treatments-xml/data/03/C8/87/03C887E5FFFDFF84FF12A321FD04F910.xml
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<mods:title id="F7B63ECC3925A35515ED27575918FE5E">The genital area of Halacaridae (Acari), life stages and development of morphological characters and implication on the classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="83F10A86B67A41D4A2DA1CD50ED28048">Bartsch, Ilse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="805034731FD4B8E9DD5947A5588C7C37">2015</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFFDFF84FF12A321FEA7FBFC" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF12A321FDA6FBDE" blockId="22.[151,590,1086,1146]" box="[151,590,1086,1112]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<heading id="D096819FFFFDFF84FF12A321FDA6FBDE" bold="true" box="[151,590,1086,1112]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFFDFF84FF12A321FDA6FBDE" authority="Kocak &amp; Kemal, 2008" authorityName="Kocak &amp; Kemal" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,590,1086,1112]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Makarovana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF12A321FDA6FBDE" bold="true" box="[151,590,1086,1112]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF12A321FEDAFBDE" bold="true" box="[151,306,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Makarovana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFDFF84FEBCA321FDA6FBDE" author="Kocak" box="[313,590,1086,1112]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" refString="Kocak, A. O. &amp; Kemal, M. (2008) Nomenclatural notes on the genus group names of the order Acarina. Centre of Entomological Studies, Miscellaneous Papers, 145, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="2008">Koçak &amp; Kemal, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF12A37EFEA7FBFC" blockId="22.[151,590,1086,1146]" box="[151,335,1121,1146]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">(Figs 62 and 63)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFFDFF84FF12A3B6FCE0FB44" box="[151,776,1193,1218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF12A3B6FCE0FB44" blockId="22.[151,1437,1193,1686]" box="[151,776,1193,1218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF12A3B6FEDAFB44" bold="true" box="[151,306,1193,1218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<typeStatus id="54DA8851FFFDFF84FF12A3B6FF3AFB44" box="[151,210,1193,1218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFFDFF84FEBCA3B6FCECFB44" authority="Makarova, 1978" authorityName="Makarova" authorityYear="1978" box="[313,772,1193,1218]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Acanthopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FEBCA3B6FDAAFB44" box="[313,578,1193,1218]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Acanthopalpus hirsutus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFDFF84FDCCA3B6FCECFB44" author="Makarova" box="[585,772,1193,1218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" refString="Makarova, N. G. (1978) [Marine mites (Acarina, Halacaridae) from the intertidal zone of the Gulf of Anadyr (Bering Sea).] In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), The intertidal zone of the Bering Sea and south-eastern Kamchatka. Publishing House Nauka, Moscow, pp. 131 - 149. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1978">Makarova, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFFDFF84FF42A3D2FC26F9CB" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF42A3D2FB13FA1F" blockId="22.[151,1437,1193,1686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF42A3D2FECDFB60" bold="true" box="[199,293,1229,1254]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Female.</emphasis>
Genital and anal plates fused. GA with three pairs of pgs, each genital sclerite with two sgs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFDFF84FAC0A3D2FEC4FA8C" author="Bartsch" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" refString="Bartsch, I. (1978) Halacaridae (Acari) von Gezeitenstranden Nordnorwegens. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 70, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Bartsch 1978: fig. 26</bibRefCitation>
). Three small pairs of internal gac, two situated in middle part of GO, one pair in posterior part (Fig. 62). Ovipositor at rest hardly extending beyond GO. Basis of ovipositor with pair of spines, apex with ten moderately sclerotized spines (Fig. 63), these four anterior and six posterior spines ending with bifid tip. In ovipositor at rest pair of basal spines and two anterior pairs of apical spines visible through genital sclerites, the former pair near anterior margin of GO, the latter near posterior margin. AE without epimeral pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF42A2BAFE7EFA38" blockId="22.[151,1437,1193,1686]" box="[199,406,1445,1470]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF42A2BAFEE3FA38" bold="true" box="[199,267,1445,1470]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Male.</emphasis>
Not known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF42A2D6FC26F9CB" blockId="22.[151,1437,1193,1686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF42A2D6FED4FA64" bold="true" box="[199,316,1481,1506]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Juveniles.</emphasis>
With two nymphal and one larval stage. Genital and anal plates fused in both proto- and deutonymphs. Deutonymph with two pairs of pgs, two pairs of sgs, and two pairs of internal gac (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFDFF84FB57A2F2FF5EF9AC" author="Bartsch" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" refString="Bartsch, I. (1978) Halacaridae (Acari) von Gezeitenstranden Nordnorwegens. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 70, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Bartsch 1978: fig. 33</bibRefCitation>
). GA of protonymph with one pair of internal gac (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFDFF84FCA6A10EFBCCF9AC" author="Bartsch" box="[803,1060,1553,1578]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" refString="Bartsch, I. (1978) Halacaridae (Acari) von Gezeitenstranden Nordnorwegens. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 70, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Bartsch 1978: fig. 34</bibRefCitation>
); pgs and sgs lacking. AE with remnants of epimeral pores. Larval AE with pair of small epimeral pores.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFFDFF84FF42A146FD04F910" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFDFF84FF42A146FD04F910" blockId="22.[151,1437,1193,1686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFDFF84FF42A146FED3F9F4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1625,1650]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223">Remarks.</emphasis>
Two species have been described. The records are from cold-temperate to Arctic waters of the northern Atlantic and Pacific Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFDFF84FDBDA162FD08F910" author="Bartsch" box="[568,736,1661,1686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="223" refString="Bartsch, I. (2009 a) Checklist of marine and freshwater halacarid mite genera and species (Halacaridae: Acari) with notes on synonyms, habitats, distribution and descriptions of the taxa. Zootaxa, 1998, 1 - 170." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="a">Bartsch 2009a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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