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<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685359" ID-ZooBank="FC367536-2DF0-4598-992B-78022F58623A" approvalRequired="6" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="6" checkinTime="1677571355041" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Namayandeh, Armin, Hudson, Patrick L., Ghaderi, Edris &amp; Stott, Wendylee" docDate="2023" docId="039BB669DF07D25F89E3FF1D27F7FBFD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5249.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5249 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zavrelia Kieffer &amp; Bause 1913" docType="key" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="FFA2CE11DF0ED2568974FF8A226BFFDA" masterDocTitle="Zavrelia parapentatoma (Chironomidae: Diptera), a curious new species from North America, revealed by molecular methods" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="120" updateTime="1677601370939" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zavrelia parapentatoma (Chironomidae: Diptera), a curious new species from North America, revealed by molecular methods</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Namayandeh, Armin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-2136-0497</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada. arminnamayandeh @ trentu. ca; a. namayan @ taxanama. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2136 - 0497</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">arminnamayandeh@trentu.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hudson, Patrick L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>5597 New Meadow Drive, Ypsilanti, MI 48197.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ghaderi, Edris</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. &amp; Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stott, Wendylee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-5252-4901</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Arctic and Aquatic Research Division, 501 University Cr., Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Wendylee. Stott @ dfo-mpo. gc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5252 - 4901</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tott@dfo-mpo.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5249</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>111</mods:start>
<mods:end>124</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7685359</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FC367536-2DF0-4598-992B-78022F58623A</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039BB669DF07D25F89E3FF1D27F7FBFD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039BB669DF07D25F89E3FF1D27F7FBFD" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<subSubSection box="[151,525,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,525,151,178]" box="[151,525,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,525,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,525,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
Key to adult males of
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="648WN" ID-ENA="2886787" authorityName="Kieffer &amp; Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[424,525,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[424,525,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Zavrelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="120" type="key">
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,220,242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,220,242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">1. Anal point densely covered with strong spinulae............................................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,249,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,249,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Anal point bare, with microtrichia or short spinules only...................................................... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
2. Anal point spinulae of varying size and shapes but never very long, ≤ 4 × as long as wide (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[1080,1293,279,301]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem and Stur, 2009</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 8E;
<bibRefCitation author="Gilka, W." pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="11 - 15" refId="ref11526" refString="Gilka, W. (2008) An intraspecific morphological variability of Zavrelia pentatoma Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae). Dipteron, Bulletin of the Dipterological Section of the Polish Entomological Society, 24, 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2008">Giłka 2008</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation box="[287,344,308,330]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)........................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Kieffer &amp; Bause" authorityName="Kieffer &amp; Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[1022,1313,308,330]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
<emphasis box="[1022,1148,309,330]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
Kieffer &amp; Bause
</taxonomicName>
(Palearctic)
<superScript attach="none" box="[1429,1436,307,319]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">*</superScript>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,337,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,337,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- Anal point spinulae very long, ≥ 8 × as long as wide (
<figureCitation box="[740,843,337,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 3D–E</figureCitation>
)....................
<taxonomicName authority="Namayandeh &amp; Hudson &amp; Ghaderi &amp; Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh &amp; Hudson &amp; Ghaderi &amp; Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[1094,1266,338,359]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[1094,1266,338,359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1272,1326,338,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1272,1326,338,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Nearctic)
<superScript attach="none" box="[1429,1436,337,349]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">*</superScript>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,367,389]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,367,389]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">3. Setiger of superior volsella with conspicuous constriction in apical 1/3........................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,396,418]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,396,418]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Setiger of superior volsella without conspicuous constriction in apical 1/3........................................ 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,425,447]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,425,447]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
4. Setiger of superior volsella with pointed apex (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[675,891,425,447]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem and Stur, 2009</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation box="[899,971,425,447]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov. location and habitat of larva (A–B), mature larva in the case (C–D), prepupa case openings (E–F). A. Ervin-Stucki Preserve in Washtenaw County, Southeast Michigan, looking towards the Raisin River; B. Detrital material along the edge of the boardwalk; C. prepupae larvae that crawled to the edge of the dish (arrows); D. mature larva in the case; E. larger opening of the case; F. smaller opening of the case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685369/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
)......
<taxonomicName authority="Guo &amp; Wang" authorityName="Guo &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2004" box="[1055,1335,425,447]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clinovolsella">
<emphasis box="[1055,1203,425,447]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. clinovolsella</emphasis>
Guo &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
(Oriental)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,455,477]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,455,477]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Setiger of superior volsella with somewhat rectangular apex................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
5. Anal point with only a few microtrichia in between crests; distinct microtrichia-free areas on anal tergite around the base of anal point (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[287,503,513,535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem and Stur, 2009</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 10E).........................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1096,1320,513,535]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis box="[1096,1179,514,535]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. sinica</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
(Palearctic)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- Anal point with numerous microtrichia in between crests; microtrichia present all around the base of anal point (
<bibRefCitation author="Zorina, O. V." box="[1309,1433,543,565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="60 - 68" refId="ref12752" refString="Zorina, O. V. (2008) Russian Zavrelia Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 1845 (1), 60 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1845.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Zorina 2008</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 13–14)..........................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Zorina" authorityName="Zorina" authorityYear="2008" box="[1055,1320,572,594]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudopentatoma">
<emphasis box="[1055,1249,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. pseudopentatoma</emphasis>
Zorina
</taxonomicName>
(Palearctic)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,601,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,601,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">6. Anal point with small spinules in between crests............................................................. 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,631,653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,631,653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Anal point bare, or with microtrichia in between crests at most................................................. 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,660,682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,660,682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
7. AR close to 0.6................................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1149,1436,660,682]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="casasi">
<emphasis box="[1149,1296,660,682]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Zavrelia casasi</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,690,711]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,690,711]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- AR&gt; 0.7............................................................................................ 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
8. AR 1.23; wing length about
<quantity box="[510,600,719,741]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.50 mm</quantity>
; LR
<subScript attach="left" box="[643,650,734,746]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">1</subScript>
about1.45; laterosternite with one seta; anal point with small spinules scattered between the entire length of anal crests (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[613,807,748,770]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem &amp; Stur 2009</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 12E).....
<taxonomicName authority="(Sasa &amp; Suzuki, 1999) (Palearctic)" authorityName="Palearctic" baseAuthorityName="Sasa &amp; Suzuki" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[964,1436,748,770]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tusimatijea">
<emphasis box="[964,1097,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. tusimatijea</emphasis>
(Sasa &amp; Suzuki, 1999) (Palearctic)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- AR 0.91–1.08; wing length
<quantity box="[491,633,778,799]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" metricValueMax="10.4" metricValueMin="8.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="0.96" valueMax="1.04" valueMin="0.88">0.88–1.04 mm</quantity>
; LR1 about 2.09; laterosternite without seta; anal point with small spinules scattered between anal crests at anal point base only (Guo and Wang, 2007:
<figureCitation box="[864,922,807,829]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Lin, X. L. &amp; Wang, X. H." box="[933,1110,807,829]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="67 - 71" refId="ref12108" refString="Lin, X. L. &amp; Wang, X. H. (2017) A redescription of Zavrelia bragremia Guo &amp; Wang, 2007 (Diptera: Chironomidae). CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research, 30, 67 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.5324 / cjcr. v 0 i 30.2345" type="journal article" year="2017">Lin &amp; Wang 2017</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 8–9)........................................................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Guo &amp; Wang" authorityName="Guo &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2007" box="[1077,1335,836,858]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bragremia">
<emphasis box="[1077,1202,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. bragremia</emphasis>
Guo &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
(Oriental)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,865,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,865,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">9. Anal point bare...................................................................................... 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,895,917]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,895,917]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Anal point with microtrichia in between crests............................................................. 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,924,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,924,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
10. AR 1.00–1.18; LR
<subScript attach="left" box="[405,412,939,951]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">1</subScript>
1.36–1.46; superior volsella with pointed apex (
<bibRefCitation author="Zorina, O. V." box="[876,1005,924,946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="60 - 68" refId="ref12752" refString="Zorina, O. V. (2008) Russian Zavrelia Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 1845 (1), 60 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1845.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Zorina, 2008</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation box="[1014,1104,924,946]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1820,1844]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1426,1254,1787]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1421,717,1724]" captionTargetId-0="figure-412@2.[151,1437,1245,1797]" captionTargetId-1="figure-260@3.[157,1431,705,1734]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Neighbor-Joining (NJ), Maximum Likelihood (ML), and Bayesian Inference (BI) trees of the genera Zavrelia Kieffer &amp; Bause, 1913, Stempellinella Brundin, 1947, and one outgroup Tanytarsus tamaoctavus Sasa, 1980 inferred from the COI nucleotide sequence data (658 bp). Numbers on branches represent the bootstrap value for Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) (10000 replicates) and posterior probabilities for BI, respectively. The gray bars on the right are clusters estimate using four molecular species delimitation methods:ABGD, ASAP, mPTP, and K2P (species delimitation based on the K2P distance new species threshold value 5% for sequences used)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Histogram of genetic distance estimates from ABGD (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery) for a partition analysis of 19 cytochrome oxidase subunit1 sequences of the Zavrelia and Stempellinella species. nbr = number of runs." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685361" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685363" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7685361/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7685363/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
)....
<taxonomicName authority="Zorina" authorityName="Zorina" authorityYear="2008" box="[1162,1320,924,946]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elenae">
<emphasis box="[1162,1250,924,946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. elenae</emphasis>
Zorina
</taxonomicName>
(Palearctic)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- AR 0.45; LR1 1.96; superior volsella with rounded apex (
<bibRefCitation author="Kobayashi, T." box="[780,942,953,975]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="41 - 44" refId="ref11850" refString="Kobayashi, T. (2014) A redescription of Zavrelia simantoneoa (Sasa, Suzuki and Sakai, 1998) comb. nov. CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research, 27, 41 - 44. h" type="journal article" year="2014">Kobayashi 2014</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 7).........................................................................................
<taxonomicName authority="(Sasa, Suzuki &amp; Sakai, 1998) (Palearctic)" baseAuthorityName="Sasa, Suzuki &amp; Sakai" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[883,1436,983,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simantoneoa">
<emphasis box="[883,1031,983,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. simantoneoa</emphasis>
(Sasa, Suzuki &amp; Sakai, 1998) (Palearctic)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,1012,1034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1012,1034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
11. Wing length
<quantity box="[350,438,1012,1034]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.40 mm</quantity>
; AR close to 0.75.......................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1091,1333,1012,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hudsoni">
<emphasis box="[1091,1192,1012,1034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. hudsoni</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
(Nearctic)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,220,1063]" box="[151,1436,1041,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1041,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- Wing length close to 1.00 mm; AR close to 0.90.................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1092,1333,1041,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis box="[1092,1193,1042,1063]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. aristata</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
(Nearctic)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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