365 lines
59 KiB
XML
365 lines
59 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EAF6A4E1BC7D05F2F1E5C4DAD38FC86A">Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with the description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D86E4CD97ADBD9F6861A1A9C2B14642F">Willems, Wim R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B0D42EC2F3CD1D8160604B3CD165F630">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C8CF47EADFD9054641B56DE06371B71F">Reygel, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FB3AE90169AEF7962607493B20C9701D">Steenkiste, Niels Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5AAED1B629578D0BDBB6A19E70DB0784">Tessens, Bart</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="0B39FC98A0232A96A10EFB43BEA8071E">Artois, Tom J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8B37F468A81A575348FE67A7D4214D26">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7825B470862D0F4CC9514B953F10D722">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5DABB66C8BA95AFFBB67582F4550C4F0">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="712A6F557192230036466930C397FC26" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6332F894F9E45AC44D0E181B5678902B">4242</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FB87EB5227E34C57BEAEB1FC2ADB94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689660" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127843778" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5689660" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB87EB5227E34C57BEAEB1FC2ADB94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB87EB5227E34C57BEAEB1FC2ADB94" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<subSubSection id="C34865765227E34157BEAEB1FF4BDA9D" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157BEAEB1FC32DAFA" blockId="5.[151,914,905,965]" box="[151,914,905,931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<heading id="D0A581915227E34157BEAEB1FC32DAFA" bold="true" box="[151,914,905,931]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157BEAEB1FC32DAFA" bold="true" box="[151,914,905,931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5227E34157BEAEB1FD4FDAFA" authority="Willems & Artois" authorityName="Willems & Artois" box="[151,751,905,931]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157BEAEB1FDADDAFA" bold="true" box="[151,525,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Bhambathorhynchus abursalis</emphasis>
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Willems & Artois
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21557945227E34155DFAEB1FCE8DAFA" box="[758,840,905,931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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n. sp.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157BEAE94FF4BDA9D" blockId="5.[151,914,905,965]" box="[151,235,940,965]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13692A785227E34157B6AE94FF42DA9D" box="[159,226,940,965]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34865765227E34157BEAECCFAAEDD69" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157BEAECCFAAEDD69" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3A3CA05227E34157BEAECCFAAEDD69" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511182" collectingDate="2009-12-16" country="Saint Lucia" location="Wetland Park" municipality="Indian Ocean" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157BEAECCFF5FDD54" bold="true" box="[151,255,1012,1037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Locality.</emphasis>
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iSimangaliso
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<location id="8E8D60265227E341568BAECCFD9DDD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB87EB5227E34C57BEAEB1FC2ADB94:8E8D60265227E341568BAECCFD9DDD54" box="[418,573,1012,1037]" country="Saint Lucia" municipality="Indian Ocean" name="Wetland Park" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Wetland Park</location>
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, Lake
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<collectingCountry id="F345766D5227E34155A3AECCFD50DD54" box="[650,752,1012,1037]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
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estuary, detritus-rich, fine-grained sand taken from the land side of a sandbank that cuts off the estuary from the
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B89AC875227E34155C8A92FFCDBDD69" box="[737,891,1047,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Indian Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<date id="FFEC103D5227E34154AFA92FFBC1DD69" box="[902,1121,1047,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" value="2009-12-16">
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<collectingDate id="EFA8E9D55227E34154AFA92FFBC1DD69" box="[902,1121,1047,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" value="2009-12-16">December 16, 2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54E9885F5227E3415359A920FB02DD69" box="[1136,1186,1048,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">type</typeStatus>
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locality).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34865765227E34157EEA904FC60DD21" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157EEA904FC60DD21" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157EEA904FE96DD0C" bold="true" box="[199,310,1084,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Material.</emphasis>
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Several animals studied alive. One whole mount, designated
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<typeStatus id="54E9885F5227E34154C1A904FBEADD0C" box="[1000,1098,1084,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED43AE385227E3415370A904FB0EDD0D" box="[1113,1198,1084,1108]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">SMNH</collectionCode>
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, Type-8854) and two serially-sectioned individuals, designated
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<typeStatus id="54E9885F5227E3415544A958FD78DD21" box="[621,728,1120,1144]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(HU, nos 575–576).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34865765227E34157EEA9BCFAB0DDBC" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157EEA9BCFAB0DDBC" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157EEA9BCFEEEDDC4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1156,1181]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus name is dedicated to Bhambatha kaMancinza (ca.
