232 lines
24 KiB
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232 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="6E800FA19CB71B5430643C2ADF6B8EC4" ID-DOI="10.4081/nhs.2015.219" ID-ISSN="2385-0922" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12523705" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1719276155654" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Verloove, Filip & Ardenghi, Nicola M. G." docDate="2015" docId="03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156" docLanguage="en" docName="NatHistSci.2.1.5-14.pdf" docOrigin="Natural History Sciences 2 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219" docStyle="DocumentStyle:926963A4B76E17DFFD817EF231EB8DA9.3:NatHistSci.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="926963A4B76E17DFFD817EF231EB8DA9" docStyleName="NatHistSci.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFF0E87F5E7A0A4FFFEBFF8A8022346E" masterDocTitle="New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1721661234491" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2C0558932858AA8D26CDE69026121658">
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<mods:title id="9B3DDAAA842BD4AA5E7C4B419BEB3B31">New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B579D957AC7AEDCB7C64A05325C069A3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="57CDE049F89F5615A12C4A3747BB1C84">Verloove, Filip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31521A6A8C0BC93280AD2C6DA0C0B538">Botanic Garden of Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, B- 1860 Meise,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A0300E09C017665FF4574381546F0243" type="email">filip.verloove@br.fgov.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5A260B06F13A72EDB5EAEE3047A530F9">Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8228768820AE93AC3A32DDAB9220EB66">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="80EF171B8ED175AC42F4F5947632C788">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A08D67636D91ED76464DF5E588923F81">Natural History Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="058ACDB7143E84323953AD4CDACB54FC">
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<mods:date id="6E6ABE35B0095CE1DB2EC8B642E39326">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="64FFAF3C8886179F8A16B9D74C898E0E">2015-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8A2059EDBB539EC22F1B158015FEAD92" type="DOI">10.4081/nhs.2015.219</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D674BF1A9AB1643CBE0483BE856FC540" type="ISSN">2385-0922</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection id="C37A729A5E7A0A4FFCABF97283C0335F" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7A0A4FFCABF97283C0335F" blockId="0.[831,1474,1784,1962]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="D097967D5E7A0A4FFCABF97283C0335F" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" reason="6">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC107005E7A0A4FFCABF97283FF335F" author="S. Watson" journal="Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts" page="274" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" score="35.62738032613101" volume="12" year="1877">
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<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7A0A4FFCABF9728599337D" ID-CoL="CH52" authority="S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts" box="[832,1467,1784,1811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7A0A4FFCABF9728413337D" bold="true" box="[832,1073,1784,1811]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Amaranthus palmeri</emphasis>
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S.Watson,
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7A0A4FFB58F9738599337D" box="[1203,1467,1784,1811]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 12: 274. 1877
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7A0A4FFF63F8B382133320" blockId="0.[136,561,1848,1871]" box="[136,561,1848,1871]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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© 2015 Filip Verloove, Nicola
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<collectionCode id="ED71B9D45E7A0A4FFE4AF8B2819A3323" box="[417,440,1848,1869]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED71B9D45E7A0A4FFE2AF8B281F63323" box="[449,468,1848,1869]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
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. Ardenghi
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37A729A5E7A0A4FFCABF8BF8422333E" box="[832,1024,1845,1872]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7A0A4FFCABF8BF8422333E" blockId="0.[831,1474,1784,1962]" box="[832,1024,1845,1872]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7A0A4FFCACF8BF83DB333E" box="[839,1017,1845,1872]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A729A5E7A0A4FFC8EF8D9848C33C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7A0A4FFC8EF8D9848C33C4" blockId="0.[831,1474,1784,1962]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of
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<collectingRegion id="49A4EFF35E7A0A4FFAB3F8D985E03303" box="[1368,1474,1875,1901]" country="Italy" name="Piemonte" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Piemonte</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7A0A4FFCACF8FB842C33E2" author="Conti F. & Abbate G. & Alessandrini A. & Blasi C." box="[839,1038,1905,1932]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" refId="ref6446" refString="Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C. (eds.), 2005 - An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. Palombi Editori, Roma." type="book" year="2005">
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Conti
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7A0A4FFC65F8F883E433E5" box="[910,966,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7A0A4FFBF2F8FB857C33E5" author="Celesti-Grapow L. & Alessandrini A. & Arrigoni P. V. & Banfi E. & Bernardo L. & Bovio M. & Brundu G. & Cagiotti M. R. & Camarda I. & Carli E. & Conti F. & Fascetti S. & Galasso G. & Gubellini L. & La Valva V. & Lucchese F. & Marchiori S. & Mazzola P. & Peccenini S. & Poldini L. & Pretto F. & Prosser F. & Siniscalco C. & Villani M. C. & Viegi L. & Wilhalm T. & Blasi C." box="[1049,1374,1905,1931]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" pagination="386 - 430" refId="ref6202" refString="Celesti-Grapow L., Alessandrini A., Arrigoni P. V., Banfi E., Bernardo L., Bovio M., Brundu G., Cagiotti M. R., Camarda I., Carli E., Conti F., Fascetti S., Galasso G., Gubellini L., La Valva V., Lucchese F., Marchiori S., Mazzola P., Peccenini S., Poldini L., Pretto F., Prosser F., Siniscalco C., Villani M. C., Viegi L., Wilhalm T. & Blasi C., 2009 a - Inventory of the non-native flora of Italy. Plant Biosystems, 143 (2): 386 - 430." type="journal article" year="2009">
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Celesti-Grapow
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7A0A4FFB3AF8F8852B33E5" box="[1233,1289,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2009a
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Iamonico
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7A0A4FFC8AF81A83BB33C7" box="[865,921,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2015; Iamonico, 2015).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7A0A4FFF63F8E181AA33EE" blockId="0.[136,509,1898,1946]" box="[136,392,1898,1921]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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Received:
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<date id="FFDE07D15E7A0A4FFF03F8E181AA33EE" box="[232,392,1898,1920]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" value="2015-01-10">
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10
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<superScript id="7C158C595E7A0A4FFF14F8E0812B3318" attach="left" box="[255,265,1898,1910]" fontSize="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">th</superScript>
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January 2015
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</date>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7A0A4FFF63F80E81DF33F4" blockId="0.[136,509,1898,1946]" box="[136,509,1924,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
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Accepted for publication:
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<date id="FFDE07D15E7A0A4FFE9EF80E81DF33F4" box="[373,509,1924,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" value="2015-04-19">
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19
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<superScript id="7C158C595E7A0A4FFE67F80E81B433FE" attach="left" box="[396,406,1924,1936]" fontSize="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">th</superScript>
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April 2015
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</date>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37A729A5E7B0A4EFF7CFF0280933492" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7B0A4EFF7CFF0280933492" blockId="1.[113,757,135,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">
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<materialsCitation id="3B082B4C5E7B0A4EFF7CFF02808F3492" collectingDate="2014-09-09" collectionCode="F" country="Italy" location="river Scrivia" municipality="Tortona" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Piemonte">
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFF7CFF0280CD34CC" box="[151,239,136,162]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">ITALY</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49A4EFF35E7B0A4EFF16FF0D814934CF" box="[253,363,135,161]" country="Italy" name="Piemonte" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Piemonte</collectingRegion>
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. Prov. Alessandria:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BBBBB6B5E7B0A4EFDBEFF02829334CC" box="[597,689,136,162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Tortona</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8EBF77CA5E7B0A4EFD54FF0D80E234AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156:8EBF77CA5E7B0A4EFD54FF0D80E234AE" country="Italy" municipality="Tortona" name="river Scrivia" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Piemonte">river Scrivia</location>
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at railway bridge, gravelly riverbed, locally, along with
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<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7B0A4EFF58FF4E814434B0" box="[179,358,196,222]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFF58FF4E814434B0" box="[179,358,196,222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">A. tuberculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="FFDE07D15E7B0A4EFE96FF4E81DC34B0" box="[381,510,196,222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" value="2014-09-09">
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<collectingDate id="EF9AFE395E7B0A4EFE96FF4E81DC34B0" box="[381,510,196,222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" value="2014-09-09">09.09.2014</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFDF9FF4F82D634B0" box="[530,756,196,222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">
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<collectionCode id="ED71B9D45E7B0A4EFDF9FF4F820534B0" box="[530,551,197,222]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
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.
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<location id="8EBF77CA5E7B0A4EFDD2FF4E82BC34B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156:8EBF77CA5E7B0A4EFDD2FF4E82BC34B0" box="[569,670,196,222]" country="Italy" name="Verloove" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Piemonte">Verloove</location>
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11206
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</emphasis>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED71B9D45E7B0A4EFF91FF6880863492" box="[122,164,226,252]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">BR</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A729A5E7B0A4EFF7CFE8A80D837DF" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7B0A4EFF7CFE8A80D837DF" blockId="1.[113,757,135,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">
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<collectionCode id="ED71B9D45E7B0A4EFF7CFE8A808E3574" box="[151,172,256,282]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
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native of the southwestern
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFDEFFE8A82713574" box="[516,595,256,282]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFD7EFE8A82D23574" box="[661,752,256,282]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7B0A4EFF9AFE9481403556" box="[113,354,286,312]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFF9AFE9481403556" box="[113,354,286,312]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Amaranthus palmeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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now occurs as a weed in Europe, Asia and
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFF0FFEB6816C3538" box="[228,334,316,342]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFE8BFEB682E43538" author="Mosyakin S. L. & Robertson K. R." box="[352,710,316,342]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="410 - 435" refId="ref7325" refString="Mosyakin S. L. & Robertson K. R., 2003 - Amaranthus. In: Flora of North America north of Mexico. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, 4: 410 - 435." type="journal article" year="2003">Mosyakin & Robertson, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). In
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFF9AFED08084351A" box="[113,166,346,372]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Italy</collectingCountry>
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it was recently discovered in
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<collectingRegion id="49A4EFF35E7B0A4EFDE2FED082F3351A" box="[521,721,346,372]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
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, in the province of Ravenna (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFE75FEF282B635FD" author="Iamonico D. & Ardenghi N. M. G. & Faggi G." box="[414,660,376,403]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="119 - 120" refId="ref6957" refString="Iamonico D., Ardenghi N. M. G., Faggi G., 2015 - Amaranthus palmeri. In: Euro + Med-Checklist Notulae, 4. Raab-Straube E. von & Raus T. (eds.). Willdenowia, 45 (1): 119 - 120." type="journal article" year="2015">
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Iamonico
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFDFEFEF3826D35FC" box="[533,591,376,402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Iamonico, 2015). While for many decades it remained strictly casual in Europe (often associated with imported cereals or soybeans; e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFEA9FE5982EF3583" author="Verloove F. & Vandenberghe C." box="[322,717,467,493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="35 - 57" refId="ref8355" refString="Verloove F. & Vandenberghe C., 1993 - Nieuwe en in- teressante graanadventieven voor de Noordvlaamse en Noordfranse flora, hoofdzakelijk in 1992. Dumortiera, 53 - 54: 35 - 57." type="book chapter" year="1993">Verloove & Vandenberghe, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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), it managed to naturalize locally in recent times, especially in the Mediterranean area. In Spain naturalized populations were detected around Lleida in 2007 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFD82FDA781503608" author="Verloove F. & Sanchez Gullon E." pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="147 - 167" refId="ref8183" refString="Verloove F. & Sanchez Gullon E., 2008 - New records of interesting xenophytes in the Iberian Peninsula. Acta Botanica Malacitana, 33: 147 - 167." type="journal article" year="2008">Verloove & Sánchez Gullón, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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) and soon afterwards it proved to have become a troublesome agricultural weed in maize fields there (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFEE2FD02823136CC" author="Recasens J. & Conesa J. A. & Royo-Esnal A. & Torra J." box="[265,531,648,674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref7513" refString="Recasens J., Conesa J. A., Royo-Esnal A. & Torra J., 2013 - Amaranthus palmeri en Espana.? Una ame- naza inminente? Plantas invasoras resistencias a her- bicidas y deteccion de malas hierbas. XIII Congreso de la Sociedad Espanola de Malherbologia, La La- guna, Spain, 22 - 24 November 2011: 63 - 66." type="book chapter" year="2013">
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Recasens
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFE69FD0281E336CC" box="[386,449,648,674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Elsewhere in the Mediterranean area stable populations are known from
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFF9AFD4E809036B0" box="[113,178,708,734]" name="Israel" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Israel</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFF1AFD4E816136B0" box="[241,323,708,734]" name="Greece" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Greece</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFEBDFD4E827436B1" author="Raus T. & Raabe U." box="[342,598,708,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="719 - 720" refId="ref7470" refString="Raus T. & Raabe U., 2006 - Amaranthus palmeri. In: Med-Checklist Notulae, 24. Greuter W. & Raus T. (eds.). Willdenowia, 36 (2): 719 - 720." type="journal article" year="2006">Raus & Raabe, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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). In Ravenna province the plant was regarded as casual (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFD6EFD6880D93775" author="Iamonico D. & Ardenghi N. M. G. & Faggi G." pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="119 - 120" refId="ref6957" refString="Iamonico D., Ardenghi N. M. G., Faggi G., 2015 - Amaranthus palmeri. In: Euro + Med-Checklist Notulae, 4. Raab-Straube E. von & Raus T. (eds.). Willdenowia, 45 (1): 119 - 120." type="journal article" year="2015">
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Iamonico
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFF9AFC8B808F3774" box="[113,173,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Iamonico, 2015), even though the species was confirmed for at least two years consecutively in the same site (see http://www.actaplantarum.org/floraitaliae/viewtopic.php?f=106&t=67866, retrieved on
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<date id="FFDE07D15E7B0A4EFF9AFCF3811037FD" box="[113,306,889,915]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" value="2014-12">December 2014</date>
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); in Tortona the population is clearly naturalized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A729A5E7B0A4EFF7CFC3F813E3156" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDF21115E7B0A4EFF7CFC3F813E3156" blockId="1.[113,757,135,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7B0A4EFF7CFC3F81AF37A1" ID-CoL="CH52" box="[151,397,949,975]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFF7CFC3F81AF37A1" box="[151,397,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Amaranthus palmeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a dioecious species. In
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<collectingCountry id="F37761815E7B0A4EFD20FC3C80AA3783" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">Italy</collectingCountry>
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a related species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7B0A4EFE8AFC5982CD3783" ID-CoL="CH7D" authority="(Moq.) J. D. Sauer" authorityName="J. D. Sauer" baseAuthorityName="Moq." box="[353,751,979,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
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<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFE8AFC5982353783" box="[353,535,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">A. tuberculatus</emphasis>
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(Moq.) J.D.Sauer
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</taxonomicName>
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, has been known since 1975 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFE3CFC7B82AC3065" author="Soldano A." box="[471,654,1009,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" pagination="61 - 70" refId="ref7689" refString="Soldano A., 1982 - Naturalizzazione in val Padana di " Amaranthus rudis " Sauer (Amaranthaceae) esot- ica nuova per la flora italiana. Segnalazione di al- tre specie di importazione nuove per alcune regioni dell'Italia settentrionale o per qualche provincia del Piemonte. Rivista Piemontese di storia naturale, 3: 61 - 70." type="journal article" year="1982">Soldano, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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|
). It now has become an invasive species in riparian habitats and cultivated fields (
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFF15CE05E7B0A4EFE96FBA782BC3026" author="Banfi E. & Galasso G." box="[381,670,1069,1096]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" refId="ref5884" refString="Banfi E. & Galasso G. (eds.), 2010 - La flora esotica lom- barda. Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano, Milano: 1 - 274 + Cd-Rom." type="book" year="2010">Banfi & Galasso, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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|
), especially in the plain of river Po and its tributaries. Since
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7B0A4EFF9AFBE080D730EA" ID-CoL="CH52" box="[113,245,1130,1156]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
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|
<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFF9AFBE080D730EA" box="[113,245,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">A. palmeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
is equally aggressive and occurs in the same
|
|
<typeStatus id="54DB9FB35E7B0A4EFF5DFB0280C830CC" box="[182,234,1160,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
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|
of habitats, similar behavior is predictable. Both species are rather alike and may have been confused.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C605A925E7B0A4EFF2FFB4F816130B0" ID-CoL="CH52" box="[196,323,1220,1247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
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|
<emphasis id="B914FD035E7B0A4EFF2FFB4F816130B0" box="[196,323,1220,1247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="6">A. palmeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has much longer bracts and tepals, the inflorescence therefore being stiff and prickly in appearance. In Tortona, along Scrivia river, both grow sympatrically.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |