473 lines
36 KiB
XML
473 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143693872" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-97-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239255" ModsDocID="1314-2003-97-1" checkinTime="1524638383340" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, David M. & Murray, Nancy A." docDate="2018" docId="886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 97: 1-252" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 97" docPubDate="2018-04-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" docTitle="Xylopia monticola D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" masterDocId="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" updateTime="1643467003316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">namurray@owu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-04-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>97</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>252</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-97-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1239255</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="143693872" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851" lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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36.
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<taxonomicName LSID="886A7CC6-80D1-BC88-3FE3-B1DE53D10851" authority="D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray" authorityName="D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola" status="sp. nov.">Xylopia monticola D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="153" pageNumber="154">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Xylopia thomsonii, X. monticola, X. talbotii, and X. dinklagei. A-C X. thomsonii A Fruit B Leaf C Flower D-E X. monticola D Flower E Leaf and fruit F X. talbotii, flower, side view G-I X. dinklagei G Leaf H Flower I Fruit. A from de Wilde & de Wilde-Duyfjes 2703 (K) B, C from Talbot & Talbot 3267 (BM) D from Chapman 3755 (K) E from Thomas et al. 7400 (MO) F from Thomas 3204 (MO) G, H from Dinklage 1840 (A) I from Baldwin 10805 (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199124" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Fig. 39D-E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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Species resembling
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Richard, Hist. phys. Cuba, Pl. vasc. 1: 55. 1841 ["" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dunal" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Xylopia acutiflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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s. s. and
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<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its indument of mixed long and short hairs, and 1-flowered inflorescences with the short pedicels bearing 3 or more persistent bracts, but differing from
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<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">X. acutiflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the prominent abaxial leaf reticulum, the longer pedicels (5.2-8.1 mm), the outer petals (15.6-) 36-52 mm long, and the monocarps with wrinkled stipes 8-13 mm long and 3-5 seeds in a single row; from
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<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it differs in the erect tree habit and the monocarps not exceeding 4 cm in length with proportionately longer stipes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1975-02-28" collectorName="N. E. State, J. D. Chapman" country="NIGERIA" county="State" elevation="1676" location="Kurmin Kugapa" municipality="Sardauna Province" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taraba" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Nigeria">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Taraba">Taraba</collectingRegion>
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["
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<collectorName>N. E. State</collectorName>
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"]
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<collectingCounty>State</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Sardauna Province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:DF2F3F5B3984ED4D89B1E4D1C08DF26C" country="NIGERIA" county="State" municipality="Sardauna Province" name="Kurmin Kugapa" stateProvince="Taraba">Kurmin Kugapa</location>
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, below
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:8B55663F3B09979845ADB0818C471C83" country="NIGERIA" county="State" municipality="Sardauna Province" name="Kurmin Dodo" stateProvince="Taraba">Kurmin Dodo</location>
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below the western edge of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:0B7F680F724616851243796DA4D97043" country="NIGERIA" county="State" municipality="Sardauna Province" name="Cabbal Wade" stateProvince="Taraba">Cabbal Wade</location>
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["Chappal Waddi"], ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" unit="ft" value="5500.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" unit="ft" value="5500.0">5500 ft</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1975-02-28">28 Feb 1975</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<collectorName>J. D. Chapman</collectorName>
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3755
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: K!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="154" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="154" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Tree</emphasis>
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up to 10 m (-20 m) tall.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Twigs</emphasis>
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brown, pubescent, the hairs 0.1-1.2 mm long, eventually light grayish brown, glabrate; no nodes with two axillary branches seen.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Leaf</emphasis>
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with larger blades 7.8-10.9 cm long, 2.7-5.1 cm wide, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, concolorous, lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, elliptic to oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, apex blunt-acuminate, the acumen 4.5-16 mm long, base broadly cuneate to nearly rounded, pubescent on the midrib but otherwise glabrous adaxially, sparsely pubescent to glabrate abaxially; midrib plane adaxially, raised abaxially, secondary veins somewhat arcuate, weakly brochidodromous, 7-13 per side, diverging at 65-70° from the midrib, plane to slightly raised adaxially, raised abaxially, higher-order veins plane or slightly raised and distinct in patches adaxially, raised and reticulate abaxially; petiole 3.5-9 mm long, shallowly canaliculate, sometimes slightly flattened, sparsely pubescent to pubescent.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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axillary, 1-flowered, pubescent; pedicels 5.2-8.1 mm long, 1-1.3 mm thick; bracts 3-4, evenly spaced along pedicel, persistent, 2-3.1 mm long, ovate but sometimes bifid when torn down the middle, apex acute; buds linear, slightly falciform, apex acute.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Sepals</emphasis>
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slightly spreading at anthesis, connate at base, 2.7-3.5 mm long, 2.9-3.1 mm wide, coriaceous, triangular to ovate, apex acute, pubescent abaxially.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Petals</emphasis>
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creamy white
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">in vivo</emphasis>
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; outer petals spreading, (15.6-) 36-52 mm long, 2.7-3.6 mm wide at base, 1.6-1.7 mm wide at midpoint, coriaceous, linear, weakly longitudinally ridged abaxially, apex acute, pubescent adaxially, sericeous abaxially; inner petals erect to spreading, (15.5-) 29-37 mm long, 2.0-2.6 mm wide at base, 0.7-0.8 mm wide at midpoint, coriaceous, filiform, apex obtuse, base with undifferentiated margin, with weak longitudinal ridges on both surfaces, pubescent on both surfaces except for glabrous base.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Stamens</emphasis>
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160-200; fertile stamens 1.8-2.2 mm long, narrowly oblong, apex of connective 0.2-0.3 mm long, shieldlike, overhanging the anther thecae, glabrous, anthers 10-12-locellate, filament ca. 0.6 mm long; outer staminodes 1.5-1.9 mm long, clavate, apex truncate or sometimes emarginate; inner staminodes 0.7-0.9 mm long, broadly clavate or oblong, apex truncate; staminal cone 1.7-1.9 mm in diameter, 1.3-1.5 mm high, completely concealing the ovaries, rim laciniate.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Carpels</emphasis>
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7-8; ovaries 1.2-1.3 mm long, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, densely pubescent, stigmas loosely connivent, 2-3.4 mm long, linear, glabrous except for a tuft of hairs at the apex.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Torus</emphasis>
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flat, 1.7-2.4 mm in diameter.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Fruit</emphasis>
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of up to 5 glabrate monocarps borne on a pedicel 6-8.7 mm long, 1.5-2.8 mm thick, sparsely pubescent, sometimes with bracts or sepals persistent; torus 3.1-5 mm in diameter, 1.5-2.9 mm high, depressed-globose.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Monocarps</emphasis>
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with a green exterior and red endocarp
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">in vivo</emphasis>
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, 3.4-4.0 cm long, 0.9-1.0 cm wide, 0.6-0.7 cm thick, narrowly
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<pageBreakToken pageId="154" pageNumber="155" start="start">oblong</pageBreakToken>
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and slightly falciform, torulose, apex obtuse, occasionally with an offset beak 0.5-2 mm long, base contracted into a stipe 8-13 mm long, 2.1-2.6 mm thick, longitudinally wrinkled with furrows extending down stipes, verrucose; pericarp 0.2-0.4 mm thick.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Seeds</emphasis>
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up to 5 per monocarp, in a single row, lying oblique to long axis, 11-13.1 mm long, 6.4-6.5 mm wide, 5.8-6.2 mm thick, oblong, broadly elliptic to circular in cross-section, truncate at micropylar end but with endostome protruding, rounded at chalazal end, tan, smooth, faintly shiny, raphe/antiraphe visible only as a faintly raised ridge, micropylar scar 2.1-3.2 mm long, 1.8-3.3 mm wide, irregularly circular; sarcotesta glaucous
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">in vivo</emphasis>
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; aril absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Specimens with flowers have been collected in February and March, and with fruits in February, March, and May.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Distributions of Xylopia acutiflora, X. dinklagei, X. monticola, X. piratae, X. thomsonii, and X. unguiculata. Bolder lines represent country borders, fainter lines lakes and major rivers." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199119" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">34</figureCitation>
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). Easternmost Nigeria and adjoining Cameroon; gallery forest along streams and in understory of foothill forests: the label of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Chapman 2739</emphasis>
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lists as associates species of
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Liliaceae" genus="Dracaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dracaena" order="Liliiflorae" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Dracaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Osmundaceae" genus="Osmunda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Osmunda" order="Oxalidales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Osmunda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix" order="Salicales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Salix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Vitex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vitex" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Vitex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as well as
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phoenix reclinata" order="Principes" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="reclinata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Phoenix reclinata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; at elevations of 650-1670 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="local name">
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Local name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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Kimba (
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<bibRefCitation author="Chapman, JD" journalOrPublisher="Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" refId="B30" refString="Chapman, JD, Chapman, HM, 2001. The forests of Taraba and Adamawa States, Nigeria: an ecological account and plant species checklist. Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch" title="The forests of Taraba and Adamawa States, Nigeria: an ecological account and plant species checklist." year="2001">Chapman and Chapman 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FHI 45180" collectingDate="1972-03-28" collectingDateMax="1978-02-02" collectingDateMin="1972-03-28" collectorName="N. E. State, Mambilla, Chapman, Gongola State, Ngel Nyaki F., Sardauna Division, Sardauna Div., Leinde Fadale, Mayo Sabere, Sardauna, L. G., Akwaizantar" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" elevation="1067" location="Local Govt. area" municipality="Ganye" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Adamawa">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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<collectingCountry name="Nigeria">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Adamawa">Adamawa</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingCounty>Gongola State</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Ganye</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:E67CBF0DB579766BA3C28BB332004FCF" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Local Govt. area" stateProvince="Adamawa">Local Govt. area</location>
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, well up the western slopes of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:22395B295A9C7AEE2D5922B5B541BE3D" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Vogel Peak" stateProvince="Adamawa">Vogel Peak</location>
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above
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:41FB850909152994DBC9BC00A5376A1F" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Jangla" stateProvince="Adamawa">Jangla</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1977-02-24">24 Feb 1977</collectingDate>
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(fl),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:8580315569975F42ED81A352AD9BC913" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Chapman" stateProvince="Adamawa">Chapman</location>
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4730
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(K).-
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Taraba">Taraba</collectingRegion>
|
|
:
|
|
<collectorName>N. E. State</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:E715C4994987398B664F839514B892C4" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Mambilla" stateProvince="Adamawa">Mambilla</location>
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Plateau">Plateau</collectingRegion>
|
|
, bank of the
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:B89957034DD86257E2DE97EDD579B4DB" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Jigawal" stateProvince="Adamawa">Jigawal</location>
|
|
stream about
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="1½">11/2</normalizedToken>
|
|
hours walk downstream from the
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:C7AF75FEF9425CC9FC58AF4021A41E79" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Maisamari" stateProvince="Adamawa">Maisamari</location>
|
|
plantation,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1972-03-28">28 Mar 1972</collectingDate>
|
|
(fl),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:FD687CCC45C74683675BB8CBCE2622EC" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Chapman" stateProvince="Adamawa">Chapman</location>
|
|
2739 [
|
|
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FHI45180">FHI 45180</accessionNumber>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
] (K);
|
|
<collectorName>N. E. State</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:29FF44B1C7D299B339A46B900588A044" country="NIGERIA" county="Gongola State" municipality="Ganye" name="Sardauna Province" stateProvince="Adamawa">Sardauna Province</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Mambilla</collectorName>
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Plateau">Plateau</collectingRegion>
|
|
, SW foothills, ca.
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1975-03-31">31 Mar 1975</collectingDate>
|
|
(fl),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<collectorName>Chapman</collectorName>
|
|
3786
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(K);
|
|
<collectorName>Gongola State</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Ngel Nyaki F.</collectorName>
|
|
/R.,
|
|
<collectorName>Mambilla</collectorName>
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Plateau">Plateau</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Sardauna Division</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1977-02-03">3 Feb 1977</collectingDate>
|
|
(fr),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<collectorName>Chapman</collectorName>
|
|
4618
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(K);
|
|
<collectorName>Gongola State</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Sardauna Div.</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Leinde Fadale</collectorName>
|
|
["Linedi Faadahree"] high up on the
|
|
<collectorName>Mambilla</collectorName>
|
|
escarpment at the NE corner overlooking
|
|
<collectorName>Mayo Sabere</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="ft" value="5000.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="ft" value="5000.0">5000 ft</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1977-02-11">11 Feb 1977</collectingDate>
|
|
(fr),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<collectorName>Chapman</collectorName>
|
|
4671
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(K);
|
|
<collectorName>Gongola State</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Sardauna, L. G.</collectorName>
|
|
area, western foothills of
|
|
<collectorName>Mambilla</collectorName>
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Plateau">Plateau</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Akwaizantar</collectorName>
|
|
[
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Akwaijantar”">"Akwaijantar"</normalizedToken>
|
|
] forest, ca.
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1978-02-02">2 Feb 1978</collectingDate>
|
|
(fl),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Chapman 5186</emphasis>
|
|
(K)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1985-03-19" collectingDateMax="1987-05-01" collectingDateMin="1985-03-19" country="CAMEROON" county="Southwest" elevation="1200" latitude="6.25" location="Takamanda Forest Reserve" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="9.433333" municipality="Aguosho" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Cameroon">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<collectingCounty>Southwest</collectingCounty>
|
|
: savanna with forest galleries near
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Aguosho</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Akwaya">
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
|
SSW of Akwaya
|
|
</locationDeviation>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.3">6°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.466666">9°28'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1985-03-19" valueMax="1985-03-20" valueMin="1985-03-19">19-20 Mar 1985</collectingDate>
|
|
(fl, young fr),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Thomas 4558</emphasis>
|
|
(MO);
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:886A7CC680D1BC883FE3B1DE53D10851:193164B4406193609F06E586A1E9ED59" country="CAMEROON" county="Southwest" latitude="6.25" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="9.433333" municipality="Aguosho" name="Takamanda Forest Reserve">Takamanda Forest Reserve</location>
|
|
, along footpath from Malishi to Kaluma,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.25">06°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.433333">09°26'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="m" value="650.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1987-05-01">1 May 1987</collectingDate>
|
|
(fr),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Thomas et al. 7400</emphasis>
|
|
(B, K, MO)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Xylopia monticola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is another segregate of
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. acutiflora</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
s. l., which may be distinguished by the leaves with a prominent vein reticulum abaxially, relatively long outer petals (up to
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
|
|
long, exceeded only by
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. mildbraedii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. mildbraedii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. piratae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="piratae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. piratae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. acutiflora</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
subgroup), and relatively small monocarps with proportionally long stipes. Unlike the seeds of
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. acutiflora</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, those of
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. monticola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are up to 5 per monocarp and arranged in a single row.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Xylopia monticola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is most similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which, in addition to the distinctions above, is a scandent shrub rather than a tree.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Chapman, JD" journalOrPublisher="Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" refId="B30" refString="Chapman, JD, Chapman, HM, 2001. The forests of Taraba and Adamawa States, Nigeria: an ecological account and plant species checklist. Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch" title="The forests of Taraba and Adamawa States, Nigeria: an ecological account and plant species checklist." year="2001">Chapman and Chapman (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
provided habitat details for
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">X. monticola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in eastern
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
|
, where it was consistently an understory species of lower montane forest. At the Cabbal Wade site, the canopy dominants were
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia buchananii" order="Fabales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="buchananii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Newtonia buchananii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Aubrevillea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aubrevillea kerstingii" order="Fabales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kerstingii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Aubrevillea kerstingii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parkia filicoidea" order="Rosales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="filicoidea">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Parkia filicoidea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Albizia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Albizia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Albizia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp., and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Araliaceae" genus="Polyscias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyscias fulva" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="fulva">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Polyscias fulva</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In the Leinde Bumay forest
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="155" pageNumber="156" start="start">on</pageBreakToken>
|
|
the Tiba
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Plateau">Plateau</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kerstingii" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" rank="species" species="kerstingii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">A. kerstingii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. filicoidea" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" rank="species" species="filicoidea">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">P. filicoidea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were again present as canopy species, and, in addition,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Symphonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Symphonia globulifera" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulifera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Symphonia globulifera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. M. Johnson & N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Xylopia monticola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was stated to be locally common at several of the Nigerian localities, but the species is not widely distributed: it has an EOO of
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4393" unit="km" value="14393.0">14,393 km</quantity>
|
|
2 and an AOO of
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
|
|
2 (Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Conservation assessment data for 28 African species of Xylopia. Threat status was taken from the IUCN Red List on 3 January 2018. Extent of Occurrence (EOO), Area of Occupancy (AOO), and number of localities based on the present study. IUCN status abbreviations are DD = Data Deficient, EN = Endangered, NT = Near Threatened, VU = Vulnerable. Footnoted references for published non-IUCN conservation assessments are † = Onana and Cheek 2011, ‡ = Johnson et al. 2017." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/92BA95775F3A914B799DD8820C327EB1" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" tableUuid="92BA95775F3A914B799DD8820C327EB1">1</tableCitation>
|
|
). Some collections were from designated forest reserves, but the current protection status of these reserves is not known. This is, however, a poorly explored area botanically.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
|
The label of
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Chapman 5186</emphasis>
|
|
states that the fruit is an ingredient in
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“yaje,”">"yaje,"</normalizedToken>
|
|
(Hausa: pepper) and local people gather the wild fruits of this species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Chapman, JD" journalOrPublisher="Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" refId="B30" refString="Chapman, JD, Chapman, HM, 2001. The forests of Taraba and Adamawa States, Nigeria: an ecological account and plant species checklist. Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch" title="The forests of Taraba and Adamawa States, Nigeria: an ecological account and plant species checklist." year="2001">Chapman and Chapman 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |