553 lines
70 KiB
XML
553 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="ABDE6977D69E049C6E359DA20D5995D8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.277174" ID-GBIF-Dataset="18da0afb-302a-4912-9e86-fbbdebc414a6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="277174" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460276239814" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise, Dettai, Agnès, Eleaume, Marc, Cruaud, Corinne & Ameziane, Nadia" docDate="2011" docId="03B887B6FFB6FFFDFF62175DFE42FCE4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02817p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2817" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Styelidae Monniot, Dettai, Eleaume, Cruaud & Ameziane, 2011, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FF81FFCEFFACFFDCFFF5151AFFFFFFB4" masterDocTitle="Antarctic Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French-Australian survey CEAMARC in Terre Adélie" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698248467327" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="44C9AA0B15B65ABCFE1159DA37BC4187">
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<mods:title id="62B99F6E9EEE17EB12C56F47AED3BD1D">Antarctic Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French-Australian survey CEAMARC in Terre Adélie</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="830BA8990889F998B9444D8EBF634BE2">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E9458984547909D6432FCCD3FD82AAB7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="71AFCE2E60A96E636EAAE1E57CC0F239">Dettai, Agnès</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BBD4BAE3A1E80E2C8C93267364ADF78B">Eleaume, Marc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7D6D09AF78DFE66EEB83BCFB9AB5E830">Cruaud, Corinne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E8BF116E212F2DACBE2BD4B3AB4B62D">Ameziane, Nadia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="65B7FF8004D78EFFC3F3A4B1B86062FB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF485177C1437468A822FCA00131500E">
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<mods:date id="7F49DF5B9A442DBBB1901CA39E08A35F">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AF496887CB4360E732D3E669CBD5B248">2817</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="921C251413863D77FBB701EA70ECEB41" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.277174</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="824F95080DABC20E7975AC4A22126AAB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B887B6FFB6FFFDFF62175DFE42FCE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6187348" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119396067" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6187348" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887B6FFB6FFFDFF62175DFE42FCE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887B6FFB6FFFDFF62175DFE42FCE4" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C30B652BFFB6FFC0FF62175DFE77FD13" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB6FFC6FF62175DFEF9FDD5" blockId="26.[151,262,583,609]" box="[151,262,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D0E681CCFFB6FFC6FF62175DFEF9FDD5" bold="true" box="[151,262,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB6FFC6FF62175DFEF9FDD5" box="[151,262,583,609]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB6FFC6FF62175DFEF9FDD5" bold="true" box="[151,262,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Styelidae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB6FFC6FF621794FEB5FD7D" blockId="26.[151,660,654,713]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB6FFC6FF621794FDB1FD1C" authority="Monniot" authorityName="Monniot" box="[151,590,654,680]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acanthifera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB6FFC6FF621794FDB1FD1C" bold="true" box="[151,590,654,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB6FFC6FF621794FE23FD1C" bold="true" box="[151,476,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cnemidocarpa acanthifera</emphasis>
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Monniot
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657C9FFB6FFC6FDA01794FD6BFD1C" box="[597,660,654,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB6FFC6FF6B17ABFEBDFD7D" box="[158,322,689,713]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 17" captionStart-1="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="26.[151,250,1704,1727]" captionStartId-1="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId-0="figure@26.[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetId-1="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId-0="26" captionTargetPageId-1="27" captionText-0="FIGURE 17. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, siphonal spinules; B, holotype. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/277186/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figures 17–18</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB6FFC6FF6217E3FE9AFCA5" blockId="26.[151,357,761,785]" box="[151,357,761,785]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Station 80:
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<specimenCount id="9D17FD29FFB6FFC6FEE217E3FE9AFCA5" box="[279,357,761,785]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4CE99B45FFB6FFC6FEE217E3FE9EFCA5" box="[279,353,761,785]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="820.0">820 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB6FFC6FF62165BFDB1FCED" blockId="26.[151,590,833,857]" box="[151,590,833,857]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ethymology: in Greek acantha = spine.</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF6E6628FFB6FFC6FF6213B2FACFF90B" box="[151,1328,1704,1727]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277186/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" targetBox="[151,1436,910,1683]" targetPageId="26">
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB6FFC6FF6213B2FACFF90B" blockId="26.[151,1328,1704,1727]" box="[151,1328,1704,1727]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB6FFC6FF6213B2FEE0F90A" bold="true" box="[151,287,1704,1727]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB6FFC6FED013B3FDC8F90B" box="[293,567,1705,1727]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acanthifera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB6FFC6FED013B3FDC8F90B" box="[293,567,1705,1727]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cnemidocarpa acanthifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657C9FFB6FFC6FDC813B0FD8BF90B" box="[573,628,1706,1727]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A, siphonal spinules; B, holotype. Scale bars: A = 30µm; B = 5mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB6FFC7FF6213F1FAC6FEA8" blockId="26.[151,1437,1771,2011]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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The
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<typeStatus id="54AA8802FFB6FFC6FF3F13F1FED3F8B7" box="[202,300,1771,1795]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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fixed in alcohol,
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<quantity id="4CE99B45FFB6FFC6FE0413F1FDBFF8B7" box="[497,576,1771,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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in body length, has a short narrow peduncle ending in rhizoids (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB6FFC6FAE113F1FA99F8B7" box="[1300,1382,1771,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, siphonal spinules; B, holotype. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277186/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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B), a naked tunic, except a belt of tunic filaments at 1/3 of the body length at the base of the siphons (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB6FFC6FB1D1215FAC3F893" box="[1256,1340,1807,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, siphonal spinules; B, holotype. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277186/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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B). Both siphons are long, close to each other with a cross-shaped opening. Thicker on the siphons, the tunic is paper-like elsewhere and adheres to the body wall. The internal lining and the external surface of the siphons are covered with dense spinules. The spinules (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB6FFC6FE101261FDCAF827" box="[485,565,1915,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,910,1683]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, siphonal spinules; B, holotype. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277186/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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A) are 120 µm long and sharp reminding of those of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB6FFC6FB441261FAEBF827" box="[1201,1300,1915,1939]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pyuridae</taxonomicName>
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family. The body wall (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB6FFC6FEEC1285FE94F803" box="[281,363,1951,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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C) is entirely filled with dense transverse and longitudinal muscle fibres regularly distributed. Few short oral tentacles (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB6FFC6FE5A12D9FE00F86F" box="[431,511,1987,2011]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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B) in two orders of size are inserted at the base of a thick blade; this membrane has minute folds resulting in a scalloped image (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB7FFC7FD71158DFD29FF1B" box="[644,726,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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B). The dorsal tubercle is erect in a protruding button with a circular opening (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB7FFC7FECA15A6FE6FFF60" box="[319,400,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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B). The branchial sac was partly extruded through a hole of the body wall. The dorsal lamina is tall and smooth edged. There are 4 low branchial folds on each side, but the distinction between the vessels belonging to the folds and the intermediate vessels is not obvious. A tentative formula on the right side is:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB7FFC7FF321432FD79FE8B" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,320]" box="[199,646,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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E- 4 –
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB7FFC7FEE7143DFEDFFEF4" bold="true" box="[274,288,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">8</emphasis>
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– 6
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB7FFC7FEA41432FE8BFEF4" bold="true" box="[337,372,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">– 8</emphasis>
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–
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<date id="FFAF1060FFB7FFC7FE65143DFDD9FEF4" box="[400,550,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1914-05-09" valueMax="1914-05-05" valueMin="1914-05-09">
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5 -
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB7FFC7FE40143DFE3CFEF4" bold="true" box="[437,451,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">9</emphasis>
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– 5 –
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB7FFC7FDFF143DFDD9FEF4" bold="true" box="[522,550,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">14</emphasis>
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</date>
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-6 –DL.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF6E6628FFB7FFC7FF621280FAFEF805" box="[151,1281,1946,1969]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" targetPageId="27">
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB7FFC7FF621280FAFEF805" blockId="27.[151,1281,1946,1969]" box="[151,1281,1946,1969]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB7FFC7FF621280FEE0F804" bold="true" box="[151,287,1946,1969]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB7FFC7FED01281FDC8F805" box="[293,567,1947,1969]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acanthifera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB7FFC7FED01281FDC8F805" box="[293,567,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cnemidocarpa acanthifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657C9FFB7FFC7FDB11286FD8BF805" box="[580,628,1948,1969]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A= 5mm; B, neural area.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF32158DFDC7FE40" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,679]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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There are 4 long stigmata per mesh between the folds. Thin transverse vessels cross the stigmata and in some parts cut them into two rows. The digestive tract (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB0FFC0FD3415A6FCF0FF60" box="[705,783,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
AC) is located in the posterior part of the left body side. A short tubular oesophagus enters in a globular stomach, internally folded. The primary intestinal loop is short and closed. The secondary loop forms a right angle and ends in a lobed anus. The intestine is linked to the oesophagus by a bridle at the level of the secondary intestinal curve. There are 2 sinuous elongated gonads on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB0FFC0FA9B143DFF4EFED0" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
AC).The testis lobes line the central ovary on both sides. The sperm duct runs along the internal side of the ovary ending in a protruding papilla erect above a short apical oviduct. The endocarps are not numerous: on the right side two of them are between the gonads and 4 others more posteriorly; on the left side there is one endocarp on each side of the most posterior gonad and 2 smaller ones posterior to the gut (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB0FFC0FC4C14ADFBF7FE7B" box="[953,1032,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
