241 lines
33 KiB
XML
241 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="4D1256A52614726B51B1D4FB5C2EE3D4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3841.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7312de27-4ad8-416a-b0ff-08c4d9c525ff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="286773" ID-ZooBank="81A2CD8F-3311-4E54-9586-C74976ACA16C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460460815493" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins" docDate="2014" docId="03CCC337FFCA2F22FF7DCED97D2EFCC2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03841p066.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3841 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cumbre Evans 1955" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFF5BB4FFFCB2F21FFEAC8787E1EFFD7" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Cumbre Evans, 1955 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Moncini), with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698303824971" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="EECB0968C2934DB5A6D9F2FBD8F95D8C">Taxonomic revision of Cumbre Evans, 1955 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Moncini), with the description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E388F8FC2562138ED76C613AEB51532F">Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="55AB01C15900AE094859F6A11502B503">Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BE36E14D595615A0E26142D7E6851DE6">Casagrande, Mirna Martins</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D612C5EF551D37D51F31EB1D3FFF22B6">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D5554348D504B11B81572200DD2617A9">3841</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C37F21AAFFCA2F20FF7DCED97F88F96C" box="[151,406,1697,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFCA2F20FF7DCED97F88F96C" blockId="1.[151,406,1697,1723]" box="[151,406,1697,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D092C54DFFCA2F20FF7DCED97F88F96C" bold="true" box="[151,406,1697,1723]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFCA2F20FF7DCED97F88F96C" ID-CoL="926CX" authority="Evans, 1955" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,406,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Cumbre" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FF7DCED97F88F96C" bold="true" box="[151,406,1697,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FF7DCED97EE7F96C" bold="true" box="[151,249,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cumbre</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FEEACED97F88F96C" author="Evans" box="[256,406,1697,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Evans, W. H. (1955) A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae Indicating the Classification and Nomenclature Adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. British Museum, London, 499 pp." type="book" year="1955">Evans, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F21AAFFCA2F20FF7DCE907AEEF800" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFCA2F20FF7DCE907B26F840" blockId="1.[151,1436,1768,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFCA2F20FF7DCE907F6FF929" ID-CoL="926CX" authority="Evans, 1955" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,369,1768,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Cumbre" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FF7DCE907EF6F929" box="[151,232,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cumbre</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FF05CE917F6FF929" author="Evans" box="[239,369,1768,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Evans, W. H. (1955) A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae Indicating the Classification and Nomenclature Adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. British Museum, London, 499 pp." type="book" year="1955">Evans, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FE91CE907C52F929" bold="true" box="[379,588,1768,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4</emphasis>
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, p. 89, 169; type-species: [
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFCA2F20FC8ECE907DB4F929" ID-CoL="8YRTR" box="[868,938,1768,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Phanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC8ECE907DB4F929" box="[868,938,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Phanis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFCA2F20FC50CE907A8AF929" authority="Schaus, 1902" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1902" box="[954,1172,1768,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Phanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cumbre">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC50CE907A1BF929" box="[954,1029,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">cumbre</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FBE6CE907A8AF929" author="Schaus" box="[1036,1172,1768,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Schaus, W. (1902) Descriptions of new American butterflies. Proceedings of the United States National Museu m, 24, 383 - 460." type="journal article" year="1902">Schaus, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FB58CE907B40F929" author="Hemming" box="[1202,1374,1768,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Hemming, A. F. (1967) The generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 9 (Supplement), 1 - 509." type="journal article" year="1967">Hemming, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FA82CE907C19F8CB" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent.,</emphasis>
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Suppl. 9: 130.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FD2BCF7E7D76F8CB" author="Hayward" box="[705,872,1798,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Hayward, K. J. (1973) Catalogo de los rhopaloceros argentinos. Opera Lilloana, 23, 1 - 328." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayward, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC9FCF7E7DE7F8CB" bold="true" box="[885,1017,1798,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Op. Lill. 23</emphasis>
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: 78.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FBA9CF7E7ACDF8CB" author="Beattie" box="[1091,1235,1798,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Beattie, J. R. (1976) The Rhopalocera Directory. Insecta Directory. JB Indexes, Berkeley, xiv + 365 pp." type="book" year="1976">Beattie, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FB08CF7E7B6FF8CB" bold="true" box="[1250,1393,1798,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Rhop. Direct</emphasis>
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., p. 16.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FF14CF5D7F8FF8EC" author="Bridges" box="[254,401,1829,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Bridges, C. A. (1983) Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae. Notes on species-group names. Urbana, Author, Introduction: I + II pp., Part I: 129 pp., Part II: 41 pp., Part III: 62 pp., Part IV: 30 pp., Part V: 13 pp." type="book" year="1983">Bridges, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FE71CF5D7C3DF8EC" bold="true" box="[411,547,1829,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Lep. Hesp. 2</emphasis>
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, p. 10.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FD6ACF5D7D0AF8EC" author="Bridges" box="[640,788,1829,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Bridges, C. A. (1988) Catalogue of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Urbana, Author, Introduction: I - VII pp., Part I: 205 pp., Part II: 67 pp., Part III: 78 pp., Part IV: 54 pp., Part V: 20 pp., Part VI: 7 pp., Appendix I: 1 pp., Appendix II: 8 pp., Annotations 1: 1 pp., Annotations 2: 1 pp., Annotations 3: 4 pp., Annotations 4: 2 pp., Annotations 5: 6 pp." type="book" year="1988">Bridges, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FCF7CF5D7DBCF8EC" bold="true" box="[797,930,1829,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cat. Hesp. 2</emphasis>
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, p. 17;
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC1ACF5D7A26F8EC" bold="true" box="[1008,1080,1829,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">App. 2</emphasis>
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, p. 1.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FB6CCF5D7B02F8EC" author="Bridges" box="[1158,1308,1829,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Bridges, C. A. (1988) Catalogue of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Urbana, Author, Introduction: I - VII pp., Part I: 205 pp., Part II: 67 pp., Part III: 78 pp., Part IV: 54 pp., Part V: 20 pp., Part VI: 7 pp., Appendix I: 1 pp., Appendix II: 8 pp., Annotations 1: 1 pp., Annotations 2: 1 pp., Annotations 3: 4 pp., Annotations 4: 2 pp., Annotations 5: 6 pp." type="book" year="1988">Bridges, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FACCCF5D7C10F88D" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cat.-Fam.- Group & Gen.-Group Nam. 4</emphasis>
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, p. 33;
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FDB5CF3C7C75F88D" bold="true" box="[607,619,1860,1882]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">5</emphasis>
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, p. 2.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FD2ACF3C7D4AF88D" author="Bridges" box="[704,852,1860,1882]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Bridges, C. A. (1994) Catalogue of the family-group, genus-group and species-group names of the Hesperioidea (Lepidoptera) of the world. Introduction: 7 pp., Part I: 1 pp., Part II: 1 pp., Part III: 1 pp., Part IV: 36 pp., Part V: 9 pp., Part VI: 20 pp., Part VII: 6 pp., Part VIII: 246 pp., Part IX: 76 pp., Part X: 90 pp., Part XI: 71 pp., Part XII: 28 pp., Part XIII: 9 pp., Appendix I: 1 pp., Appendix II: 2 pp., Appendix III: 1 pp." type="book" year="1994">Bridges, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC8ACF3C7F76F8AF" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group and Sp.-Group Nam. Hesperioidea 4</emphasis>
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, p. 9;
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FE4DCF1A7FAAF8AF" bold="true" box="[423,436,1890,1912]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">9</emphasis>
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, p. 19.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FDE5CF1A7C82F8AF" author="Mielke" box="[527,668,1890,1912]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Mielke, O. H. H. (2004) Hesperiidae. In: Lamas, G. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Vol. 5 A. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, pp. 25 - 86." type="book chapter" year="2004">Mielke, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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. Hesperioidea, p. 8, 65,
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC7ACF1A7DBBF8A0" bold="true" box="[912,933,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">in</emphasis>
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Lamas (ed.).
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FBDACF1A7F45F840" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea- Papilionoidea</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FE8DCFF97F62F841" bold="true" box="[359,380,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">in</emphasis>
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Heppner (ed.).
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FDF6CFF97D0BF840" bold="true" box="[540,789,1921,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFCA2F20FDF6CFF97CEEF840" authority="Neotrop. Lep." authorityName="Neotrop. Lep." box="[540,752,1921,1943]" class="Insecta" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atlas Neotrop. Lep.</taxonomicName>
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5A
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</emphasis>
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.—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FCD9CFF97DA1F840" author="Mielke" box="[819,959,1921,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Mielke, O. H. H. (2005) Catalogue of the American Hesperioidea: Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) 4: Hesperiinae 1: Adlerodea - Lychnuchus. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, pp. 775 - 1055." type="journal article" year="2005">Mielke, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FC22CFF97AF8F840" bold="true" box="[968,1254,1921,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 4</emphasis>
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, p. 902.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFCA2F20FF7DCFC67AEEF800" blockId="1.[151,1264,1982,2007]" box="[151,1264,1982,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFCA2F20FF7DCFC67F69F800" bold="true" box="[151,375,1982,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Systematic History</emphasis>
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. Genus described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFCA2F20FD83CFC77CE1F800" author="Evans" box="[617,767,1982,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" refString="Evans, W. H. (1955) A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae Indicating the Classification and Nomenclature Adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. British Museum, London, 499 pp." type="book" year="1955">Evans (1955)</bibRefCitation>
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and mentioned in catalogs by other authors.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37F21AAFFC92F23FF2DC8EF7CE0FCBA" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DC8EF7CE0FCBA" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DC8EF7F24FF67" bold="true" box="[199,314,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC92F23FEA1C8EF7FBAFF67" box="[331,420,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Cumbre" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FEA1C8EF7FBAFF67" box="[331,420,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Cumbre</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all other genera included in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC92F23FC1BC8EF7A4EFF67" box="[1009,1104,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Moncini">Moncini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following characters: antenna long, reaching 70% of the costa, nudum black or dark rufous-brown, with 11 to 13 segments, present in all the apiculus and in part of the club; forewing with two groups of hyaline spots, one subapical with three small spots in R3–R4, R4–R5 and R5–M1 and another median, with two large nearly quadrate spots in M3–CuA1 and CuA1–CuA2, the last one more developed than the first; males with an inclined “V”-shaped brand at the origin of CuA2; forewing underside dark brown from discal region to anal margin; costal margin slightly rufous; submarginal patch pale brown to gray from R4 to CuA2, larger in M1; hindwing underside with a brown to dark brown basal band; a discal transverse pale brown to cream band from costal margin to 2A; a postdiscal transverse brown to dark brown band, from apex to 2A, with six postdiscal pale brown to gray spots in R s–M1, M1–M3 (two), M3–CuA1, CuA1–CuA2 and CuA2–2A (largest), sometimes fused with the submarginal patch; submarginal pale brown to gray patch from M1 to CuA2, larger in M3; male genitalia with a simple uncus; fenestra developed; ventral “S”-shaped arm of tegumen fused with the dorsal arm of saccus; anterior projection of saccus smaller, or equal to the length of tegumen+uncus; posterior projection of saccus absent; gnathos bifid, tubular, convergent and shorter than uncus; fultura inferior with developed anterior projections; valva with undeveloped costa, sacculus triangular, ampulla restricted to a small dorsal area, harpe developed with an upturned disto-dorsal spine (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC92F23FB8FCAD97EFBFD0A" authority="Hayward, 1934" authorityName="Hayward" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Poanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FB8FCAD97B07FD6E" box="[1125,1305,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">C. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF40FD0FFC92F23FACFCAD87EFBFD0A" author="Hayward" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" refString="Hayward, K. J. (1934) Lepidopteros argentinos. Familia Hesperidae. Revista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina, 6, 97 - 181." type="journal article" year="1934">(Hayward, 1934))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; aedeagus distally right-turned with a simple opening; cornuti present as innumerous micro spines; female genitalia with the ostium bursae opening located at the center of the sterigma; eighth tergum represented by two subrectangular lateral plates with a complete spiracular opening; bursa copulatrix eight to nine times longer than sterigma; ductus bursae elongated with two large bands of signa present throughout its extension, corpus bursae globular and corresponding to 1/5 of the bursae length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F21AAFFC92F22FF2DCB007B0BFD27" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCB007D8FFBBE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCB007F47FC46" bold="true" box="[199,345,888,913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FE8ACB007F82FC46" box="[352,412,888,913]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: dorsally dark brown with thin and elongated scales along the transfrontal suture, on frons and, beneath the eyes; eyes brown to dark brown; labial palpi quadrate, dark brown dorsally, becoming mixed with brown-white scales, with the first segment rectangular and short, second segment long, three times longer than the first, and third segment short, porrect, extending beyond the scales of the second segment; antenna long, reaching 70% of the costa, dorsally and ventrally black checkered with white at the base of all segments; club long, black dorsally and white ventrally; nudum with 11 to 13 segments, black or dark rufous-brown with white micro setae and one pair of spines laterally on each segment. Female as in male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCC0C7AFDFB66" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCC0C7F06FB5A" box="[199,280,1140,1165]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: entirely covered with dark rufous brown scales including the tegulae; legs latero-externally rufous brown and latero-internally pale yellow with white scales between femur-tibia. Female as in male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCCC67B1EFAF7" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCCC67F9FFB02" box="[199,385,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Forewing length</emphasis>
|
||
: males
|
||
<quantity id="4C9DDFC4FFC92F23FE31CCC57C53FB02" box="[475,589,1213,1237]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="12.0">12–17mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=46) and females
|
||
<quantity id="4C9DDFC4FFC92F23FCD0CCC47DCBFB02" box="[826,981,1212,1237]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="16.5" valueMin="12.5">12.5–16.5mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=42); triangular, one and a half times longer than wide; origin of M2 closer to M3 than to M1; discal cell partially open due to the absence of dcm; 3A short. Females have a more rounded forewing than males and the dcm partially closes the discal cell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCD557ADDFA0B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCD557F5BFA93" box="[199,325,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Upper side</emphasis>
|
||
: ground color brown to dark rufous brown; fringe pale brown; two groups of hyaline spots, one subapical with three small spots in R3–R4, R4–R5 and R5–M1 and one discal with two large spots, in M3–CuA1 and CuA1–CuA2, with the last one more developed than the first; males with an inclined “V”-shaped brand at the origin of CuA2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E6EA4FFC92F23FEE8CDE57F99FA61" box="[258,391,1437,1462]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,1214,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1442,1214,1958]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20. Male brands of Cumbre species. 17, Cumbre cumbre. 18, Cumbre meridionalis stat. rev.. 19, Cumbre haywardi sp. nov., paratype. 20, Cumbre lamasi sp. nov., paratype. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286775/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Figs 17–20</figureCitation>
|
||
); costal margin slightly rufous; cream spot (sometimes absent) below the hyaline discal spot group on 2A. Female as in male, except for the absence of the brand and a fainter color pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCD9F7D37F9B8" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCD9F7F22F9D7" box="[199,316,1511,1536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Underside</emphasis>
|
||
: ground color brown to dark brown; fringe pale brown with dark brown scales at the end of the veins; outer marginal line dark brown, lighter at the veins; discal region dark, from the postdiscal region to anal margin dark; costal margin slightly rufous; apical region brown; pale brown to gray submarginal patch from R4 to CuA2, larger in M1. Female color pattern fainter than male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCE057C10F933" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCE057F2BF941" box="[199,309,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Hindwing</emphasis>
|
||
: oval-shaped with a prominent anal lobe; costal vein short; basal cell present; M2 absent in male; discal cell open, with a small branch of dci. Female has a subtriangular hindwing with a pronounced apex; M2 present and the discal cell closed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCE887A91F8FB" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCE887F5BF8DF" box="[199,325,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Upper side</emphasis>
|
||
: background color as in the forewing with several thin elongated scales in the median-posterior area; fringe pale brown; outer marginal line brown. Female color pattern fainter than male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC92F23FF2DCF4F7B54F834" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC92F23FF2DCF4F7F25F887" box="[199,315,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Underside</emphasis>
|
||
: background color brown; fringe pale brown with dark brown scales at the end of the veins; outer marginal line brown, lighter at the veins; basal band brown to dark brown; discal transverse band pale brown to cream from costal margin to 2A; postdiscal area brown to dark brown; transverse band from apex to 2A with six pale brown to gray postdiscal spots in Rs–M1, M1–M3 (two spots), M3–CuA1, CuA1–CuA2, and a larger one in CuA2–2A; submarginal patch pale brown to gray from M1 to CuA2, larger in M3. Female color pattern fainter than male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC82F22FF2DC8EF7B24FF67" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,789]" box="[199,1338,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FF2DC8EF7F2FFF67" box="[199,305,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: dorsally dark brown and ventrally cream with a black thin (sometimes absent) median line.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC82F22FF2DC8C47F33FDCF" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FF2DC8C47F72FF02" box="[199,364,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E6EA4FFC82F22FE96C8C47C1FFF03" box="[380,513,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 44" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1403,1425]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,259,1370]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[173,1417,254,1381]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 44. Male genitalia of Cumbre species. Left to right: dorsal view of the tegumen, fenestra and uncus; ventral view of the tegumen, uncus and gnathos; lateral view of the tegumen, uncus, gnathos and saccus; left view of the right valva; ventral view of the inferior fultura and; aedeagus in left, dorsal, ventral and right views (top to bottom). 21 – 26, Cumbre cumbre. 27 – 32, Cumbre meridionalis stat. rev.. 33 – 38, Cumbre haywardi sp. nov., paratype. 39 – 44, Cumbre lamasi sp. nov., paratype. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286776/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Figs 21–44</figureCitation>
|
||
): tegumen quadrate to globose in lateral view, separated from uncus; ventral “S”- shaped arm of tegumen fused with the dorsal arm of saccus; fenestra developed; anterior projection of saccus smaller or equal to the length of tegumen+uncus; posterior projection of the saccus absent; uncus simple, thin or truncated with the distal portion downturned and equal or exceeding the length of the gnathos; gnathos bifid and formed by the superposition of two elongated plates, with a membranous area in the center; gnathos arms tubular, broader than uncus and with convergent tips (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC82F22FD12C9087DB6FE5F" box="[760,936,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Poanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FD12C9087DB6FE5F" box="[760,936,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">C. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); fultura inferior “U” or “V” shaped; valva with undeveloped costa, sacculus triangular, ampulla restricted to a small dorsal area, harpe developed with an upturned disto-dorsal spine (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC82F22FDB0C9C07D12FE07" box="[602,780,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Poanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FDB0C9C07D12FE07" box="[602,780,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">C. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The ratio between valva and aedeagus is 0.8 to 0.87; aedeagus distally right-turned with simple opening; ejaculatory bulb opening wide, cornuti present as innumerous micro spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC82F22FF2DCA5C7B0BFD27" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FF2DCA5C7F98FDEA" box="[199,390,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E6EA4FFC82F22FE7FCA5C7C07FDEA" box="[405,537,548,573]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 45 – 52" captionStart-1="FIGURES 53 – 60" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1364,1386]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,264,1644,1666]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1432,710,1342]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1417,739,1615]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[151,1436,700,1343]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[151,1436,735,1619]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="FIGURES 45 – 52. Female genitalia of Cumbre species. Sterigma in lateral and ventral views. 45 and 49, Cumbre cumbre. 46 and 50, Cumbre meridionalis stat. rev.. 47 and 51, Cumbre haywardi sp. nov., allotype. 48 and 52, Cumbre lamasi sp. nov., allotype. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 53 – 60. Female genitalia of Cumbre species. Bursa copulatrix in ventral and lateral views. 53 – 54, Cumbre cumbre. 55 – 56, Cumbre meridionalis stat. rev.. 57 – 58, Cumbre haywardi sp. nov., allotype. 59 – 60, Cumbre lamasi sp. nov., allotype. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/286777/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/286778/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Figs 45–60</figureCitation>
|
||
): sterigma sclerotized with the lamella antevaginalis restricted, narrow and with two lateral ribbed plates; lamella postvaginalis wide, distally divided and more sclerotinized; ostium bursae located centrally on the sterigma; eighth tergum represented by two subrectangular lateral plates with a complete spiracular opening (lost during the dissection of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC82F22FDAECAE87CAFFD7F" box="[580,689,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Cumbre" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamasi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FDAECAE87CAFFD7F" box="[580,689,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">C. lamasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FD52CAF77D0CFD7F" bold="true" box="[696,786,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2221348FFC82F22FD52CAF77D0CFD7F" box="[696,786,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); papilla analis developed, rectangular or subrectangular; posterior apophysis present; bursa copulatrix eight to nine times longer than sterigma; ductus bursae elongated with two large bands of signa throughout its extension; corpus bursae globular and with 1/5 of bursa length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F21AAFFC82F22FF2DCA847D2EFCC2" box="[199,816,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA7221FFC82F22FF2DCA847D2EFCC2" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,789]" box="[199,816,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FF2DCA847F50FCC2" bold="true" box="[199,334,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6509A2FFC82F22FEBECA847FB3FCC2" box="[340,429,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Cumbre" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911AE33FFC82F22FEBECA847FB3FCC2" box="[340,429,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Cumbre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a tautonymy of its
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DECC83FFC82F22FD4ACA857CCEFCC2" box="[672,720,765,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |