D245145" box="[224,330,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.209999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="72.1">72.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Dong-Kang (=Dong-Gang) fish port, J.-H. Wu,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574ABFFFD3088395145" box="[962,1111,1122,1147]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2002-05-02">2 May 2002</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 5776, 2 mature females,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8C1FDD58DF151A0" box="[252,415,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.93" metricValueMax="8.14" metricValueMin="7.72" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="79.3" valueMax="81.4" valueMin="77.2">77.2–81.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Dong-Kang (=Dong-Gang) fish port,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AB41FDDA8FFC51A0" box="[892,914,1160,1183]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574ABD6FDD588EE51A0" box="[1003,1152,1159,1183]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-03-13">13 Mar 2003</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 6222, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8CFFDFF8D3951FA" box="[242,343,1197,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.09" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="90.9">90.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Tong-Kong (=Dong-Gang) fish port, H-C. Ho,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB9BFDFF884F51FA" box="[934,1057,1197,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2007-07-05">5 Jul 2007</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 7914, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD0AFDFF89F251FA" box="[1335,1436,1197,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.59" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="85.9">85.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Y-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A910FD808DD951D5" box="[301,439,1234,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2004-06-11">11 Jun 2004</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 8147, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AB0CFD808FFA51D5" box="[817,916,1234,1258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.63" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="76.3">76.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574ABF4FD818FB151D5" box="[969,991,1235,1258]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC0AFD8088AC51D5" box="[1079,1218,1234,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2004-06-11">11 Jun 2004</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 6222, 3 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFBFE574A8A2FDA58C9B5030" box="[159,245,1271,1295]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and 1 mature female),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A9CAFDA58EF75030" box="[503,665,1271,1295]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.225" metricValueMax="8.26" metricValueMin="6.1899999999999995" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="72.25" valueMax="82.6" valueMin="61.9">61.9–82.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Tong-Kong (=Dong-Gang) fish port, C-W. Chang,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AD39FDA589F75030" box="[1284,1433,1271,1296]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2008-08-27">27 Aug 2008</date>
|
||
. NTUM 0 4564,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFBFE574A970FC4F8DDB500A" box="[333,437,1309,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFBFE574A9D9FC4C8EDE500A" box="[484,688,1309,1333]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A9D9FC4C8EDE500A" box="[484,688,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AB41FC4F8F8A500A" box="[892,996,1309,1333]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.99" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="79.9">79.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, Tung-kong (=Dong-Gang), S.-C. Shen,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A8E3FC108D0F5065" box="[222,353,1346,1370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1980-02-01">1 Feb 1980</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A950FC108E895064" bold="true" box="[365,743,1346,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A950FC108DA85064" box="[365,454,1346,1371]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off southwestern coast.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
NMMB–P 7615, 2 mature females,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ACBAFC1089425065" box="[1159,1324,1346,1370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.209999999999999" metricValueMax="7.88" metricValueMin="6.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="72.1" valueMax="78.8" valueMin="65.4">65.4–78.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Kao- Hsung,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A8D2FC3A8D6B5040" box="[239,261,1384,1407]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-M. Ju,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A962FC358DB75040" box="[351,473,1383,1407]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2004-07-04">4 Jul 2004</date>
|
||
. NMMB–P 3713, 2 mature females,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AB45FC3588725040" box="[888,1052,1383,1407]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="8.02" metricValueMin="7.68" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="78.5" valueMax="80.2" valueMin="76.8">76.8–80.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Fon-Kan fish port,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD16FC35891A5040" box="[1323,1396,1383,1407]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
, J.- H. Wu,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A8CFFCDF8D13509A" box="[242,381,1421,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2001-08-02">2 Aug 2001</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A9B4FCDF8E355099" bold="true" box="[393,603,1421,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A9E5FCDF8E4F5099" box="[472,545,1421,1446]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ASIZP 66881, 2 (male and mature female),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC60FCDF896C509A" box="[1117,1282,1421,1445]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.534999999999999" metricValueMax="7.779999999999999" metricValueMin="7.290000000000001" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="75.35" valueMax="77.8" valueMin="72.9">72.9–77.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AD57FCDF89F2509A" box="[1386,1436,1421,1445]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Siao</collectingCountry>
|
||
Liouciou, 22º21.64’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574A9B6FCE08E6350F5" box="[395,525,1458,1482]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="22.3715">22º22.29’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 120º11.55’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574AA95FCE08F5A50F5" box="[680,820,1458,1482]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="120.22134">120º13.28’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, mini-beam trawl,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC2BFCE088F250F5" box="[1046,1180,1458,1482]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.655" metricValueMax="3.95" metricValueMin="3.36" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="365.5" valueMax="395.0" valueMin="336.0">336–395 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574AC91FCE189FB50F4" box="[1196,1429,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Ocean Researcher I</emphasis>
|
||
, PCP 348,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A935FC858DE050D0" box="[264,398,1495,1519]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2006-03-09">9 Mar 2006</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A9A4FC8A880D50CF" bold="true" box="[409,1123,1495,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A9A4FC8A8D8A50CF" box="[409,484,1496,1520]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Tosa Bay, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AAACFC858EB450CF" box="[657,730,1495,1520]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in landings at Mimase fish port.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BSKU 341, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8AAFCAF8C95532A" box="[151,251,1533,1557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.18" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="91.8">91.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A90DFCAF8DAE532A" box="[304,448,1533,1558]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1951-04-11">11 Apr 1951</date>
|
||
. BSKU 617, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AAA5FCAF8E95532A" box="[664,763,1533,1557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.23" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="82.3">82.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB0CFCAF8FDC532A" box="[817,946,1533,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1951-02-05">5 Feb 1951</date>
|
||
. BSKU 618, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ACC9FCAF8936532A" box="[1268,1368,1533,1557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.12" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="81.2">81.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574ADB3FCAF8D6D5305" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1951-02-05">5 Feb 1951</date>
|
||
. BSKU 807, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A9E0FF708E2C5305" box="[477,578,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="92.5">92.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA44FF708F665305" box="[633,776,1570,1594]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1951-02-19">19 Feb 1951</date>
|
||
. BSKU 808, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ABDEFF7088295305" box="[995,1095,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="86.2">86.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC43FF7089635305" box="[1150,1293,1570,1594]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1951-02-19">19 Feb 1951</date>
|
||
. BSKU 810, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8E3FF158D2A5360" box="[222,324,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.17" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="91.7">91.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A9BDFF158E7A5360" box="[384,532,1607,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1951-02-19">19 Feb 1951</date>
|
||
. BSKU 1585, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AB4FFF158FB65360" box="[882,984,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.629999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="96.3">96.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC29FF1588CA5360" box="[1044,1188,1607,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1952-01-20">20 Jan 1952</date>
|
||
. BSKU 3457, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A8CEFF3F8D3453BA" box="[243,346,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.12" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="91.2">91.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A9A8FF3F8E7053BA" box="[405,542,1645,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1953-12-06">6 Dec 1953</date>
|
||
. BSKU 40990, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AB21FF3F8FED53BA" box="[796,899,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.04" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="70.4">70.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; off Saga, traditional bottom trawl,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AD70FF3F8CBC5395" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1985-02-26">26 Feb 1985</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A8E2FFC18DB85394" bold="true" box="[223,470,1682,1707]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
Tosa Bay, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574A9BAFFC08DBE5394" box="[391,464,1682,1707]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BSKU 67756, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AAECFFC08F595395" box="[721,823,1682,1706]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="58.5">58.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574AB4FFFC188545394" box="[882,1082,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">R/V Kotaka-maru</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AC76FFC088B95395" box="[1099,1239,1682,1706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-07-25">25 Jul 2003</date>
|
||
. BSKU 69970, 2 (exam. 1, male),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A969FFE58DD953F0" box="[340,439,1719,1743]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.47" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="54.7">54.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A9D0FFE58E5B53F0" box="[493,565,1719,1743]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574AA7CFFEA8F6953EF" box="[577,775,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">R/V Kotaka-maru</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AB28FFEA8FFD53F0" box="[789,915,1719,1743]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2003-10-07">7 Oct 2003</date>
|
||
. BSKU 88734, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ACBAFFE5888553F0" box="[1159,1259,1719,1743]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.87" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="68.7">68.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; in landings at fish port,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A920FF8F8DCD53CA" box="[285,419,1757,1781]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="2006-03-03">3 Mar 2006</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574A990FF8F8E8E53C9" bold="true" box="[429,736,1757,1782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">
|
||
Off Murado Cape,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFBFE574AAACFF8F8EB553C9" box="[657,731,1757,1782]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BSKU 3528, male, 109.0 mm SL; 1953.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFBFE574AC92FF8F892F53CA" bold="true" box="[1199,1345,1757,1782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386">Suruga Bay.</emphasis>
|
||
NSMT- P 7471, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A99EFE508E695225" box="[419,519,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.73" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="97.3">97.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA00FE508E985225" box="[573,758,1794,1818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1968-09-16" valueMax="1968-09-20" valueMin="1968-09-16">16–20 Sep 1968</date>
|
||
. NSMT-P 49992, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AC38FE5088075225" box="[1029,1129,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.45" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="74.5">74.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; Off Heda,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AD2BFE5089F95225" box="[1302,1431,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.425" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.45" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="342.5" valueMax="440.0" valueMin="245.0">245–440 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574A8AAFE758D755200" box="[151,283,1831,1855]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="34.995667">34º59.74’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE255032FFBFE574A915FE758DD85200" box="[296,438,1831,1855]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" precision="9" value="138.75284">138º45.17’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574A9F9FE758E335200" box="[452,605,1831,1855]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1996-11-10">10 Nov 1996</date>
|
||
. NSMT-P 78389, mature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ABDDFE7588295200" box="[992,1095,1831,1855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.629999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="86.3">86.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574ACBDFE75896D5200" box="[1152,1283,1831,1855]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">300–400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AD2CFE7589F65200" box="[1297,1432,1831,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1986-04-01">1 Apr 1986</date>
|
||
. USNM 77066, male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574A9BAFE1F8D85525A" box="[391,491,1869,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.64" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="56.4">56.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFBFE574AA1CFE1F8ECC525A" box="[545,674,1869,1893]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" unit="m" value="395.0" valueMax="520.0" valueMin="270.0">270–520 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFBFE574AA93FE1F8F52525A" box="[686,828,1869,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="386" value="1906-10-16">16 Oct 1906</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFB0E57BA8AAFEC58F1752D5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219999/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="387" targetBox="[203,1331,225,1894]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB0E57BA8AAFEC58F1752D5" blockId="8.[151,1436,1943,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="387">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB0E57BA8AAFEC58D625292" bold="true" box="[151,268,1943,1966]" pageId="8" pageNumber="387">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB0E57BA90BFEC58F785292" authority="Shen and Lin, 1984" authorityName="Shen and Lin" authorityYear="1984" box="[310,790,1943,1965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB0E57BA90BFEC58E275292" box="[310,585,1943,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="387">Symphurus novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
Shen and Lin, 1984
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype, NTUM 0 4586, female, 79.9 mm SL, off Dong-Gang, southwest Taiwan. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen. C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB0E57BAB01FEE4887B52F3" box="[828,1045,1974,1996]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB0E57BAB01FEE4887B52F3" box="[828,1045,1974,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="387">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Neotype, BSKU 44238, female, 91.0 mm SL, collected off Kochi, Japan. D. Blind-side coloration of Neotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB1E57AA8F4F9C5885355C8" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA8F4F9C58D58558F" bold="true" box="[201,310,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Counted.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB1E57AA903F9C58DA65590" box="[318,456,151,175]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB1E57AA9EAF9C58E125590" box="[471,636,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2599999999999993" metricValueMax="3.38" metricValueMin="3.1399999999999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="32.599999999999994" valueMax="33.8" valueMin="31.4">31.4–33.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL). ASIZP 72358 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFB1E57AAB58F9C58FB75590" box="[869,985,151,175]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678762" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">JN678762</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFB1E57AAC2CF9C588E65590" box="[1041,1160,151,175]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678797" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">JN678797</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB1E57AACDCF9C5892B5590" box="[1249,1349,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="33.8">33.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB1E57AA8AAF9EE8CB055EB" box="[151,222,188,212]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Tosa Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB1E57AA960F9EF8DCE55EB" box="[349,416,189,212]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB1E57AA996F9EE8D9A55EB" box="[427,500,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA9C2F9EF8EB255EB" box="[511,732,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">R/V Toyohata-maru</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFB1E57AAAD7F9EE8F1855EB" box="[746,886,188,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" value="2009-06-17">17 Jun 2009</date>
|
||
. ASIZP 72359 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFB1E57AAC14F9EE88F055EB" box="[1065,1182,188,212]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678763" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">JN678763</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9442AB16FFB1E57AACE9F9EE892555EB" box="[1236,1355,188,212]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN678798" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">JN678798</accessionNumber>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB1E57AA8AAF98D8C9555C8" box="[151,251,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1399999999999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="31.4">31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB1E57AA965F98D8DF155C8" box="[344,415,223,247]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Tosa Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB1E57AAA22F9B28E0C55C8" box="[543,610,224,247]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB1E57AAA50F98D8ED855C8" box="[621,694,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AAAFFF9B28FF155C7" box="[706,927,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">R/V Toyohata-maru</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFB1E57AAB91F98D885755C8" box="[940,1081,223,247]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" value="2009-06-17">17 Jun 2009</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFB1E57AA8F4F8518FC654CB" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB1E57AA8F4F8518FC654CB" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA8F4F8518D2D5423" bold="true" box="[201,323,259,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB1E57AA970F8568E505423" box="[333,574,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA970F8568E505423" box="[333,574,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of: a predominant 1–2–2–2–2 ID pattern, 12 caudal-fin rays, 9 abdominal vertebrae, 52–55 total vertebrae, four hypurals, 96–101 dorsal-fin rays, 82–89 anal-fin rays, 87–99 longitudinal scale rows, 37–42 transverse scales, 18–22 scale rows on the head posterior to the lower orbit, and usually with 5–11 distinct, wide (covering 4–8 scales), complete or incomplete dark, blackish-brown crossbands on the ocular side, an alternating series of rectangular blotches and unpigmented areas (both extending from base to tip of fin) throughout entire lengths of dorsal and anal fins, uniformly white blind side, and conspicuous bluish-black peritoneum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFB1E578A8F4F8AD894855C8" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB1E57AA8F4F8AD8EEB5798" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA8F4F8AD8D355727" bold="true" box="[201,347,511,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB1E57AA959FB528E385727" box="[356,598,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA959FB528E385727" box="[356,598,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a medium-sized species reaching sizes to approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB1E57AAD36F8AD89055728" box="[1291,1387,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="109.0">109 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL. Meristic characters are summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C693034EFFB1E57AAA70FB768ECC5703" box="[589,674,548,572]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,235,709,730]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,794,1796]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 1. Frequency of meristic characters of Symphurus orientalis. Counts for the neotype (BSKU 44238) indicated by an asterisk (*); those of the holotype of S. novemfasciatus (NTUM 04564) indicated by a solid star ()." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" tableUuid="DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Predominant ID pattern 1–2–2–2–2 (83/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB1E57AAC49FB76897F5703" box="[1140,1297,548,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" type="generic">91 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
). Caudal-fin rays 12 (two specimens with 11). Dorsal-fin rays 96–101. Anal-fin rays 82–89. Pelvic-fin rays 4. Total vertebrae 52–55; abdominal vertebrae 9(3 + 6). Hypurals 4. Longitudinal scale rows 87–99. Scale rows on head posterior to lower orbit 18–22. Transverse scales 37–42.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" ID-Table-UUID="DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[159,1412,794,1796]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" blockId="9.[151,1436,709,767]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA8AAFB978D6857E5" bold="true" box="[151,262,709,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Frequency of meristic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB1E57AAABCFB978F3457E4" box="[641,858,709,731]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AAABCFB978F3457E4" box="[641,858,709,731]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Counts for the neotype (BSKU 44238) indicated by an asterisk (*); those of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB1E57AAA31FBBB8EAF57C1" box="[524,705,744,766]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AAA31FBBB8EAF57C1" box="[524,705,744,766]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NTUM 04564) indicated by a solid star().
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB1E57AA8A2FA488915523B" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<table id="F911C455FFB11A8CA8A2FA4889EA523B" box="[159,1412,794,1796]" gridcols="7" gridrows="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FA4889EA5610" box="[159,1412,794,815]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FA488DF75610" box="[159,409,794,815]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">ID Pattern</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FA1189EA5666" box="[159,1412,835,857]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FA118DF75666" box="[159,409,835,857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1-2-2-2-2*</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FA118E795666" box="[427,535,835,857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1-2-3-2-2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFA118F6F5666" box="[550,769,835,857]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1-2-2-2-1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFA1188015666" box="[787,1135,835,857]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1-3-2-2-2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFA1188915666" box="[1169,1279,835,857]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1-2-1-2-2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FA1189EA5666" box="[1375,1412,835,857]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FA3F89EA56BD" box="[159,1412,877,898]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FA3F8DF756BD" box="[159,409,877,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">83</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FA3F8E7956BD" box="[427,535,877,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFA3F8F6F56BD" box="[550,769,877,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFA3F880156BD" box="[787,1135,877,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFA3F889156BD" box="[1169,1279,877,898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FA3F89EA56BD" box="[1375,1412,877,898]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">91</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FAC789EA5694" box="[159,1412,917,939]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FAC78DF75694" box="[159,409,917,939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Dorsal-fin rays</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FAED89EA56E6" box="[159,1412,959,985]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FAED8DF756E6" box="[159,409,959,985]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">96</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FAED8E7956E6" box="[427,535,959,985]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">97</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFAED8F6F56E6" box="[550,769,959,985]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">98*</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFAED880156E6" box="[787,1135,959,985]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">99 100</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFAED889156E6" box="[1169,1279,959,985]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">101</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FAED89EA56E6" box="[1375,1412,959,985]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FABF89EA513D" box="[159,1412,1005,1026]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FABF8DF7513D" box="[159,409,1005,1026]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">12</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FABF8E79513D" box="[427,535,1005,1026]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFABF8F6F513D" box="[550,769,1005,1026]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">23</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFABF8801513D" box="[787,1135,1005,1026]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">23 11</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFABF8891513D" box="[1169,1279,1005,1026]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FABF89EA513D" box="[1375,1412,1005,1026]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">92</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FD4489EA5113" box="[159,1412,1046,1068]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FD448DF75113" box="[159,409,1046,1068]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Anal-fin rays</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FD6D89EA5166" box="[159,1412,1087,1113]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FD6D8DF75166" box="[159,409,1087,1113]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">82 83</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FD6D8E795166" box="[427,535,1087,1113]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">84</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFD6D8F6F5166" box="[550,769,1087,1113]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">85</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFD6D88015166" box="[787,1135,1087,1113]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">86 87* 88</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFD6D88915166" box="[1169,1279,1087,1113]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">89</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FD6D89EA5166" box="[1375,1412,1087,1113]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FD3F89EA51BC" box="[159,1412,1133,1155]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FD3F8DF751BC" box="[159,409,1133,1155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">2 8</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FD3F8E7951BC" box="[427,535,1133,1155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">19</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFD3F8F6F51BC" box="[550,769,1133,1155]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">15</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFD3F880151BC" box="[787,1135,1133,1155]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">26 17 4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFD3F889151BC" box="[1169,1279,1133,1155]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FD3F89EA51BC" box="[1375,1412,1133,1155]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">92</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FDC489EA5193" box="[159,1412,1174,1196]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FDC48DF75193" box="[159,409,1174,1196]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Caudal-fin rays</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFDC488015193" box="[787,1135,1174,1196]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Abdominal vertebrae</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FDED89EA51E6" box="[159,1412,1215,1241]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FDED8DF751E6" box="[159,409,1215,1241]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">11</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFDED8F6F51E6" box="[550,769,1215,1241]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">12*</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFDED880151E6" box="[787,1135,1215,1241]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N 3+6*</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FDED89EA51E6" box="[1375,1412,1215,1241]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FDBC89EA503C" box="[159,1412,1262,1283]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FDBC8DF7503C" box="[159,409,1262,1283]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">2</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFDBC8F6F503C" box="[550,769,1262,1283]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">92</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFDBC8801503C" box="[787,1135,1262,1283]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">94 93</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FDBC89EA503C" box="[1375,1412,1262,1283]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FC4A89EA5011" box="[159,1412,1304,1326]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FC4A8DF75011" box="[159,409,1304,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Total vertebrae</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FC1389EA5068" box="[159,1412,1345,1367]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FC138DF75068" box="[159,409,1345,1367]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">52</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFC138F6F5068" box="[550,769,1345,1367]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">53</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFC1388015068" box="[787,1135,1345,1367]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">54*</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFC1388915068" box="[1169,1279,1345,1367]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">55</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FC1389EA5068" box="[1375,1412,1345,1367]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FC3889EA50BF" box="[159,1412,1386,1408]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FC388DF750BF" box="[159,409,1386,1408]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">5</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFC388F6F50BF" box="[550,769,1386,1408]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">27</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFC38880150BF" box="[787,1135,1386,1408]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">50</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFC38889150BF" box="[1169,1279,1386,1408]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FC3889EA50BF" box="[1375,1412,1386,1408]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">91</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FCC689EA5095" box="[159,1412,1428,1450]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FCC68DF75095" box="[159,409,1428,1450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Longitudinal scale count</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FCEF89EA50E8" box="[159,1412,1469,1495]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FCEF8DF750E8" box="[159,409,1469,1495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">87 88 89</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FCEF8E7950E8" box="[427,535,1469,1495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">90</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFCEF8F6F50E8" box="[550,769,1469,1495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">91 92 93</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFCEF880150E8" box="[787,1135,1469,1495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">94* 95 96 97</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFCEF889150E8" box="[1169,1279,1469,1495]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">98</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD32FCEF894650E8" box="[1295,1320,1469,1495]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">99</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FCEF89EA50E8" box="[1375,1412,1469,1495]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FCB989EA533E" box="[159,1412,1515,1537]" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FCB98DF7533E" box="[159,409,1515,1537]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1 4 2</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FCB98E79533E" box="[427,535,1515,1537]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFCB98F6F533E" box="[550,769,1515,1537]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">6 9 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFCB98801533E" box="[787,1135,1515,1537]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">13 7 10 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFCB98891533E" box="[1169,1279,1515,1537]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD32FCB98946533E" box="[1295,1320,1515,1537]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FCB989EA533E" box="[1375,1412,1515,1537]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">86</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FF4689EA5315" box="[159,1412,1556,1578]" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FF468DF75315" box="[159,409,1556,1578]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Head scale count</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FF1389EA5365" box="[159,1412,1601,1626]" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FF138DF75365" box="[159,409,1601,1626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">18</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FF138E795365" box="[427,535,1601,1626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">19</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFF138F6F5365" box="[550,769,1601,1626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">20*</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFF1388015365" box="[787,1135,1601,1626]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFF1388915365" box="[1169,1279,1601,1626]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">22</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FF1389EA5365" box="[1375,1412,1601,1626]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FF3C89EA53BB" box="[159,1412,1646,1668]" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FF3C8DF753BB" box="[159,409,1646,1668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">5</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FF3C8E7953BB" box="[427,535,1646,1668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">31</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFF3C8F6F53BB" box="[550,769,1646,1668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">33</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFF3C880153BB" box="[787,1135,1646,1668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFF3C889153BB" box="[1169,1279,1646,1668]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FF3C89EA53BB" box="[1375,1412,1646,1668]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">86</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FFC589EA5392" box="[159,1412,1687,1709]" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FFC58DF75392" box="[159,409,1687,1709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">Transverse scale count</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FF9389EA53E5" box="[159,1412,1729,1754]" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FF938DF753E5" box="[159,409,1729,1754]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">37</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FF938E7953E5" box="[427,535,1729,1754]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">38</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFF938F6F53E5" box="[550,769,1729,1754]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">39*</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFF93880153E5" box="[787,1135,1729,1754]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">40 41</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFF93889153E5" box="[1169,1279,1729,1754]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">42</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FF9389EA53E5" box="[1375,1412,1729,1754]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">N</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB11A8CA8A2FFBC89EA523B" box="[159,1412,1774,1796]" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA8A2FFBC8DF7523B" box="[159,409,1774,1796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">7</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CA996FFBC8E79523B" box="[427,535,1774,1796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAA1BFFBC8F6F523B" box="[550,769,1774,1796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAB2EFFBC8801523B" box="[787,1135,1774,1796]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">24 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CACACFFBC8891523B" box="[1169,1279,1774,1796]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB11A8CAD62FFBC89EA523B" box="[1375,1412,1774,1796]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">86</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB1E579A8F4FE1B8D615604" blockId="9.[151,1436,1865,2043]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,827]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">
|
||
Proportions of morphometric features are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C693034EFFB1E57AAB12FE1B8FEB525E" box="[815,901,1865,1889]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,235,872,893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1031,2006]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphometrics for the neotype (BSKU 44238) and examined specimens of Symphurus orientalis, including those for the holotype of S. novemfasciatus (NTUM 04564). SL in mm; characters 2 – 15 in % of SL; 16 – 23 in % of HL." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" pageId="9" pageNumber="388" tableUuid="DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. Body relatively deep and moderately elongate; maximum depth in anterior one-third of body usually at point between anus and fourth anal-fin ray, with moderate taper posteriorly from anus to posterior body margin. Preanal length smaller than body depth. Head moderately short and wide; head width slightly shorter than body depth, and much greater than head length (HW/HL= 1.05–1.28,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AA921FEB28D4452C4" box="[284,298,2016,2043]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 1.12). Upper head lobe wider than lower head lobe (UHL/LHL= 1.02–1.51,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB1E57AACF0FEB288B552C4" box="[1229,1243,2016,2043]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="388">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 1.18); slightly shorter than postorbital length. Lower lobe of ocular-side opercle wider than upper opercular lobe; posterior margin of lower lobe projecting slightly beyond posterior margin of upper opercular lobe. Snout moderately short, slightly rounded to obliquely blunt anteriorly, its length greater than eye diameter (SNL/ED= 1.39–2.11,
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB2E579ACE1F9B58884543D" box="[1244,1258,231,258]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">x</emphasis>
|
||
=1.62). Dermal papillae present, but not well developed, on blind-side snout. Ocular-side anterior nostril tubular and short, usually not reaching anterior margin of lower eye when depressed posteriorly. Ocular-side posterior nostril a small, rounded tube located on snout just anterior to interorbital space. Blind-side anterior nostril tubular, short, easily distinguishable from dermal papillae; blind-side posterior nostril a shorter and wider, posteriorly-directed, tube situated posterior to vertical at posterior margin of jaws. Jaws long and slightly arched; upper jaw length longer than snout length; posterior margin of upper jaw usually extending to point between verticals through anterior margin of pupil and midpoint of lower eye. Ocular-side lower jaw without fleshy ridge.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB2E579AC4CF88D88C954C8" box="[1137,1191,479,503]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">Chin</collectingCountry>
|
||
depth slightly shorter than, or equal to, snout length. Eyes moderately large and oval, separated by three to four rows of small ctenoid scales in narrow interorbital space. Eyes usually equal in position, or upper eye slightly in advance of lower eye. Pupillary operculum absent. Dorsal-fin origin located at point between verticals through anterior margin of upper eye and anterior margin of pupil of upper eye; predorsal length moderately short. Anteriormost dorsal-fin rays slightly shorter than more posterior fin rays. Scales absent on both sides of dorsal- and anal-fin rays. Pelvic fin moderately long; longest pelvic-fin ray, when extended posteriorly, usually reaching base of first to third anal-fin ray. Posteriormost pelvic-fin ray connected to anal fin by delicate membrane (torn in many specimens). Caudal fin relatively long, with several rows of ctenoid scales on base of fin. Body with numerous, strongly ctenoid scales on both sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" ID-Table-UUID="DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389" targetBox="[151,1435,1031,2006]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" blockId="10.[151,1435,872,1013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB2E579A8AAFA3A8D6B5642" bold="true" box="[151,261,872,893]" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics for the neotype (BSKU 44238) and examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB2E579AC24FA3A889C5641" box="[1049,1266,872,894]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB2E579AC24FA3A889C5641" box="[1049,1266,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including those for the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB2E579A967FADA8E7E56A2" box="[346,528,903,925]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB2E579A967FADA8E7E56A2" box="[346,528,903,925]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NTUM 04564). SL in mm; characters 2–15 in % of SL; 16–23 in % of HL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB2E579A8A2FAE5889156F2" blockId="10.[151,1435,872,1013]" box="[159,1279,951,973]" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
Character
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB2E579AA69FAEA8EC456F2" box="[596,682,952,973]" pageId="10" pageNumber="389" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
NTUM 0 4564 Examined Specimens
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB2E578AB91FAB2894855C8" blockId="10.[151,1435,872,1013]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">n Range Mean ± SD Teeth present and recurved slightly inwards on all jaws, but better developed on blind-side jaws. Ocular-side premaxilla and dentary with single row of sharply pointed, well-developed teeth. Blind-side premaxilla with two to four rows of sharp, recurved teeth. Blind-side lower jaw with three to five rows of well-developed teeth.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB2E579A8A2FD55893452E9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<table id="F911C455FFB21A8CA8AAFD5589F552E9" box="[151,1435,1031,2006]" gridcols="5" gridrows="25" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFD5589F55122" box="[151,1435,1031,1053]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFD558DC15122" box="[151,431,1031,1053]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">1. Standard length</th>
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FD558EFB5122" box="[617,661,1031,1053]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">91.0</th>
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFD558F2D5122" box="[791,835,1031,1053]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">79.9</th>
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFD5588125122" box="[934,1148,1031,1053]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">92 54.7–109.0</th>
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFD5589F55122" box="[1250,1435,1031,1053]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">78.63±10.30</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFD7C89F5517B" box="[151,1435,1070,1092]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFD7C8DC1517B" box="[151,431,1070,1092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">2. Body depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FD7C8EFB517B" box="[617,661,1070,1092]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">26.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFD7C8F2D517B" box="[791,835,1070,1092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">26.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFD7C8812517B" box="[934,1148,1070,1092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">92 24.2–28.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFD7C89F5517B" box="[1250,1435,1070,1092]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">26.29±1.12</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFD0489F55153" box="[151,1435,1110,1132]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFD048DC15153" box="[151,431,1110,1132]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">3. Trunk length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FD048EFB5153" box="[617,661,1110,1132]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">84.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFD048F2D5153" box="[791,835,1110,1132]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">82.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFD0488125153" box="[934,1148,1110,1132]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 80.3–85.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFD0489F55153" box="[1250,1435,1110,1132]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">82.93±1.14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFD2C89F551AB" box="[151,1435,1150,1172]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFD2C8DC151AB" box="[151,431,1150,1172]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">4. Predorsal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FD2C8EFB51AB" box="[617,661,1150,1172]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFD2C8F2D51AB" box="[791,835,1150,1172]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFD2C881251AB" box="[934,1148,1150,1172]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 2.4–4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFD2C89F551AB" box="[1250,1435,1150,1172]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">3.44±0.42</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFDF789F55184" box="[151,1435,1189,1211]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFDF78DC15184" box="[151,431,1189,1211]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">5. Preanal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FDF78EFB5184" box="[617,661,1189,1211]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">22.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFDF78F2D5184" box="[791,835,1189,1211]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">22.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFDF788125184" box="[934,1148,1189,1211]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">91 21.0–25.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFDF789F55184" box="[1250,1435,1189,1211]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">23.44±1.05</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFD9F89F551DC" box="[151,1435,1229,1251]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFD9F8DC151DC" box="[151,431,1229,1251]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">6. Dorsal-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FD9F8EFB51DC" box="[617,661,1229,1251]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">97.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFD9F8F2D51DC" box="[791,835,1229,1251]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">96.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFD9F881251DC" box="[934,1148,1229,1251]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 94.8–97.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFD9F89F551DC" box="[1250,1435,1229,1251]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">96.54±0.47</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFDA789F55034" box="[151,1435,1269,1291]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFDA78DC15034" box="[151,431,1269,1291]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">7. Anal-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FDA78EFB5034" box="[617,661,1269,1291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">77.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFDA78F2D5034" box="[791,835,1269,1291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">77.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFDA788125034" box="[934,1148,1269,1291]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 74.5–79.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFDA789F55034" box="[1250,1435,1269,1291]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">76.53±1.04</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFC4F89F5500C" box="[151,1435,1309,1331]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFC4F8DC1500C" box="[151,431,1309,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">8. Pelvic-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FC4F8EFB500C" box="[617,661,1309,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">8.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFC4F8F2D500C" box="[791,835,1309,1331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFC4F8812500C" box="[934,1148,1309,1331]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">80 5.8–9.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFC4F89F5500C" box="[1250,1435,1309,1331]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">7.54±0.89</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFC1689F55065" box="[151,1435,1348,1370]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFC168DC15065" box="[151,431,1348,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">9. Pelvic to anal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FC168EFB5065" box="[617,661,1348,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFC168F2D5065" box="[791,835,1348,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFC1688125065" box="[934,1148,1348,1370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">84 1.5–4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFC1689F55065" box="[1250,1435,1348,1370]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">3.28±0.75</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFC3E89F550BD" box="[151,1435,1388,1410]" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFC3E8DC150BD" box="[151,431,1388,1410]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">10. Caudal-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FC3E8EFB50BD" box="[617,661,1388,1410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">10.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFC3E8F2D50BD" box="[791,835,1388,1410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFC3E881250BD" box="[934,1148,1388,1410]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">72 10.2–12.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFC3E89F550BD" box="[1250,1435,1388,1410]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.30±0.65</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFCC689F55095" box="[151,1435,1428,1450]" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFCC68DC15095" box="[151,431,1428,1450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11. Head length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FCC68EFB5095" box="[617,661,1428,1450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">17.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFCC68F2D5095" box="[791,835,1428,1450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">19.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFCC688125095" box="[934,1148,1428,1450]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">92 17.4–21.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFCC689F55095" box="[1250,1435,1428,1450]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">19.62±1.02</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFCE989F550EE" box="[151,1435,1467,1489]" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFCE98DC150EE" box="[151,431,1467,1489]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">12. Head width</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FCE98EFB50EE" box="[617,661,1467,1489]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">20.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFCE98F2D50EE" box="[791,835,1467,1489]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">22.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFCE9881250EE" box="[934,1148,1467,1489]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">91 19.0–25.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFCE989F550EE" box="[1250,1435,1467,1489]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">22.04±1.29</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFCB189F550C6" box="[151,1435,1507,1529]" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFCB18DC150C6" box="[151,431,1507,1529]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">13. Postorbital length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FCB18EFB50C6" box="[617,661,1507,1529]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFCB18F2D50C6" box="[791,835,1507,1529]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">12.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFCB1881250C6" box="[934,1148,1507,1529]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">91 11.4–14.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFCB189F550C6" box="[1250,1435,1507,1529]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">13.18±0.73</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFF5989F5531E" box="[151,1435,1547,1569]" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFF598DC1531E" box="[151,431,1547,1569]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">14. Upper head lobe width</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FF598EFB531E" box="[617,661,1547,1569]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">10.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFF598F2D531E" box="[791,835,1547,1569]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">12.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFF598812531E" box="[934,1148,1547,1569]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">89 10.2–14.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFF5989F5531E" box="[1250,1435,1547,1569]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">12.29±0.82</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFF6189F55376" box="[151,1435,1587,1609]" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFF618DC15376" box="[151,431,1587,1609]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">15. Lower head lobe width</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FF618EFB5376" box="[617,661,1587,1609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">9.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFF618F2D5376" box="[791,835,1587,1609]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFF6188125376" box="[934,1148,1587,1609]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">89 8.6–12.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFF6189F55376" box="[1250,1435,1587,1609]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">10.30±0.77</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFF0889F5534F" box="[151,1435,1626,1648]" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFF088DC1534F" box="[151,431,1626,1648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">16. Predorsal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FF088EFB534F" box="[617,661,1626,1648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">16.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFF088F2D534F" box="[791,835,1626,1648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">18.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFF088812534F" box="[934,1148,1626,1648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 12.9–21.87</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFF0889F5534F" box="[1250,1435,1626,1648]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">17.57±2.14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFFD089F553A7" box="[151,1435,1666,1688]" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFFD08DC153A7" box="[151,431,1666,1688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">17. Postorbital length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FFD08EFB53A7" box="[617,661,1666,1688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">67.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFFD08F2D53A7" box="[791,835,1666,1688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">65.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFFD0881253A7" box="[934,1148,1666,1688]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">91 64.0–71.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFFD089F553A7" box="[1250,1435,1666,1688]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">67.10±1.57</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFFF889F553FF" box="[151,1435,1706,1728]" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFFF88DC153FF" box="[151,431,1706,1728]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">18. Snout length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FFF88EFB53FF" box="[617,661,1706,1728]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">18.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFFF88F2D53FF" box="[791,835,1706,1728]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">17.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFFF8881253FF" box="[934,1148,1706,1728]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 17.2–22.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFFF889F553FF" box="[1250,1435,1706,1728]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">18.75±1.22</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFF8089F553D7" box="[151,1435,1746,1768]" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFF808DC153D7" box="[151,431,1746,1768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">19. Upper jaw length</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FF808EFB53D7" box="[617,661,1746,1768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">20.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFF808F2D53D7" box="[791,835,1746,1768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">20.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFF80881253D7" box="[934,1148,1746,1768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 17.2–22.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFF8089F553D7" box="[1250,1435,1746,1768]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">20.28±1.21</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFFA889F5522F" box="[151,1435,1786,1808]" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFFA88DC1522F" box="[151,431,1786,1808]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">20. Eye diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FFA88EFB522F" box="[617,661,1786,1808]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFFA88F2D522F" box="[791,835,1786,1808]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFFA88812522F" box="[934,1148,1786,1808]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">92 9.7–12.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFFA889F5522F" box="[1250,1435,1786,1808]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">11.43±0.64</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFE7389F55208" box="[151,1435,1825,1847]" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFE738DC15208" box="[151,431,1825,1847]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">21. Chin depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FE738EFB5208" box="[617,661,1825,1847]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">19.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFE738F2D5208" box="[791,835,1825,1847]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">16.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFE7388125208" box="[934,1148,1825,1847]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">90 13.9–22.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFE7389F55208" box="[1250,1435,1825,1847]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">17.12±1.84</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFE1B89F55260" box="[151,1435,1865,1887]" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFE1B8DC15260" box="[151,431,1865,1887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">22. Lower opercular lobe</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FE1B8EFB5260" box="[617,661,1865,1887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">29.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFE1B8F2D5260" box="[791,835,1865,1887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">27.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFE1B88125260" box="[934,1148,1865,1887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">88 21.8–32.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFE1B89F55260" box="[1250,1435,1865,1887]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">26.68±2.26</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFE2389F552B8" box="[151,1435,1905,1927]" gridrow="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFE238DC152B8" box="[151,431,1905,1927]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">23. Upper opercular lobe</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FE238EFB52B8" box="[617,661,1905,1927]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">24.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFE238F2D52B8" box="[791,835,1905,1927]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">26.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFE23881252B8" box="[934,1148,1905,1927]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">88 21.0–31.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFE2389F552B8" box="[1250,1435,1905,1927]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">25.65±2.33</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFECA89F55291" box="[151,1435,1944,1966]" gridrow="23" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFECA8DC15291" box="[151,431,1944,1966]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">24. HW/HL</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FECA8EFB5291" box="[617,661,1944,1966]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">1.13</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFECA8F2D5291" box="[791,835,1944,1966]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">1.15</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFECA88125291" box="[934,1148,1944,1966]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">91 1.05–1.28</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFECA89F55291" box="[1250,1435,1944,1966]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">1.12±0.05</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352134B7FFB21A8CA8AAFE9289F552E9" box="[151,1435,1984,2006]" gridrow="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<th id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CA8AAFE928DC152E9" box="[151,431,1984,2006]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">25. Pupil/Eye diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAA54FE928EFB52E9" box="[617,661,1984,2006]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">52.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB2AFE928F2D52E9" box="[791,835,1984,2006]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">52.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CAB9BFE92881252E9" box="[934,1148,1984,2006]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">92 51.1–77.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F05DCBFFB21A8CACDFFE9289F552E9" box="[1250,1435,1984,2006]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="389">61.81±5.96</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFB3E578A8FAF851887A5033" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8FAF8518DD057F3" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578A8FAF8518EE05423" bold="true" box="[199,654,259,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Coloration of fresh-caught specimens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFB3E578AA9CF8568E8B5423" box="[673,741,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[150,1433,240,1346]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[149,1434,221,1349]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker, 1879), ASIZP 72344, female, 77.0 mm SL, off northeast Taiwan. A. Ocular-side pigmentation of freshly-caught specimen. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219998/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body pigmentation generally similar for both sexes at all sizes. Ocular-side background coloration generally straw-colored to dark-brown, usually with 5–11 distinct, wide (covering 4–8 scales), complete or incomplete, dark blackish-brown, crossbands; crossbands not continued onto dorsal and anal fins; some specimens with crossbands faded and indistinct or with uniformly brown pigmentation without crossbands. Anteriormost crossband on body region between opercle and vertical through anus; successive crossbands present on mid-body region to caudal-fin base. External surface of abdominal area usually bluish-black on both sides of body, but sometimes with same general coloration as that of ocular-side body (because darker peritoneal pigment obscured by abdominal wall and not visible externally). Background coloration of ocular-side head generally similar to that on body. Ocular-side snout light yellow. Ocular-side lips and chin region uniformly yellow to brown, margins of lips pigmented with small black chromatophores. Ocular-side anterior nostril brown. Upper aspects of eyes and eye sockets light blue; pupils bluish-black. Outer surface of ocular-side opercle yellow to brown, usually with same background coloration as that of head and body. Inner surface of ocular-side opercle and isthmus unpigmented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FB858DE45608" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Blind side generally white to light yellow with bluish-black peritoneum showing through abdominal musculature. Outer surface of blind-side opercle uniformly white to light yellowish. Inner surface of blind-side opercle unpigmented.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FA168DFE56D3" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Fin rays of dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins uniformly yellow to brown; basal regions of fin rays and membranes covering fin rays light yellow, with diffuse scattering of yellow to brown melanophores covering entire fin membranes on both sides of fins. Dorsal and anal fins throughout their lengths with alternating series of darkly streaked and lightly pigmented fin rays. Basal margins of fin rays and associated fin membranes on blind side light yellow to light brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FAA58EC45168" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578A8F4FAA58EB4512F" bold="true" box="[201,730,1015,1040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Coloration of recently preserved specimens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFB3E578AAD3FAA58F5B5130" box="[750,821,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1966]" captionTargetBox="[203,1331,225,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[203,1371,193,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. A. Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen and Lin, 1984, holotype, NTUM 0 4586, female, 79.9 mm SL, off Dong-Gang, southwest Taiwan. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen. C. Symphurus orientalis, Neotype, BSKU 44238, female, 91.0 mm SL, collected off Kochi, Japan. D. Blind-side coloration of Neotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219999/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Similar to that of freshly-caught fishes. Specimens stored in preservative for decades usually mostly faded and with only remaining pigmentation consisting of the bluish-black eye sockets and black peritoneum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FD31887A5033" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578A8F4FD318E675143" bold="true" box="[201,521,1123,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Size and sexual maturity.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB3E578AA2BFD368EDA5143" box="[534,692,1124,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" type="generic">94 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
range in size from 31.4 to 109.0 mm SL. Females (n = 49;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578A8AAFDD58D26519F" box="[151,328,1159,1184]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.74" metricValueMax="10.34" metricValueMin="3.1399999999999997" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="67.4" valueMax="103.4" valueMin="31.4">31.4–103.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL) and males (n = 45, 33.8–109.0 mm SL) attain similar sizes. Nine females (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578ACFBFDD58905519F" box="[1222,1387,1159,1184]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.445" metricValueMax="7.75" metricValueMin="3.1399999999999997" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="54.45" valueMax="77.5" valueMin="31.4">31.4–77.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL) are immature and show only slight elongation of the ovaries;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB3E578AB78FDFE8FD151FB" box="[837,959,1196,1220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" type="female">40 females</specimenCount>
|
||
ranging in size from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578AC92FDFE891B51FB" box="[1199,1397,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.44" metricValueMax="10.34" metricValueMin="6.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="84.4" valueMax="103.4" valueMin="65.4">65.4 to 103.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL are mature with elongate ovaries, 29 of these (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578AA99FD828F3651D7" box="[676,856,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.44" metricValueMax="10.34" metricValueMin="6.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="84.4" valueMax="103.4" valueMin="65.4">65.4–103.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL) are mature with elongate ovaries, but are nongravid, while another
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB3E578A9B1FDA68E665033" box="[396,520,1268,1292]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" type="female">11 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578AA90FDA68F085033" box="[685,870,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.66" metricValueMax="9.73" metricValueMin="7.59" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="86.6" valueMax="97.3" valueMin="75.9">75.9 to 97.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, are gravid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFB3E57EA8F4FC4589225423" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FC458E8B5337" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578A8F4FC458D0C500F" bold="true" box="[201,354,1303,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578A950FC4A8E0F500F" box="[365,609,1304,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578A950FC4A8E0F500F" box="[365,609,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from voucher specimens taken off the continental shelf and upper continental slope including captures in Japanese waters at Suruga Bay, Tosa Bay, and the Pacific side of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578A8C3FC338D2C5047" box="[254,322,1377,1400]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; also in the East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578A9C1FC328E515047" box="[508,575,1376,1400]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea in the Okinawa Trough; and from several locations off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578ACE7FC3289425047" box="[1242,1324,1376,1400]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
including off I-lan, off northeastern and southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AAB7FCD68EB150A3" box="[650,735,1412,1436]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and in the South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AB93FCD68F9F50A3" box="[942,1009,1412,1436]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea off Dong-Gang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578ACD8FCD6895950A3" box="[1253,1335,1412,1436]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFB3E578AD75FCD689E350A3" box="[1352,1421,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[195,1404,247,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Symphurus orientalis based on specimens examined in this study (indicated by triangles) and reliable literature reports (indicated by stars). Questionable localities in the literature where S. orientalis has been reported to occur are indicated by a question mark (?). Symbols may represent more than one locality and / or more than a single collection from each locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220000/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Based on voucher specimens, this species occurs at depths ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578ABEAFCFA881F50FF" box="[983,1137,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="m" value="360.0" valueMax="520.0" valueMin="200.0">200 to 520 m</quantity>
|
||
throughout its geographic range, with most captures usually occurring between 250 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB3E578AB6BFC9E8FCB50DB" box="[854,933,1484,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578AB6BFC9E8FCF50DB" box="[854,929,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AB90FC9E88F350DB" box="[941,1181,1484,1508]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AB90FC9E88F350DB" box="[941,1181,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is frequently taken on muddy substrata or a mixture of mud-sand substrata.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FF468E0C53A7" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Literature accounts reporting tonguefishes identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AB7DFF478FA65313" box="[832,968,1556,1580]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AB7DFF478FA65313" box="[832,968,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
list this species from a wider geographic range including the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578A941FF6A8D94536F" box="[380,506,1592,1616]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fourmanoir 1985), off mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578ABBBFF6A8FA2536F" box="[902,972,1592,1616]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AC3FFF6B8827536F" box="[1026,1097,1593,1616]" name="South Korea" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and off Vladivostok,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AD77FF6A89F6536F" box="[1354,1432,1592,1616]" name="Russia" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Because of uncertainties involving specimens previously identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AB82FF0F8827534B" box="[959,1097,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AB82FF0F8827534B" box="[959,1097,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reports of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578ACEFFF0F8932534B" box="[1234,1372,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578ACEFFF0F8932534B" box="[1234,1372,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from some of these locations are questionable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB3E578A8F4FFF78F6F5287" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">
|
||
We did not examine the three specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AB04FFF68FD95383" box="[825,951,1700,1724]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
that Fourmanoir (1985) identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578ADBAFFF78D6C53DF" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578ADBAFFF78D6C53DF" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which were taken at similar depths (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB3E578AA97FF9A8F4353DF" box="[682,813,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0949999999999998" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.9899999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" unit="m" value="309.5" valueMax="320.0" valueMin="299.0">299–320 m</quantity>
|
||
) to those occupied by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AC13FF9A88D853DF" box="[1070,1206,1736,1760]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AC13FF9A88D853DF" box="[1070,1206,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Counts he reported for these specimens are at the low ends of ranges of those for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AB5FFFBF8F82523B" box="[866,1004,1772,1796]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AB5FFFBF8F82523B" box="[866,1004,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AC09FFBF881A523B" box="[1076,1140,1773,1796]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AC90FFBE896C523B" box="[1197,1282,1772,1796]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, respectively. Possibly, these specimens are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578A9CEFE428E135217" box="[499,637,1808,1832]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578A9CEFE428E135217" box="[499,637,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, they need to be compared with other specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578A8AAFE668D7B5273" box="[151,277,1844,1868]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
with 12 caudal-fin rays including those that Chabanaud (1955) identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AC9BFE6789065273" box="[1190,1384,1845,1868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AC9BFE6789065273" box="[1190,1384,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and others representing another nominal species of uncertain status that we (Lee & Munroe unpubl. data) have identified among specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB3E578AA79FE2E8F7C52AB" box="[580,786,1916,1940]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Both nominal forms are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB3E578AC95FE2F895E52AB" box="[1192,1328,1916,1940]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB3E578AC95FE2F895E52AB" box="[1192,1328,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="390">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but they differ from it in several of their morphometric features.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB4E57FA8F4F9C5881D5728" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">
|
||
Although several studies (Chu 1931; Sowerby 1930; Wu 1932; Fowler 1934; Li 1987; Lin 1994; Liu 2008) reported the geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA59F9EF8E8155EB" box="[612,751,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA59F9EF8E8155EB" box="[612,751,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to include waters off mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAC50F9EE88DE55EB" box="[1133,1200,188,212]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Bei-Jing and other localities), these records seem doubtful and none are vouchered by specimens. Li and Wang (1995) in their work on flatfishes inhabiting Chinese waters commented that reported captures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FABD4F857881D5423" box="[1001,1139,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FABD4F857881D5423" box="[1001,1139,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAD64F85689F25423" box="[1369,1436,260,284]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
were “suspect.” They, instead, listed the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAB3FF87A8FE7547F" box="[770,905,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAB3FF87A8FE7547F" box="[770,905,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FABF0F87588715400" box="[973,1055,295,319]" name="Taiwan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(based on Chen & Weng 1965) to the eastern part of the Yellow Sea and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAA9AF81F8E85545B" box="[679,747,333,356]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In an extensive study of fishes trawled at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB4E57FAD10F81E8CC354B8" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" unit="m" value="610.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="120.0">120–1100 m</quantity>
|
||
in the East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FA97CF83D8DEA54B8" box="[321,388,367,391]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea between 26° and 33°N latitudes, Chengyu
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAB8AF8238F8254B7" box="[951,1004,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1986) did not report capturing this species, nor have recent collecting efforts off mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAB24F8C68F325493" box="[793,860,404,428]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(X. Kong person. commun.,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFB4E57FAC92F8C689235493" box="[1199,1357,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" value="1927-11">27 November</date>
|
||
, 2009
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FADAEF8C189F25493" bold="true" box="[1427,1436,403,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">)</emphasis>
|
||
collected any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA909F8EA8DDE54EF" box="[308,432,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA909F8EA8DDE54EF" box="[308,432,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the deepwater areas sampled off mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAB84F8E5886E54F0" box="[953,1024,439,463]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Water depths off the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAD64F8E589F254F0" box="[1369,1436,439,463]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
are usually shallower than
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB4E57FA9F3F88E8E7754CB" box="[462,537,476,500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
, and based on what we know concerning depth of capture of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FADBAF88F8D6D5727" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FADBAF88F8D6D5727" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other areas it seems unlikely to find
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAAE0FB528F0A5727" box="[733,868,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAE0FB528F0A5727" box="[733,868,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the waters off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAC14F8AD88015728" box="[1065,1135,511,535]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB4E57FA8F4FB768FB751D7" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">
|
||
Other studies (Mori 1928; Mori & Uchida 1934; Son 1980; Kim & Choi 1994 (based on Son 1980)) record
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FADBAFB778D6D575F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FADBAFB778D6D575F" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off the east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAA13FB158ED05760" box="[558,702,583,607]" name="North Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, or from Korean waters (Kim
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAC2AFB1B8827575F" box="[1047,1097,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005). Reported occurrences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA88BFB3F8D5057BB" box="[182,318,620,644]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA88BFB3F8D5057BB" box="[182,318,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in waters off the east coasts of North and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAB1CFB3E8FC157BB" box="[801,943,620,644]" name="South Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
are questionable because they are based, at least in part, on misidentified specimens. For example, identifications in Kim and Choi (1994) are based on data provided in Ochiai’s (1959) redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA98FBE78F5E57F3" box="[677,816,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA98FBE78F5E57F3" box="[677,816,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes more than one species (see detailed comments below). Kim
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA991FB8B8D8957CF" box="[428,487,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005) in their illustrated book of Korean Fishes record
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAC4AFB8A896F57CF" box="[1143,1281,728,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAC4AFB8A896F57CF" box="[1143,1281,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Korean waters, and provide a brief description with a color photograph of a specimen purported to be this species. However, their description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA9CEFA728E135607" box="[499,637,800,824]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA9CEFA728E135607" box="[499,637,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
follows that of Ochiai (1959), and furthermore, the fish in the color photograph that they identify as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA36FA178EFA5663" box="[523,660,836,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA36FA178EFA5663" box="[523,660,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not that species. No voucher specimens were listed in any of the studies (Son 1980; Kim and Choi 1994; Kim
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAB3FA3B8ED056BF" box="[654,702,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005) reporting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FABBCFA3A886956BF" box="[897,1031,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FABBCFA3A886956BF" box="[897,1031,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Korean waters so it is not now possible to determine if specimens included in those accounts are actually this species. Off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FACEAFADE8906569B" box="[1239,1384,908,932]" name="South Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent areas, such as the Yellow Sea, continental shelf depths are shallower than
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB4E57FAC4AFAFD88A456F7" box="[1143,1226,943,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB4E57FAC4AFAFD88A856F7" box="[1143,1222,943,968]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
These depths are shallower than those typically inhabited by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAAA4FA878F4856D3" box="[665,806,980,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAA4FA878F4856D3" box="[665,806,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB4E57FAB05FA868FEB56D3" box="[824,901,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
and deeper) based on voucher specimens we examined. Most literature (Ochiai 1959; 1963; Amaoka 1982; Sakamoto 1997; Yamada 2000; 2002; Choi
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAD5CFAAB89FB512F" box="[1377,1429,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002) as well as detailed collecting efforts in the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAB3AFD4F8F29510B" box="[775,839,1053,1076]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Yeh 2001; Tian
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAC35FD4F882E510B" box="[1032,1088,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006), the only known deeperwater area off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FA97EFD138DE95167" box="[323,391,1089,1112]" name="South Korea" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA9DDFD128E045167" box="[480,618,1088,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA9DDFD128E045167" box="[480,618,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would most likely be found based on depth of occurrence of voucher specimens we examined, have not reported capturing specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAB8CFD3688435143" box="[945,1069,1124,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAB8CFD3688435143" box="[945,1069,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from these waters nor do they include the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FA9AFFDDB8DBC519F" box="[402,466,1161,1184]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
as a part of the geographic range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FABF6FDDA8833519F" box="[971,1117,1160,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FABF6FDDA8833519F" box="[971,1117,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on the numerous misidentifications of specimens and the lack of documented captures for this species, we conclude that reports of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FADBAFDFF8D6D51D7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FADBAFDFF8D6D51D7" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Korean waters need confirmation with voucher specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB4E57EA8F4FDA689225423" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">
|
||
Several studies (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FA9B3FDA68DB45033" box="[398,474,1268,1292]" name="Jordan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
& Starks 1906;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAA90FDA68E965033" box="[685,760,1268,1292]" name="Jordan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAB38FDA78F535033" box="[773,829,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1913; Okada 1938) record
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FACA6FDA789445033" box="[1179,1322,1268,1292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FACA6FDA789445033" box="[1179,1322,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off Vladivostok based on Schmidt’s (1904) account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAAE5FC4A8F3A500F" box="[728,852,1304,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAE5FC4A8F3A500F" box="[728,852,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from this area. However, this locality record for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA8AAFC6F8D70506B" box="[151,286,1340,1364]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA8AAFC6F8D70506B" box="[151,286,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is doubtful.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FA990FC6E8D96506B" box="[429,504,1340,1364]" name="Jordan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Starks did not examine any specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAC3FFC6F88E7506B" box="[1026,1161,1340,1364]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAC3FFC6F88E7506B" box="[1026,1161,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including the specimen listed by Schmidt (1904). And reports of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA52FC328E995047" box="[623,759,1376,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA52FC328E995047" box="[623,759,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from this location are based only on the specimen listed in Schmidt (1904). However, Schmidt’s account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAAF5FCD68F2B50A3" box="[712,837,1412,1436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAF5FCD68F2B50A3" box="[712,837,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. is problematic because it is based on an
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB4E57FAD76FCD689F250A3" box="[1355,1436,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" unit="mm" value="85.0">85 mm</quantity>
|
||
juvenile specimen in poor condition that is missing most of its scales, has damaged fins with several fin rays broken, and because the description of this specimen includes so little useful diagnostic information that it can not be unequivocally determined even if it is based on a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FABB4FCA2886B5337" box="[905,1029,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FABB4FCA2886B5337" box="[905,1029,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, let alone a specimen that could be positively identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA99BFF478E5E5313" box="[422,560,1556,1580]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA99BFF478E5E5313" box="[422,560,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as suggested by its inclusion in the synonymy and distribution sections of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FA8AAFF658C8C5370" box="[151,226,1591,1615]" name="Jordan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Starks’ (1906) account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA77FF6A8EBD536F" box="[586,723,1592,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA77FF6A8EBD536F" box="[586,723,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Even though Schmidt states that his specimen lacks a lateral line, which is a diagnostic feature for species belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAB6FFF0E8FA0534B" box="[850,974,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAB6FFF0E8FA0534B" box="[850,974,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is possible that Schmidt could have examined a juvenile specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA31FFD28EF753A7" box="[524,665,1664,1688]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Cynoglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA31FFD28EF753A7" box="[524,665,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Cynoglossus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that was missing its scales and thus appeared to lack a lateral line(s). For juvenile specimens of some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAAAEFFF68F4F5383" box="[659,801,1700,1724]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Cynoglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAAEFFF68F4F5383" box="[659,801,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Cynoglossus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that have lost their scales, it is sometimes difficult to determine if they have 0, 1, or 2 lateral lines (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB4E57FAA9DFF958E8253E0" box="[672,748,1735,1759]" name="Jordan" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
& Starks 1906; Munroe unpubl. data). Sowerby (1930), too, thought that Schmidt’s account of a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAAE5FFBE8F3B523B" box="[728,853,1772,1796]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAAE5FFBE8F3B523B" box="[728,853,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off Vladivostok was actually a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA8AAFE428D4A5217" box="[151,292,1808,1832]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Cynoglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA8AAFE428D4A5217" box="[151,292,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Cynoglossus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on information presented in Schmidt’s account of a specimen identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FACF4FE4289285217" box="[1225,1350,1808,1832]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FACF4FE4289285217" box="[1225,1350,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., we can not conclusively rule out the possibility that Schmidt had a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FABCBFE66881C5273" box="[1014,1138,1844,1868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FABCBFE66881C5273" box="[1014,1138,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, if Schmidt had actually examined a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAA31FE0A8EE6524F" box="[524,648,1880,1904]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAA31FE0A8EE6524F" box="[524,648,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we can confirm that this specimen belonged to a species other than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FADBAFE0A8D6D52AB" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FADBAFE0A8D6D52AB" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the reported number of dorsal-fin rays (75), if accurate, is well below the range of dorsal-fin rays observed in our specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FA9D2FEF38E165287" box="[495,632,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FA9D2FEF38E165287" box="[495,632,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(96–101; see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C693034EFFB4E57FAB21FEF28F1E5287" box="[796,880,1952,1976]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,235,709,730]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,794,1796]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 1. Frequency of meristic characters of Symphurus orientalis. Counts for the neotype (BSKU 44238) indicated by an asterisk (*); those of the holotype of S. novemfasciatus (NTUM 04564) indicated by a solid star ()." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" tableUuid="DF6E667DFFB1E57AA8AAFB9788E057C1">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Thus, we conclude that reports of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAD2EFEF389F25287" box="[1299,1436,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAD2EFEF389F25287" box="[1299,1436,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off Vladivostok are suspect, if not erroneous. The record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB4E57FAB9EFE97884052E3" box="[931,1070,1988,2012]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB4E57FAB9EFE97884052E3" box="[931,1070,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="391">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from this area is based on the geographic distribution reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA0BF9CA8EAE558F" box="[566,704,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA0BF9CA8EAE558F" box="[566,704,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that appeared in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB5E57EABB5F9C58FBD5590" box="[904,979,151,175]" name="Jordan" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Starks (1906). This record, in turn, relied on Schmidt’s (1904) report of an unidentified tonguefish specimen that we conclude is not very likely this species, if even a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA39F9B28EEE55C7" box="[516,640,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA39F9B28EEE55C7" box="[516,640,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Records of symphurine tonguefishes from the continental shelf off Vladivostok need updating based on documented catches and reliable identifications of voucher specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFB5E561A8F4F87A8D9D5703" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB5E57EA8F4F87A8DE954F0" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA8F4F87A8D53547F" bold="true" box="[201,317,296,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The original description and illustration of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB5E57EAB4FF8758FBA5400" box="[882,980,295,319]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAC3CF87A88E3547F" box="[1025,1165,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAC3CF87A88E3547F" box="[1025,1165,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Bleeker (1879: 31) clearly indicate that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB5E57EA996F81E8E63545B" box="[427,525,332,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(and only specimen) is a symphurine tonguefish characterized by 12 caudal-fin rays and a banded pigmentation pattern. At the time of its description,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAB82F822882754B7" box="[959,1097,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAB82F822882754B7" box="[959,1097,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was differentiated from other described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA942F8C68D925493" box="[383,508,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA942F8C68D925493" box="[383,508,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its unique combination of number of dorsal- and anal-fin rays, scale counts and pigmentation pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB5E57EA8F4F88E88D95607" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">
|
||
While the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA7AF88F8EBF54CB" box="[583,721,476,500]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA7AF88F8EBF54CB" box="[583,721,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
contained sufficient information to diagnose this species from other described symphurine tonguefishes known at the time of its discovery, information contained in the original description has since proven inadequate to differentiate this from other similar nominal species described or discovered subsequent to Bleeker’s study. Also, because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAB2AFB1A8FF1575F" box="[791,927,584,608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAB2AFB1A8FF1575F" box="[791,927,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was known only from a single specimen, the range in values for diagnostically important morphological features were unknown for the species, and this uncertainty has undoubtedly contributed to the inadequate redescriptions of this nominal species appearing in works of subsequent ichthyologists. Further compounding this difficulty is the subsequent loss of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB5E57EAD07FBE689F257F3" box="[1338,1436,692,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA915FB8A8DC157CF" box="[296,431,728,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA915FB8A8DC157CF" box="[296,431,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has eliminated any possibilities of knowing additional diagnostic characters (i.e., ID pattern, vertebral counts) about Bleeker’s nominal species that would facilitate more detailed comparisons with other tonguefishes that have similar features to those reported for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB5E57EAB9CFA4D886D5608" box="[929,1027,799,823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAC15FA7288C15607" box="[1064,1199,800,824]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAC15FA7288C15607" box="[1064,1199,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB5E57EA8F4FA1688D750FF" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">
|
||
Matsubara’s (1955) identification key provided a wide range of meristic counts and morphometric measurements for specimens purported to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA96FA3A8F5856BF" box="[683,822,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA96FA3A8F5856BF" box="[683,822,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ochiai’s (1959; 1963) redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAD2CFA3A89F256BF" box="[1297,1436,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAD2CFA3A89F256BF" box="[1297,1436,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
followed the information provided in Matsubara (1955), but Ochiai’s study is more detailed and also provides catalogue numbers of the examined specimens. This is the primary reason that his redescription (Ochiai 1959; 1963) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA8C2FA878DE956D3" box="[255,391,980,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA8C2FA878DE956D3" box="[255,391,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been widely cited as an authoritative work on this species and data from that study have often been repeated in subsequent reports of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA82FAAA8F20512F" box="[703,846,1016,1040]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA82FAAA8F20512F" box="[703,846,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from western Pacific localities. However, recent discoveries (Lee & Munroe unpubl. data) of several additional nominal species in the western Pacific region that have some similarities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA9E4FD128E045167" box="[473,618,1088,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA9E4FD128E045167" box="[473,618,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reveal that Ochiai’s redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAC00FD1288A05167" box="[1085,1230,1088,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAC00FD1288A05167" box="[1085,1230,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
likely combined morphological data for this species as well as that for one or more of these other nominal species. In continental shelf waters off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB5E57EA96AFDDB8DF4519F" box="[343,410,1161,1184]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, two nominal species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAAFFFDDA8F51519F" box="[706,831,1160,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAAFFFDDA8F51519F" box="[706,831,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
featuring 12 caudal-fin rays (same number as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EADBAFDDA8D6C51FB" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EADBAFDDA8D6C51FB" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but with fewer meristic features than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAB6FFDFF8FB151FB" box="[850,991,1196,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAB6FFDFF8FB151FB" box="[850,991,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[in fact, more similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EADBAFDFF8DCC51D7" authority="Weber" authorityName="Weber" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microrhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EADBAFDFF8D5351D7" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. microrhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
(Weber)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see Munroe & Marsh 1997], have recently been discovered (Lee & Munroe unpubl. data). Meristic data for one or both of these species were likely included in the key appearing in Matsubara (1955) and in the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA9BFFC4A8E63500F" box="[386,525,1304,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA9BFFC4A8E63500F" box="[386,525,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Ochiai (1959; 1963) as evidenced by the wide ranges reported for several meristic features observed for these specimens (dorsal-fin rays 86–100, anal-fin rays 74–86, longitudinal scales 81–87). In contrast, specimens we identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA94FC328F5E5047" box="[681,816,1376,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA94FC328F5E5047" box="[681,816,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in our study, which represent specimens from localities spanning a wide geographic range, including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB5E57EAAA4FCD78EB250A3" box="[665,732,1413,1436]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, have a much narrower, and higher range of values for dorsal- (96–101) and anal-fin rays (82–89), as well as different counts for longitudinal scales (87–99).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB5E57EA8F4FC9E8CA35272" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">
|
||
Chen and Weng (1965) recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA77FC9F8EBB50DB" box="[586,725,1484,1508]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA77FC9F8EBB50DB" box="[586,725,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Taiwanese waters. However, their report of this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB5E57EA8E8FCA28D495337" box="[213,295,1520,1544]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
is questionable because their redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAB0CFCA28FD75337" box="[817,953,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAB0CFCA28FD75337" box="[817,953,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicates that specimens they identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA8AAFF478D4C5313" box="[151,290,1556,1580]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA8AAFF478D4C5313" box="[151,290,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have 15 caudal-fin rays, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAA92FF478F575313" box="[687,825,1556,1580]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA92FF478F575313" box="[687,825,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically has only 12 caudal-fin rays (Bleeker 1879; Munroe 1992; this study). Unfortunately, specimens examined by Chen and Weng (1965) are lost, precluding possibilities of confirming whether the caudal-fin ray counts reported by Chen and Weng were in error. However, of the many specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA9E5FFD28E3A53A7" box="[472,596,1664,1688]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA9E5FFD28E3A53A7" box="[472,596,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that we have examined, we have not found any specimens of species characterized by having 12 caudal-fin rays that had either 14 or 15 caudal-fin rays. We think that specimens examined by Chen and Weng were actually other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAB73FF9A8FA453DF" box="[846,970,1736,1760]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAB73FF9A8FA453DF" box="[846,970,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EAC0AFF9A8C9E523B" authority="Krabbenhoft and Munroe" authorityName="Krabbenhoft and Munroe" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bathyspilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAC0AFF9A88BA53DF" box="[1079,1236,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. bathyspilus</emphasis>
|
||
Krabbenhoft and Munroe
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA926FFBF8EAB523B" authority="Lee et al. (2009b)" authorityName="Lee" authorityYear="2009" box="[283,709,1772,1796]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA926FFBF8D88523B" box="[283,486,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. multimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
Lee
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EAA19FFBF8E36523B" box="[548,600,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009b)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species, which occur in Taiwanese waters (Lee unpubl. data), differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA95FFE428D845217" box="[354,490,1808,1832]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA95FFE428D845217" box="[354,490,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having 14 caudal-fin rays, but are similar in their counts of dorsal- and anal-finrays.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB5E57DA8F4FE0B8867545B" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">
|
||
In 1984, Shen and Lin (1984) described another nominal tonguefish species from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB5E57EAD1DFE05891B5250" box="[1312,1397,1879,1903]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EADBAFE0A8D2D52AB" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EADBAFE0A8D2D52AB" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on two specimens featuring 12 caudal-fin rays and an ocular-side pigmentation pattern with nine crossbands. Perhaps misled by the erroneous caudal-fin ray counts reported earlier in Chen and Weng (1965) for specimens purported to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB5E57EA9C6FE978EE852E3" box="[507,646,1988,2012]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB5E57EA9C6FE978EE852E3" box="[507,646,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="392">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Taiwanese waters, Shen and Lin (1984) did not compare their specimens with those of Chen and Weng, nor did they diagnose or compare their specimens with Bleeker’s description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA900F9EF8DA955EB" box="[317,455,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA900F9EF8DA955EB" box="[317,455,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DAA04F9EF8E1255EB" box="[569,636,189,212]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Neither did they compare their specimens with those included in the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA972F9B28DB855C7" box="[335,470,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA972F9B28DB855C7" box="[335,470,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Ochiai (1959). In a later study, Shen (1984) mentioned some similarity between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAF9B28D2A5423" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAF9B28D2A5423" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the “closely related”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA59F8578F4C5423" box="[612,802,261,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA59F8578F4C5423" box="[612,802,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but none of the other subsequent studies dealing with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAF8578D2A547F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAF8578D2A547F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Shen 1993; Lin 1994) compared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAACFF87A8FAC547F" box="[754,962,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAACFF87A8FAC547F" box="[754,962,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAC2CF87A88CE547F" box="[1041,1184,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAC2CF87A88CE547F" box="[1041,1184,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or any of the other previously-named species in this species complex (see further remarks below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB6E57DA8F4F8228F335010" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">
|
||
Because of the many similarities between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAAFDF8228F2254B7" box="[704,844,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAAFDF8228F2254B7" box="[704,844,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABB0F822883454B7" box="[909,1114,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABB0F822883454B7" box="[909,1114,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the status of this nominal species needed to be evaluated to determine if it is distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABFFF8C7883F5493" box="[962,1105,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABFFF8C7883F5493" box="[962,1105,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Variations in meristic and morphometric features of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFB6E57DA9FCF8E58E3254F0" box="[449,604,439,463]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" type="generic">92 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAAB8F8EA8F6154EF" box="[645,783,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAAB8F8EA8F6154EF" box="[645,783,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected from different locations ranging from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DAD00F8EA891354F0" box="[1341,1405,440,463]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Dong-Gang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DA911F88E8DEF54CB" box="[300,385,476,500]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DAA14F88E8E1054CB" box="[553,638,476,500]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off Ping-tung, southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DABEEF88E884B54CB" box="[979,1061,476,500]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB6E57DACF3F88F889054CA" box="[1230,1278,477,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAF88F8D2D5727" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAF88F8D2D5727" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and from the South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DAA06F8AD8E105728" box="[571,638,511,535]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea were slight and no clinal trends in morphological variation were evident among these specimens. Detailed comparisons of the morphology and pigmentation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB6E57DACC0FB7689315703" box="[1277,1375,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAFB778D2A575F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAFB778D2A575F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFB6E57DA96FFB158DAB5760" box="[338,453,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1966]" captionTargetBox="[203,1331,225,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[203,1371,193,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. A. Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen and Lin, 1984, holotype, NTUM 0 4586, female, 79.9 mm SL, off Dong-Gang, southwest Taiwan. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen. C. Symphurus orientalis, Neotype, BSKU 44238, female, 91.0 mm SL, collected off Kochi, Japan. D. Blind-side coloration of Neotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219999/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Fig. 2A, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B) with those from this larger series of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAC2DFB1A88F9575F" box="[1040,1175,584,608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAC2DFB1A88F9575F" box="[1040,1175,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reveal nearly complete overlap between the two nominal species in many features. Several important diagnostic characters, such as ID pattern or vertebral counts, could not be determined in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB6E57DAB0EFBDD8FFB5798" box="[819,917,655,679]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAB81FBC288EB5797" box="[956,1157,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAB81FBC288EB5797" box="[956,1157,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because its skeleton has decalcified (precluding observing these features from a radiograph). Meristic features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DACA1FBE7890657F3" box="[1180,1384,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DACA1FBE7890657F3" box="[1180,1384,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that overlap those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA969FB8A8DB357CF" box="[340,477,728,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA969FB8A8DB357CF" box="[340,477,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include fin-ray (caudal-fin rays
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DAB76FB858FEB57D0" box="[843,901,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
both species; dorsal-fin rays 101 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DAD17FB8589F257D0" box="[1322,1436,727,751]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5019" metricValueMax="2.5654" metricValueMin="2.4384" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="98.5" valueMax="101.0" valueMin="96.0">96–101 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA8AAFBAF8D4F562B" box="[151,289,764,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA8AAFBAF8D4F562B" box="[151,289,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; anal-fin rays 88 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DAA26FBAE8EEE562B" box="[539,640,764,788]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1717" metricValueMax="2.2606" metricValueMin="2.0827999999999998" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="85.5" valueMax="89.0" valueMin="82.0">82–89 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAAB7FBAF8F7A562B" box="[650,788,764,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAAB7FBAF8F7A562B" box="[650,788,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and scale counts (longitudinal rows 94 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DAD25FBAE8913562B" box="[1304,1405,764,788]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3622" metricValueMax="2.5146" metricValueMin="2.2098" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="93.0" valueMax="99.0" valueMin="87.0">87–99 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAFBAF8D6C5607" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAFBAF8D6C5607" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; transverse scales 39 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DAA26FA4D8E135608" box="[539,637,799,823]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0032999999999999" metricValueMax="1.0668" metricValueMin="0.9398" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="39.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="37.0">37–42 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAAB9FA728F645607" box="[644,778,800,824]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAAB9FA728F645607" box="[644,778,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Likewise, proportions of many morphometric features of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB6E57DA8FEFA168D4B5663" box="[195,293,836,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA96FFA178E705663" box="[338,542,836,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA96FFA178E705663" box="[338,542,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lie within ranges of those features recorded for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAC6BFA17888E5663" box="[1110,1248,836,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAC6BFA17888E5663" box="[1110,1248,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C693034EFFB6E57DACCEFA1689235663" box="[1267,1357,836,860]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,235,872,893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1031,2006]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphometrics for the neotype (BSKU 44238) and examined specimens of Symphurus orientalis, including those for the holotype of S. novemfasciatus (NTUM 04564). SL in mm; characters 2 – 15 in % of SL; 16 – 23 in % of HL." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" tableUuid="DF6E667DFFB2E579A8AAFA3A897956A2">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Both nominal species have a relatively deep body (BD of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAB24FA3A8F8656BF" box="[793,1000,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAB24FA3A8F8656BF" box="[793,1000,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= 26.8% SL vs. 24.2–28.8 % in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAFA3A8D6C569B" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAFA3A8D6C569B" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), both have their preanal lengths shorter than their body depths (PAL 22.5% SL vs. 21–25.6% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAFADF8D6C56F7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAFADF8D6C56F7" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), both have a moderately short and wide head, with the head width just slightly less than the body depth and much greater than their head length (HW/HL = 1.15 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DAB7DFA868FA356D3" box="[832,973,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9591000000000003" metricValueMax="3.2512000000000003" metricValueMin="2.6670000000000003" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="1.165" valueMax="1.28" valueMin="1.05">1.05–1.28 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABE9FA87883356D3" box="[980,1117,980,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABE9FA87883356D3" box="[980,1117,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Other similarities between the two species include the width of the upper head lobe compared with that of the lower head lobe (UHL/LHL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DA8AAFD4E8C8B510B" box="[151,229,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7686" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="1.09">1.09 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA8D1FD4F8DDB510B" box="[236,437,1052,1076]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA8D1FD4F8DDB510B" box="[236,437,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFB6E57DA9DEFD4E8E1F510B" box="[483,625,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2131" metricValueMax="3.8354" metricValueMin="2.5908" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" unit="in" value="1.265" valueMax="1.51" valueMin="1.02">1.02–1.51 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA45FD4F8E91510B" box="[632,767,1052,1076]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA45FD4F8E91510B" box="[632,767,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), shape and size of their short snouts (SNL 17.4% HL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAFD4F8D2A5167" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAFD4F8D2A5167" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. 17.2–22.1% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA11FD128ED95167" box="[556,695,1088,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA11FD128ED95167" box="[556,695,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and their small eyes (ED 11.3% HL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAC99FD12891C5167" box="[1188,1394,1088,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAC99FD12891C5167" box="[1188,1394,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. 9.7–12.6% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA90EFD378DD45143" box="[307,442,1124,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA90EFD378DD45143" box="[307,442,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Additionally, these two nominal species have similar coloration. Ocular-side coloration was one feature that Shen and Lin (1984) considered diagnostic for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABA7FDDA880D519F" box="[922,1123,1160,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABA7FDDA880D519F" box="[922,1123,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among its congeners. They considered the nine ocular-side crossbands of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAAA6FDFF8F0A51FB" box="[667,868,1196,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAAA6FDFF8F0A51FB" box="[667,868,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a unique, diagnostically important, character for this species. However, Bleeker (1879) had much earlier indicated a banded coloration pattern for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAD30FD8289FB51D7" box="[1293,1429,1232,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAD30FD8289FB51D7" box="[1293,1429,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and we also found that many specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA46FDA78F6C5033" box="[635,770,1268,1292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA46FDA78F6C5033" box="[635,770,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from across the geographic range of this species, including southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DA8C3FC458D3D5010" box="[254,339,1303,1327]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, feature 5–11 crossbands on their ocular sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB6E57DA8F4FC6F88705273" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">
|
||
To gain better understanding of the genetic divergence among tonguefishes that we identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAD30FC6F89FB506B" box="[1293,1429,1340,1364]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAD30FC6F89FB506B" box="[1293,1429,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including those from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFB6E57DA98CFC338D8F5046" box="[433,481,1377,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA5EFC328F455047" box="[611,811,1376,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA5EFC328F455047" box="[611,811,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we compared partial sequences of COI and 16S rRNA between specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DA9EFFCD78E7C50A3" box="[466,530,1413,1436]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DAAE9FCD68F4450A3" box="[724,810,1412,1436]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Genetic divergence among individuals from these widespread locations was shallow for both genes (only 0.12% K2P distance in the 16S and 0.22% K2P distance in the COI sequence data). If
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA9E8FC9F8ECC50DB" box="[469,674,1484,1508]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA9E8FC9F8ECC50DB" box="[469,674,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABB7FC9F887A50DB" box="[906,1044,1484,1508]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABB7FC9F887A50DB" box="[906,1044,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, much greater genetic divergence would be expected between these taxa. Ward
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAAA8FCA38EA95337" box="[661,711,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2005; 2009), for example, suggested that, in fishes, an average K2P distance of less than 0.4% is within the range of variation expected within a species. The amount of divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA9B0FF6A8E31536F" box="[397,607,1592,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA9B0FF6A8E31536F" box="[397,607,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA9BFF6A8F58536F" box="[678,822,1592,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA9BFF6A8F58536F" box="[678,822,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(16S:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABAEFF6A880A536F" box="[915,1124,1592,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABAEFF6A8FCF5370" box="[915,929,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAB8AFF6A880A536F" box="[951,1124,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 0.30% K2P distance,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DADBAFF6A8D6C534B" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DADBAFF6A8D6C534B" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 0.13%; COI:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DA992FF0F8E14534B" box="[431,634,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA992FF0F8DD3534B" box="[431,445,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DA9F0FF0E8E14534B" box="[461,634,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 0.26% K2P distance,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DABB9FF0F8860534B" box="[900,1038,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DABB9FF0F8860534B" box="[900,1038,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 0.27%) and between the nominal species (16S: 0.21% K2P distance, COI: 0.26%) is similar to that expected for populations within a species. Such shallow genetic divergence observed for populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAB1BFFF78FDC5383" box="[806,946,1700,1724]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAB1BFFF78FDC5383" box="[806,946,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicates a lack of structure among these widespread populations (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DA993FF9A8E6C53DF" box="[430,514,1736,1760]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DAA04FF9A8E1353DF" box="[569,637,1736,1760]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
), a finding which further supports the hypothesis that these populations belong to one panmictic species. Furthermore, the N-J trees (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFB6E57DAB71FFBE8FD9523B" box="[844,951,1772,1796]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="16.[151,250,1835,1858]" captionStartId-1="17.[151,250,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1405,219,1802]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1432,219,1808]" captionTargetId-0="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetId-1="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Neighbor-joining tree (part) from partial 16 S rRNA gene sequence of species of Symphurus. Numbers above nodes indicate bootstrap values for 10000 replications." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Neighbor-joining tree (part) from partial COI gene sequence of species of Symphurus. Numbers above nodes indicate bootstrap value for 10000 replications." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/220001/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/220002/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
) constructed from both the 16S rRNA and COI sequence data also show this lack of structure between populations representing these two nominal species and also indicate that these individuals are members of the same genetic lineage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB6E57DA8F4FE0A8D6B52E2" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">
|
||
Based on nearly complete overlap in morphological features and the low amount of genetic divergence among specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DA96AFE2F8DF952AB" box="[343,407,1917,1940]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFB6E57DA9EEFE2E8E4652AB" box="[467,552,1916,1940]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, all evidence indicates that only one species is represented by this material. These data strongly support recognizing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAA4CFEF38F1A5287" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" box="[625,884,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAA4CFEF38E935287" box="[625,765,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB6E57DAB82FEF388E55287" box="[959,1163,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB6E57DAB82FEF388E55287" box="[959,1163,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="393">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as its junior subjective synonym.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFB7E57CA8AAFE6D8DD1528E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220000/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="394" targetBox="[195,1404,247,1777]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFB7E57CA8AAFE6D8DD1528E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1855,1969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="394">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB7E57CA8AAFE6D8D7F526A" bold="true" box="[151,273,1855,1878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="394">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB7E57CAA7AFE6D8F4B526A" box="[583,805,1855,1877]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="394" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB7E57CAA7AFE6D8F4B526A" box="[583,805,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="394">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on specimens examined in this study (indicated by triangles) and reliable literature reports (indicated by stars). Questionable localities in the literature where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFB7E57CACF9FE0D8950524B" box="[1220,1342,1886,1908]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="394" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFB7E57CACF9FE0D8950524B" box="[1220,1342,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="394">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported to occur are indicated by a question mark (?). Symbols may represent more than one locality and/or more than a single collection from each locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFA8E563A8AAFE798EAF525F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220001/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="395" targetBox="[167,1405,219,1802]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFA8E563A8AAFE798EAF525F" blockId="16.[151,1435,1835,1888]" pageId="16" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFA8E563A8AAFE798D7E527E" bold="true" box="[151,272,1835,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="395">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Neighbor-joining tree (part) from partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFA8E563AC45FE7E8887527D" box="[1144,1257,1836,1858]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="395" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFA8E563AC45FE7E8887527D" box="[1144,1257,1836,1858]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="395">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Numbers above nodes indicate bootstrap values for 10000 replications.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E667DFFA9E562A8AAFE638E185258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220002/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" targetBox="[167,1432,219,1808]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFA9E562A8AAFE638E185258" blockId="17.[151,1436,1841,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFA9E562A8AAFE638D615278" bold="true" box="[151,271,1841,1864]" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Neighbor-joining tree (part) from partial COI gene sequence of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFA9E562AC09FE6088CB5277" box="[1076,1189,1842,1864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFA9E562AC09FE6088CB5277" box="[1076,1189,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="396">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Numbers above nodes indicate bootstrap value for 10000 replications.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFAAE561A8F4F9C58FAC5493" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||
Given the long history of confusion regarding the taxonomic status and identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AC54F9CA889E558F" box="[1129,1264,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AC54F9CA889E558F" box="[1129,1264,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is necessary to designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561A902F9EF8DF655EA" box="[319,408,189,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
to stabilize the nomenclature of this nominal species. Since the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ADBAF9EF8D1A55C8" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ADBAF9EF8D6D55C7" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on a specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AAF8F9B28F6655C8" box="[709,776,224,247]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the following specimen is designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561AD3AF9B2890E55C7" box="[1287,1376,224,248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ADBAF9B28D125423" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ADBAF9B28D6D5423" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bleeker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: BSKU 44238 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A70FFAAE561AA01F8568EE75423" box="[572,649,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1966]" captionTargetBox="[203,1331,225,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[203,1371,193,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. A. Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen and Lin, 1984, holotype, NTUM 0 4586, female, 79.9 mm SL, off Dong-Gang, southwest Taiwan. B. Blind-side coloration of same specimen. C. Symphurus orientalis, Neotype, BSKU 44238, female, 91.0 mm SL, collected off Kochi, Japan. D. Blind-side coloration of Neotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219999/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 2D): 91.0 mm SL; mature (not gravid) female; collected by
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561ADBDF85689F65423" box="[1408,1432,260,284]" name="Iceland" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Okamura,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1035FFAAE561A930F87A8D115400" box="[269,383,295,319]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" value="1987-11">Nov 1987</date>
|
||
, from Tosa Bay off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AA62F8758ECD5400" box="[607,675,295,319]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
at a depth between 300 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD7CFFAAE561ABDEF875885F5400" box="[995,1073,295,319]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561ABDEF87588435400" box="[995,1069,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Meristic features of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561AD7EF87A89F2547F" box="[1347,1436,296,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are: 1–2–2–2–2 ID pattern; 12 caudal-fin rays; 98 dorsal-fin rays; 87 anal-fin rays; 9(3+6) abdominal vertebrae; 54 total vertebrae; 4 hypurals; 94 longitudinal scales; 39 transverse scales; and 20 scale rows on the head from the posterior margin of its lower orbit to the posterior margin of the opercle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFAAE561A8F4F8E58D9D5703" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8F4F8E58D0154EF" bold="true" box="[201,367,439,464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
Among Indo-Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA5FF8EA8EB054EF" box="[610,734,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA5FF8EA8EB054EF" box="[610,734,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ABB5F8EA886154EF" box="[904,1039,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ABB5F8EA886154EF" box="[904,1039,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ACADF8EA893754EF" box="[1168,1369,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ACADF8EA893754EF" box="[1168,1369,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), five other named species also feature 12 caudal-fin rays (Alcock 1891; Alcock 1896; Weber 1913; Chabanaud 1955; Chabanaud 1957). Of these, only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA33FB528EA25727" box="[526,716,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA33FB528EA25727" box="[526,716,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AAE4FB528F065727" box="[729,872,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AAE4FB528F065727" box="[729,872,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AB9BFB52886E5727" box="[934,1024,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AB9BFB52886E5727" box="[934,1024,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have similar fin-ray and/or vertebral counts to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A959FB778D825703" box="[356,492,548,572]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A959FB778D825703" box="[356,492,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFAAE560A8F4FB1A882955C8" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFAAE561A8F4FB1A8DD251FB" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8F4FB1A8D9E575F" box="[201,496,584,608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8F4FB1A8D9E575F" box="[201,496,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Symphurus septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from relatively few specimens collected in deep waters (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561ACCDFB15891D5760" box="[1264,1395,583,607]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="495.0" valueMax="730.0" valueMin="260.0">260–730 m</quantity>
|
||
) of the Indian Ocean including the Andaman Sea, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AAD7FB3E8F3357BB" box="[746,861,620,644]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Laccadive</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea off Colombo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AC7CFB3E88D857BB" box="[1089,1206,620,644]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and in the Gulf of Mannar (Alcock 1891; 1896; and 1899, respectively). Opportunities to directly study the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561AC4AFBC288DC5797" box="[1143,1202,656,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and other specimens of this species curated at the Zoological Survey of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AAC9FBE68F4057F3" box="[756,814,692,716]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
were not available to us. Nor is there any published information on morphological features of this species for any other specimens from Indian Ocean localities beyond counts and measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561AA39FBAE8E08562B" box="[516,614,764,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(Norman 1928; Munro 1955). Records of this species and accompanying morphological data from specimens collected at localities beyond these Indian Ocean locations (e.g., the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561A8AAFA168D775663" box="[151,281,836,860]" name="Philippines" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
; in Chabanaud (1955)) may be that for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AAE1FA178FF55663" box="[732,923,837,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AAE1FA178FF55663" box="[732,923,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but these specimens require further study to determine their identity (Lee & Munroe unpubl. data). We do, however, have a photograph of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561AD25FA3589145640" box="[1304,1402,871,895]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8AAFADE8DC5569B" box="[151,427,908,932]" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Aphoristia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8AAFADE8DC5569B" box="[151,427,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Aphoristia septemstriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which provides some useful comparative information on this species. Based on our data,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8AAFAE28D7156F7" box="[151,287,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8AAFAE28D7156F7" box="[151,287,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A988FAE28E1D56F7" box="[437,627,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A988FAE28E1D56F7" box="[437,627,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having more anal-fin rays (82–89 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561AC7CFAFD881456F8" box="[1089,1146,943,967]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="80.0">80 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ACBFFAE2892F56F7" box="[1154,1345,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ACBFFAE2892F56F7" box="[1154,1345,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and its upper head lobe is larger than the lower head lobe (UHL/LHL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561AB5BFA868F9C56D3" box="[870,1010,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2131" metricValueMax="3.8354" metricValueMin="2.5908" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="1.265" valueMax="1.51" valueMin="1.02">1.02–1.51 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ABC4FA87881156D3" box="[1017,1151,980,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ABC4FA87881156D3" box="[1017,1151,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. UHL/LHL <1.0 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ADBAFA878D57512F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ADBAFA878D57512F" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The snout of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A9D5FAAA8E1F512F" box="[488,625,1016,1040]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A9D5FAAA8E1F512F" box="[488,625,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rounded or obliquely blunt anteriorly versus pointed and narrower in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8AAFD4F8D3B510B" box="[151,341,1053,1076]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8AAFD4F8D3B510B" box="[151,341,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the migrated eye has a more medial position compared with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ACB6FD4F8927510B" box="[1163,1353,1053,1076]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ACB6FD4F8927510B" box="[1163,1353,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has the migrated eye located closer to the dorsal margin of the head. Shen (1984) had noted a difference in number of ocular-side crossbands between his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA70FD378F765143" box="[589,792,1124,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA70FD378F765143" box="[589,792,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AB7CFD378FA45143" box="[833,970,1124,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AB7CFD378FA45143" box="[833,970,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AC30FD3788A25143" box="[1037,1228,1125,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AC30FD3788A25143" box="[1037,1228,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, when a larger series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A96EFDDA8D8F519F" box="[339,481,1160,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A96EFDDA8D8F519F" box="[339,481,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are examined this apparent difference does not exist as the two species overlap completely in this feature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFAAE561A8F4FD828F505313" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8F4FD828DAA51D7" box="[201,452,1232,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8F4FD828DAA51D7" box="[201,452,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Symphurus luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another nominal species of western Pacific deepwater tonguefish described from a single specimen that was collected off Luzon
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AA9BFDA68E835033" box="[678,749,1268,1292]" name="Iceland" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AAC6FDA68F175033" box="[763,889,1268,1292]" name="Philippines" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Chabanaud 1955). Chabanaud (1955) reported that this specimen had 10 abdominal vertebrae and 52 total vertebrae and thus only diagnosed his species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ADBAFC4A8D5F506B" authority="Weber" authorityName="Weber" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ADBAFC4A8CB1506B" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. regani</emphasis>
|
||
Weber
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species that has 10 abdominal vertebrae and a similar number of total vertebrae. A radiograph of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561A8FFFC328D4A5047" box="[194,292,1376,1400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A970FC328DB15047" box="[333,479,1376,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A970FC328DB15047" box="[333,479,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, reveals that this species actually has 9 abdominal and 53 total vertebrae, and an ID pattern and fin-ray counts that are more similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ABF1FCD7897C50A3" authority="Munroe 1992" authorityName="Munroe" authorityYear="1992" box="[972,1298,1412,1436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ABF1FCD7883950A3" box="[972,1111,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Munroe 1992)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AD22FCD68D6D50FF" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AD22FCD68D6D50FF" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A9A1FCFA8E4150FF" box="[412,559,1448,1472]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A9A1FCFA8E4150FF" box="[412,559,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having more scales in a transverse row (37–42 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561ACA2FCFA88B450FF" box="[1183,1242,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.636" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="34.0">34 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ACDEFCFA891850FF" box="[1251,1398,1448,1472]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ACDEFCFA891850FF" box="[1251,1398,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a deeper body (BD 24.2–28.8% SL vs. 22.1% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA9EFC9F8F5D50DB" box="[675,819,1484,1508]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA9EFC9F8F5D50DB" box="[675,819,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a wider upper opercular lobe (OPUL 21.0–31.4% HL vs. 18.9% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A911FCA28DD25337" box="[300,444,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A911FCA28DD25337" box="[300,444,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), larger HW/HL ratio (HW/HL = 1.05–1.28 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561ABE3FCBD88435338" box="[990,1069,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5146" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="0.99">0.99 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AC09FCA288A85337" box="[1076,1222,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AC09FCA288A85337" box="[1076,1222,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and its dorsal-fin origin is located more anteriorly than is that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA9AFF478F595313" box="[679,823,1556,1580]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA9AFF478F595313" box="[679,823,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFAAE560A8F4FF6A882955C8" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1435,151,248]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8F4FF6A8E7A5370" authority="Chabanaud" authorityName="Chabanaud" box="[201,532,1591,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8F4FF6A8DE0536F" box="[201,398,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Symphurus fallax</emphasis>
|
||
Chabanaud
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another poorly-known nominal species described from a small (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561AD2CFF65890D5370" box="[1297,1379,1591,1615]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL), damaged,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561A92FFF0E8D1A534B" box="[274,372,1628,1652]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, which was collected at
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561AB1AFF0E8F18534B" box="[807,886,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.97" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="397.0">397 m</quantity>
|
||
off Kei
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561ABD6FF0E885C534B" box="[1003,1074,1628,1652]" name="Iceland" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFAAE561AC7BFF0E88DD534B" box="[1094,1203,1628,1652]" name="Indonesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Weber 1913). No photograph or illustration accompanied the original description of this nominal species (Chabanaud 1957), nor was any provided in Weber’s (1913) or Weber and de Beaufort’s (1929) accounts of the specimen, which they referred to as an unidentified species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA35FF9A8E1053DF" box="[520,638,1736,1760]" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Aphoristia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA35FF9A8E1053DF" box="[520,638,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Aphoristia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AA94FF9A8F4B53DF" box="[681,805,1736,1760]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AA94FF9A8F4B53DF" box="[681,805,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively. Further compounding problems with the identity of this nominal species is that Chabanaud did not return the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFAAE561ABEFFFBE885A523B" box="[978,1076,1772,1796]" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
to the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam’s fish collection (Eschmeyer 2012). Thus, the only information on this species is that contained in the original description. Of interest is that in the description, Chabanaud did not differentiate his nominal species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A8AAFE0A8D4A524F" box="[151,292,1880,1904]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A8AAFE0A8D4A524F" box="[151,292,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, despite the fact that based on our assessments his species was morphologically similar to this congener, especially with respect to the numbers of caudal-fin rays. We found only minor differences in meristic features between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A963FEF38D895287" box="[350,487,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A963FEF38D895287" box="[350,487,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and those reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AACEFEF38F3F5287" box="[755,849,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AACEFEF38F3F5287" box="[755,849,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(dorsal-fin rays
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561AC32FEF288EC5287" box="[1039,1154,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5019" metricValueMax="2.5654" metricValueMin="2.4384" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="98.5" valueMax="101.0" valueMin="96.0">96–101 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ACB7FEF3897D5287" box="[1162,1299,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ACB7FEF3897D5287" box="[1162,1299,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B10FFAAE561AD79FEF289115287" box="[1348,1407,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="95.0">95 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561ADBAFEF38CB952E3" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561ADBAFEF38CB952E3" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561A927FE978DCD52E3" box="[282,419,1988,2012]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561A927FE978DCD52E3" box="[282,419,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a slightly deeper body (BD 24.2–28.8% SL vs. 22.0% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFAAE561AC53FE9788A252E3" box="[1134,1228,1988,2012]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFAAE561AC53FE9788A252E3" box="[1134,1228,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="397">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Otherwise, little else differentiates these nominal species, a finding which questions the validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AC71F9CA88C4558F" box="[1100,1194,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC71F9CA88C4558F" box="[1100,1194,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Before arriving at a taxonomic decision regarding the status of this nominal species, more specimens from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFABE560ACADF9EF88AE55EA" box="[1168,1216,189,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality are needed to determine if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A97EF9B28DF155C7" box="[323,415,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A97EF9B28DF155C7" box="[323,415,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is valid and distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AAF9F9B28F2555C7" box="[708,843,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AAF9F9B28F2555C7" box="[708,843,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560ABBFF9B2882E55C7" box="[898,1088,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ABBFF9B2882E55C7" box="[898,1088,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B657EFFABE567A8AAF8198FA85168" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFABE560A8AAF8198D7B545B" blockId="19.[151,277,331,356]" box="[151,277,331,356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A8AAF8198D7B545B" bold="true" box="[151,277,331,356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFABE560A8AAF8C78F8957BB" blockId="19.[151,1437,404,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">
|
||
Most problems regarding the taxonomic status of many nominal, deep-water species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560ACB6F8C689665493" box="[1163,1288,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ACB6F8C689665493" box="[1163,1288,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in Indo-Pacific waters are due to the limited amount and overall poor condition of many of the study specimens, incomplete and insufficient descriptions, and by an overall similarity in phenetic features among several of these nominal species (Munroe 1992; Munroe & Amaoka 1998; Munroe & Hashimoto 2008).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560ACB2FB5289EF5727" box="[1167,1409,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ACB2FB5289EF5727" box="[1167,1409,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Symphurus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is now known from a comparatively large number (over 100) of preserved specimens identified by a consistent set of diagnostic features. Results of this study provide robust morphological data, a detailed description, and updated information on the geographic and bathymetric distributions of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFABE560A8F4FBDD8DC2519F" blockId="19.[151,1437,404,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">
|
||
This study also resolves the taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AB3DFBC2881F5798" authority="Shen and Lin" authorityName="Shen and Lin" box="[768,1137,655,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AB3DFBC28FA55797" box="[768,971,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
Shen and Lin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as it was shown that this nominal species is invalid based on the nearly complete overlap in morphological and pigmentation features between it and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A97EFB8A8DA457CF" box="[323,458,728,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A97EFB8A8DA457CF" box="[323,458,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In recent years, molecular tools (Tautz
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ABACFB8B8FA457CF" box="[913,970,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003) including DNA barcoding (Hebert
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A8AAFBAF8CBF562B" box="[151,209,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003) and knowledge about DNA sequences have become more common in helping to resolve taxonomic problems involving closely-related species. With respect to most taxonomic groups, including some tonguefishes (Tunnicliffe
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A91EFA178D355663" box="[291,347,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010), studies of DNA sequences have revealed that estimates of biodiversity at the species level that are based on morphological characters actually underestimate the real diversity represented among the specimens (see also Hebert
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A9EDFADF8E67569B" box="[464,521,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004; Ward
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AAA1FADF8EBB569B" box="[668,725,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008; Teletchea 2009; Tornabene
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC66FADF88FA569B" box="[1115,1172,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010). Molecular tools have been especially valuable in discovering cryptic species present among specimens previously considered to represent only a single nominal species. Cryptic species show only minor differences in morphology, and these minor differences are largely ignored as insignificant features useful for identification. Among tonguefishes, one example of cryptic species was found among allopatric populations occurring on seamounts in the Pacific Ocean when Tunnicliffe
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A95EFD138DF05167" box="[355,414,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010) observed large genetic divergence in partial 16S rRNA (9.0%) and COI (14.2%) gene sequences between populations that had previously (Munroe & Hashimoto 2008) been considered as one species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A8C8FDDA8DCB519F" box="[245,421,1160,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thermophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A8C8FDDA8DCB519F" box="[245,421,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. thermophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFABE560A8F4FDFF88EF5337" blockId="19.[151,1437,404,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">
|
||
In light of these findings, we tested the hypothesis that two nominal species might be represented among specimens we studied:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A9A0FD828E4851D7" box="[413,550,1232,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A9A0FD828E4851D7" box="[413,550,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which inhabits marine waters from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFABE560ABFFFD83886C51D7" box="[962,1026,1233,1256]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the Pacific side of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFABE560ACC0FD82893C51D7" box="[1277,1362,1232,1256]" name="Taiwan" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and a second, cryptic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A996FDA78E1B5033" box="[427,629,1268,1292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A996FDA78E1B5033" box="[427,629,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a more limited and allopatric distribution in the region of Dong- Gang, South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFABE560A906FC4A8D10500F" box="[315,382,1304,1328]" name="China" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea. This hypothesis seemed plausible because these nominal species share so many similarities in their morphological features and pigmentation, but are geographically separated. The slight genetic divergences we found between populations hypothesized to represent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AB8CFC3288155047" box="[945,1147,1376,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AB8CFC3288155047" box="[945,1147,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AC89FC3289525047" box="[1204,1340,1376,1400]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC89FC3289525047" box="[1204,1340,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both in the partial 16S (0.21% K2P distance) and COI (0.26% K2P distance) gene sequences, indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560ADBAFCD78D2A50FF" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ADBAFCD78D2A50FF" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should not be considered a cryptic species. Rather, based on these results, close genetic similarity among these geographically separated populations (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFABE560AB20FC9E8F1F50DB" box="[797,881,1484,1508]" name="Taiwan" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFABE560ABFFFC9E886D50DB" box="[962,1027,1484,1508]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
) supports conclusions based on morphological data that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A995FCA28E1E5337" box="[424,624,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A995FCA28E1E5337" box="[424,624,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560ABCEFCA288155337" box="[1011,1147,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ABCEFCA288155337" box="[1011,1147,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFABE560A8F4FF468D715217" blockId="19.[151,1437,404,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">
|
||
Despite improvements in our understanding of morphological and genetic variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AC8EFF4789535313" box="[1203,1341,1556,1580]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC8EFF4789535313" box="[1203,1341,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a large need still remains for more reliable information on several important biological aspects of this species including its geographic and bathymetric distributions, diet, reproduction, life history demographics, microhabitat preferences, population density, and spatial distribution. Better definition of the species concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AC69FFD288B553A7" box="[1108,1243,1664,1688]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC69FFD288B553A7" box="[1108,1243,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and an improved understanding of the morphological variation within populations of this species should lead to more reliable identification of specimens of this and related species in the future. In turn, this should lead to improvements in data documenting its bathymetric and geographic distributions and should provide better insight into the ecology of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFABE567A8F4FE67886F5423" blockId="19.[151,1437,404,2013]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,284]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">
|
||
From a systematics perspective on the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AAC0FE668F175273" box="[765,889,1844,1868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AAC0FE668F175273" box="[765,889,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, now that the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AC8DFE67892E5273" box="[1200,1344,1844,1868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC8DFE67892E5273" box="[1200,1344,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560ADBAFE678D2A524F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novemfasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560ADBAFE678D2A524F" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. novemfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been critically evaluated and resolved, the task of validating the status of similar, nominal species and other populations of Indo-West Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AAD9FE2E8F0E52AB" box="[740,864,1916,1940]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AAD9FE2E8F0E52AB" box="[740,864,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">Symphurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can begin. Questions still abound considering the status and identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560A9B7FEF38E745287" box="[394,538,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560A9B7FEF38E745287" box="[394,538,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AA6EFEF38EC15287" box="[595,687,1952,1976]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AA6EFEF38EC15287" box="[595,687,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are known only from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFABE560ABC3FEF2880E5287" box="[1022,1120,1952,1976]" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens. It remains to be determined how many other Indo-West Pacific species, together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AB96FE97885C52E3" box="[939,1074,1988,2012]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AB96FE97885C52E3" box="[939,1074,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFABE560AC56FE97894452E3" box="[1131,1322,1989,2012]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFABE560AC56FE97894452E3" box="[1131,1322,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="398">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, compose the species complex whose members are characterized by a 1–2–2–2–2 ID pattern, 12 caudal-fin rays and high meristic features. Further expeditions, both to locations where specimens of rare and poorly-known species were originally collected and also to those areas that have never been sampled, are needed to provide additional specimens to resolve the systematic problems surrounding these tonguefishes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFACE567A8AAF83D8D1C54B7" blockId="20.[151,370,367,392]" box="[151,370,367,392]" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFACE567A8AAF83D8D1C54B7" bold="true" box="[151,370,367,392]" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Acknowledgments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36F5FFACE567A8AAF8E58FA85168" blockId="20.[151,1437,439,1112]" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">
|
||
This work represents a portion of a collecting activities grant investigating the biodiversity and systematics of deep-sea fishes in Taiwanese waters supported by the National Science Council (NSC 96–2628–B–0 0 1–0 0 6–MY3 and NSC 99–2621–B–0 0 1–0 0 8–MY3) and awarded to K.-T. Shao, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica. We thank H.-M. Yeh, Coastal and Offshore Resource Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, who kindly provided trawl station data from research vessels. H.-C. Ho, P.-F. Lee,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567ABC4FB15887E5760" box="[1017,1040,583,607]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
.-C. Liao and L.-P. Lin assisted with collecting specimens and kindly provided other specimens used in this study. K.-C. Hsu advised M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567AD76FB3F890F57BB" box="[1355,1377,621,644]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee regarding molecular aspects of this research study. A. Collins, NSL, kindly provided information and helpful editorial suggestions regarding molecular approaches used in this study. L.-P. Lin and C.-W. Chang assisted with loans and shipments of specimens. M. Nizinski provided assistance and support during M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567AC8BFB8A88A257D0" box="[1206,1228,728,751]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee’s visit to the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. H. Endo, N. Nakayama, and R. Asaoka provided assistance and support during M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567AA30FA738E4D5607" box="[525,547,801,824]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee’s visit to the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567ACEBFA4D89745608" box="[1238,1306,799,823]" name="India" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
University. They also provided two important fresh specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFACE567AACFFA178F175663" box="[754,889,836,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFACE567AACFFA178F175663" box="[754,889,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">S. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567AB83FA178F905663" box="[958,1022,837,860]" name="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
to help with molecular comparisons. K. Matsuura and G. Shinohara provided loan of Suruga Bay specimens during M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567AC09FA3B882456BF" box="[1076,1098,873,896]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee’s visit to the Department of Zoology, National Science Museum. K. Murphy (USNM) assisted with specimen and catalogue information. K. Nakaya, Hokkaido University, provided the photograph of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8857FFACE567ABAFFAFD8F9A56F8" box="[914,1012,943,967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="399" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D76FFACE567AC14FAE2888156F7" box="[1065,1263,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynoglossidae" genus="Symphurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAE7FFACE567AC14FAE2888156F7" box="[1065,1263,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">S. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. K. Vinnikov, University of Hawaii at Manoa, graciously provided translations of Russian literature. L. Willis, NMFS-NSL, assisted with literature. H.-M. Chen provided comments on an early draft of the manuscript. M.-
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067665FFACE567ACF0FAAB888D512F" box="[1229,1251,1017,1040]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="399">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lee extends his appreciation to all members of the Laboratory of Fish Ecology and Evolution for their support, especially H. Lee for helping to draw the distribution map and assistance during this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |