228 lines
28 KiB
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228 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="10892F6F8F735EECEE4FCD74192CF237">An evaluation of the nomina for death adders (Acanthophis Daudin, 1803) proposed by Wells & Wellington (1985), and confirmation of A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015 as the valid name for the Kimberley death adder</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D046BD2DC04E55B0044D189C2FBDCECA">Ellis, Ryan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="159F5B08FA68EECE22E28C96FA3C0C31">Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool WA 6016, Australia & Biologic Environmental Survey, 24 - 26 Wickham St, East Perth, Western Australia 6004, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D78BA834F9CD301D95DA8F20C54A56EA">Kaiser, Hinrich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7283676BC239568533C2F7E708C53AFF">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany; and Department of Biology, Victor Valley College, 18422 Bear Valley Road, Victorville, California 92395, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9EB5D85F177FAC0CCF6371EB3E8DDE17">Maddock, Simon T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C571C741D4ECDD4D551F8E44177F8CA4">Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV 1 1 LY, United Kingdom & Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom & Island Biodiversity and Conservation Centre, University of Seychelles, Mahé, Seychelles</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E26C2993F4C7EB26ED888F2CAF7664B8">Doughty, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0AD36DDAC0821663D76A3CC703C0877">Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool WA 6016, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6A7C344C4C0B8CAAD2E503B1F113105C">Wüster, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BC12C64C0ED70BA59CEF601E4D137F23">Molecular Biology and Evolution at Bangor, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL 57 2 UW, United Kingdom Corresponding author. w. wuster @ bangor. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4890 - 4311</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="02F749841A4DA3527B2FB2D4F4C18D40" type="email">w.wuster@bangor.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="93414613DD3E5A9CB3C123C320EA0FDB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="13B5E0372C5ED8BEB3D004980F965012">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="395DE48777ECDA0577527CC4D58FBCA7">2021-06-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E244D38EAFA781D78358B70942B20736">4995</mods:number>
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FF193F07FC77FDC6" bold="true" box="[151,907,541,568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">
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Availability of
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FEC13F07FDB9FDC9" bold="true" box="[335,581,541,568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Acanthophis hawkei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FF193F79FE30FD8C" author="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R." box="[151,460,610,637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref9592" refString="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R. (1985) A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology Supplementary Series, 1, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1985">Wells & Wellington (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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named
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FDA93F79FD6BFD8C" box="[551,663,611,637]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. hawkei</emphasis>
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from the Barkly Tableland of the
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. The name has generally been considered available (Aplin 1999;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FD533F9FFBFDFD6E" author="Aplin, K. P. & Donnellan, S. C." box="[733,1025,645,671]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref7263" refString="Aplin, K. P. & Donnellan, S. C. (1999) An extended description of the Pilbara death adder, Acanthophis wellsi Hoser (Serpentes: Elapidae), with notes on the desert death adder, A. pyrrhus Boulenger, and identification of a possible hybrid zone. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 19, 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1999">Aplin & Donnellan 1999</bibRefCitation>
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) and has been widely used for the blacksoil plains death adders of the northern NT in the subsequent literature (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FBA03FB3FB03FD32" author="Wuster, W. & Dumbrell, A. J. & Hay, C. & Pook, C. E. & Williams, D. J. & Fry, B. G." box="[1070,1279,680,707]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref10082" refString="Wuster, W., Dumbrell, A. J., Hay, C., Pook, C. E., Williams, D. J. & Fry, B. G. (2005) Snakes across the Strait: trans-Torresian phylogeographic relationships in three genera of Australasian snakes (Serpentes: Elapidae: Acanthophis, Oxyuranus, and Pseudechis). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 34, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2004.08.018" type="journal article" year="2005">
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Wüster
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FB0B3FB3FB4AFD33" box="[1157,1206,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">et al</emphasis>
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. 2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FA853FB2FA64FD33" author="Eipper, S." box="[1291,1432,680,706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref8296" refString="Eipper, S. (2012) A Guide to Australian Snakes in Captivity. Elapids & Colubrids. Reptile Publications, Burleigh BC, Queensland, 280 pp." type="book" year="2012">Eipper 2012</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FF193FD1FED0FD14" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[151,300,715,741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref7854" refString="Cogger, H. G. (2014) Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. 7 th Edition. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, xxx + 1063 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109773" type="book" year="2014">Cogger 2014</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FEB63FD1FE8FFD14" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[312,371,715,741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref7895" refString="Cogger, H. G. (2018) Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. Updated 7 th Edition. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, xxxii + 1096 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9781486309702" type="book" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FEF13FD1FDA2FD14" author="Wallach, V. & Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J." box="[383,606,715,741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref9488" refString="Wallach, V., Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J. (2014) Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, xxvii + 1237 pp." type="book" year="2014">
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Wallach
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FE6C3FD1FDE8FD14" box="[482,532,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FDE43FD1FC9CFD14" author="Wilson, S. & Swan, G." box="[618,864,715,741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref9943" refString="Wilson, S. & Swan, G. (2017) A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. Fifth Edition. Reed New Holland, Chatswood, New South Wales, 647 pp." type="book" year="2017">Wilson & Swan 2017</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FCE53FD1FC5BFD14" author="Wilson, S. & Swan, G." box="[875,935,715,741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref9979" refString="Wilson, S. & Swan, G. (2020) A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. Sixth Edition. Reed New Holland, Chatswood, New South Wales, 688 pp." type="book" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FC3D3FD1FB6DFD14" author="Boundy, J." box="[947,1169,715,741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" refId="ref7483" refString="Boundy, J. (2020) Snakes of the World: A Supplement. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, viii + 273 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9780429461354" type="book" year="2020">
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Boundy
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FB9D3FD1FBB9FD14" box="[1043,1093,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">et al</emphasis>
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. 2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The description of the taxon reads as follows, reproduced here as in the original, including errors in spelling and punctuation (
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):
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</paragraph>
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FF5B3E6DFE3CFC63" authority="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster, 2021" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[213,448,887,914]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawkei" status="sp. nov.">Acanthophis hawkei</taxonomicName>
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:
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adult specimen in the
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBCFF956877BA815FC763E81FBBBFC44" box="[1016,1095,923,949]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">R3677</specimenCode>
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. Collected
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south west of
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,
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,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877BA815FC293EA7FB8BFC26" box="[935,1143,957,983]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectorName id="269C34FB877BA815FB2A3EA4FABBFC26" box="[1188,1351,957,984]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Hans van Dyk</collectorName>
|
||
on 20
|
||
<collectorName id="269C34FB877BA815FF673EFAFEDBFC0B" box="[233,295,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">April</collectorName>
|
||
, 1977.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6512D877BA815FF493919FBAEFA2E" blockId="7.[199,1389,887,1504]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">
|
||
Diagnosis: A large member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FDD63919FC97FBED" baseAuthorityName="Shaw & Nodder" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[600,875,1027,1053]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FDD63919FC97FBED" box="[600,875,1027,1053]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Acanthophis antarcticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex, believed confined to the blacksoil plains of the Barkly Tablelands,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877BA815FDB4393FFCF0FBCE" box="[570,780,1061,1087]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
. This species is the largest of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FB57393FFA99FBCE" authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" box="[1241,1381,1061,1087]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FB57393FFA99FBCE" box="[1241,1381,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Acanthophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reaching a maximum total length of
|
||
<quantity id="4C91FCC8877BA815FDE73952FD58FB93" box="[617,676,1096,1122]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="1.2">1.2m</quantity>
|
||
. It is an abundant snake, particularly in the Anthony’s Lagoon area, N.T., during favourable weather. This most spectacular of the death adders feeds on small mammals and has large quantities of highly toxic venom that may have application for medical research. It was first discovered by Dr Ross K. Pengilley, a scientist carrying out wildlife survey work in the region, whilst employed by the Conservation Commission of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877BA815FD6439C9FC40FB1C" box="[746,956,1235,1261]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Specimens were sent to the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877BA815FA8939C9FED6FAFE" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
Museum in Darwin where they have remained largely unstudied. It is understood that an amateur herpetologist in Darwin has bred this species in captivity but as yet nothing has been published on this exciting event. Juveniles of this species are distinctly yellowish orange with grey and black flecking in contrast to its near relative
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FE403844FD4DFA86" box="[462,689,1373,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FE403844FDA1FA86" authority="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster, 2021" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[462,605,1373,1400]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri" status="sp. nov.">A. lancasteri</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E3044877BA815FDEA3844FD4DFA86" box="[612,689,1374,1399]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which tends to be more uniform brown with lighter transverse banding. Wells and Peterson, (
|
||
<quantity id="4C91FCC8877BA815FD94389AFD93FA6B" box="[538,623,1408,1435]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0419" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" unit="in" value="1985.0">1985 in</quantity>
|
||
press) provide an illustration of this species and its relatives, as well as ecological and morphological data. Etymology: Named for the Prime Minister of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E11BD877BA815FBE738B9FB2FFA4C" box="[1129,1235,1443,1469]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, The Rt. Hon. Robert J. Hawke, in recognition of his part in saving the Tasmanian Wilderness.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6512D877BA815FF493B11FC23F922" blockId="7.[151,1437,1547,1747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">
|
||
The species description includes a comparison of character states between this taxon and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FB583B11FA94F9D4" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[1238,1384,1547,1573]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FB583B11FA94F9D4" box="[1238,1384,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FF193B37FED0F9B6" bold="true" box="[151,300,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">accompanies</emphasis>
|
||
the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FD8F3B34FD8CF9B6" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[513,624,1581,1608]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FD8F3B34FD8CF9B6" box="[513,624,1581,1608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. hawkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As a consequence of the sentence contrasting juvenile colouration, this diagnosis fulfils the conditions of Article 13.1.1. for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FD6E3B4AFCB2F99B" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[736,846,1616,1642]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FD6E3B4AFCB2F99B" box="[736,846,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. hawkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13524DA8877BA815FCD33B4AFC4FF99B" box="[861,947,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1092,1116]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,179,1066]" captionTargetId="figure-22@6.[151,1436,179,1066]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. The four death adder species, genus Acanthophis, whose valid nomina we discuss herein. (A) A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015 from the Mueller Ranges, ca. 110 km southwest of Halls Creek, Western Australia. (B) A. pyrrhus Boulenger, 1898 from 40 km south of Port Hedland, Western Australia. (C) A. hawkei Wells & Wellington, 1985 from the Barkly Tableland, Northern Territory, Australia. (D) A. antarcticus (Shaw & Nodder, 1802) from Canning Dam, near Ashendon, Western Australia. Photos by Ray Lloyd (A, B, D) and Tom Parkin (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
), thereby making the naming
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FA8F3B4AFAC0F99B" box="[1281,1340,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Code</emphasis>
|
||
-compliant and the name itself available. It does not simultaneously make
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FCF33B69FBF0F97C" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[893,1036,1651,1677]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FCF33B69FBF0F97C" box="[893,1036,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
available, because the text in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FA0A3B69FF1AF95E" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FA0A3B69FF1AF95E" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. hawkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
account does not
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FE213B8CFDCEF941" bold="true" box="[431,562,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">accompany</emphasis>
|
||
the naming of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FD573B8CFC9BF95E" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[729,871,1685,1712]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FD573B8CFC9BF95E" box="[729,871,1685,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and was explicitly excluded from a role in naming that species by Wells & Wellington’s reference to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FD483BA2FCB3F923" author="Storr, G. M." box="[710,847,1720,1746]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |