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<mods:title id="7BD18A92AFF3CE7E0D9E78C570BF44AA">Notes on some Tanzanian butterfly specimens in the Suffert Collection: a case of patria falsa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6C64AD4D243743541CA1A46B7DDC89EA">László, Gyula M.</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0D23B7AC6621576EEB938947B62D4B1" bold="true" box="[151,627,1231,1258]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EEB938947B62D4B1" authority="Le Cerf, 1924" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,627,1231,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pelodurus" subSpecies="vesper">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EEB938947B62D4B1" bold="true" box="[151,627,1231,1258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EEB9389478D3D4B1" bold="true" box="[151,450,1231,1258]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Papilio pelodurus vesper</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4F1E7C6621576EFE738947B62D4B1" author="Le Cerf, F. D." box="[457,627,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" pagination="369 - 399" refId="ref8549" refString="Le Cerf, F. D. (1924) Catalogue anote des &quot; types &quot; et formes nouvelles des Papilios d'Afrique contenus dans la collection du &quot; Hill Museum. &quot;. Bulletin of the Hill Museum, 1 (3), 369 - 399." type="journal article" year="1924">Le Cerf, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B9A8C16C6621576EEB939437C8CD6C1" blockId="4.[151,1443,1303,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
Two female specimens from Lindi were included as
<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6621576ECD439437A74D56A" box="[762,869,1304,1330]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
by Le Cerf in the description of the taxon
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EB6239437C84D569" box="[1356,1429,1304,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">vesper</emphasis>
.
<subSubSection id="C33FDF9DC6621576EEB939607C8CD6C1" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="description">
<materialsCitation id="3B4D864BC6621576EEB939607C8CD50D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3107829304" box="[151,1437,1338,1366]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" specimenCount="1">
One of these is deposited in the
<collectionCode id="ED3414D3C6621576EFD839677B71D50E" box="[502,608,1340,1366]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
with the following labels: // Para- /
<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6621576EDDA39677D35D50E" box="[1012,1060,1340,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">type</typeStatus>
[white disc with yellow border] //
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4D864BC6621576EEB939047C88D521" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3107829310" box="[151,1433,1374,1402]" location="Brit" municipality="Joicey" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lindi">
pel.
<specimenCount id="9D23479FC6621576EEE9393B79CDD522" box="[199,220,1376,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="female"></specimenCount>
/
<collectingRegion id="49E142F4C6621576EEDE3904783CD521" box="[240,301,1375,1401]" country="Tanzania" name="Lindi" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Lindi</collectingRegion>
[handwritten in Sufferts hand; label with black border and trimmed at base] //
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFE166CC6621576EAB739047DF0D521" box="[1177,1249,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Joicey</collectingMunicipality>
/ Bequest. /
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. Mus. / 1934120. //. This specimen is clearly from Sufferts collection but lacking the ex coll. label. The
<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6621576EB1439D87C8DD5C5" box="[1338,1436,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is also a specimen from Sufferts collection purportedly from German East Africa as stated in the original descrip- tion with the following labels: //
<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6621576EC2739977B50D5BE" box="[521,577,1484,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Type</typeStatus>
/ H.T [white disc with red border] // pel. [handwritten in Sufferts hand; label with black border and trimmed at base] // 21 [handwritten] // Ex. Coll. / Suffert. / 1912. //
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EA5039AB7C14D651" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1896" box="[1150,1285,1519,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelodurus">P. pelodurus</taxonomicName>
/ s.sp. vesper /
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<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6621576EE913A4F79E6D676" box="[191,247,1556,1582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Type</typeStatus>
(H.T.) Le Cerf [handwritten in Le Cerfs hand] // Joicey / Bequest. / Brit.Mus. / 1934120. //. Furthermore,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4F1E7C6621576EEB93A637851D609" author="Le Cerf, F. D." box="[151,320,1591,1618]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" pagination="369 - 399" refId="ref8549" refString="Le Cerf, F. D. (1924) Catalogue anote des &quot; types &quot; et formes nouvelles des Papilios d'Afrique contenus dans la collection du &quot; Hill Museum. &quot;. Bulletin of the Hill Museum, 1 (3), 369 - 399." type="journal article" year="1924">Le Cerf (1924)</bibRefCitation>
described a form of subspecies
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EC873A637BE3D609" box="[681,754,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">vesper</emphasis>
named
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576ED653A6C7AA1D609" box="[843,944,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">excedens</emphasis>
based on a unique male also from German
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<location id="8EFADACDC6621576EEB93A077831D62D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C3D00C6621577EEB938947B8DD189:8EFADACDC6621576EEB93A077831D62D" box="[151,288,1627,1654]" name="East Africa'" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">East Africa</location>
, the
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in
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labelled thus: // Type / H.T [white disc with red border] // 930 1 ˵ Pelodurus
</materialsCitation>
- ˵ - 350 [handwritten; possibly cut out from a dealers list with prices?] //
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EDE83ADB7D5CD6C1" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1896" box="[966,1101,1663,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelodurus">P. pelodurus</taxonomicName>
vesper / f. excedens / Le Cerf.
</subSubSection>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A8C16C6621576EEB93AEB7A33D77C" blockId="4.[151,1443,1303,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
18 Contrary to
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4F1E7C6621576EF6C3AEB7B60D690" author="Liseki, S. D. &amp; Vane-Wright, R. I." box="[322,625,1712,1736]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" refId="ref8597" refString="Liseki, S. D. &amp; Vane-Wright, R. I. (2016) Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfami-" type="book" year="2016">Liseki &amp; Vane-Wright (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, the name
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576ECF13AEB7A35D690" box="[735,804,1712,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aubyni">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576ECF13AEB7A35D690" box="[735,804,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">aubyni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be attributed to Poulton, 1926. The taxon was originally described as
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EF603A947B6DD6BF" box="[334,636,1743,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="etheocles" subSpecies="etheolces">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EF603A947B6DD6BF" box="[334,636,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Charaxes etheocles etheolces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D23479FC6621576ECAA3A947B83D6BF" box="[644,658,1743,1767]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="female"></specimenCount>
f.
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EC953A947A11D6BF" box="[699,768,1743,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aubyni">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EC953A947A11D6BF" box="[699,768,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">aubyni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
before being raised to specific rank by van Someren &amp; Jackson (1952) thus making the name available from its original description in accordance with Article 45.6.4.1 of the ICZN (with thanks to Gerardo Lamas for bringing this to our attention).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A8C16C6621576EEB93B707D90D7C7" blockId="4.[151,1443,1303,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
19 The two other localities not traced by Vane-Wright &amp; Liseki (2008) were Kamfontein, which is most likely the Afrikaner settlement of Kampfontein (
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,
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) in the north-western foothills of Mount
<collectingRegion id="49E142F4C6621576EA613B117D97D739" box="[1103,1158,1866,1889]" country="Kenya" name="Meru" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Meru</collectingRegion>
(see map in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4F1E7C6621576EB213B117C86D73A" author="Crowe, J. H. V." box="[1295,1431,1866,1890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" refId="ref7920" refString="Crowe, J. H. V. (1918) General Smuts' Campaign in East Africa. John Murray, London, 280 pp." type="book" year="1918">Crowe 1918</bibRefCitation>
). The other, Nguelo or Ngwelo (
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,
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) was a 130 ha coffee plantation founded in 1892 by the Deutsch-Ostafrikanischen Gesellschaft in the East Usambara Mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4F1E7C6621576ED203BDC7A85D7C7" author="Fitzner, R." box="[782,916,1927,1951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" refId="ref8118" refString="Fitzner, R. (1901) Deutsch Kolonial-handbuch. Band I. Hermann Paetal, Berlin, 412 pp." type="book" year="1901">Fitzner 1901</bibRefCitation>
; see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4F1E7C6621576EDDA3BDC7D64D7C7" author="Bohler, H." box="[1012,1141,1927,1951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" refId="ref7807" refString="Bohler, H. (1901) Deutsch Ost-Afrika. Karte I. Ost-Usambara. 1897 - 1899. Trigonometrisch und topographisch aufgenommen, berechnet und gezeichnet durch H. Bohler. Wilhelm Greve, Berlin." type="book" year="1901">Böhler 1901</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A8C16C6621576EEB93BFD7AC2D7A3" blockId="4.[151,1443,1303,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
20 The
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of
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EF413BFD7B9CD7E6" authority="Suffert, 1904" authorityName="Suffert" authorityYear="1904" box="[367,653,1958,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rohlfsi">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EF413BFD78EED7E6" box="[367,511,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Acraea rohlfsi</emphasis>
Suffert, 1904
</taxonomicName>
, was described from a specimen purporting to have originated from Ukerewe in Johann Ertls collection. This species is in fact endemic to the Usambara Mountains and it is possible that Sufferts specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6621576EF3B3BBF7886D7A3" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1879" box="[277,407,2019,2043]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornimani">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6621576EF3B3BBF7886D7A3" box="[277,407,2019,2043]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">P. hornimani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
labelled as being from Ukewere is also from Usambara.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A8C16C6631577EEB93CCC7B8DD189" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">
/ 1924. / Taken as Type by / G.T. Not labelled / by author. [handwritten in Talbots hand] // Joicey / Bequest. / Brit. Mus. / 1934120. //. There is no indication on either of these
<specimenCount id="9D23479FC6631577ED6B3CE07D43D08D" box="[837,1106,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" type="generic" typeStatus="holotype">two holotype specimens</specimenCount>
to suggest a Tanzanian origin with the possible exception of the handwritten 21 on the
<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6631577ED053C847A9CD0A1" box="[811,909,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="B9515004C6631577ED9A3C847AECD0A0" box="[948,1021,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">vesper</emphasis>
(this type of handwritten number on Suffert specimens is re-visited later on in this paper). Suffert owned
<specimenCount id="9D23479FC6631577EDBE3D587D17D145" box="[912,1030,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" type="male">four males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D23479FC6631577EA123D587DD5D145" box="[1084,1220,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6631577EAC63D587C62D145" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1896" box="[1256,1395,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelodurus">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6631577EAC63D587C62D145" box="[1256,1395,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">P. pelodurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to the catalogue of which only the three aforementioned specimens could be traced.
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6631577EAB43D7C7C73D119" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1896" box="[1178,1378,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelodurus">
<emphasis id="B9515004C6631577EAB43D7C7C73D119" box="[1178,1378,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Papilio pelodurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an Eastern Afromontane species with the nominotypical taxon found in southern
<collectingCountry id="F332CC86C6631577EA2C3D107D4BD13D" box="[1026,1114,331,357]" name="Malawi" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Malawi</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6631577EA4B3D107DF1D13C" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1924" box="[1125,1248,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pelodurus" subSpecies="vesper">
ssp.
<emphasis id="B9515004C6631577EAB93D107DF1D13C" box="[1175,1248,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">vesper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distributed from northern
<collectingCountry id="F332CC86C6631577EED03D347845D1D1" box="[254,340,367,393]" name="Malawi" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Malawi</collectingCountry>
to the Usambara Mountains in
<collectingCountry id="F332CC86C6631577EC953D347A31D1D1" box="[699,800,367,393]" name="Tanzania" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and the recently described
<taxonomicName id="4C25F795C6631577EA763D34785CD1F5" authority="Bayliss, Congdon &amp; Collins, 2018" authorityName="Bayliss, Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="2018" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="allani">
ssp.
<emphasis id="B9515004C6631577EAA53D347DDDD1D1" box="[1163,1228,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">allani</emphasis>
Bayliss, Congdon &amp; Collins, 2018
</taxonomicName>
restricted to the mountains of northern
<collectingCountry id="F332CC86C6631577ED203DC87AB7D1F5" box="[782,934,403,429]" name="Mozambique" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
. The female
<typeStatus id="549E32B4C6631577EA163DC87D89D1F5" box="[1080,1176,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
labelled as being from Lindi most likely originates from Usambara.
</paragraph>
</treatment>
</document>