AC). The atrial aperture begins with a ring of filiform papillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB0FFC0FE3614C6FDEBFE40" box="[451,532,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,401,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,375,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 18. Cnemidocarpa acanthifera n. sp. A, C, body ventrally opened, scale bar A = 5 mm; B, neural area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277187/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF3214E5FB34FDEB" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,679]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The elongate body shape, the gut and the gonads remind the structure of the tropical species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FB00171AFE81FD88" authority="Kott, 1985" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1985" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FB00171AFF07FD88" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cnemidocarpa aculeata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FEF4173FFE81FD88" author="Kott" box="[257,382,548,572]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Kott, P. (1985) The Australian ascidiacea Part I, Phlebobranchia ans Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 23, 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter differs in having sessile apertures, no peduncle, no spinules and more branchial sinuses on the folds. The geographic and bathymetric distances also lead to separate the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF321776FE77FD13" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,679]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The sequence for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8802FFB0FFC0FE361776FDDAFD30" box="[451,549,620,644]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(S1 CNE 231) is deposited in BOLD under ASCAN032-10. No close hit in BOLD (best: 78.8%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B652BFFB0FFFDFF6217E6FE42FCE4" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF6217E6FD5AFCA2" blockId="28.[151,677,764,790]" box="[151,677,764,790]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FF6217E6FD5AFCA2" authority="Hartmeyer, 1911" authorityName="Hartmeyer" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,677,764,790]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drygalskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FF6217E6FE38FCA2" bold="true" box="[151,455,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cnemidocarpa drygalskii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FE2317E6FD62FCA2" author="Hartmeyer" box="[470,669,764,790]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Hartmeyer, R. (1911) Die Ascidien der deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition, 12 (4), 225 - 392." type="journal article" year="1911">Hartmeyer, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF621658FBCEFCC3" blockId="28.[151,1436,834,887]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01118EFFB0FFC0FF621658FBCEFCC3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FF621658FDBAFCEC" ID-CoL="55KQ9" authority="Hartmeyer, 1911: 452" authorityName="Hartmeyer" authorityPageNumber="452" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,581,834,856]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Tethyum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drygalskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FF621658FEA6FCEC" box="[151,345,834,856]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tethyum drygalskii</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FE941659FDBAFCEC" author="Hartmeyer" box="[353,581,834,856]" page="452" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1911">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FE941659FDEFFCEC" author="Hartmeyer" box="[353,528,835,856]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Hartmeyer, R. (1911) Die Ascidien der deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition, 12 (4), 225 - 392." type="journal article" year="1911">Hartmeyer, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 452
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FDA51658FBB5FCEC" authority="Monniot C. 1978: 190" authorityName="Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="1978" box="[592,1098,834,856]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drygalskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FDA51658FCAAFCEC" box="[592,853,834,856]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cnemidocarpa drygalskii</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FC911658FBB5FCEC" author="Monniot" box="[868,1098,834,856]" page="190" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1978">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FC911658FBE7FCEC" author="Monniot" box="[868,1048,834,856]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Monniot, C. (1978) Ascidies Phlebobranches et Stolidobranches du sud de l'ocean Indien. Annales de l'institut Oceanographique, 54, 171 - 224." type="journal article" year="1978">Monniot C. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 190
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
figs 3D, 8.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FB3C1658FED9FCC3" author="Monniot" page="69" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FB3C1658FF05FCC3" author="Monniot" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 69
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
fig. 13C, D, and synonymy.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FDBE1678FC45FCC3" author="Sanamyan" box="[587,954,865,887]" page="1850" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FDBE1678FC85FCC3" author="Sanamyan" box="[587,890,866,887]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Sanamyan, K. E. & Sanamyan, N. P. (1999) Some benthic Tunicata from the southern Indo-Pacific Ocean. Journal of Natural History, 33, 1835 - 1876." type="journal article" year="1999">Sanamyan & Sanamyan 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1850
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; 2002: 341.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF6216BEFEAAFC08" blockId="28.[151,341,932,956]" box="[151,341,932,956]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Station: 65(322).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF6216F6FBF8FA90" blockId="28.[151,1437,1004,1388]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Of the two collected specimens one is in better condition,
|
||
<date id="FFAF1060FFB0FFC0FCB116F6FC60FBB0" box="[836,927,1004,1028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1915-10-24">
|
||
24 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B45FFB0FFC0FC7616F6FC60FBB0" box="[899,927,1004,1028]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="15.0">15</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
mm, with a reticulated surface. The sessile siphons are well separated the body wall is thin. Twenty longer tentacles are intercalated with shorter ones. The dorsal tubercle in a C opens to the left side, inserted in a deep V of the peripharyngeal band. In its anterior part the dorsal lamina has a dented edge, farther its height increases and takes a plain edge. The most dorsal of the 4 branchial folds is thicker. Six to 8 longitudinal vessels were counted between the folds and an average of 3 stigmata in a mesh. The stomach has longitudinal folds, 8 to 9 were seen on its internal side. No gastric caecum was found. The long rectum ends in a lobed anus. The long and sinuous gonad on each side has testis follicles lying beneath the ovary. The gonoducts are joined and long, they reach the base of the atrial opening. Numerous foliated endocarps only cover the half ventral side of the body and are present inside the gut loop.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF32102AFABEFAD8" blockId="28.[151,1437,1004,1388]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
One sequence for specimen S1 CNE 227 (BOLD: ASCAN033-10). No close hit in BOLD (best: 80.73%).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FF32104FFEA8FAD8" box="[199,343,1364,1388]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drygalskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FF32104FFEA8FAD8" box="[199,343,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. drygalskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recorded from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067630FFB0FFC0FDBD104EFD4FFAD8" box="[584,688,1364,1388]" name="Antarctica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sub-Antarctic regions with a large bathymetric range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF6210A5FD1EFA6E" blockId="28.[151,737,1471,1498]" box="[151,737,1471,1498]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FF6210A5FD1EFA6E" authority="Michaelsen, 1898" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,737,1471,1498]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordenskjoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FF6210A5FE09FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,502,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cnemidocarpa nordenskjoldi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FDF010DAFD27FA6E" author="Michaelsen" box="[517,728,1472,1498]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1898) Vorlaufige Mitteilung uber einige Tunicaten aus dem Magalhaensischen Gebeit sowie von Sud Geogien. Zoologische Anzeiger, 21, 363 - 372." type="journal article" year="1898">Michaelsen, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF62131DFD8CF98F" blockId="28.[151,1436,1542,1595]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01118EFFB0FFC0FF62131DFD8CF98F" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FF62131DFDA3F9A8" authority="Michaelsen, 1898: 565" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="565" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,604,1542,1565]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordenskjoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FF62131DFE94F9A9" box="[151,363,1543,1565]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Styela nordenskjoldi,</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FE87131CFDA3F9A8" author="Michaelsen" box="[370,604,1542,1564]" page="565" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FE87131CFDD5F9A8" author="Michaelsen" box="[370,554,1542,1564]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1898) Vorlaufige Mitteilung uber einige Tunicaten aus dem Magalhaensischen Gebeit sowie von Sud Geogien. Zoologische Anzeiger, 21, 363 - 372." type="journal article" year="1898">Michaelsen, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 565
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB0FFC0FD93131DFBB8F9A8" authority="Millar 1960: 101" authorityName="Millar" authorityPageNumber="101" authorityYear="1960" box="[614,1095,1542,1565]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordenskjoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB0FFC0FD93131DFC72F9A9" box="[614,909,1543,1565]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cnemidocarpa nordenskjoldi</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FC6E131CFBB8F9A8" author="Millar" box="[923,1095,1542,1564]" page="101" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FC6E131CFBE8F9A8" author="Millar" box="[923,1047,1542,1564]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Reports, 30, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fig. 36A, C,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB0FFC0FB38131DFEABF98F" author="Monniot" page="70" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FB38131DFECEF98F" author="Monniot" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">D. Monniot & Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
fig. 13 A, B and synonymy.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF62137DFEE8F9CB" blockId="28.[151,279,1639,1663]" box="[151,279,1639,1663]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Station: 35.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB0FFC0FF6213B5FD32F870" blockId="28.[151,1436,1711,1988]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Hemispherical,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B45FFB0FFC0FEBD13B5FE67F973" box="[328,408,1711,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, the single specimen was attached by a flat base. The apertures are distant from 1/3 of the body width. The strong tunic is granulated. The body wall is very muscular in the anterior part and posteriorly becomes thin without muscles. The oral tentacles are very numerous. The dorsal tubercle opens in a C to the left side. The dorsal lamina is a high blade. Four large folds are on each side of the branchial sac. The gut is only linked to the body wall by thin ligaments. The stomach has no caecum. The long intestine ends in a lobed anus. The digestive loop overpasses the ventral line toward the right body side. A long gonad lies on each side of the body, lined with 8 to 10 endocarps, as drawn by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB0FFC0FD80129DFBE4F82B" author="Monniot" box="[629,1051,1927,1951]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Monniot & Monniot (1983
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB0FFC0FC5E129DFC06F82B" box="[939,1017,1927,1951]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1985,2008]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1964]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. Branchial tissues: A, Ascidia challengeri; B, Ascidia meridionalis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277184/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
A)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The whole internal surface of the atrial velum is covered with long filiform papillae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF32158DFDCDFF43" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,247]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
All the observed characters of this single specimen correspond to previous descriptions;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FB5B1582FA97FF04" box="[1198,1384,152,176]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordenskjoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FB5B1582FA97FF04" box="[1198,1384,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. nordenskjoldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was only recorded from the Magellan region and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067630FFB1FFC1FD5415A6FCA4FF60" box="[673,859,188,212]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Falkland Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
at low depth. Its presence in Terre Adélie widely increases its geographic distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF621456FEE9FE32" blockId="29.[151,659,332,390]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FF621456FD6CFED2" authority="Michaelsen, 1898" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,659,332,358]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pfefferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FF621456FE56FED2" bold="true" box="[151,425,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cnemidocarpa pfefferi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FE4D1456FD74FED2" author="Michaelsen" box="[440,651,332,358]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1898) Vorlaufige Mitteilung uber einige Tunicaten aus dem Magalhaensischen Gebeit sowie von Sud Geogien. Zoologische Anzeiger, 21, 363 - 372." type="journal article" year="1898">Michaelsen, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FF6B1474FEF2FE32" box="[158,269,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,216,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Cnemidocarpa pfefferi: Body ventrally opened scale bar = 1 cm; B, gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277188/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF6214ADFCFDFE5E" blockId="29.[151,1436,438,491]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01118EFFB1FFC1FF6214ADFCFDFE5E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FF6214ADFDE2FE78" authority="Michaelsen, 1918: 367" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="367" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,541,438,461]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pfefferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FF6214ADFED4FE79" box="[151,299,439,461]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Styela pfefferi,</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB1FFC1FEC414ACFDE2FE78" author="Michaelsen" box="[305,541,438,460]" page="367" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1918">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FEC414ACFE15FE78" author="Michaelsen" box="[305,490,438,460]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1918) Die Ptychobranchien und Diktyobranchien Ascidien des Westlichen Indischen Ozeans. Mitteilungen aus dem naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 35, 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="1918">Michaelsen, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 367
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FDDD14ADFC34FE78" authority="Millar 1960: 100" authorityName="Millar" authorityPageNumber="100" authorityYear="1960" box="[552,971,438,461]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pfefferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FDDD14ADFCF1FE79" box="[552,782,439,461]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cnemidocarpa pfefferi</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB1FFC1FCE814ACFC34FE78" author="Millar" box="[797,971,438,460]" page="100" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FCE814ACFC64FE78" author="Millar" box="[797,923,438,460]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Reports, 30, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 100
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fig. 35A, B,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB1FFC1FBA614ADFA63FE78" author="Monniot" box="[1107,1436,438,460]" page="69" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FBA614ADFA81FE78" author="Monniot" box="[1107,1406,438,460]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">C. Monniot & Monniot 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:69
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
and synonymy; 1994: 32.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB1FFC1FE3B14CFFD01FE5E" author="Primo" box="[462,766,469,491]" page="1798" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FE3B14CFFD40FE5E" author="Primo" box="[462,703,469,491]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Primo, C. & Vazquez, E. (2007) Ascidians collected during the Spanish Antarctic expedition CIEMAR 99 / 00 in the Bransfield and Gerlache Straits. Journal of natural History, 41 (29 - 32), 1775 - 1810." type="journal article" year="2007">Primo & Vazquez 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1798
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF62170DFCC6FD9B" blockId="29.[151,825,535,559]" box="[151,825,535,559]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Stations (events when several per station): 2-42-62-65(322).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF621745FCEBFCB3" blockId="29.[151,1437,607,1208]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The specimens are oval and fixed by a narrow base. Both siphons are sessile, well apart, with 4 lobes. The tunic is white with a smooth surface. In Terre Adélie the body size varies from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B45FFB1FFC1FC37179EFBA8FD28" box="[962,1111,644,668]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="29.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="14.0">14 to 45 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The thin body wall has uniformly distributed muscular fibres, regularly crossed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FCF517BDFCACFD0B" box="[768,851,679,703]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,216,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Cnemidocarpa pfefferi: Body ventrally opened scale bar = 1 cm; B, gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277188/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The oral tentacles are numerous, thin and long. The dorsal tubercle opens in a U with horns poorly curved. The dorsal lamina is a plain high membrane. The branchial formula on the right side of the largest specimen is:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF32160FFD13FC98" blockId="29.[151,1437,607,1208]" box="[199,748,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
E -
|
||
<date id="FFAF1060FFB1FFC1FF1A160FFE66FC98" box="[239,409,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1930-07-20" valueMax="1930-07-17" valueMin="1930-07-20">
|
||
7-
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FEF81609FED6FC98" bold="true" box="[269,297,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20</emphasis>
|
||
– 17 –
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FE881609FE66FC98" bold="true" box="[381,409,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">30</emphasis>
|
||
</date>
|
||
– 16 –
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FE181609FDF6FC98" bold="true" box="[493,521,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<date id="FFAF1060FFB1FFC1FE181609FDF6FC98" box="[493,521,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1927-04-16" valueMax="1927-04-24" valueMin="1927-04-16">27</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
– 16 –
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FDA81609FD86FC98" bold="true" box="[605,633,787,812]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">24</emphasis>
|
||
– 4 – DL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF32162DFCFCFB9C" blockId="29.[151,1437,607,1208]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Parastigmatic vessels cross the long stigmata. The oesophagus is long and narrow, the stomach is also long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FF6A1646FF0FFCC0" box="[159,240,860,884]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,216,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Cnemidocarpa pfefferi: Body ventrally opened scale bar = 1 cm; B, gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277188/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
A), and has about 20 folds and a small caecum. The anus with round lobes is linked to the oesophagus.The simple gut loop is only attached to the body wall by ligaments. Two gonads lie on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FB3C1665FAE4FC23" box="[1225,1307,895,919]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,216,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Cnemidocarpa pfefferi: Body ventrally opened scale bar = 1 cm; B, gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277188/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B): they have a characteristic shape with a central branched ovary and testis vesicles covering the apex of each ovarian lobe as drawn by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FEDC16D2FDD1FC54" author="Millar" box="[297,558,968,992]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Reports, 30, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1960">
|
||
Millar (1960
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FE3516D2FDEFFC54" box="[448,528,968,992]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1987,2010]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,193,1965]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[172,1416,193,1969]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 35. Molgula pedunculata: in situ photos (copyright CEAMARC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277204/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
A)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.The male gonoducts join in a single sperm duct running above the ovary and opening close to the female papilla. Numerous foliated endocarps are distributed on the whole internal body wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FF6A110AFF0DFB9C" box="[159,242,1040,1064]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,216,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Cnemidocarpa pfefferi: Body ventrally opened scale bar = 1 cm; B, gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277188/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
B). A ring of papillae circles the atrial opening.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF32112FFC94FBC4" blockId="29.[151,1437,607,1208]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Two identical sequences for specimen S1 CNE 225 (BOLD: ASCAN036-10) and specimen S1 CNE 223 (BOLD: ASCAN035-10). No close hit in BOLD (best: 77.64%).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF321167FF1AFB0C" blockId="29.[151,1437,607,1208]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FF321167FEC7FB20" box="[199,312,1148,1172]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pfefferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FF321167FEC7FB20" box="[199,312,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. pfefferi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a wide distribution in the Southern Ocean. Maximal depth of collection was in Terre Adélie with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D17FD29FFB1FFC1FF6211BAFF1AFB0C" box="[151,229,1184,1208]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B45FFB1FFC1FF6211BAFF1EFB0C" box="[151,225,1184,1208]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF621016FEB4FAF2" blockId="29.[151,634,1291,1350]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FF621016FDCBFA91" authority="Monniot" authorityName="Monniot" box="[151,564,1291,1318]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="univesica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FF621016FDCBFA91" bold="true" box="[151,564,1291,1318]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FF621016FE3DFA92" bold="true" box="[151,450,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cnemidocarpa univesica</emphasis>
|
||
Monniot
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657C9FFB1FFC1FDC91016FD85FA92" box="[572,634,1292,1318]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FF6B1034FEE6FAF2" box="[158,281,1326,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1915]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp.: A, holotype, scale bar = 1 cm; B, body ventrally opened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figures 20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FED01034FEBDFAF2" box="[293,322,1326,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,211,1483]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1489]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp. Body ventrally opened, branchial sac removed, scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277190/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">21</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF62106CFD6FFA38" blockId="29.[151,656,1398,1420]" box="[151,656,1398,1420]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01118EFFB1FFC1FF62106CFD6FFA38" box="[151,656,1398,1420]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FF62106CFED4FA38" box="[151,299,1398,1420]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cnemidocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FFB1FFC1FEA1106CFD74FA38" author="Monniot" box="[340,651,1398,1420]" page="70" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FFB1FFC1FEA1106CFD9AFA38" author="Monniot" box="[340,613,1398,1420]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF6210A3FEB2FA65" blockId="29.[151,333,1465,1489]" box="[151,333,1465,1489]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Stations: 32–80.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF62131BFC5FF8E9" blockId="29.[151,1437,1537,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The general shape of both specimens is ovoid, ending in a short thick peduncle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FBE2131BFB95F9AD" box="[1047,1130,1537,1561]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1915]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp.: A, holotype, scale bar = 1 cm; B, body ventrally opened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The atrial siphon is apical, the oral siphon opens at mid-length of the body, and both are sessile with an external ring of round papillae similar to those found in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB1FFC1FE0E1353FDA0F9D5" box="[507,607,1609,1633]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Culeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FE0E1353FDA0F9D5" box="[507,607,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Culeolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. The whole surface of the tunic is granular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FB431353FAF6F9D5" box="[1206,1289,1609,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1915]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp.: A, holotype, scale bar = 1 cm; B, body ventrally opened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A).The branchial tissue bursts through the body wall in one of the specimens. The body wall strongly adheres to the thin tunic. The musculature is made of thin criss-crossed fibres on the body but both apertures have true sphincters. About 28 oral tentacles are intercalated with smaller ones. They arise at the base of a short velum. The peripharyngeal band is dorsally curved in a deep narrow V. The dorsal tubercle has a C-shaped slit opening to the left. The long dorsal lamina becomes progressively higher toward the oesophagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FCDC13E7FC82F8A1" box="[809,893,1789,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1915]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp.: A, holotype, scale bar = 1 cm; B, body ventrally opened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The branchial tissue is thin with 4 well separated folds on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FE45123BFDFBF88D" box="[432,516,1825,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1915]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp.: A, holotype, scale bar = 1 cm; B, body ventrally opened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
B). In both specimens the first fold on the right side of the dorsal lamina is thicker (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FFB1FFC1FF6A125FFF0CF8E9" box="[159,243,1861,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1915]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp.: A, holotype, scale bar = 1 cm; B, body ventrally opened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The branchial formula on the right side in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8802FFB1FFC1FCE8125FFC80F8E9" box="[797,895,1861,1885]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB1FFC1FF321270FD6FF835" blockId="29.[151,1437,1537,1922]" box="[199,656,1897,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
E - 4 -
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FEE11273FEDDF836" bold="true" box="[276,290,1897,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">8</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<date id="FFAF1060FFB1FFC1FEC61273FE30F836" box="[307,463,1897,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1914-05-05" valueMax="1914-05-14" valueMin="1914-05-05">
|
||
5 –
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FEA81273FE86F836" bold="true" box="[349,377,1897,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">14</emphasis>
|
||
-5 –
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FE461273FE30F836" bold="true" box="[435,463,1897,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">14</emphasis>
|
||
</date>
|
||
– 5 –
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB1FFC1FDE01273FDCEF836" bold="true" box="[533,561,1897,1922]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20</emphasis>
|
||
– 4- DL
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E6628FFB2FFC2FF6212AFFBE8F87F" box="[151,1047,1973,1996]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277188/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[151,1436,216,1937]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB2FFC2FF6212AFFBE8F87F" blockId="30.[151,1047,1973,1996]" box="[151,1047,1973,1996]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB2FFC2FF6212AFFEE0F87E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1973,1996]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB2FFC2FED012AFFDAEF87F" authority="Body" authorityName="Body" box="[293,593,1973,1995]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pfefferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB2FFC2FED012AFFDEBF87F" box="[293,532,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Cnemidocarpa pfefferi:</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ventrally opened scale bar = 1cm; B, gonad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E6628FFB3FFC3FF62128AFB5BF813" box="[151,1188,1936,1959]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277189/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1913]" targetPageId="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FFB3FFC3FF62128AFB5BF813" blockId="31.[151,1188,1936,1959]" box="[151,1188,1936,1959]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB3FFC3FF62128AFEDFF812" bold="true" box="[151,288,1936,1959]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FFB3FFC3FED0128BFDDDF813" box="[293,546,1937,1959]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="univesica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FFB3FFC3FED0128BFDDDF813" box="[293,546,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cnemidocarpa univesica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657C9FFB3FFC3FDDD1288FD9DF813" box="[552,610,1938,1959]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: A, holotype, scale bar = 1cm; B, body ventrally opened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6E6628FF8CFFFCFF6210D6FAF4FA56" box="[151,1291,1484,1507]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277190/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[152,1436,211,1483]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8CFFFCFF6210D6FAF4FA56" blockId="32.[151,1291,1484,1507]" box="[151,1291,1484,1507]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FF8CFFFCFF6210D6FEE0FA55" bold="true" box="[151,287,1484,1507]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8CFFFCFED010D6FDDDFA56" box="[293,546,1484,1506]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="univesica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FF8CFFFCFED010D6FDDDFA56" box="[293,546,1484,1506]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cnemidocarpa univesica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657C9FF8CFFFCFDDB10D7FD94FA56" box="[558,619,1485,1506]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Body ventrally opened, branchial sac removed, scale bar =10mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8CFFFCFF321329FE18F897" blockId="32.[151,1437,1587,2007]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The stigmata are rarely cut by parastigmatic vessels. A long oesophagus and a long stomach constitute the main part of the ascending limb of the gut loop (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FF8CFFFCFD32134DFCE3F9DB" box="[711,796,1623,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,211,1483]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1489]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp. Body ventrally opened, branchial sac removed, scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277190/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). A small coma-like caecum is at the pyloric end of the stomach. The stomach is linked to the body wall by a strong bridle. The intestine draws a wide secondary loop and ends in an anus with 6 lobes. There is one long sinuous gonad on each side curved in an arc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FF8CFFFCFB551385FB0CF903" box="[1184,1267,1695,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,211,1483]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1489]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp. Body ventrally opened, branchial sac removed, scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277190/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each of them is made of a central ovary flanked on each side by compact testis vesicles. The genital papillae are terminal, close to the anus on the left side. A single large endocarp takes place into the curve of each gonad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132A2A25FF8CFFFCFB6B13FDFB0EF94B" box="[1182,1265,1767,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,211,1483]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1489]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21. Cnemidocarpa univesica n. sp. Body ventrally opened, branchial sac removed, scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277190/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). A ring of tentacles lines the atrial aperture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8CFFFCFF321235FB6FF83B" blockId="32.[151,1437,1587,2007]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8CFFFCFF321235FE21F8F3" box="[199,478,1839,1863]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="univesica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FF8CFFFCFF321235FE21F8F3" box="[199,478,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cnemidocarpa univesica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to the damaged specimen of
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FF8CFFFCFC3F1235FB6FF8F3" box="[970,1168,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8CFFFCFC3F1235FB8FF8F3" box="[970,1136,1839,1863]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cnemidocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8CFFFCFB6B1235FF2DF8DF" author="Monniot" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot and Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. They have in common the body shape, the same branchial structure, a long gonad and a single endocarp on each side. Collected in the same geographic area they certainly belong to the same species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8CFFFCFF321281FF01F863" blockId="32.[151,1437,1587,2007]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
One sequence for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AA8802FF8CFFFCFE4A1286FDE0F800" box="[447,543,1948,1972]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen S1 CNE 229 (BOLD: ASCAN037-10). No close hit in BOLD (best: 76.94%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8DFFFDFF62158DFD82FF06" blockId="33.[151,637,151,178]" box="[151,637,151,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8DFFFDFF62158DFD82FF06" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,637,151,178]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FF8DFFFDFF62158DFE38FF05" bold="true" box="[151,455,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cnemidocarpa verrucosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8DFFFDFE231582FD8AFF06" author="Lesson" box="[470,629,152,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Lesson, R. P. (1830) Zoologie. In: Duperrey, voyage autour du monde sur la corvette ' La coquille' 1822 - 1825. Volume 2 (1), Paris, Arthus-Bertrand, 256 - 279." type="book chapter" year="1830">Lesson, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8DFFFDFF6215C4FD05FEA6" blockId="33.[151,1436,222,275]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01118EFF8DFFFDFF6215C4FD05FEA6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Cynthia
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8DFFFDFF1B15C5FDE3FF40" authority="Lesson, 1830: 151" authorityName="Lesson" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1830" box="[238,540,222,244]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
|
||
verrucosa,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FF8DFFFDFEAB15C5FDE3FF40" author="Lesson" box="[350,540,222,244]" page="151" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1830">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8DFFFDFEAB15C5FE16FF40" author="Lesson" box="[350,489,223,244]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Lesson, R. P. (1830) Zoologie. In: Duperrey, voyage autour du monde sur la corvette ' La coquille' 1822 - 1825. Volume 2 (1), Paris, Arthus-Bertrand, 256 - 279." type="book chapter" year="1830">Lesson, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 151
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8DFFFDFDD215C4FBF2FF40" authority="Van Name 1945: 272" authorityName="Van Name" authorityPageNumber="272" authorityYear="1945" box="[551,1037,222,244]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
|
||
Cnemidocarpa verrucosa:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FF8DFFFDFCC715C5FBF2FF40" author="Van" box="[818,1037,222,244]" page="272" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1945">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8DFFFDFCC715C5FC25FF40" author="Van" box="[818,986,222,244]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1945">Van Name 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 272
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FF8DFFFDFBE215C5FB44FF40" author="Kott" box="[1047,1211,222,244]" page="107" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8DFFFDFBE215C5FB81FF40" author="Kott" box="[1047,1150,222,244]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Kott, P. (1969) Antarctic Ascidiacea. Antarctic Research Series, 13, 1 - 239." type="journal article" year="1969">Kott 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 107
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FF8DFFFDFB3315C4FEDFFEA7" author="Monniot" page="68" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8DFFFDFB3315C4FF02FEA6" author="Monniot" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 68
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
and synonymy.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010B1FF8DFFFDFE3315E7FD09FEA6" author="Primo" box="[454,758,253,275]" page="1798" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B51FF8DFFFDFE3315E7FD49FEA6" author="Primo" box="[454,694,253,275]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Primo, C. & Vazquez, E. (2007) Ascidians collected during the Spanish Antarctic expedition CIEMAR 99 / 00 in the Bransfield and Gerlache Straits. Journal of natural History, 41 (29 - 32), 1775 - 1810." type="journal article" year="2007">Primo & Vazquez 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1798
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8DFFFDFF621425FB15FEE3" blockId="33.[151,1258,319,343]" box="[151,1258,319,343]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Stations (events when several trawling operations per station): 5-11(424)-
|
||
<date id="FFAF1060FF8DFFFDFC3B1425FBCBFEE3" box="[974,1076,319,343]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1942-12-17">12-17-42</date>
|
||
-65(322)-79-80.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8DFFFDFF62149DFCCEFD0B" blockId="33.[151,1436,391,848]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">This species is named after the spines of the tunic, but these protrusions are less developed on the very large specimens. The body is attached to the substrate either by a narrow or larger base or with irregular extensions of the tunic. The siphons are distant from each other at angles of a triangular body. The musculature of the body wall is dense with regularly crossed fibres. The dorsal tubercle opens anteriorly with internally curled horns. The short dorsal lamina is prolonged behind the oesophagus entrance by a high blade. The 4 branchial folds are high and 4 to 5 longitudinal vessels between the folds separate large meshes without parastigmatic vessels. The gut is a simple loop with a long stomach and a multilobed anus. There is no gastric caecum. There are generally 2 long gonads on each side but sometimes only one on the left. Numerous endocarps are distributed on each side of the body wall. A ring of filiform tentacles is at the base of the atrial opening.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8DFFFDFF3217D7FA97FCBD" blockId="33.[151,1436,391,848]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">No close hit in BOLD for the sequence from specimen S1 CNE 221 (BOLD: ASCAN039-10), although there is another sequence identified as the same species. Additional work with more specimens would be necessary.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE36A0FF8DFFFDFF32160FFE42FCE4" blockId="33.[151,1436,391,848]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D23FF8DFFFDFF32160FFEA6FC98" box="[199,345,789,812]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EAB2FF8DFFFDFF32160FFEA6FC98" box="[199,345,789,812]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C. verrucosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a very common species from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3067630FF8DFFFDFD08160EFC9AFC98" box="[765,869,788,812]" name="Antarctica" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sub-Antarctic shallow and bathyal depths. It reaches here
|
||
<quantity id="4CE99B45FF8DFFFDFEDC1622FE8FFCE4" box="[297,368,824,848]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |