278 lines
31 KiB
XML
278 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="FE966687D68ADCD3578684663BD32F6F" ID-CLB-Dataset="94528" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5102.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad30faa6-eab1-4dae-b686-9e5fee56f55c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6245602" ID-ZooBank="BEA963B7-F7B9-458A-92EE-A4740AC390AC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1645601333553" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, Philip S." docDate="2022" docId="03A33567FF9554151CD083A1FC8F3BA8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5102.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5102 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tetraponera mandibularis" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="FF9A4D1FFFBD543D1C478336FFC13E45" masterDocTitle="The ant genus Tetraponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical region: taxonomic review and key to species" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1699316131195" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="59762AC0965D7FA3D611A287AD291715">
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<mods:title id="CFDB9F8716106407EB40847107B4A314">The ant genus Tetraponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical region: taxonomic review and key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FE79C3EEB18DC0D3022E475B1AA2D4DA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7CCCF6CA55C01E93DA7D64EF9E507EBC">Ward, Philip S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="06F061E92F2373AC1182C5CED8FB0129">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="37D16DDCF9794EA4A2EB78C992D79E85">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="21F287F06BB7FB6D8ECD5E18DE2555AB">
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<mods:date id="460CEC68BA8C5221D03EF4AAAB7E4E05">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="89A833BC28CECC358CD00BE1FDBDF56C">2022-02-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A3E0EE947C53263910CFE27DC4110871">5102</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FEC7DE2B6E2347FDDED72CCF206C7EC2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5102.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A33567FF9554151CD083A1FC8F3BA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6822607" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197227888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6822607" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF9554151CD083A1FC8F3BA8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A33567FF9554151CD083A1FC8F3BA8" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF9554151CD083A1FD823EF4" box="[151,579,151,178]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD083A1FD823EF4" blockId="40.[151,579,151,213]" box="[151,579,151,178]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="D0FD331DFF9554151CD083A1FD823EF4" bold="true" box="[151,579,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD083A1FD823EF4" ID-CoL="55RPJ" authority="(Emery)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[151,579,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD083A1FD823EF4" bold="true" box="[151,579,151,178]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD083A1FE123EF7" bold="true" box="[151,467,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera mandibularis</emphasis>
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(Emery)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF9554151CD0838DFF3B3E90" box="[151,250,187,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD0838DFF3B3E90" blockId="40.[151,579,151,213]" box="[151,250,187,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133198F4FF9554151CE7838DFF303E90" box="[160,241,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,181,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@18.[151,1436,181,1694]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 19–21. Tetraponera allaborans group, workers, full-face (dorsal) view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 19, T. mandibularis, Madagascar (CASENT0012845); 20, T. morondaviensis, Madagascar (CASENT0012835); 21, T. sahlbergii, Madagascar (CASENT0012851). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographer April Nobile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245637/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF9554151CD08236FC373C2D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD08236FD1D3F73" blockId="40.[151,1437,255,402]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AA35FFF9554151CD08236FD1D3F73" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AABA260FF9554151CD08236FDD53F5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6292268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6292268" author="Emery, C." box="[151,532,255,280]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/33430F290BB731BB42737DCC4C984291" page="340" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1895">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD08236FDD53F5D" authority="Emery 1895 a: 340" authorityName="Emery" authorityPageNumber="340" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,532,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD08236FE943F5D" box="[151,341,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sima mandibularis</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF9554151D1D8236FDD53F5D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810313" box="[346,532,255,280]" collectionCode="MSNG" collectorName="Diego-Suarez & C. Alluaud" country="Madagascar" location="Imaged on AntWeb" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151D1D8236FDD53F5D" author="Emery, C." box="[346,532,255,280]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="336 - 345" refId="ref64928" refString="Emery, C. (1895 a) Mission scientifique de M. Ch. Alluaud dans le territoire de Diego-Suarez (Madagascar-nord) (Avril - Aout 1893). Formicides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 39, 336 - 345." type="journal article" year="1895">Emery 1895a: 340</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="54B13AD3FF9554151E5B8236FDBB3F5D" box="[540,634,256,280]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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dealate queen (by monotypy),
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<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF9554151FEB8236FBFB3F5D" box="[940,1082,256,280]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diego-Suarez</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF95541518058236FB7D3F5D" box="[1090,1212,256,280]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF955415188E8236FAF63F5D" box="[1225,1335,256,280]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">C. Alluaud</collectorName>
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) (MSNG) [examined].
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<location id="8ED5D2AAFF9554151D008228FDD13F73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF9554151CD083A1FC8F3BA8:8ED5D2AAFF9554151D008228FDD13F73" box="[327,528,286,310]" country="Madagascar" name="Imaged on AntWeb" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Imaged on AntWeb</location>
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||
: CASENT0102030.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD0820BFE313FD7" blockId="40.[151,1437,255,402]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AA35FFF9554151CD0820BFE313FD7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABA260FF9554151CD0820BFE3C3F10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5641246" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5641246" author="Santschi, F." box="[151,509,317,341]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BE3BF30DEE4FF8B6924B57ABD94453EE" page="120" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1911">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD0820BFE3C3F10" authority="Santschi 1911 b: 120" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,509,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
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||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD0820BFEE53F10" box="[151,292,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sima flexuosa</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151D6C820BFE3C3F10" author="Santschi, F." box="[299,509,317,341]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="117 - 134" refId="ref67601" refString="Santschi, F. (1911 b) Nouvelles fourmis de Madagascar. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 19, 117 - 134. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29916" type="journal article" year="1911">Santschi 1911b: 120</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF9554151E40820BFB603F10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810458" box="[519,1185,317,341]" collectionCode="MHNG, NHMB" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-worker="3" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B13AD3FF9554151E40820BFDA73F10" box="[519,614,317,341]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D0C4FF8FF9554151E37820BFD193F10" box="[624,728,317,341]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="worker">3 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, “Madagasc.” (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF9554151F34820BFC053F10" box="[883,964,317,341]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF9554151F88820BFBDC3F10" box="[975,1053,317,341]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1d5a-4efs" name="Natural History Museum Bucharest" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">NHMB</collectionCode>
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) [examined]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF95541518ED820BFCB93F36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810303" collectionCode="NHMB" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-worker="2" typeStatus="syntype">
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<specimenCount id="9D0C4FF8FF95541518ED820BFAA43F10" box="[1194,1381,317,341]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="worker" typeStatus="syntype">2 syntype workers</specimenCount>
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from
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF9554151C80826AFED23F36" box="[199,275,348,371]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1d5a-4efs" name="Natural History Museum Bucharest" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">NHMB</collectionCode>
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imaged on AntWeb: CASENT0101154, CASENT0101155
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF9554151FC4826AFE2C3FD7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810320" collectionCode="MHNG" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="syntype">
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||
<specimenCount id="9D0C4FF8FF9554151FC4826AFBF63F31" box="[899,1079,348,372]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="worker" typeStatus="syntype">1 syntype worker</specimenCount>
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||
from
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF955415183E826AFB073F31" box="[1145,1222,348,372]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
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||
imaged on AntWeb: CASENT0101979.
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||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151DC8824CFE2C3FD7" bold="true" box="[399,493,378,402]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Syn. nov</emphasis>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151DAB824CFE313FD7" bold="true" box="[492,496,378,402]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD0828EFBA23F95" blockId="40.[151,1213,440,525]" box="[151,1123,440,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AA35FFF9554151CD0828EFBA23F95" box="[151,1123,440,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD0828EFDF93F95" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,568,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis" subGenus="Tetraponera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD0828EFF0B3F8A" box="[151,202,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151C9E828EFE943F8A" box="[217,341,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151D23828EFE2A3F95" box="[356,491,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||
Emery
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABA260FF9554151E05828EFD293F95" author="Emery, C." box="[578,744,440,464]" page="27" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1921">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151E05828EFD293F95" author="Emery, C." box="[578,744,440,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref65129" refString="Emery, C. (1921) Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [part]. Genera Insectorum, 174 A, 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="1921">Emery 1921: 27</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151FD0828EFB9F3F95" authority="" box="[919,1118,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tetraponera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151FD0828EFC0B3F8A" box="[919,970,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151F9F828EFB953F8A" box="[984,1108,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD082E1FBD73FAB" blockId="40.[151,1213,440,525]" box="[151,1046,470,494]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AA35FFF9554151CD082E1FBD73FAB" box="[151,1046,470,494]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD082E1FE3E3FAB" ID-CoL="55RPJ" authority="(Emery)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[151,511,470,494]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD082E1FE603FAB" box="[151,417,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||
(Emery)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABA260FF9554151E4E82E0FD273FAB" author="Wheeler, W. M." box="[521,742,470,494]" page="1015" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1922">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151E4E82E0FD273FAB" author="Wheeler, W. M." box="[521,742,470,494]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1005 - 1055" refId="ref69555" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1922 c) Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. IX. A synonymic list of the ants of the Malagasy region. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 45, 1005 - 1055." type="journal article" year="1922">Wheeler 1922c: 1015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151FD382E1FBD13FAB" ID-CoL="63V5S" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[916,1040,471,494]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151FD382E1FBD13FAB" box="[916,1040,471,494]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD082C0FB7C3C48" blockId="40.[151,1213,440,525]" box="[151,1213,501,525]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD082C0FE3E3C48" ID-CoL="55RPJ" authority="(Emery)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[151,511,501,525]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD082C0FE603C48" box="[151,417,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||
(Emery)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151E4E82C3FD223C48" author="Chomicki, G. & Ward, P. S. & Renner, S." box="[521,739,501,525]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="20152200" refId="ref64252" refString="Chomicki, G., Ward, P. S. & Renner, S. (2015) Macroevolutionary assembly of ant / plant symbioses: Pseudomyrmex ants and their ant-housing plants in the Neotropics. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282, 20152200. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2015.2200" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Chomicki
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151E3482C0FD663C48" box="[627,679,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figure S1. Placement in molecular phylogeny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD08105FB833C0F" blockId="40.[151,1090,562,617]" box="[151,1090,562,587]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AA35FFF9554151CD08105FB833C0F" box="[151,1090,562,587]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD08105FDD63C0F" authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,535,562,586]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flexuosa" subGenus="Tetraponera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD08105FF0B3C0F" box="[151,202,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151C9E8105FE943C0F" box="[217,341,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151D238104FE793C0F" box="[356,440,562,586]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">flexuosa</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABA260FF9554151E658105FD093C0F" author="Emery, C." box="[546,712,562,587]" page="27" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1921">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151E658105FD093C0F" author="Emery, C." box="[546,712,562,587]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref65129" refString="Emery, C. (1921) Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [part]. Genera Insectorum, 174 A, 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="1921">Emery 1921: 27</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151F318105FBFF3C0F" authority="" box="[886,1086,562,586]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tetraponera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151F318105FC683C0F" box="[886,937,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151FFF8105FBF53C0F" box="[952,1076,563,586]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD08164FC373C2D" blockId="40.[151,1090,562,617]" box="[151,1014,593,617]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AA35FFF9554151CD08164FC373C2D" box="[151,1014,593,617]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151CD08164FE1F3C2C" ID-CoL="55RP4" authority="(Santschi)" baseAuthorityName="Santschi" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[151,478,593,617]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD08164FEAF3C2C" box="[151,366,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera flexuosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Santschi)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABA260FF9554151DAF8167FD073C2C" author="Wheeler, W. M." box="[488,710,593,617]" page="1014" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1922">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF9554151DAF8167FD073C2C" author="Wheeler, W. M." box="[488,710,593,617]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1005 - 1055" refId="ref69555" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1922 c) Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. IX. A synonymic list of the ants of the Malagasy region. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 45, 1005 - 1055." type="journal article" year="1922">Wheeler 1922c: 1014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151F338164FC313C2C" ID-CoL="63V5S" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[884,1008,594,617]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151F338164FC313C2C" box="[884,1008,594,617]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tetraponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF9554151CD081A1FD503AEC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151CD081A1FDD93CBC" blockId="40.[151,1437,663,1518]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151CD081A1FE663CF4" bold="true" box="[151,423,663,689]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Worker measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(n=8). HW 0.74–0.93, HL 0.95–1.23, LHT 0.70–0.91, CI 0.76–0.80, FCI 0.12–0.16, REL 0.28–0.31, REL2 0.37–0.40, SI 0.62–0.71, SI3 1.58–1.84, FI 0.40–0.43, PLI 0.51–0.57, PWI 0.41–0.45, LHT/HW 0.91–0.97, CSC 4–10, MSC 8–17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151C808035FD503AEC" blockId="40.[151,1437,663,1518]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151C808035FE5C3D58" bold="true" box="[199,413,771,797]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Worker diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Moderate-sized species, with somewhat elongate head, and eyes of moderate size (see ocular indices); minimum distance between frontal carinae exceeding basal scape width; scape relatively long, about two-thirds of head width and about one-half head length (SI 0.62–0.71, SI2 0.49–0.55); median clypeal lobe protruding only slightly, weakly crenulate; profemur moderately robust (FI 0.40–0.43); mesosoma with a differentiated, transverse metanotal plate, about one third the length of the mesonotum, flanked anteriorly and posteriorly by relatively weak transverse grooves; dorsal face of propodeum subequal in length to declivitous face, and rounding insensibly into the latter; petiole relatively slender (see PLI and PWI values), with a well differentiated anterior peduncle and weak to absent anteroventral tooth, the node with relatively shallow and similar anterodorsal and posterodorsal faces, as seen in profile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133198F4FF9554151E0C8715FD6D3A7B" box="[587,684,1059,1086]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,181,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@18.[151,1436,181,1694]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 19–21. Tetraponera allaborans group, workers, full-face (dorsal) view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 19, T. mandibularis, Madagascar (CASENT0012845); 20, T. morondaviensis, Madagascar (CASENT0012835); 21, T. sahlbergii, Madagascar (CASENT0012851). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographer April Nobile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245637/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 19b</figureCitation>
|
||
); postpetiole longer than broad. Integument shiny to sublucid, with weak reticulation and scattered punctures. Standing pilosity relatively common on head (CSC 4–10) and mesosoma (MSC 8–17), occasionally present as one to several hairs on dorsal face of propodeum. Dark brown, with antennae, mandibles, clypeus, and legs variably lighter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF9554151C808785FD8D3BE3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151C808785FD8D3BE3" blockId="40.[151,1437,663,1518]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151C808785FE893A88" bold="true" box="[199,328,1203,1229]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. Distinguishing features of the worker of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151F718782FC2B3A88" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[822,1002,1203,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151F718782FC2B3A88" box="[822,1002,1203,1229]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are its dark brown (not black) color, weakly protruding and crenulate clypeal margin, relatively long scapes (SI 0.62–0.71), moderate levels of standing pilosity, and relatively slender petiole (PLI 0.51–0.57). The queen is similar but the clypeal margin is furnished with a robust median tooth, flanked by two blunt lateral teeth. Phylogenetic analysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BF980FF95541518498629FB3A3B7F" author="Chomicki, G. & Ward, P. S. & Renner, S." box="[1038,1275,1311,1338]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="20152200" refId="ref64252" refString="Chomicki, G., Ward, P. S. & Renner, S. (2015) Macroevolutionary assembly of ant / plant symbioses: Pseudomyrmex ants and their ant-housing plants in the Neotropics. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282, 20152200. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2015.2200" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Chomicki
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF95541518C38616FB7D3B7C" box="[1156,1212,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) demonstrates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151C8D8672FEBD3B18" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[202,380,1347,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151C8D8672FEBD3B18" box="[202,380,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151E2A8672FD0C3B18" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[621,717,1347,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fictrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151E2A8672FD0C3B18" box="[621,717,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. fictrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differing primarily by its darker color (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF95541518DB8672FB3D3B18" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[1180,1276,1347,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fictrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF95541518DB8672FB3D3B18" box="[1180,1276,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. fictrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reddish-orange). There are a few collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151E7E865EFD283BC4" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[569,745,1383,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151E7E865EFD283BC4" box="[569,745,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers that are lighter in color, suggesting the possibility of occasional introgression with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF9554151DA186BAFD843BE0" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[486,581,1419,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fictrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151DA186BAFD843BE0" box="[486,581,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. fictrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF9554151C808699FC8F3BA8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF9554151C808699FC8F3BA8" blockId="40.[151,1437,663,1518]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF9554151C808699FE2A3B8C" bold="true" box="[199,491,1455,1481]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution and biology</emphasis>
|
||
. This is a generalist inhabitant of dead twigs that occurs in both rainforest and tropical dry forest, from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF9554151D9B86E5FDA23BA8" box="[476,611,1491,1517]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
south to about
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EE2B6FF9554151F5786E5FC8B3BA8" box="[784,842,1491,1517]" degrees="23" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55555" value="-23.0">23°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |