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<mods:title id="130ABE9395C3097186956D2250C1B84A">An annotated nomenclatural checklist of endemic vascular plants distributed in the Ukrainian Carpathians</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="8BA7B2293AA36FD614CEC6932C239C6B" LSID="61E85F2F-8106-53E0-BB25-19161DC58620" authority="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98 (1866), non Borbas" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">
Dianthus spiculifolius Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98 (1866), non
<normalizedToken id="88E676953E2E9EE3094843AF0CB6EA37" originalValue="Borbás">Borbas</normalizedToken>
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<paragraph id="C91B5F596DAB1A804EA69A64539F9D1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="C3B23CF947AF672271CF43CC7E7730A7" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="BA6EBAFE0FBF0558A82D816284AF2C55" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus kitaibelii subsp. spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="kitaibelii" subSpecies="spiculifolius">Dianthus kitaibelii subsp. spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
(Schur)
<normalizedToken id="73D93C4E6ABD80FCA3B80222FE44CE98" originalValue="Novák">Novak</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="96B7904F641FAC910B00A5620F627901" originalValue="Sborník">Sbornik</normalizedToken>
Klubu
<normalizedToken id="FF3FB588E4B55D716749B1B5DFA02ED4" originalValue="Přírodověd">Prirodoved</normalizedToken>
. v Praze. Sv. 4. 1914-1920,
<normalizedToken id="ABF107A9E2350E0A175FBF82C210B870" originalValue="Č">C</normalizedToken>
. 4: 23(1) (1922) et
<normalizedToken id="B1B0DE9DCC1CFBD5B0E5D88B59DC96BB" originalValue="Věst">Vest</normalizedToken>
.
<normalizedToken id="F449F6A7EA7FAFABDC5421522F171A84" originalValue="Král">Kral</normalizedToken>
.
<normalizedToken id="8CF74337FEDB9B7B7F7EC3DA8E2DE352" originalValue="české">ceske</normalizedToken>
spol. nauk.
<normalizedToken id="833C02D313D9E8FC8684C5354363B951" originalValue="Tř">Tr</normalizedToken>
. mat.-
<normalizedToken id="EDB1A2985C2EA735E08E6B91AB4DAC66" originalValue="přírod">prirod</normalizedToken>
. 1923(11): 30 (1924)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E230650177F7A850DCC3B075E6AA9D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="FD906DFAD4E64019846B0DB9370DE59B" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="96F2346D19ADF859222E6A5DE67C554E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus petraeus subsp. spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="petraeus" subSpecies="spiculifolius">Dianthus petraeus subsp. spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
(Schur)
<normalizedToken id="E99A80321BF89F12F2AA1EBD2026E0AB" originalValue="Ciocârlan">Ciocarlan</normalizedToken>
, Illustr. Fl. Rom.: 217-223 (2000); GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/7886591
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7818EED85C85132F2B4D67E96F9F8FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="78A77F66EE5905D5006D17ECE20A5135" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="3C8D64AF0328644B0CF8D459EB28F6F0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus plumarius subsp. spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="plumarius" subSpecies="spiculifolius">Dianthus plumarius subsp. spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
(Schur) Baksay, Symposia Biol. Hung. 12: 153 (1972)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2DB2DC5976057F6F1473A2F2338F106B" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="6E0F017510D4DB46E120728DCC3AE1D9" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="7E18B6559AF14A1FCCBB7D92D54D5F89" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus acicularis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="acicularis">
<emphasis id="F68C5BFEC9984FAFA40B333CCFB983DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus acicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98 (1866), non Fisch. ex Ledeb.; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/3815472; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153009-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10544149#page/120
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AAFF2247FB3DC419CC7CD3AAB05FE42F" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="29EB275211BCDE6F849E445ED07D5B5E" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="DC575DDE9C4970DE6F7E0C5D9AA99212" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus brachyanthus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="6C3736F4C1EBA82007A0F11B1D0C3CD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 96 (1866), non Boiss.; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/7371609; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153147-1; WFO: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000643176; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/153147-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10544147#page/118; JACQ: https://www.jacq.org/detail.php?ID=366863; JSTOR Global Plants: https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.lw00203891
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAA01EC3E77248B55CCB8CF8ABBF910E" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="3A788C96BE75B6D34F01A1FA45C0B6F7" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="35104E8BFACE6F15CCB9FB17AF4988B6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus carpathicus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="carpathicus">
<emphasis id="FDF90A797F2076AB70870B6FF8396274" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus carpathicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="1965E154DB4F394BD89F3949036C76DE" originalValue="Borbás">Borbas</normalizedToken>
, Termesz. Fuzet. 12: 44 (1889), non
<normalizedToken id="836788068BEE0A5A489814C482408D6E" originalValue="Woł">Wol</normalizedToken>
. [nom. inval.]; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/3813900; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153199-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31106623#page/620
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4277F6FAB96C6217F94B029BC83FA06A" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="CEDEF79BB17D87700C1BFA7B23F06F14" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="17FE75BCBC33BB57C17DD446900C21B0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus hungaricus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="hungaricus">
<emphasis id="0AD53E5CD4A0CEB619368ABD1CEB80A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus hungaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Andrae) Simonk., Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 121 (1886), non alior; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/40105#page/185
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="577819F2AA8421481CCA8F6DB0F3C0BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="DE3D4357470E2B824E0B9361BD2AD7C7" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<emphasis id="028095665B05C5F91EA5A1C963F2D089" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="9277EA9166896E9460C63FF31C9B80F5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">Dianthus</taxonomicName>
microche[i]lus
</emphasis>
B.S.Williams, Pinks Centr. Eur.: 37 (1890) et B.S.Williams ex Wettst., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 176 (1891); GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/3810687; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153597-1; WFO: https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000643859; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/153597-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28710681#page/182
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8E291DCF007F1B83B5AFB6A48F18211" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="10E972C793E56FC0103BCBA712B765D0" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="98A07F99F55EB0BFA793E3CE5C87F8AA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus petraeus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="petraeus">
<emphasis id="65224213188651618AC66F3AD94AB2E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus petraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Janka, Bot.
<normalizedToken id="BB6D2357DF15CB55D3FAB7C0BA4F6D40" originalValue="Közlem">Koezlem</normalizedToken>
. 12: 187 (1913), non Waldst. &amp; Kit. nec M.Bieb.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DFBA6BE2761872E4F460115A5420BDB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="BBA1DAEE13D06BABB1F9E31DD56FA90D" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="380CAC6F966C9E254BC4BAC725890D52" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus petraeus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="petraeus">
<emphasis id="FE8A5B26D6B3BA805A6DA6740B945342" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus petraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kerner, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 18: 18, 126 (1868) [nom. nudum], non Waldst. &amp; Kit. nec M.Bieb.; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91216#page/26
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A73C4CCBE25CE991745EDD001D79399" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="0D47CC75F2D904267D032B7F954769AF" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="B60DDD1845E31459BB411DAB86BED0C0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus plumarius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="plumarius">
<emphasis id="283657A5BB7831D629D72D46EB2FE81F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus plumarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Baumg., Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 1: 390 (1816) et auct. transsilv., non L. nec Gunnerus
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="66471E35BB679647271A9E2FFD0626E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="77945441C924D582D03AFA995BF0AD05" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="FFAD318AD7BD6980708D3B5509F27EF8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus plumarius subsp. var. var. erythrocalyx" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="variety" species="plumarius" subSpecies="var." variety="erythrocalyx">Dianthus plumarius var. erythrocalyx</taxonomicName>
Schott ex Simonk., Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 121 (1886); BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/40105#page/185
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB934452E3AD458275AABC9499E33EB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="00D32813539D73FED4EA591A71308ADF" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="AAA654C5372330C4E11F297AD4E01435" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus plumarius subsp. var. var. hungaricus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="variety" species="plumarius" subSpecies="var." variety="hungaricus">Dianthus plumarius var. hungaricus</taxonomicName>
Andrae, Bot. Zeitung 11: 436 (1853), non alior; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105829#page/230
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FBF5D0C2FA42CC652B3713E40D26673" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="F1CCF4C8E851E6EFF86B4089CFE29E8B" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="2B16216CF398BD17BAE2E9D43FC73EFF" authorityName="Waldst. &amp; Kit.Descr.Icon.Pl.Hung" authorityYear="1804" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus serotinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="serotinus">
<emphasis id="EED1F8C40BAF204A4E68DA84CA85D169" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus serotinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Barth, Verh. Mitth.
<normalizedToken id="3B0C7C4EC423C0C88CC6F08A145C9368" originalValue="Siebenbürg">Siebenbuerg</normalizedToken>
. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 19: 144 (1868) [nom. nudum], non Waldst. &amp; Kit.; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110590#page/442
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BCD4E0F3D4742F50595903A5071C157" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="7AC59EB96ADCB5B5A614A5C6CCF8BFFC" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="54865129A4761C3CF7503772368B4FBB" authorityName="Waldst. &amp; Kit.Descr.Icon.Pl.Hung" authorityYear="1804" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus serotinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="serotinus">
<emphasis id="1437D0397AC720A45F4D6894F30B32AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Dianthus serotinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Salzer, Verh. Mitth.
<normalizedToken id="ADB1A723EB80D300CC5A53D980A66F49" originalValue="Siebenbürg">Siebenbuerg</normalizedToken>
. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 15: 50 (1864) [nom. nudum], non Waldst. &amp; Kit.; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105000#page/546
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90E7AC16C39A6C995719EFB070A2658F" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="CEB9D101268E63593F23295759D6BC8B" authorityName="Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">Dianthus spiculifolius</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="2B605B5FC624A221EDF89E08BFE5A6AF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" form="petraeiformis" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus spiculifolius subsp. f." order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="form" species="spiculifolius" subSpecies="f.">Dianthus spiculifolius f. petraeiformis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="BEE0B11034C1E562F5748AD0C0C15AF3" originalValue="Novák">Novak</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="AA353B5D22434CA990BE9819119C89B4" originalValue="Sborník">Sbornik</normalizedToken>
Klubu
<normalizedToken id="65FE3460C78E9E3B10623FFD57D56724" originalValue="Přírodověd">Prirodoved</normalizedToken>
. v Praze. Sv. 4. 1914-1920,
<normalizedToken id="C28667992B3D74E9DC4A8BB0678D2724" originalValue="Č">C</normalizedToken>
. 4: 25(3) (1922)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2810D35FBFF32C6C3F636E2751F76A19" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="CBBA961B05D7B243B6ABAFCD1DCF79D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Conservation status</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAE0C3FD3B9DD6C59C8A3A4B7A6E975C" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
In Ukraine - DD (
<bibRefCitation id="B6460659AB4BB21E60FE9DD04249B85E" author="Onyshchenko, V. A." journalOrPublisher="M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9530125" refString="Onyshchenko, V. A., Mosyakin, S. L., Korotchenko, I. A., Danylyk, I. M., Burlaka, M. D., Olshanskyi, I. H., Shiyan, N. M., Zhygalova, S. L., Tymchenko, I. A., Kolomiychuk, V. P., Novikov, A. V., Chorney, I. I., Kish, R. Y., Shevera, M. V., Fedoronchuk, M. M., Protopopova, V. V., 2022. IUCN Red List categories of vascular plant species of Ukrainian flora. M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv" title="IUCN Red List categories of vascular plant species of Ukrainian flora" year="2022">Onyshchenko et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="85D7C685E6283EC67A31E87E09DC8BF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7047080FB2F49FA650471D34B84F02FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF1EE67CB54B275E7F0D1BF4759721A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">SE Carpathian endemic.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E34991BA40CBAF0F19293603A185ED94" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" type="notes">
<paragraph id="B78F347AB5FD754295D0FC4CE62D582D" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F778817DA166FDF773B729E7F809D3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
This species is probably absent in the recent flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians since no new finding confirms its presence. It was mentioned for Chyvchyny Mts. (south Bukovina), based on old herbarium specimens by
<bibRefCitation id="4A89F9D5D60DB63F8557B6CE8121AA4E" author="Fedoronchuk, M. M." journalOrPublisher="Protection Affairs in Ukraine" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" pagination="9 - 18" refId="B9526179" refString="Fedoronchuk, M. M., Chorney, I. I., 2005. Genus Dianthus L. (Caryophyllaceae Juss.) of the flora of Ukraine: taxonomical and sozological analysis. Protection Affairs in Ukraine 11 (2): 9 - 18" title="Genus Dianthus L. (Caryophyllaceae Juss.) of the flora of Ukraine: taxonomical and sozological analysis" volume="11" year="2005">Fedoronchuk and Chorney (2005)</bibRefCitation>
. However, it is not listed for the flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians by
<bibRefCitation id="84F92D89EC9C6AD0AD6056DF3ABACADB" author="Chopyk, V." journalOrPublisher="Terno-graph, Ternopil" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9525810" refString="Chopyk, V., Fedoronchuk, M., 2015. Flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Terno-graph, Ternopil" title="Flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians" year="2015">Chopyk and Fedoronchuk (2015)</bibRefCitation>
. While working in the Ukrainian herbaria, I could not locate any specimen of
<taxonomicName id="8E2673C2C4C5358CF03219B813C1362F" lsidName="D. spiculifolius" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">
<emphasis id="C8175A03822C55E4347105AADA5E0296" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. spiculifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Probably such specimens could be refined in the
<normalizedToken id="4179EE2FC04731C906217447205715A8" originalValue="Schur’s">Schur's</normalizedToken>
collection hosted at LW, but, unfortunately, this collection has remained permanently unavailable for the last few years.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="079F8C21973FF633FBDFE74AE5E08033" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<bibRefCitation id="E2AC37A08669C9AE940449DCD0287101" author="Borbas, V." journalOrPublisher="Termeszetrajzi Fuezetek kiadja a Magyar nemzeti Muzeum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" pagination="40 - 53" refId="B9525730" refString="Borbas, V., 1889. A Lembergi egyetem herbariumaban lev Schur-fele erdelyi szegfuevekrl. Termeszetrajzi Fuezetek kiadja a Magyar nemzeti Muzeum 12: 40 - 53" title="A Lembergi egyetem herbariumaban lev Schur-fele erdelyi szegfuevekrl" volume="12" year="1889">
<normalizedToken id="B9EAA1686DE33200293B1E02DD018B2D" originalValue="Borbás">Borbas</normalizedToken>
(1889)
</bibRefCitation>
, on page 44, indicated that
<taxonomicName id="90E5F7D4BE92F785A5CCC26E1A4E21CB" lsidName="D. carpathicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="carpathicus">
<emphasis id="B0F8C8F7A4C1CC900978386874C19298" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. carpathicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="16DE90E298606CA587EBB0E026494943" originalValue="Borbás">Borbas</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="8C8F80F264BF4E543EDF9794607B8606" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
<taxonomicName id="A9357FCE01F8D2942EAB7698DB61306B" lsidName="D. callizonus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="callizonus">D. callizonus</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="9F7426B0C0A5EE226CF3C7B4AEC96887" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="73B0C74F983B26CB59A3F42DBD75BB61" lsidName="D. tenuifolius" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="tenuifolius">D. tenuifolius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) is a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="C22964B9BBCCDACF714A500EA3BCB920" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="4EE9C07C29022796EA11AE3B1CBEA2B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur, non Boiss. and indicated it in the protologue &quot;in rupibus calcareis alp.
<normalizedToken id="44DF5642F342E3AA2A14CA3D9463A35D" originalValue="Kyrálikő">Kyraliko</normalizedToken>
(i.e. Piatra Craiului Mts. in Hungarian), circa 2000 mt. s.m. Aug. 1858 (Schur!)&quot;.
<bibRefCitation id="85C803C043992A236267C7E42E5E7257" author="Schur, F." journalOrPublisher="Vindobonae" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9530487" refString="Schur, F., 1866. Enumeratio plantarum Transsilvaniae. Vindobonae" title="Enumeratio plantarum Transsilvaniae" year="1866">Schur (1866)</bibRefCitation>
, on page 96, as the protologue to
<taxonomicName id="F853E34470676940D55EFEC48D78FF88" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="13279302AA71639707588AAD28CC8046" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
wrote &quot;Auf Kalkfelsen des
<normalizedToken id="A2F79835BD780A53837FC40A38EF74CD" originalValue="Königstein">Koenigstein</normalizedToken>
(i.e. Piatra Craiului Mts. in German) bei Kronstadt (i.e.
<normalizedToken id="DEAC6396B83AA3974CA926D6F3CC447A" originalValue="Brașov">Brașov</normalizedToken>
). 6000-7000'. Aug.&quot;
<bibRefCitation id="3459DB36573FF818D20CCE4FC9D249E4" author="Williams, F. N." journalOrPublisher="West Newman" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9535290" refString="Williams, F. N., 1890. The pinks of Central Europe. West Newman" title="The pinks of Central Europe" year="1890">Williams (1890)</bibRefCitation>
, on page 37 and
<bibRefCitation id="E48FE2306D9A6938023BFA13B90E29E4" author="Williams, F. N." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" pagination="346 - 478" refId="B9535298" refString="Williams, F. N., 1893. A monograph of the genus Dianthus, Linn. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 29 (203): 346 - 478" title="A monograph of the genus Dianthus, Linn." volume="29" year="1893">Williams (1893)</bibRefCitation>
, on page 415, synonymised
<taxonomicName id="23AB2AE3B81CA7835D3C9118110E7AC8" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="47FAC11A98EE8A60CF7F6713D11ABBEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="886DBF3CFE8D23F827520691638C7491" lsidName="D. microchelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microchelus">
<emphasis id="458A2EB7AF397FFB4968E6E7DF2842D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microchelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Williams, and also cited it for Kronstadt in Transylvania.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94B926F43959BC04718627CA006AE8B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
It is unclear why CoL (https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6CQ3R, accessed on 07.06.2023), GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/7267406, accessed on 07.06.2023), WFO (http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000643860, accessed on 05.06.2023), POWO (https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:153598-1, accessed on 05.06.2023) and Worldplants (https://www.worldplants.de/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list?name=Dianthus-microlepis, accessed on 05.06.2023), as well as
<bibRefCitation id="B45AE1A121A400CE50ADE911F02340A5" author="Fassou, Georgia" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" pagination="91 - 214" refId="B9877353" refString="Fassou, Georgia, Korotkova, Nadja, Nersesyan, Anush, Koch, Marcus A., Dimopoulos, Panayotis, Borsch, Thomas, 2022. Taxonomy of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) - overall phylogenetic relationships and assessment of species diversity based on a first comprehensive checklist of the genus. PhytoKeys 196: 91 - 214" title="Taxonomy of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) - overall phylogenetic relationships and assessment of species diversity based on a first comprehensive checklist of the genus" volume="196" year="2022">
<emphasis id="437E792BC67E57080543D008AF7599E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">Fassou et al. (2022)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
, provide
<taxonomicName id="DC876765C6778763144E572A1EBC161B" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="3E62F7494646195A5A2FE768DF18F20E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur amongst synonyms for
<taxonomicName id="A8451286403038550D120D0276DEFBCD" lsidName="D. microlepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="EECD66BE9DD940AFBB4CE75E905BA7AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss., because
<bibRefCitation id="3466156EF7F053E88135569ADD970893" author="Boissier, P. E." journalOrPublisher="Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum. Vol. 1, Sisteus fasciculos 1 - 7" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9525714" refString="Boissier, P. E., 1843. . Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum. Vol. 1, Sisteus fasciculos 1-7 1" volume="1" year="1843">Boissier (1843)</bibRefCitation>
, on page 22, described
<taxonomicName id="B9D1A3345C45D5D37805628FA263D044" lsidName="D. microlepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="7E30AB5133BC1553EC3F2E920A3981C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
out of the Carpathian region, i.e. from Rumelia, Balkans. The current known distribution of
<taxonomicName id="C2D2859274E58469EDE0E3A83E619A93" lsidName="D. microlepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="4B0C41CEF81B50F442951208BDACDF46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is limited to Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia and Kosovo (
<bibRefCitation id="A2BE50A7313B9ECA1162633BA5565BBA" author="Marcussen, Thomas" journalOrPublisher="Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9528391" refString="Marhold K. Caryophyllaceae. Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/49f3f935-a218-49f0-9acd-5bbd9c2b8739" year="2022">Marhold 2022</bibRefCitation>
). Perhaps, the synonymisation of the Carpathian
<taxonomicName id="DFD39B3842A93924282AF37A96130EE6" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="A2E5CACC4F0DAAC08834A1DEBDD5AF61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur with Balcanian
<taxonomicName id="27186FA1AA02801C1285D7710B57E4A3" lsidName="D. microlepis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="769AD7BFD0E9F34F389C3A634800E47F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a result of a confusion of
<taxonomicName id="B189B03E87FE5FB2F2DD1F408EC12117" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="08C7849973BCFEEBA810B34825703728" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the sense of
<bibRefCitation id="2B5DCDAC394B1EF20357276D620CC63F" author="Schur, F." journalOrPublisher="Vindobonae" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9530487" refString="Schur, F., 1866. Enumeratio plantarum Transsilvaniae. Vindobonae" title="Enumeratio plantarum Transsilvaniae" year="1866">Schur (1866)</bibRefCitation>
[=
<taxonomicName id="118FB39E54A1AD084BA5DD510FBB16CE" lsidName="D. microchelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microchelus">
<emphasis id="1AE54C389C708F585D66F0E5BF530F69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microchelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Williams] with
<taxonomicName id="FBB887F32764431A9BD4A25919CCB07A" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="FCA258C8493692D461C62987D53D12E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the sense of earlier Boissier's publication (
<bibRefCitation id="7206AC4DC4E808A9F6D257A215263982" author="Boissier, P. E." journalOrPublisher="Voyage botanique dans le midi de l'Espagne pendant l'annee" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9525706" refString="Boissier, P. E., 1837. . Voyage botanique dans le midi de l'Espagne pendant l'annee 2" volume="2" year="1837">Boissier 1837</bibRefCitation>
: p. 85). Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="AD8962F0C9A561F9B96C75BED49C6BF0" lsidName="D. brachyanthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="brachyanthus">
<emphasis id="7398562B00744895367C1A06E7171EA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. brachyanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur, non Boiss. should be considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="38CD5333CF73662ABBDA94753FA7375E" lsidName="D. microchelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microchelus">
<emphasis id="DFE85DF9FFAAB462B332FD8EA9F519BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microchelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Williams and
<taxonomicName id="48B6961D98F140D86239882CAD7AF8D7" lsidName="D. carpathicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="carpathicus">
<emphasis id="DE36F140709C7CE883653919D224216E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. carpathicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="895B5CAA42F4AFBF15D1CB48B7E2BD58" originalValue="Borbás">Borbas</normalizedToken>
, non
<normalizedToken id="56EA84E1D6C5C544635275160C98CAE2" originalValue="Woł">Wol</normalizedToken>
. and, consequently, a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="755AEDA3FDE27740B5FE17CCAEF26449" lsidName="D. spiculifolius" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="spiculifolius">
<emphasis id="0F37526D1F88FBAAEA511D2F864F3852" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. spiculifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="182A23C36B3FC9F07A003130AA9CA8BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">
Interestingly, in all mentioned databases, including IPNI (https://www.ipni.org/n/153597-1, accessed on 05.06.2023),
<taxonomicName id="4717C9920BB75F2230E11D9FF2A52C61" lsidName="D. microchelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" rank="species" species="microchelus">
<emphasis id="46F335133D9CBF718673C5D8A50D96F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microchelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is misspelled as
<emphasis id="9D7BD99F8135282D6FEC001EFBB89B65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921">D. microche[i]lus</emphasis>
and the incorrect place of publication of this name is indicated. It is wrongly stated that Williams published this species in 1891 in Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift. Instead, Williams published it a year before, in 1890, in his monography &quot;The pinks of Central Europe&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="4956E6E43599996F0E59B2587F0D304C" author="Williams, F. N." journalOrPublisher="West Newman" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" refId="B9535290" refString="Williams, F. N., 1890. The pinks of Central Europe. West Newman" title="The pinks of Central Europe" year="1890">Williams 1890</bibRefCitation>
: p. 37), while later, in Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift, the editor of this journal, Richard R. von Wettstein, published a brief review on Williams' book with the indication of newly-proposed taxa (
<bibRefCitation id="198FFB1D7CE8C6A26A451AF46009C4A8" author="Wettstein, R." journalOrPublisher="Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="103921" pagination="147 - 178" refId="B9535246" refString="Wettstein, R., 1891. Litteratur-Uebersicht. Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 41 (4): 147 - 178" title="Litteratur-Uebersicht" volume="41" year="1891">Wettstein 1891</bibRefCitation>
: p. 176). Thus, Williams never personally published this name in Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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