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<date id="FFEC103D5227E3415337A9BCFB01DDC4" box="[1054,1185,1156,1181]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" value="1860" valueMax="1906">1860–1906</date>
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?), a Zulu chief of the amaZondi clan in present-day
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<collectingRegion id="4996F81F5227E34156DAA99FFD06DD99" box="[499,678,1191,1216]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
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, famous for his role in an armed rebellion against the British. The species name refers to the absence of a (primary) bursa, which is present in most other koinocystidids.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34865765227E34157EEA9D7FCF2DF5C" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157EEA9D7FD8EDCE4" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157EEA9D7FEE1DC51" bold="true" box="[199,321,1263,1288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5227E3415661A9D7FD8FDC51" box="[328,559,1263,1288]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E3415661A9D7FD8FDC51" box="[328,559,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Bhambathorhynchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E341551EA9D7FD26DC51" bold="true" box="[567,646,1263,1288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21557945227E341551EA9D7FD26DC51" box="[567,646,1263,1288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Genus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5227E34155D5A9D7FC13DC51" box="[764,947,1263,1288]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Koinocystididae</taxonomicName>
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with proboscis of the typical koinocystidid construction with a proboscis juncture sphincter; pharynx without a mouth sphincter; prepharyngeal cavity with rostrodorsal bulge. Two seminal vesicles. Ovoid copulatory organ with filiform prostatic gland ducts; wall of male atrium with two large, bent hooks, each one connected to a muscular bulb. Female duct consisting of a proximal seminal receptacle and a distal ‘receptacle bursa’, the latter divided into two sections; female system without sphincters. Copulatory bursa absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157EEA8F0FCF2DF5C" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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Type species (by original monotypy):
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5227E34155B9A8FFFC4DDCB9" box="[656,1005,1479,1504]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34155B9A8FFFC4DDCB9" box="[656,1005,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Bhambathorhynchus abursalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34154D3A8FFFB9EDCB9" bold="true" box="[1018,1086,1479,1504]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21557945227E34154D3A8FFFB9EDCB9" box="[1018,1086,1479,1504]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, provisionally with the same diagnosis as the genus. Hooks of male system 29–35 µm long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34865765227E34357EEAB37FEA4DE2A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157EEAB37FECBDF29" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E34157EEAB37FEF9DF71" bold="true" box="[199,345,1551,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Description.</emphasis>
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Unpigmented animals, ±
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||
<quantity id="4CAA9B185227E34155A7AB28FD4ADF7E" box="[654,746,1552,1576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
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long (measured on the whole mount) with two eyes. The epidermis is cellular, 2–3 µm thick with 2–3-µm-long cilia. Rhabdites are very small and hard to discern on sectioned material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34157EEAB44FAEBDE34" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
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The proboscis is approximately 1/6 of the body length long and of a typical koinocystidid construction (see
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5227E34157BEAB99FE86DFE1" author="Brunet" box="[151,294,1696,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" refString="Brunet, M. (1972) Koinocystididae de la region de Marseille (Turbellaria, Kalyptorhynchia). Zoologica Scripta, 1, 157 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1972. tb 00673. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Brunet 1972</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5227E341561AABA7FE6DDFE1" author="Karling" box="[307,461,1695,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
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||
), with a very strong
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5227E341559EAB99FCB3DFE1" box="[695,787,1697,1720]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Itaipusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="446" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B926EAEF5227E341559EAB99FCB3DFE1" box="[695,787,1697,1720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Itaipusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
-
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||
<typeStatus id="54E9885F5227E3415433AB99FCECDFE0" box="[794,844,1697,1721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">type</typeStatus>
|
||
proboscis juncture sphincter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785227E341538AABA7FB45DFE1" box="[1187,1253,1695,1720]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B: sph). This sphincter is part of a layer of strong circular muscles, which are present over most of the organ’s length. The proboscis sheath (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785227E3415649ABDFFE04DE59" box="[352,420,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B: ps) is surrounded by an inner circular and an outer longitudinal muscle layer. Nuclei are present in the sheath epithelium in its distal part and in the contact zone with the cone epithelium. The retractor system consists of three pairs of integument (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785227E3415589AA17FD45DE11" box="[672,741,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B: iret) and four pairs of proboscis retractors (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785227E34153D1AA17FA9DDE11" box="[1272,1341,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B: pret). The exact number of dilatator (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785227E34156DAAA6CFD96DE35" box="[499,566,1876,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B: dil) and protractor (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785227E341541BAA6CFCD5DE35" box="[818,885,1876,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B: prot) muscles could not be determined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5227E34357EEAA4FFCAADB41" blockId="5.[151,1437,1012,2009]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="5" pageNumber="446">
|
||
The pharynx appears globular on live animals, but is pear-shaped in sections. It is inclined forwards, has a diameter of ± 1/7 of the body length and is situated in the first third of the body, closely behind the proboscis. The narrow prepharyngeal cavity is lined with a low, nucleated epithelium and surrounded by an inner circular and an outer longitudinal muscle layer. On the dorsal side, the cavity shows a small bulge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E3435353ADAFFB61D9E9" box="[1146,1217,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C: y) in which the epithelium is more densely stained (glandular?) and nuclei are concentrated. The pharynx lumen and the distal rim of the pharynx bulb are lined with a membranous, anucleated epithelium. Internal and external circular muscles are very strong. Radial muscles are distributed evenly (on sagittal sections) and number 48 (on horizontal sections). The same number of internal longitudinal muscles is present. A pharynx mouth sphincter is absent. Three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E9885F5225E343526BAC10FADDD819" box="[1346,1405,296,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of pharynx glands are present. Coarse-grained, eosinophilic glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E34354B9AC74FC77D83D" box="[912,983,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C: phg1) open into the pharynx lumen proximally from the distal rim. Fine-grained, eosinophilic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E3435414AC57FC22D8D1" box="[829,898,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C: phg2) and coarse-grained, basophilic glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E34357B6ACACFF45D8F5" box="[159,229,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C: phg3) open into the prepharyngeal cavity near the distal pharynx opening. The latter
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E9885F5225E34353DCACADFA85D8F4" box="[1269,1317,405,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of glands (phg3) also has very few, slender gland necks opening into the pharynx lumen (not shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E343538DAC8FFB44D889" box="[1188,1252,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C) together with the coarse-grained, eosinophilic glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E3435559ACE4FD18D8AD" box="[624,696,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C: phg1). A large bundle of eosinophilic glands surrounds the proximal pharynx opening (Minot glands,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E343555AACC7FD14DB41" box="[627,692,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C: gm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2D66755224E34257BEAA60FED9DEB0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" targetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5224E34257BEAA60FED9DEB0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1880,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5224E34257BEAA60FD5FDE37" bold="true" box="[151,767,1880,1902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">
|
||
FIGURE 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5224E3425636AA60FDC6DE37" box="[287,614,1880,1902]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5224E3425636AA60FDC6DE37" bold="true" box="[287,614,1880,1902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="447">Bhambathorhynchus abursalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21557945224E3425546AA61FD1ADE37" box="[623,698,1881,1902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="447" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
n. sp.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B–C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5225E34357EEAF1CFCF3DB94" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Male and female gonads are paired. The elongated testes lie ventro-laterally, and extend from the level of the pharynx to the ovaries. The elongated, ovoid ovaries are situated at approximately 60% and are directed ventrocaudally. The short and narrow vitellaria are situated medio-dorsally from the testes, with a large distal bulge running ventrally towards the ovaries. The vitelloducts proper bend towards the dorsal side, but the exact location of their opening into the female system could not be observed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5225E34357EEAFEFFC3BDA91" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
The common genital pore is situated subterminally at approximately 95% and can be closed by a strong sphincter. It opens into the common genital atrium, which is lined with a high, nucleated epithelium and surrounded by an inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layer. The tubular atrium receives the ventrallysituated uterus anteriorly. The male and female genital systems open into the atrium from the dorsal side, the former ventrally from the latter. The proximal part of the female system lies ventrally from the male system, whereas the most distal part lies dorsally from it. For reasons of clarity, the position of the proximal part of the female system is altered to a slightly more dorsal position in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E3435468AE97FC22DA91" box="[833,898,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5225E34357EEAEECFBC0DC0C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
The paired seminal vesicles are lined with a high, nucleated epithelium and are surrounded by a circular muscle layer. They fuse just before entering the ovoid copulatory organ, forming the ejaculatory duct, which is lined with a nucleated epithelium. Its exact course through the copulatory organ is hard to discern, but more-or-less marked by the filiform gland necks of the coarse-grained, basophilic prostate glands, of which the glandular bodies with nuclei are situated extracapsularly. The copulatory organ proper is surrounded by a strong, inner circular and a weak, outer longitudinal muscle layer. Ventro-distally to the opening of the ejaculatory duct, two prominent muscle bulbs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E34357CDA994FE87DD9D" box="[228,295,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E: mb) are present, each of them attached to a slightly-bent hook (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E343533DA994FBF6DD9D" box="[1044,1110,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 3E: mh). These hooks are probably outgrowths of the basement membrane of the male atrium, as indicated by the presence of a pseudocuticularised network connecting their bases (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E3435408A9CCFCC5DC55" box="[801,869,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). The hooks are 29 and 35 µm long, with their distal tips pointing away from each other. The tubular male atrium is lined with a membranous, anucleated epithelium and surrounded by an inner circular and an outer longitudinal muscle layer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5225E34357EEA867FB2FDFB9" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
The oviducts are very long and thin, and not surrounded by any muscles. They are lined with a rather high, nucleated epithelium, making the lumen invisible on sectioned material. Slightly distally from the junction of the oviducts, the female duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E34356EBA89FFDA5DC99" box="[450,517,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E: fd = sr + rbu1 + rbu2) widens and is surrounded by a prominent, inner circular and an outer longitudinal muscle layer. Its most proximal part is lined with a high, nucleated epithelium and shows a narrow, sperm-filled lumen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E34356DEA8D7FD9DDF51" box="[503,573,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E: sr; seminal receptacle of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5225E34354ADA8D7FB80DF51" author="Karling" box="[900,1056,1519,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The remainder of the muscular female duct (i.e. the ‘receptacle bursa’ of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5225E343554EAB2CFD5DDF75" author="Karling" box="[615,765,1556,1581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) consists of two parts: a sperm-filled proximal globular part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E34357B6AB0FFF42DF09" box="[159,226,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E: rbu1) and a distal tubular part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13692A785225E3435576AB0FFD02DF09" box="[607,674,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[232,1344,197,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1346,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bhambathorhynchus abursalis n. gen. n. sp. A. General organisation (from a live specimen completed with observations on sectioned material). B. Reconstruction of the proboscis from the left-hand side. C. Reconstruction of the pharynx from the left-hand side (B – C from a paratype). D. Hooks in male genital system (from the holotype). E. Reconstruction of the atrial organs from the left-hand side (from a paratype; proximal part of female system is moved dorsally for reasons of clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E: rbu2). Both parts are lined with a low, anucleated epithelium and surrounded by the above-mentioned muscle layers, although the inner circular one appears to be considerably weaker around the globular part. Only the distal tubular part is surrounded by a syncytial tissue. Typical koinocystidid sphincters are lacking over the entire course of the female duct, as is a typical bursa with distinct resorptive vesicle and bursal stalk (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5225E3435567ABFFFCBDDFB9" author="Reygel" box="[590,797,1735,1760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" refString="Reygel, P. C., Willems, W. R. & Artois, T. J. (2011) Koinocystididae and Gnathorhynchidae (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia) from the Galapagos, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 3096, 27 - 40. Erratum. Zootaxa, 3132, 68." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Reygel
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5225E343558DABF1FD7CDFB9" box="[676,732,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; primary bursa of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5225E34354C3ABFFFB22DFB9" author="Karling" box="[1002,1154,1735,1760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5225E34357EEABD4FEA4DE2A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">The uterus is rather atypical, lacking the large mass of glands present in other koinocystidids. It is lined with a high, frayed and nucleated epithelium, and distally surrounded by inner circular and outer longitudinal muscles. About halfway along its length, the uterus receives some small, diffuse glands, producing a fine-grained, basophilic secretion.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34865765225E34C57EEAA46FC2ADB94" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD5225E34C57EEAA46FB5FD845" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2015]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF5225E34357EEAA46FEECDECE" bold="true" box="[199,332,1918,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species shows all features of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E5225E34354B8AA46FBEBDECE" box="[913,1099,1918,1943]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Koinocystididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C5225E34353C3AA46FA37DECE" author="Karling" box="[1258,1431,1918,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="448" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, except for the presence of a strong sphincter around the female duct, distally from the seminal receptacle. However, the female duct does show a clear constriction at this location. Furthermore, a (copulatory) bursa consisting of a muscular bursal stalk with or without a resorptive vesicle (terminology of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C54E6ADAFFB3CD9E9" author="Reygel" box="[975,1180,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Reygel, P. C., Willems, W. R. & Artois, T. J. (2011) Koinocystididae and Gnathorhynchidae (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia) from the Galapagos, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 3096, 27 - 40. Erratum. Zootaxa, 3132, 68." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Reygel
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C530DADA1FBFCD9E9" box="[1060,1116,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; primary or copulatory bursa with or without resorptive vesicle of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C55BCAD84FC8FD98D" author="Karling" box="[661,815,188,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is missing in this species. This condition is already mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C5611ADE7FE40D9A1" author="Karling" box="[312,480,223,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as rather exceptional for koinocystidids, and it appears that the only other species in which this structure is missing, is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C553AAC3CFC0FD845" authority="Brunet, 1972" authorityName="Brunet" authorityYear="1972" box="[531,943,260,285]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Tenerrhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C553AAC3CFCB6D845" box="[531,790,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Tenerrhynchus magnus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C5434AC3DFC0FD845" author="Brunet" box="[797,943,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Brunet, M. (1972) Koinocystididae de la region de Marseille (Turbellaria, Kalyptorhynchia). Zoologica Scripta, 1, 157 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1972. tb 00673. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Brunet, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C5497AC3CFBEED845" author="Brunet" box="[958,1102,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Brunet, M. (1972) Koinocystididae de la region de Marseille (Turbellaria, Kalyptorhynchia). Zoologica Scripta, 1, 157 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1972. tb 00673. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Brunet 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C5373AC3CFB52D845" author="Karling" box="[1114,1266,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD522AE34C57EEAC1FFB97DBDD" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
Furthermore, the presence of large hooks in the absence of an armed cirrus is also uncommon within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C57BEAC74FEEFD83C" box="[151,335,332,357]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Koinocystididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only occurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5517AC75FB04D83D" authority="(Brunet, 1965) Karling, 1980" authorityName="(Brunet, 1965) Karling" authorityYear="1980" box="[574,1188,332,357]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Brunetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="camarguensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5517AC75FCE6D83D" box="[574,838,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Brunetia camarguensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C5470AC74FC51D83C" author="Brunet" box="[857,1009,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Brunet, M. (1965) Turbellaries calyptorhynques de substrats meubles de la region de Marseille. Recueil des travaux de la station marine d'Endoume, 39, 128 - 218." type="journal article" year="1965">Brunet, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C532CAC74FB04D83D" author="Karling" box="[1029,1188,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C53CAAC74FE4FD8D1" authority="(Karling, 1978) Karling, 1980" authorityName="(Karling, 1978) Karling" authorityYear="1980" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Getula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uncinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C53CAAC74FA3CD83D" box="[1251,1436,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">Getula uncinata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C57B6AC57FE9ED8D1" author="Karling" box="[159,318,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1978) Anatomy and systematics of marine Turbellaria from Bermuda. Zoologica Scripta, 7, 225 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1978. tb 00605. x" type="journal article" year="1978">Karling, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C5667AC57FE4FD8D1" author="Karling" box="[334,495,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both taxa clearly differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5461AC49FC70D8D1" box="[840,976,367,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5461AC49FC70D8D1" box="[840,976,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. abursalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C54F1AC57FBD0D8D1" bold="true" box="[984,1136,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2155794522AE34C54F1AC57FB88D8D1" box="[984,1064,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
n. sp.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the shape of the hooks, the detailed organisation of the copulatory bulb and the overall structure of the female system. Indeed, apart from the fact that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C560EAC81FE10D889" box="[295,432,439,464]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C560EAC81FE10D889" box="[295,432,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. abursalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5693AC8FFDF3D889" bold="true" box="[442,595,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2155794522AE34C5693AC8FFDAAD889" box="[442,522,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
n. sp.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the only one of these three taxa that lacks a true copulatory bursa (see above), it is also the only one of the three that lacks a sphincter between the seminal receptacle and the rest of the female duct (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C567FAF38FE44DB41" author="Brunet" box="[342,484,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Brunet, M. (1965) Turbellaries calyptorhynques de substrats meubles de la region de Marseille. Recueil des travaux de la station marine d'Endoume, 39, 128 - 218." type="journal article" year="1965">Brunet 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C56D9ACC7FD28DB41" author="Karling" box="[496,648,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1978) Anatomy and systematics of marine Turbellaria from Bermuda. Zoologica Scripta, 7, 225 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1978. tb 00605. x" type="journal article" year="1978">Karling 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B0C522AE34C55BAAF38FD6BDB41" author="Karling" box="[659,715,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the details on the other two taxa).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5351AF39FB5FDB41" box="[1144,1279,511,536]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5351AF39FB5FDB41" box="[1144,1279,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. abursalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C522EACC7FA3CDB41" bold="true" box="[1287,1436,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2155794522AE34C522EACC7FAF5DB41" box="[1287,1365,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
n. sp.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
also differs in the fact that the ejaculatory duct distally ends dorsally from the two hooks, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5233AF1DFA38DB65" box="[1306,1432,549,572]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Getula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uncinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5233AF1DFA38DB65" box="[1306,1432,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">G. uncinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C57E2AF71FE2ADB39" box="[203,394,585,608]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Brunetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="camarguensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C57E2AF71FE2ADB39" box="[203,394,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. camarguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it ends in between both hooks. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5488AF70FB86DB39" box="[929,1062,584,608]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Getula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uncinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5488AF70FB86DB39" box="[929,1062,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">G. uncinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also lacks a proboscis juncture sphincter, which is present in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5534AF55FD04DBDC" box="[541,676,620,645]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Bhambathorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="abursalis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5534AF55FD04DBDC" box="[541,676,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. abursalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C5582AF54FC9FDBDC" bold="true" box="[683,831,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2155794522AE34C5582AF54FD5ADBDC" box="[683,762,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
n. sp.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C545FAF55FB90DBDD" box="[886,1072,621,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Brunetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="camarguensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926EAEF522AE34C545FAF55FB90DBDD" box="[886,1072,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">B. camarguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED36FD522AE34C57EEAFB7FC2ADB94" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="449">
|
||
The above-mentioned, specific combination of features is clearly unique within the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D7E522AE34C5386AFB7FACADBF1" box="[1199,1386,655,680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="449" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Koinocystididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and does not allow a placement of our specimens in any existing genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |