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<mods:title id="05B1B046E9DD4AB5BD8C7995915A3A2D">Guide To The Aquatic Heteroptera Of Singapore And Peninsular Malaysia. Xi. Infraorder Nepomorpha- Families Naucoridae And Aphelocheiridae</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FE7253F510FFECFF08FF19FB00FE72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5449987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5449987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE7253F510FFECFF08FF19FB00FE72" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE7253F510FFECFF08FF19FB00FE72" lastPageNumber="674" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">
<subSubSection id="C34D90CEF510FFECFF08FF19FD97FF32" box="[246,618,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE8C345F510FFECFF08FF19FD97FF32" blockId="9.[246,618,188,213]" box="[246,618,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">
<heading id="D0A07429F510FFECFF08FF19FD97FF32" bold="true" box="[246,618,188,213]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFF08FF19FD97FF32" bold="true" box="[246,618,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFEB8FF19FD97FF32" ID-CoL="62TJL" authority="Stal, 1876" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1876" box="[326,618,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFEB8FF19FE0FFF32" bold="true" box="[326,498,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">HELEOCORIS</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6BEB4F510FFECFE04FF18FD97FF32" author="Stal, C" box="[506,618,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref19679" refString="Stal, C., 1876. Enumeratio Hemipterorum, Bidrag till en forteckning ofver alla hitills kanda Hemiptera, jemtes systematica meddelanden. 5. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 14 (4): 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1876">Stål, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D90CEF510FFECFF8FFF59FB00FE72" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE8C345F510FFECFF8FFF59FE2DFCF2" blockId="9.[113,752,253,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFF8FFF59FF01FEF2" bold="true" box="[113,252,253,277]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFF8FFF59FF09FEF2" bold="true" box="[113,244,253,277]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
— The type-species of
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFDD7FF5AFD54FEF2" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1876" box="[553,681,254,277]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFDD7FF5AFD54FEF2" box="[553,681,254,277]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Heleocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFD2AFF5AFEC1FED2" authority="Spinola" authorityName="Spinola" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquatus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFD2AFF5AFF1FFED2" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">H. obliquatus</emphasis>
Spinola
</taxonomicName>
, described from
<collectingCountry id="F34083D5F510FFECFE12FEB9FDBAFED2" box="[492,583,285,309]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Bombay</collectingCountry>
, and designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6BEB4F510FFECFF6FFE98FEF9FEB2" author="Stal, C" box="[145,260,316,341]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref19679" refString="Stal, C., 1876. Enumeratio Hemipterorum, Bidrag till en forteckning ofver alla hitills kanda Hemiptera, jemtes systematica meddelanden. 5. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 14 (4): 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1876">Stål (1876)</bibRefCitation>
as the genotype. The genus contains 29 species, of which 14 occur in southern and southeastern Asia,
<quantity id="4CAF6EA0F510FFECFD47FEF9FD0DFE92" box="[697,752,349,373]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
<collectingCountry id="F34083D5F510FFECFF8FFED9FF57FE72" box="[113,170,381,405]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">India</collectingCountry>
, and
<quantity id="4CAF6EA0F510FFECFF16FED9FEE9FE72" box="[232,276,381,405]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<collectingCountry id="F34083D5F510FFECFEE3FED9FE63FE72" box="[285,414,381,405]" name="Madagascar" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(J. Polhemus &amp; D.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6BEB4F510FFECFD81FED9FF4AFE52" author="Polhemus, J" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" pagination="379 - 391" refId="ref19206" refString="Polhemus, J. T. &amp; D. A. Polhemus, 2008 a. Global diversity of true bugs (Heteroptera: Insecta) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia, 595: 379 - 391." type="journal article" year="2008">Polhemus, 2008a</bibRefCitation>
). The one Neotropical species still held in this genus,
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFF8FFE1AFE1AFE32" authority="De Carlo" authorityName="De Carlo" authorityYear="1968" box="[113,487,445,469]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plaumanni">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFF8FFE1AFE8DFE32" box="[113,368,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Heleocoris plaumanni</emphasis>
De Carlo
</taxonomicName>
, is assigned here on a provisional basis pending examination of further material, with all other Neotropical taxa formerly placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFD85FE5AFD12FDF2" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1876" box="[635,751,510,533]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFD85FE5AFD12FDF2" box="[635,751,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Heleocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having been transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFE6AFDBAFEC5FDB2" authority="(J. Polhemus &amp; D. Polhemus, 2008 b)" baseAuthorityName="J. Polhemus &amp; D. Polhemus" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Ctenipocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFE6AFDBAFDE3FDD2" box="[404,542,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Ctenipocoris</emphasis>
(J. Polhemus &amp; D.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6BEB4F510FFECFF8FFD99FECDFDB2" author="Polhemus, J" box="[113,304,573,597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" pagination="289 - 298" refId="ref19243" refString="Polhemus, J. T. &amp; D. A. Polhemus, 2008 b. Intraspecific morphological polymorphism in Naucoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) with notes on nomenclature and synonymy. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 48: 289 - 298." type="journal article" year="2008">Polhemus, 2008b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Of the 14 Southeast Asian taxa, four are known from continental Southeast Asia, nine from the Sunda Islands, and one from the
<collectingCountry id="F34083D5F510FFECFE77FDD9FDF8FD72" box="[393,517,637,661]" name="Philippines" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. The generic limits of
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFF8FFD3AFF18FD52" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1876" box="[113,229,670,693]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFF8FFD3AFF18FD52" box="[113,229,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Heleocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in relation to the closely related genus
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFD84FD3AFD0DFD52" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1856" box="[634,752,670,693]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Laccocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFD84FD3AFD0DFD52" box="[634,752,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Laccocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are poorly constrained, and certain Asian species currently held in the latter genus may eventually prove to be more properly assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFEAAFD5AFE34FCF2" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1876" box="[340,457,766,789]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFEAAFD5AFE34FCF2" box="[340,457,766,789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Heleocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8C345F510FFECFF8FFC99FB00FE72" blockId="9.[113,752,829,1141]" lastBlockId="9.[812,1454,189,405]" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">
The apex of the foreleg in
<taxonomicName id="4C57B8C6F510FFECFE4CFC9AFDD0FCB2" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1876" box="[434,557,830,853]" class="Insecta" family="Naucoridae" genus="Heleocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9231F57F510FFECFE4CFC9AFDD0FCB2" box="[434,557,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Heleocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears two tarsal segments in males and only a single segment in females, with two small apical claws present in both sexes. The male phallotheca is asymmetrical, and its shape is useful for species separation (
<figureCitation id="136CDFC0F510FFECFE93FC19FE0EFC32" box="[365,499,957,981]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[136,180,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[139,775,714,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[117,790,706,1848]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 24–28. Heleocoris species, male phallotheca. 24. Heleocoris malayensis, new species, specimen from Malaysia, Terengganu, Sungai Brang. 25. Heleocoris montandoni Lundblad, specimen from Singapore, Nee Soon swamp forest. 26. Heleocoris nebulosus Montandon, specimen from Indonesia, Bali, Melangit River. 27. Heleocoris ovatus Montandon, specimen from Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., Pongour Falls, CL 3091. 28. Heleocoris strabus Montandon, specimen from Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov., Huay Hia Creek, CL 2198." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352718" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352718/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Figs. 24–28</figureCitation>
). The male proctiger is relatively large, roughly triangular, and lies over the top of the phallotheca in the intact genital capsule; its shape may also be useful for species discrimination (
<figureCitation id="136CDFC0F510FFECFE00FBB9FD7FFBD2" box="[510,642,1053,1077]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[812,856,2004,2026]" captionTargetBox="[893,1369,1020,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[880,1386,1000,1976]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 29, 30. Heleocoris species, male proctigers. 29. Heleocoris montandoni Lundblad, specimen from Singapore, Nee Soon swamp forest. 30. Heleocoris malayensis new species, specimen from Malaysia, Terengganu, Sungai Brang." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352720/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Figs. 29, 30</figureCitation>
), and care should be taken not to damage it during dissection. The male parameres are highly reduced and often inconspicuous (
<figureCitation id="136CDFC0F510FFECFD44FBF9FC8FFF31" box="[698,882,190,1141]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[136,180,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[139,775,714,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[117,790,706,1848]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 24–28. Heleocoris species, male phallotheca. 24. Heleocoris malayensis, new species, specimen from Malaysia, Terengganu, Sungai Brang. 25. Heleocoris montandoni Lundblad, specimen from Singapore, Nee Soon swamp forest. 26. Heleocoris nebulosus Montandon, specimen from Indonesia, Bali, Melangit River. 27. Heleocoris ovatus Montandon, specimen from Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., Pongour Falls, CL 3091. 28. Heleocoris strabus Montandon, specimen from Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov., Huay Hia Creek, CL 2198." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352718" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352718/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Figs. 24–28</figureCitation>
), but their shapes are also interspecifically distinctive. In certain species, male left paratergite VI may also bear a distinctive lateral process (
<figureCitation id="136CDFC0F510FFECFBC3FF59FB45FEF2" box="[1085,1208,253,278]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="13.[812,856,2002,2024]" captionTargetBox="[892,1329,785,1964]" captionTargetId="figure-226@13.[872,1393,776,1974]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs. 34, 35. Heleocoris species, male left abdominal paratergites. 34. Heleocoris malayensis, new species, specimen from Malaysia, Terengganu, Sungai Brang. 35. Heleocoris ovatus Montandon, specimen from Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., Pongour Falls." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352726/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Figs. 34, 35</figureCitation>
). The female subgenital plate is roughly trapezoidal, and its shape is once again useful for species separation (
<figureCitation id="136CDFC0F510FFECFBE2FE99FB67FEB1" box="[1052,1178,317,342]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="12.[835,879,1091,1113]" captionTargetBox="[834,1469,233,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[819,1486,216,1072]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs. 31, 32. Heleocoris species, female terminal abdomen, ventral view, showing shape of subgenital plate. 31. Heleocoris montandoni Lundblad, specimen from Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., CL 3094. 32. Heleocoris malayensis, new species, specimen from Malaysia, Perak, Kerunai River, CL 2078." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352722/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="674">Figs. 31, 32</figureCitation>
), although this structure is often thickly covered with long gold hairs which may create difficulty in ascertaining its precise details.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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