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<document id="61B5BD743AAFF7C5E83C86C1769F6C25" ID-CLB-Dataset="3622" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5061.1.11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11bf5b45-a9bb-40a7-af36-a806daafd1c9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5642150" ID-ZooBank="43A13AB8-513E-4DB7-AEA1-1244A21C15E1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1635922157654" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Srinivasan, Pandiarajan, Sivaruban, T., Barathy, S. &amp; Isack, Rajasekaran" docDate="2021" docId="613287F84553084EFF67C0CEFAB8F93C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5061.1.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5061 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sparsorythus srokai Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="189" masterDocId="9D0BFF804552084AFFF0C400FFA5FFC6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Sparsorythus Sroka &amp; Soldán, 2008 (Ephemeroptera: Tricorythidae) from Tamil Nadu, India" masterLastPageNumber="191" masterPageNumber="185" pageNumber="186" updateTime="1699467541049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="D0C2CF4635E0EC932C9620C76795A789" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="B70BCF1F5F062B12DF2B9960F2D50394">
<mods:title id="D455B479D496AAFD2172E8D009ED9E75">A new species of Sparsorythus Sroka &amp; Soldán, 2008 (Ephemeroptera: Tricorythidae) from Tamil Nadu, India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BD8ED084276240A13A1CF7A3D1BA6F8C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F611DD838EB8EF821029B5CED166AE3A">
<mods:roleTerm id="61061283A0AF77285904730F2DB07980">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E494C11F21AC2E17C61E8F2E9646E59A">Srinivasan, Pandiarajan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5CD210304E04EA74EE2A288063447BAC">PG &amp; Research department of Zoology, The American College, Madurai- 625002, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FABD2782C8B27AF35056048A6CE9EED5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B1C4C9EEEA8E1E037A2BEB8F7C082915">
<mods:roleTerm id="6494EC628584784F0AF21571CDE2D9F2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="183B51C94FABC71D09C013400A535FCA">Sivaruban, T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="92D894D5123E6E12C58DD63E37953C2F">PG &amp; Research department of Zoology, The American College, Madurai- 625002, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7160521968D88B6040F3124DAAF942CF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EE3455FF5581F07AFD813F08B25759AE">
<mods:roleTerm id="4890CB7D2E55B8BCD4B5E7F7B618F0C7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FB13699C71E5BAB46F0FD1A2E0194E53">Barathy, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B5DF872DDF993BECD3D4B674E7D66C47">Department of Zoology, Fatima College, Madurai- 625018, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5F19CD51C9A8A26C7E6603B2808A6AD5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="32C5FA98F6805A5660580BF20A378AE8">
<mods:roleTerm id="7943C9E28F9FC948399599DC92CC3B06">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="31EF995C8C44F46CBA49AB25E8E10000">Isack, Rajasekaran</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7DA8DF29BE747165F45F60FD7DA1EA4E">PG &amp; Research department of Zoology, The American College, Madurai- 625002, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8B36D2962939557ABCCDE07217FAD81E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0CB036793849D5E72EB7B0AD56F9FA2C">
<mods:title id="4710D8A9C7A8C778387670B924F587F0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C1F281469735D4F087726E6498838350">
<mods:date id="5E90A3C07B2AA15E7EA768776E157E25">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C26E8892FCA1CED0094F82C5F84E127A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="66473F1C141E41F93B1D447837068F85">2021-11-03</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="97F747DF2CDB94625240771927FF58A7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C19B4928C1E665E00FA1001861A3C7A8">5061</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="540D3CD4A29CDAE3E25406052967FED8">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9FEF82FF47A60F44A0C9DCE177BA68BD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="39172C506ABB3F3C528FBF74BDD9155E" type="CLB-Dataset">3622</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A74A1F4969DE5A436E86313DC72342B8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5061.1.11</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4A5DD787E5A71468AF470B8D21FE42C9" type="GBIF-Dataset">11bf5b45-a9bb-40a7-af36-a806daafd1c9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E2492086044D82A645FC18B85598251E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="613287F84553084EFF67C0CEFAB8F93C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5699115" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190303640" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5699115" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:613287F84553084EFF67C0CEFAB8F93C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/613287F84553084EFF67C0CEFAB8F93C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<subSubSection id="A18165654553084BFF67C0CEFE30FA5B" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E92436EE4553084BFF67C0CEFDDDFB2E" blockId="1.[151,632,1230,1257]" box="[151,632,1230,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<heading id="B26C81824553084BFF67C0CEFDDDFB2E" bold="true" box="[151,632,1230,1257]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFF67C0CEFDDDFB2E" bold="true" box="[151,632,1230,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D4553084BFF67C0CEFE2CFB2F" authority="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack, 2021" authorityName="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,393,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srokai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFF67C0CEFE2CFB2F" bold="true" box="[151,393,1230,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Sparsorythus srokai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0DC57874553084BFE61C0CFFE4BFB2F" box="[401,494,1231,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFE0EC0CEFDCAFB2E" box="[510,623,1230,1256]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox-0="[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetBox-1="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetBox-2="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId-0="figure-78@2.[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetId-1="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId-2="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679003" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5679003/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E92436EE4553084BFF67C117FE30FA5B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1302,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFF67C117FF41FAF7" bold="true" box="[151,228,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Types.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="59F33CB34553084BFF1AC117FAA6FA93" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3400659301" collectingDate="2021-01-21" collectionCode="R" collectorName="P. Srinivasan &amp; R. Isack" country="India" county="Female" elevation="308" latitude="9.9663" location="Theni district" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="77.4353" municipality="South" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFF1AC117FEF2FAF7" bold="true" box="[234,343,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<typeStatus id="3620884C4553084BFF1AC117FEF2FAF7" box="[234,343,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(in alcohol):
<collectingCounty id="00454E624553084BFE1BC117FD98FAF7" box="[491,573,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Female</collectingCounty>
mature nymph (
<collectorName id="446E53384553084BFD04C117FCFCFAF7" box="[756,857,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Reg. No.</collectorName>
ZSI–SRC/I/E/597),
<collectingMunicipality id="0940AC944553084BFBCDC117FBDBFAF7" box="[1085,1150,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">South</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCountry id="918C767E4553084BFB75C117FB64FAF7" box="[1157,1217,1303,1329]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2B5FF80C4553084BFB3BC117FAF4FAF7" box="[1227,1361,1303,1329]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="EC4460354553084BFAABC117FF4DFA93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:613287F84553084EFF67C0CEFAB8F93C:EC4460354553084BFAABC117FF4DFA93" country="India" county="Female" latitude="9.9663" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="77.4353" municipality="South" name="Theni district" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Theni district</location>
,
<location id="EC4460354553084BFF01C13BFE10FA93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:613287F84553084EFF67C0CEFAB8F93C:EC4460354553084BFF01C13BFE10FA93" box="[241,437,1339,1365]" country="India" county="Female" latitude="9.9663" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="77.4353" municipality="South" name="Veerapandi River" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Veerapandi River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8CAF50294553084BFE30C13BFD82FA93" box="[448,551,1339,1365]" degrees="9.9663" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" precision="5" value="9.9663">9.9663 N</geoCoordinate>
&amp;
<geoCoordinate id="8CAF50294553084BFDB9C13AFD18FA93" box="[585,701,1338,1365]" degrees="77.4353" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" precision="5" value="77.4353">77.4353 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="2E639B0B4553084BFD38C13BFCABFA93" box="[712,782,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" unit="m" value="308.0">
<elevation id="62B6D1DD4553084BFD38C13BFCABFA93" box="[712,782,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" unit="m" value="308.0">308 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l;
<date id="9D25102E4553084BFCBFC13BFC18FA93" box="[847,957,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" value="2021-01-21">
<collectingDate id="8D61E9C64553084BFCBFC13BFC18FA93" box="[847,957,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" value="2021-01-21">21/i/2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="446E53384553084BFC37C13BFBF2FA93" box="[967,1111,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">P. Srinivasan</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="8F8AAE2B4553084BFB89C13BFB2AFA93" box="[1145,1167,1339,1365]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="446E53384553084BFB68C13BFB76FA93" box="[1176,1235,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Isack</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFAF9C13BFA24FA93" bold="true" box="[1289,1409,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<typeStatus id="3620884C4553084BFAF9C13BFA24FA93" box="[1289,1409,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="FF9DFD674553084BFA7EC13BFF46FABF" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
nymph (Reg. No. ZSI–SRC/I/E/598),
<materialsCitation id="59F33CB34553084BFD63C15FFBB2FABF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3400659302" box="[659,1047,1375,1401]" collectionCode="AMC" country="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" specimenCode="ZN 190" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="FF9DFD674553084BFD63C15FFD7BFABF" box="[659,734,1375,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
nymph (
<collectionCode id="8F8AAE2B4553084BFCB1C15FFC26FABF" box="[833,899,1375,1401]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2xyg-zxc2" name="Department of Biologics Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">AMC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="B93D9E954553084BFC79C15FFC45FABF" box="[905,992,1375,1401]" collectionCode="AMC" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2xyg-zxc2" name="Department of Biologics Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">ZN 190</specimenCode>
) and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="59F33CB34553084BFBEFC15FFE37FA5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3400659303" collectingDate="2021-01-21" collectionCode="AMC" collectorName="P. Srinivasan &amp; R. Isack" country="India" county="Female" elevation="308" latitude="9.9663" location="Theni district" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="77.4353" municipality="South" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" specimenCode="ZN 191" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="FF9DFD674553084BFBEFC15FFBDAFABF" box="[1055,1151,1375,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
nymphs (
<collectionCode id="8F8AAE2B4553084BFB1DC15FFA8AFABF" box="[1261,1327,1375,1401]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2xyg-zxc2" name="Department of Biologics Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">AMC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="B93D9E954553084BFAC6C15FFA2AFABF" box="[1334,1423,1375,1401]" collectionCode="AMC" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2xyg-zxc2" name="Department of Biologics Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">ZN 191</specimenCode>
), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18165654553084EFF37C1A6FAB8F93C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E92436EE4553084BFF37C1A6FEC3F997" blockId="1.[151,1437,1302,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFF37C1A6FEE7FA06" bold="true" box="[199,322,1446,1472]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The nymphs of
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D4553084BFE04C1A7FD77FA07" authority="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack, 2021" authorityName="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2021" box="[500,722,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srokai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFE04C1A7FD77FA07" box="[500,722,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Sparsorythus srokai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFD28C1A7FC95FA07" bold="true" box="[728,816,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0DC57874553084BFD28C1A7FC95FA07" box="[728,816,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D4553084BFADEC1A7FF63FA23" baseAuthorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFADEC1A7FF63FA23" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: i) presence of lateral setae in the each segment of caudal filaments (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFF50C1EFFF49F9CF" box="[160,236,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
), ii) dorsal surface of labrum entirely covered with scattered ribbon-like bristles (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFB9BC1EFFB5AF9CF" box="[1131,1279,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2A&amp; 2B</figureCitation>
), iii) posterior margin of mesonotum reaching segment III in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFCEFC213FCDDF9EB" box="[799,888,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-78@2.[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5679003/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
), and iv) left prostheca with several pointed teeth apically (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFF0FC237FEFFF997" box="[255,346,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E92436EE45530849FF37C25BFB4DFD37" blockId="1.[151,1437,1302,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,753]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4553084BFF37C25BFDBBF9B2" bold="true" box="[199,542,1626,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Mature nymphs (in alcohol):</emphasis>
Male body length:
<quantity id="2E639B0B4553084BFD09C25AFC27F9B3" box="[761,898,1626,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.3">3.3–3.5 mm</quantity>
, female body length:
<quantity id="2E639B0B4553084BFB85C25BFB59F9B3" box="[1141,1276,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" unit="mm" value="4.699999999999999" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="4.6">4.6–4.8 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFAFBC25BFAE9F9B3" box="[1291,1356,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-78@2.[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5679003/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). General body coloration grayish-yellow, ventral side of body pale yellowish. Head: Head wider than long and dark blackish with a transverse yellowish line between the eyes (ratio of length: width is 1: 1.8). Head about twice longer than wide. Head widths:
<quantity id="2E639B0B4553084BFE5FC2C7FDB6F927" box="[431,531,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" unit="mm" value="1.01">1.01 mm</quantity>
(male) and
<quantity id="2E639B0B4553084BFD69C2C7FD58F927" box="[665,765,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="1" pageNumber="186" unit="mm" value="1.41">1.41 mm</quantity>
(female). Antenna longer than head length 1.8:1 (male) and 1.7:1 (female). Scape about four times the length of the pedicel. Compound eyes black, ocelli greyish. Eyes of female nymphs are slightly larger than those of male nymphs. Ratio of distance between compound eyes to eye width of male = 2.6:1, female = 3.2:1. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFD97C333FD1AF88B" box="[615,703,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) oval, ratio of width: length 2.5:1; dorsal surface entirely covered with scattered ribbon-like bristles (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFDD1C357FDDDF8B7" box="[545,632,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) and two lateral groups of bristles on the ventral side. Hypopharyngeal lingua as wide as long; divided by long rill in middle and nick at the anterior margin of lingua (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFB27C37BFA95F853" box="[1239,1328,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFF50C39FFF52F87F" box="[160,247,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
) oblong-shaped, approximately 1/3 longer than wide, apical part truncate. Labium (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4553084BFB57C39FFB5AF87F" box="[1191,1279,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="186">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
): Glossae and paraglossae fused into a rounded triangular plate and with two groups of setae on lateral submargin. Labial palps three-segmented. First segment oblong shaped, about 1/3 times shorter than the second one, without any setation. The Second segment curved, apical end pointed bluntly with a row of stout marginal setae at its outer margin and tiny submarginal setae at its inner margin. The third segment is very small, bluntly pointed at the apex, without any setation. Labial plate without any nick in the middle of the anterior margin. Mandibles (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FBC5C2A4FB17F978" box="[1077,1202,1700,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Figs. 2F–2J</figureCitation>
) robust and each with a row of long filtering setae on outer margin; outer incisor of both mandibles triangular, with numerous bristles on ventral side; apex with pair of rounded projections; ventral side of inner incisor with bristles and dorsal side with tiny branched setae; left prostheca (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FE8AC310FE6FF8EC" box="[378,458,1808,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
) asymmetrically wider apically, with several pointed teeth (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FBBDC310FB04F8EC" box="[1101,1185,1808,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
) and with three to four bristle-like processes at base (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FE21C334FD82F888" box="[465,551,1844,1870]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
); length of the left prostheca sub equal to the length of inner incisor; right prostheca (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FF6FC358FF4DF8B4" box="[159,232,1880,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
) notched, extended apically with several pointed teeth, no setae on inner side; length of right prostheca slightly shorter than inner incisor (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FE40C37CFE58F850" box="[432,509,1916,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-366@3.[349,1238,777,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mouthparts of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
). Thorax: Width of pronotum subequal to the width of the head. Wing pad pale yellow with black hypodermal pigmentation in the coastal margins (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FCD0C3A0FCFBF87C" box="[800,862,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-78@2.[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5679003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Posterior margin of mesonotum overlapping at segment III of both sexes (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45500848FE60C3C4FE68F818" box="[400,461,1988,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-78@2.[349,1238,270,1603]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5679003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Length ratio of femur:tibia:tarsus = 1.8:2.2:1 (forelegs); 1.9:2.1:1 (midlegs); and 2.3:2.6:1 (hindlegs). Femora are flat, shorter than tibiae. Three legs dissimilar in shape and size; hind legs larger than fore and mid legs (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FF20C4BBFEF8FF13" box="[208,349,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Figs. 3A–3C</figureCitation>
). A transversal row of setae on the fore femoral dorsal surface S–shaped (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FB9DC4BBFB66FF13" box="[1133,1219,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Fore femoral setae about 4.1–4.3 times longer than wide with blunt apex (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FD29C4DFFC88FF3F" box="[729,813,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). A row of setae on fore tibiae is very thin, sharp and about
<quantity id="2E639B0B45510849FF67C503FEA7FEDB" box="[151,258,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="0.092">0.092 mm</quantity>
in size (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FEA8C503FE0DFEDB" box="[344,424,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surface of middle and hind femora sparsely covered by spines of variable size (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FACCC503FA35FEDB" box="[1340,1424,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
). Mid and hind femora each with short setae at inner margin and long stout setae at outer margin, a row of stout setae along the outer margin of mid and hind femora irregular. Inner margin of mid and hind tibia with longitudinal row of stout setae, setae about
<quantity id="2E639B0B45510849FEE3C56EFEDAFE4F" box="[275,383,366,393]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="0.035">0.035 mm</quantity>
in length (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FE00C56FFDE5FE4F" box="[496,576,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Tarsal claws hooked, bearing 2 median denticles and two lateral subapical teeth. Abdomen: Abdomen not flat, lateral sides on segments II–VII concave, segments VIII–IX cylindrical. Denticles of hind margin of abdominal tergum VII short, either pointed or blunt, or terminated by several points. Gills absent on abdominal segment I; gills present on abdominal segments II–VI. Gills each with dorsal lamella and ventral portion consisting of two branches with numerous lateral filaments (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FD93C5FFFD1FFDDF" box="[611,698,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
). Gills absent on segment VII. Caudal filaments: Paracercus slightly longer than cerci. Sexual dimorphism: Cerci and paracercus of males much wider and compressed at the base than those of females. Individual segments of caudal filaments each rounded at the posterior margin with setae on the dorsal surface approximately as long as 1/2 of the length of the segment in the proximal part of the cerci and length of the segment increases on its distal part with setae on the dorsal surface approximately as long as 1/6 of the length of the segment. Setae on the ventral surface approximately as long as 1/5 of the length of the segment (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B45510849FC57C6B3FC4AFD0B" box="[935,1007,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
). Lateral margins with spiky setae about half the length of corresponding segments, with these setae present on both sides of paracercus and cerci.
</paragraph>
<caption id="BDE4666645500848FF67C25EFD0DF9B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679003" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5679003" box="[151,680,1630,1654]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5679003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" startId="2.[151,250,1630,1654]" targetBox="[349,1238,270,1603]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="E92436EE45500848FF67C25EFD0DF9B0" blockId="2.[151,680,1630,1654]" box="[151,680,1630,1654]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC45500848FF67C25EFEB6F9B0" bold="true" box="[151,275,1630,1654]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Nymph of
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D45500848FE77C25EFDF4F9B0" authority="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack, 2021" authorityName="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2021" box="[391,593,1630,1654]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srokai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC45500848FE77C25EFDF4F9B0" box="[391,593,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Sparsorythus srokai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0DC578745500848FDA8C25EFD0DF9B0" box="[600,680,1630,1654]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BDE4666645510849FF67C384FCEEF822" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5642152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642152/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="188" startId="3.[151,250,1924,1948]" targetBox="[349,1238,777,1901]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="E92436EE45510849FF67C384FCEEF822" blockId="3.[151,1436,1924,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC45510849FF67C384FEB0F85A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Mouthparts of
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D45510849FE4AC384FD23F85A" authority="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack, 2021" authorityName="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2021" box="[442,646,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srokai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC45510849FE4AC384FD23F85A" box="[442,646,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">Sparsorythus srokai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC45510849FD7FC384FD47F85A" bold="true" box="[655,738,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0DC578745510849FD7FC384FD47F85A" box="[655,738,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="188" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, Labrum; B, Ribbon-like bristles in labrum; C, Hypopharyngeal lingua; D, Maxilla; E, Labium; F, Left mandible; G, SEM view of left prostheca; H, Three to four bristle-like processes at base of left prostheca; I, Right mandible; J, SEM view of right prostheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BDE466664556084EFF67C17AFA29FA1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" startId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" targetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="E92436EE4556084EFF67C17AFA29FA1C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1402,1498]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFF67C17AFEB1FA54" bold="true" box="[151,276,1402,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Nymph of
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D4556084EFE7AC17AFDF0FA54" authority="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack, 2021" authorityName="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2021" box="[394,597,1402,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srokai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFE7AC17AFDF0FA54" box="[394,597,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Sparsorythus srokai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFDADC17AFD0BFA54" bold="true" box="[605,686,1402,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0DC57874556084EFDADC17AFD0BFA54" box="[605,686,1402,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E92436EE4556084EFF37C208FCADF9AC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1544,1787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFF37C208FF53F9E4" bold="true" box="[199,246,1544,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Egg</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4556084EFEF7C208FEFFF9E4" box="[263,346,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
): Egg yellowish; oval shaped, longer than wide measuring 184 μm long and 128 μm wide. The polar cap covers approximately about 1/2 of the egg surface. Egg surface covered with hexagonal structures (
<figureCitation id="71A02A6B4556084EFA9FC22CFF18F9AC" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[340,1247,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nymph of Sparsorythus srokai sp. nov. A, Foreleg; B, Midleg; C, Hindleg; D, Transverse setae on forefemur; E, SEM view of bristle like foretibial setae; F, Shape of midtibial setae; G, Different shaped setae in the surface of hindfemur; H, Gill II; I, SEM view of proximal part of paracercus and cerci; J, SEM view of egg; K, SEM view of chorionic surface of egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5642154/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
). Egg pole opposite to the polar cap bluntly pointed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E92436EE4556084EFF37C274FDE7F948" blockId="4.[151,1437,1544,1787]" box="[199,578,1652,1678]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFF37C274FE69F948" bold="true" box="[199,460,1652,1678]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Subimago and imago:</emphasis>
Unknown
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E92436EE4556084EFF37C298FAE1F974" blockId="4.[151,1437,1544,1787]" box="[199,1348,1688,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFF37C298FEEDF974" bold="true" box="[199,328,1688,1714]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Etymology</emphasis>
. This species is dedicated to Dr. Pavel Sroka for his contribution to Oriental
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D4556084EFB55C298FAE5F974" authorityName="Lestage" authorityYear="1942" box="[1189,1344,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tricorythidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E92436EE4556084EFF37C2BCFAB8F93C" blockId="4.[151,1437,1544,1787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFF37C2BCFE89F910" bold="true" box="[199,300,1724,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Ecology.</emphasis>
The nymphs of
<taxonomicName id="2E9B4D6D4556084EFE13C2BCFD67F910" authority="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack, 2021" authorityName="Srinivasan &amp; Sivaruban &amp; Barathy &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2021" box="[483,706,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srokai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFE13C2BCFD67F910" box="[483,706,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">Sparsorythus srokai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DBEFEAFC4556084EFD39C2BCFC87F910" bold="true" box="[713,802,1724,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0DC57874556084EFD39C2BCFC87F910" box="[713,802,1724,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were collected in the River of Veerapandi, Theni district (
<quantity id="2E639B0B4556084EFF6FC2E0FF53F93D" box="[159,246,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6–12 m</quantity>
wide, about
<quantity id="2E639B0B4556084EFE76C2E0FE6EF93D" box="[390,459,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="189" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
depth). The water temperature ranges between 25°C–28°C and pH 7.2–7.6.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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