399 lines
62 KiB
XML
399 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="224E6F6BBE451002B28C78ECF9C96484" ID-CLB-Dataset="55213" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5125.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e60faf84-9cc4-4da0-9b89-42b57a2cfa26" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6424502" ID-ZooBank="6DDA279A-FA5F-4993-98DD-FC40133292BB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649409802207" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di" docDate="2022" docId="038254222A3E444B8A9FFE6D2B2CFCB6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5125.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5125 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lepraliella contigua" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="168" masterDocId="FFBB2C5A2A3744408A08FFB82F56FFA3" masterDocTitle="Revision of the type species of some cheilostome bryozoan genera in the collection of the Swedish Museum of Natural History" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="166" updateTime="1699319725574" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DCF8EB077083AD2A3BC5A63048196277">Revision of the type species of some cheilostome bryozoan genera in the collection of the Swedish Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="644B7ED8AF8C3E5AE7E3B859F2ACCEF5">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B6949BD54667A6CA5D755EE17B5BBDE7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BBCE7AB6EC50C9C35D8DC2D37C87F356">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7E28DF844E9F36C63E9255C665702062">2022-04-08</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038254222A3E444B8A9FFE6D2B2CFCB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6425469" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194520078" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6425469" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038254222A3E444B8A9FFE6D2B2CFCB6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038254222A3E444B8A9FFE6D2B2CFCB6" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3E44498A9FFE6D2D63FE4C" box="[151,565,469,496]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498A9FFE6D2D63FE4C" blockId="9.[151,565,469,533]" box="[151,565,469,496]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<heading id="D0DC52582A3E44498A9FFE6D2D63FE4C" bold="true" box="[151,565,469,496]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498A9FFE6D2D63FE4C" authority="(Smitt, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,565,469,496]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFE6D2D63FE4C" bold="true" box="[151,565,469,496]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFE6D2EDBFE53" bold="true" box="[151,397,469,496]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella contigua</emphasis>
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498B94FE6D2D7BFE4C" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[412,557,469,495]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="2 - 230" refId="ref15126" refString="Smitt, F. A. (1868) Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens hafs-Bryozoer. Part 4. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 25, 2 - 230." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt, 1868</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3E44498A9FFE422E1AFDB7" box="[151,332,506,533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498A9FFE422E1AFDB7" blockId="9.[151,565,469,533]" box="[151,332,506,533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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(
|
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E44498AA8FE422FB2FDB6" box="[160,228,506,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6A9D08F2A3E44498AF8FE422E12FDB7" box="[240,324,506,532]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,239,836,860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements in µm of Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway; SMNH-Type-1695a, b." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF54B5BC2A3C444B8A9FFCFC2A28FCFF" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" tableUuid="DF54B5BC2A3C444B8A9FFCFC2A28FCFF">Table 4</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3E44498A9FFD862D13FDD6" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498A9FFD862C16FDF5" blockId="9.[151,832,574,629]" box="[151,832,574,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3BC21A2A3E44498A9FFD862C16FDF5" box="[151,832,574,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498A9FFD862DFFFDF5" authority="Smitt, 1868: 31" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="31" authorityYear="1767" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,681,574,598]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ramulosa">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFD862E35FDF5" box="[151,355,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Cellepora ramulosa</emphasis>
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forma
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8AC3252A3E44498BA4FD872DFFFDF5" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[428,681,574,598]" page="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" year="1868">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498BA4FD872D53FDF5" box="[428,517,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">contigua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498803FD862DFFFDF5" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[523,681,574,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="2 - 230" refId="ref15126" refString="Smitt, F. A. (1868) Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens hafs-Bryozoer. Part 4. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 25, 2 - 230." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt, 1868: 31</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 198–201.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498A9FFDE52D13FDD6" blockId="9.[151,832,574,629]" box="[151,581,605,629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3BC21A2A3E44498A9FFDE52D13FDD6" box="[151,581,605,629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8AC3252A3E44498A9FFDE52D16FDD6" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[151,576,605,629]" page="467" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" year="1917">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498A9FFDE52D16FDD6" authority=": Levinsen 1917: 467" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityPageNumber="467" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,576,605,629]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFDE52E31FDD6" box="[151,359,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella contigua</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498B7CFDE52D16FDD6" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[372,576,605,629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="431 - 472" refId="ref13975" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1917) Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordstkyst 1906 - 1908. Bind. III, nr 16, Bryozoa. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 43, 431 - 472." type="journal article" year="1917">Levinsen 1917: 467</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3E44498A9FFD1B2DF0FCA6" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498A9FFD1B2DF0FCA6" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFD1B2E28FD1E" bold="true" box="[151,382,675,701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B43EF692A3E44498B8BFD1C2DF0FCA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748664309" collectorName="Leg. S. Loven" country="Norway" elevation="92" location="North Atlantic Ocean" municipality="Hammerfest" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54905B962A3E44498B8BFD1C2EA5FD1D" box="[387,499,676,702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a (
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||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E444989AFFD1B2B4BFD1D" box="[935,1053,675,702]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5C–E</figureCitation>
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), and
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||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3E44498E53FD1B2BABFD1E" box="[1115,1277,675,701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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SMNH-Type-1695b (
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||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E44498AE5FD7F2E32FD41" box="[237,356,711,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
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) and SMNH-Type-1695c (
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E4449889AFD7F2DBEFD41" box="[658,744,711,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
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||
); three colony fragments;
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||
<location id="8EF4B3EF2A3E44498E05FD7F2BA9FD42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038254222A3E444B8A9FFE6D2B2CFCB6:8EF4B3EF2A3E44498E05FD7F2BA9FD42" box="[1037,1279,711,737]" country="Norway" municipality="Hammerfest" name="North Atlantic Ocean" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">North Atlantic Ocean</location>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF07F4E2A3E44498F03FD7F2ACEFD42" box="[1291,1432,711,737]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Hammerfest</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3E44498A9FFD542FA4FCA5" box="[151,242,748,774]" name="Norway" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, depth
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||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A3E44498B4BFD532EE0FCA5" box="[323,438,747,774]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="91.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="73.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000602072A3E44498B4BFD532EE0FCA5" box="[323,438,747,774]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="91.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="73.0">73–110 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26DE80E22A3E44498BC9FD542D36FCA6" box="[449,608,747,774]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Leg. S. Lovén</collectorName>
|
||
1837.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3E44498ACFFCB72DBBFA81" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFCB72CFFFC8A" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" box="[199,937,783,810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498ACFFCB72E0FFC8A" bold="true" box="[199,345,783,809]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Description.</emphasis>
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||
Colony encrusting, multiserial, uni- to multilaminar.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFC8B2BC4FCD1" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Autozooids quincuncially arranged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E4449886DFC8B2DB7FCEE" box="[613,737,819,846]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5A, C</figureCitation>
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||
) or irregularly arranged if in multilayered colonies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E44498F3FFC8B2AD9FCED" box="[1335,1423,819,846]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
); boundaries ill-defined, sometimes marked by marginal areolar pores and undulate grooves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFCC32A7EFC7E" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Frontal shield slightly convex centrally, nodular, imperforate apart from circular, marginal areolar pores, usually two per zooid, one located on the proximal corner and the other on the lateral corner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E44498E47FC272B90FC19" box="[1103,1222,927,954]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) either side, 15–18 µm in diameter, from which secondary calcification obliterating the zooidal boundaries seems to spread.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFC5F2E70FB31" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Primary orifice semicircular, hidden proximally by the raised suboral avicularium, with two robust, rounded lateral condyles and smooth anter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E4449882DFBB32DD6FB85" box="[549,640,1035,1062]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
); secondary orifice reduced and eye-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E44498E8AFBB32B8CFB85" box="[1154,1242,1035,1062]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
); 3–5 oral spines (more commonly 4), equidistantly spaced, the base 25–45 µm in diameter, in both ovicellate and non-ovicellate zooids; all spines or only the most distal pair often obliterated because of the spreading of secondary calcification (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E44498AA8FBCF2E4FFB31" box="[160,281,1143,1170]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFB232A57FB7A" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Adventitious avicularium suboral, placed on one side of the orifice, elliptical to slightly spatulate, raised distally, sloping proximally, directed proximo-laterally, seemingly with two triangular condyles often broken.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFB5B2DBBFA81" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Ovicells subimmersed with a widely arched opening; ooecium globular, resting on the next distal zooid, smooth, covered distally by secondary calcification (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E4449888DFABF2D89FA81" box="[645,735,1287,1314]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3E444B8ACFFA932B2CFCB6" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFA932AD4FA12" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498ACFFA932E6DFAE6" bold="true" box="[199,315,1323,1349]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498B49FA932D73FAE6" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[321,549,1323,1349]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498B49FA932D73FAE6" box="[321,549,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella contigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recorded from the Arctic, the northern Atlantic and the northern Pacific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498F57FA932F82FACA" author="Bock, P." pageId="9" pageNumber="166" refId="ref12079" refString="Bock, P. (2022) The Bryozoa Homepage. Recent and Fossil Bryozoa. Available at http: // bryozoa. net / (accessed 2 February 2022)." type="url" year="2022">Bock 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498AEEFAF72E25FAC9" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[230,371,1359,1386]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="2 - 230" refId="ref15126" refString="Smitt, F. A. (1868) Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens hafs-Bryozoer. Part 4. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 25, 2 - 230." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt (1868)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to the specimens from Hammerfest given to him by Prof. Lovén when first introducing this species, initially considering them as a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498925FACB2A59FA2D" authority="(Linnaeus, 1767)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[813,1295,1395,1422]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Omalosecosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ramulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498925FACB2B6AFA2E" box="[813,1084,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Omalosecosa ramulosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498E59FACB2A51FA2D" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1105,1287,1395,1422]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="533 - 1327" refId="ref14013" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systemae naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differetiis, synonymis, locis Regnum Animale. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, pp. 533 - 1327. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 157601" type="book chapter" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(previously
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498A9FFA2F2E51FA12" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[151,263,1431,1457]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFA2F2E51FA12" box="[151,263,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Cellepora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Unfortunately, it is not possible to match the specimens with Smitt’s drawings (1868, figs 198–201).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFFA032DD0F90D" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498ACFFA032ED4FA76" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[199,386,1467,1493]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="431 - 472" refId="ref13975" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1917) Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordstkyst 1906 - 1908. Bind. III, nr 16, Bryozoa. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 43, 431 - 472." type="journal article" year="1917">Levinsen (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
when introducing the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E444988DBFA032C19FA76" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[723,847,1467,1493]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E444988DBFA032C19FA76" box="[723,847,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
referred to two of Smitt’s species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498EE0FA042A3CFA76" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[1256,1386,1468,1493]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498EE0FA042A3CFA76" box="[1256,1386,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">L. contigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498A9FFA582E4BFA5A" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,285,1503,1529]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="hippopus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FFA582E4BFA5A" box="[151,285,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">L. hippopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, without specifying a type, but with the latter subsequently used as the type species of the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498A9FF9BB2E7BF9BE" box="[151,301,1539,1565]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippoporidridae" genus="Hippoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498A9FF9BB2E7BF9BE" box="[151,301,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Hippoporella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Canu (1917).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498BF2F9BB2DAAF9BE" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[506,764,1539,1565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref12287" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1920) North American early Tertiary Bryozoa. United States National Museum Bulletin, 106, 1 - 879. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.106. i" type="journal article" year="1920">Canu & Bassler (1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 509) formally selected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498E38F9BB2A4EF9BE" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[1072,1304,1539,1565]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498E38F9BB2A4EF9BE" box="[1072,1304,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella contigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the type species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498B73F99F2EA1F9E2" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[379,503,1575,1601]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498B73F99F2EA1F9E2" box="[379,503,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Levinsen’s description and drawings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E444989B6F9902B6BF9E2" authorityName=": Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[958,1085,1576,1601]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E444989B6F9902B6BF9E2" box="[958,1085,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">L. contigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were based on some specimens collected from rocks off north-east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3E4449883DF9F32DFCF9C6" box="[565,682,1611,1637]" name="Greenland" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
during the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3E4449893DF9F32CCBF9C6" box="[821,925,1611,1637]" name="Denmark" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
Expedition 1906–1908, at depths shallower (10–15 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A3E44498B29F9D72EDEF929" box="[289,392,1647,1674]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">20–40 m</quantity>
|
||
) than those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3E4449886BF9C82D9FF929" box="[611,713,1648,1674]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. Levinsen’s drawings (1917, figs 2–14) agree with the features shown by the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3E44498B3CF92C2EC0F90D" box="[308,406,1684,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
studied here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3E4449883CF92B2D2EF90D" box="[564,632,1683,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1435,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lepraliella contigua (Smitt, 1868), Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a.F.Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars:A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3E44498ACFF90F2BF8F86E" blockId="9.[151,1437,675,1998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498ACFF90F2ED4F972" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[199,386,1719,1745]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="431 - 472" refId="ref13975" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1917) Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordstkyst 1906 - 1908. Bind. III, nr 16, Bryozoa. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 43, 431 - 472." type="journal article" year="1917">Levinsen (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed his new genus in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E4449892EF90F2CFBF972" authorityName="Smitt" authorityYear="1868" box="[806,941,1719,1745]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Reteporidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Reteporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E444989F1F90F2BFFF971" authorityName="Gabb & Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[1017,1193,1719,1746]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Phidoloporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), based especially on the size and shape of the ooecia.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E4449881FF9632C75F956" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[535,803,1755,1781]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref12287" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1920) North American early Tertiary Bryozoa. United States National Museum Bulletin, 106, 1 - 879. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.106. i" type="journal article" year="1920">Canu & Bassler (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498939F9632C8FF955" author="Bassler, R. S." box="[817,985,1755,1782]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" refId="ref11841" refString="Bassler, R. S. (1935) Bryozoa. Generum et Genotyporum. Index et Bibliographica. In: Quenstedt, W. (Ed.), Fossilium Catalogus I. Animalia. Vol. 67. W. Junk, s'Gravenhage, pp. 1 - 229." type="book" year="1935">Bassler (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498E11F9632BE9F955" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[1049,1215,1755,1782]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="271 - 611" refId="ref14686" refString="Osburn, R. C. (1952) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. Report of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 271 - 611." type="journal article" year="1952">Osburn (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
followed
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498F3DF9632FB2F8BA" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="431 - 472" refId="ref13975" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1917) Danmark-Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordstkyst 1906 - 1908. Bind. III, nr 16, Bryozoa. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 43, 431 - 472." type="journal article" year="1917">Levinsen (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498B3DF9472E8AF8BA" author="Gordon, D. P." box="[309,476,1791,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="203 - 221" refId="ref13141" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1993) Bryozoan frontal shields: studies on umbonulomorphs and impacts on classification. Zoologica Scripta, 22, 203 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00352. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Gordon (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E4449883BF9472DF9F8BA" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[563,687,1791,1817]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E4449883BF9472DF9F8BA" box="[563,687,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498945F9472BF5F8BA" authority="Vigneaux, 1949" authorityName="Vigneaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[845,1187,1791,1817]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
|
||
Lepraliellidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E444989E7F9472BF5F8BA" author="Vigneaux, M." box="[1007,1187,1791,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 153" refId="ref15523" refString="Vigneaux, M. (1949) Revision des Bryozoaires neogenes du Bassin d'Aquitaine et essai de classification. Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France, New Series, 28, 1 - 153." type="journal article" year="1949">Vigneaux, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498EA6F9472A03F8BA" author="Gordon, D. P." box="[1198,1365,1791,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="203 - 221" refId="ref13141" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1993) Bryozoan frontal shields: studies on umbonulomorphs and impacts on classification. Zoologica Scripta, 22, 203 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00352. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Gordon (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based his decision on the observation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E4449881FF89B2DC5F89E" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[535,659,1827,1853]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E4449881FF89B2DC5F89E" box="[535,659,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of some features typical of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498E4FF89B2ACEF89D" authority="Harmer, 1957" authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1957" box="[1095,1432,1827,1854]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
|
||
Celleporariidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3E44498EF3F89C2ACEF89D" author="Harmer, S. F." box="[1275,1432,1827,1854]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" pagination="641 - 1147" refId="ref13495" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 d, 641 - 1147." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These features included the smooth frontal shield, asymmetrical suboral mucro equipped with avicularium, widely open ovicell, ancestrula encircled with small spines, but not the lepralioid frontal shield. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498F28F8D32ACAF826" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[1312,1436,1899,1925]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3E44498F28F8D32ACAF826" box="[1312,1436,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacked the typical beaded anter of phidoloporids. Celleporariids were then considered allied to lepraliellids and the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E44498AEFF80B2EC2F86E" authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1957" box="[231,404,1971,1997]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Celleporariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
substituted with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3E4449885CF80B2DA4F86E" authorityName="Vigneaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[596,754,1971,1997]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Lepraliellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this latter family name having priority.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF54B5BC2A3D444A8A9FF9252EF1F8CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6424514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424514/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" startId="10.[151,250,1693,1717]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1669]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3D444A8A9FF9252EF1F8CA" blockId="10.[151,1437,1693,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A8A9FF9252E44F915" bold="true" box="[151,274,1693,1718]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3D444A8B1FF9252D25F916" authority="(Smitt, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[279,627,1693,1717]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A8B1FF9252EB0F916" box="[279,486,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Lepraliella contigua</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3D444A8BF9F9252D3DF916" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[497,619,1693,1717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" pagination="2 - 230" refId="ref15126" refString="Smitt, F. A. (1868) Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens hafs-Bryozoer. Part 4. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 25, 2 - 230." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Hammerfest, Norway.A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695b. C–E. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-Type-1695a. F. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-1695c.A, C, F. General view of the three colony fragments. B. Group of zooids, showing a variable number of oral spine bases, either due to spreading of calcification during ontogeny or to the development of ovicells. D. Close-up of zooids with suboral avicularium and developing ooecia. E. Close-up of a zooid showing the eye-shaped secondary orifice and the wrinkled to nodular surface of the frontal shield. Scale bars: A, C = 1 mm; B, D, E = 300 µm; F = 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3D444B8ACFF8202D4DFE2A" blockId="10.[151,1437,1944,2042]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
|
||
Here,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3D444A8B06F8202EDCF811" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[270,394,1944,1970]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A8B06F8202EDCF811" box="[270,394,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is returned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3D444A886CF8202C59F811" authorityName="Gabb & Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[612,783,1944,1970]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Phidoloporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the latest molecular phylogeny of cheilostome bryozoan available (Orr
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A8BB8F8042EBDF875" box="[432,491,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
in press), which shows
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3D444A890AF8042CBCF876" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[770,1002,1980,2006]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A890AF8042CBCF876" box="[770,1002,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Lepraliella contigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimen from the White Sea) wellnested within the monophyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3D444A8800F8582DE5F859" authorityName="Gabb & Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[520,691,2016,2042]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Phidoloporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3D444A88CCF8582C22F859" author="Orr, R. J. S. & Di Martino, E. & Gordon, D. P. & Ramsfjell, M. H. & Mello, H. L. & Smith, A. & Liow, L. H." box="[708,884,2016,2042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" pagination="107172" refId="ref14345" refString="Orr, R. J. S., Di Martino, E., Gordon, D. P., Ramsfjell, M. H., Mello, H. L., Smith, A. & Liow, L. H. (2021) A broadly resolved molecular phylogeny of New Zealand cheilostome bryozoans as a framework for hypotheses of morphological evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 161, 107172. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107172" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Orr
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A88FEF8582C66F859" box="[758,816,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in press), as sister clade to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3D444B8EB4F8582EBDFF12" authority="Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991" authorityName="Soule, Soule & Chaney" authorityYear="1991" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Plesiocleidochasma" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="168" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3D444A8EB4F8582ACAF859" box="[1212,1436,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Plesiocleidochasma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8A9FFF2F2EBDFF12" author="Soule, J. D. & Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W." box="[151,491,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="465 - 486" refId="ref15226" refString="Soule, J. D., Soule, D. F. & Chaney, H. W. (1991) New tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean Cleidochasmatidae (Cheilostomata: Ascophora). In: Bigey, F. P. & d'Hondt, J. - L. (Eds.), Bryozoaires Actuels et Fossiles: Bryozoa Living and Fossil. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France Memoire HS 1. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France, Nantes, pp. 465 - 486." type="book chapter" year="1991">Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another phidoloporid genus having a smooth anter.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8E4CFF2F2B96FF12" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[1092,1216,151,177]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8E4CFF2F2B96FF12" box="[1092,1216,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows also a close similarity in general appearance with other phidoloporid genera such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B89F4FF032A31FF76" authority="Vigneaux, 1949" authorityName="Vigneaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[1020,1383,187,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Pleuromucrum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B89F4FF032BF5FF76" box="[1020,1187,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Pleuromucrum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8EB8FF032A31FF76" author="Vigneaux, M." box="[1200,1383,187,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 153" refId="ref15523" refString="Vigneaux, M. (1949) Revision des Bryozoaires neogenes du Bassin d'Aquitaine et essai de classification. Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France, New Series, 28, 1 - 153." type="journal article" year="1949">Vigneaux, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8A9FFF672DF5FF5A" authority="Tilbrook, Hayward & Gordon, 2001" authorityName="Tilbrook, Hayward & Gordon" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,675,223,249]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippoporidridae" genus="Fodinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8A9FFF672E52FF5A" box="[151,260,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fodinella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8B03FF672DF5FF5A" author="Tilbrook, K. J. & Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P." box="[267,675,223,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref15470" refString="Tilbrook, K. J., Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P. (2001) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131, 35 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / zjls. 2000.0249" type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook, Hayward & Gordon, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The main difference with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B89D9FF672B2EFF5A" authorityName="Vigneaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[977,1144,223,249]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Pleuromucrum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B89D9FF672B2EFF5A" box="[977,1144,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Pleuromucrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in ovicell formation: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8A9FFEBB2E45FEBE" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,275,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8A9FFEBB2E45FEBE" box="[151,275,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the ovicells are formed solely by the distal zooid, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B897AFEBB2B4FFEBE" authorityName="Vigneaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[882,1049,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Pleuromucrum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B897AFEBB2B4FFEBE" box="[882,1049,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Pleuromucrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are kenozooidal (Di Martino & Taylor 2017), while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8B92FE9F2D51FEE2" authorityName="Tilbrook, Hayward & Gordon" authorityYear="2001" box="[410,519,295,321]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippoporidridae" genus="Fodinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8B92FE9F2D51FEE2" box="[410,519,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fodinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a denticulate anter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8911FE9F2CA9FEE2" author="Tilbrook, K. J. & Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P." box="[793,1023,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref15470" refString="Tilbrook, K. J., Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P. (2001) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131, 35 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / zjls. 2000.0249" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Tilbrook
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B898CFE9F2CEBFEE2" box="[900,957,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Di Martino & Taylor 2017). Recent molecular phylogenies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8BADFEF32D19FEC6" author="Orr, R. J. S. & Di Martino, E. & Gordon, D. P. & Ramsfjell, M. H. & Mello, H. L. & Smith, A. & Liow, L. H." box="[421,591,331,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="107172" refId="ref14345" refString="Orr, R. J. S., Di Martino, E., Gordon, D. P., Ramsfjell, M. H., Mello, H. L., Smith, A. & Liow, L. H. (2021) A broadly resolved molecular phylogeny of New Zealand cheilostome bryozoans as a framework for hypotheses of morphological evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 161, 107172. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107172" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Orr
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8BDCFEF32D5BFEC6" box="[468,525,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in press) have shown that, with a few exceptions, cheilostome families are arbitrary and need to be rethought.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8ACFFE2B2A4DFE72" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
|
||
SEM images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8B8DFE2B2D5EFE0F" baseAuthorityName="Smitt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[389,520,403,428]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="contigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8B8DFE2B2D5EFE0F" box="[389,520,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">L. contigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were first provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8915FE2B2C96FE0E" author="Gordon, D. P." box="[797,960,403,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="203 - 221" refId="ref13141" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1993) Bryozoan frontal shields: studies on umbonulomorphs and impacts on classification. Zoologica Scripta, 22, 203 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00352. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Gordon (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 1–5), who figured a specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B8A9FFE0F2FABFE72" box="[151,253,439,465]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
, part of A.M. Norman’s collection at the NHMUK, to illustrate the umbonuloid frontal shield.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8ACFFE632B2CFCB6" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
|
||
Five additional species have been included in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B896FFE632CB5FE56" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[871,995,475,501]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B896FFE632CB5FE56" box="[871,995,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, three fossil (Miocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B8F14FE632A3EFE56" box="[1308,1384,475,501]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Pleistocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B8B36FE472ED6FDBA" box="[318,384,511,537]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and two Recent (Hawaii and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B88D1FE472C0AFDB9" box="[729,860,511,538]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
). The unusual distribution of the genus in time and space was first noticed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8BC6FD9B2D85FD9E" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[462,723,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref12486" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1929) Bryozoa of the Philippine region. United States National Museum Bulletin, 100, 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu & Bassler (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 375) when describing a new species from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B8F1FFD9B2ACFFD9E" box="[1303,1433,547,573]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although originally recorded from the northern seas, these authors considered the discovery of the first fossil species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8B1AFDD32ED8FD26" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1917" box="[274,398,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8B1AFDD32ED8FD26" box="[274,398,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Lepraliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Aquitanian of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B88A1FDD32DA3FD26" box="[681,757,619,645]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B892CFDD32CBEFD26" author="Duvergier, J." box="[804,1000,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="145 - 182" refId="ref12968" refString="Duvergier, J. (1921) Note sur les Bryozoaires du Neogene de l'Aquitaine. Actes de la Societe linneenne Bordeaux, 72, 145 - 182." type="journal article" year="1921">Duvergier (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as a proof of a plausible much larger geographical distribution of the genus. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B88C7FD372BD6FD0A" authority="Duvergier, 1921" authorityName="Duvergier" authorityYear="1921" box="[719,1152,655,681]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lepraliellidae" genus="Lepraliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="strophiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B88C7FD372CE8FD0A" box="[719,958,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Lepraliella strophiae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B89CFFD372BD6FD0A" author="Duvergier, J." box="[967,1152,655,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="145 - 182" refId="ref12968" refString="Duvergier, J. (1921) Note sur les Bryozoaires du Neogene de l'Aquitaine. Actes de la Societe linneenne Bordeaux, 72, 145 - 182." type="journal article" year="1921">Duvergier, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is described and figured with a pseudoporous frontal shield that contrasts with the imperforate, umbonuloid frontal of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3C444B8F01FD0B2A6FFD6E" box="[1289,1337,691,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species. Unfortunately, the low quality of the images provided in the original publications prevent to confirm or reject the generic attribution of the other species, calling for urging revision of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3C444B89CEFD432CA0FCB6" box="[966,1014,763,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |