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<document id="4000AA99CFACBE00CBC680742B1B448B" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.235.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13631327" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725310362704" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix &amp; Kalb, Klaus" docDate="2015" docId="03EF7631FFCA6A54FF5848AEFB71FF79" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.235.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 235 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.235.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Heterodermia podocarpa D. D. Awasthi, Geophytology" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="450" masterDocId="FFD60E49FFFF6A62FFCF4960FF8EFF81" masterDocTitle="The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="448" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1725311109013" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="99D4CA94AF1468187AE244A280A50A93">The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E967AE0E8385906D85C939116CF7176E">Mongkolsuk, Pachara</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D2BEC801032AF142BD656F8AC7754E57">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C516176AA061B0CDB8FB7B2435E4309E">Meesim, Sanya</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5540272E4EDF311DDE6C3886B97E98D8">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="58DA95BA8CE214F91D25626C2A97B6F4">Poengsungnoen, Vasun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0BDF8A149CE47EF9FECCFB7FE80704B7">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0FD8AD0C9476A0C141608C48F44CAAAC">Buaruang, Kawinnat</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A4FA458FF2FE5849CFDA09D0C2F86D86">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F383ACDD1F09AC82F1FE4626F9E21B2C">Schumm, Felix</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="71D34D08658E008A37E2BDA0A614C9E0">Mozartstrasse 9, D- 73117 Wangen, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FEED547DC15CAFE491B402F46165EE04">Kalb, Klaus</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2799730356639A3FEAB1401ACAFC13EB">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand. &amp; Lichenologisches Institut Neumarkt, Im Tal 12, D- 92318 Neumarkt, Germany. Email: klaus. kalb @ arcor. de &amp; Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand. &amp; University of Regensburg, Institute of Plant Sciences, Universitätsstraβe 31, D- 39040 Regensburg, Germany Corresponding author-email: pm-tamrapap @ ru. ac. th &amp; Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="92D82836459597EB2D2E5291C2C26328" type="email">klaus.kalb@arcor.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCA6A57FF5848AEFBFBFE66" box="[151,1141,462,487]" pageId="53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF5848AEFBFBFE66" blockId="53.[151,1141,462,487]" box="[151,1141,462,487]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF5848AEFF22FE66" bold="true" box="[151,172,462,487]" pageId="53">7.</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7E136FFCA6A57FF7D48AEFC70FE66" author="D. D. Awasthi" box="[178,1022,462,487]" journal="Geophytology" page="114" pageId="53" score="1.97023359760351E-6" volume="3" year="1973">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FF7D48AEFCECFE66" ID-CoL="3L972" authority="(Bel.) D. D. Awasthi, Geophytology" authorityName="D. D. Awasthi, Geophytology" baseAuthorityName="Bel." box="[178,866,462,487]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="podocarpa">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF7D48AEFD30FE66" bold="true" box="[178,702,462,487]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF7D48AEFE43FE66" bold="true" box="[178,461,462,487]" italics="true" pageId="53">Heterodermia podocarpa</emphasis>
(Bél.) D.D. Awasthi,
</emphasis>
Geophytology
</taxonomicName>
3: 114 (1973)
</treatmentCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="137DDBA2FFCA6A57FBC248AEFBE3FE66" box="[1037,1133,462,487]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="51.[151,244,1691,1712]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,202,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-159@51.[151,1436,195,1669]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 12. A. Heterodermia archeri, holotype (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia galactophylla, apothecia with ciliate exciple (scale 1 mm). C. Heterodermia hypochraea, holotype (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia incana (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia podocarpa (scale 1.5 mm). F. Heterodermia stellata, lectotype (scale 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13631353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13631353/files/figure.png" pageId="53">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCA6A57FF584B6FFC6DF981" pageId="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF584B6FFE0DFD73" blockId="53.[151,1436,527,754]" pageId="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FF584B6FFDF1FDA5" authority="Bel., Voy. Indes-Orient., Bot." authorityName="Bel., Voy. Indes-Orient., Bot." box="[151,639,527,548]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="podocarpa">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF584B6FFED0FDA5" box="[151,350,527,548]" italics="true" pageId="53">Parmelia podocarpa</emphasis>
Bél., Voy. Indes-Orient., Bot.
</taxonomicName>
2, Crypt.: 122, pl. 13, fig. 1 (1834);
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7E136FFCA6A57FC2D4B6FFD57FDC3" author="A. Massal." journal="Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti" page="249" pageId="53" score="4.331398240723669" volume="5" year="1860">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FC2D4B6FFD8FFDC3" ID-CoL="DG5Z" authority="(Bel.) A. Massal., Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti" baseAuthorityName="Bel." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Anaptychia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="podocarpa">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FC2D4B6FFB30FDA5" box="[994,1214,527,548]" italics="true" pageId="53">Anaptychia podocarpa</emphasis>
(Bél.) A. Massal., Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti
</taxonomicName>
, ser. 3, 5: 249 (1860)
</treatmentCitation>
. Type:—[MASCARENE ISLANDS]. Île de Bourbon [Réunion] Sainte- Suzanne, sur les troncs pourris des arbres, pl. 13, fig. 1.
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCA6A57FD274B2AFCBDFDDE" box="[744,819,586,607]" pageId="53" type="epitype">Epitype</typeStatus>
(designated here): MASCARENE ISLANDS. Réunion: Plainedes-Palmistes, W-side of village, garden of Gîte rural 104 with Guave shrubs and
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FC2D4B07FBC9FDFD" box="[994,1095,615,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FC2D4B07FBC9FDFD" box="[994,1095,615,636]" italics="true" pageId="53">Casuarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tree, on
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FB514B07FACEFDFD" box="[1182,1344,615,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FB514B07FACEFDFD" box="[1182,1344,615,636]" italics="true" pageId="53">Psidium guajava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FA824B07FA16FDFD" box="[1357,1432,615,636]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="53" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCA6A57FF084BE5FEBEFD1B" box="[199,304,645,666]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="37.1" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" precision="92" value="55.618332">55°37.1' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCA6A57FEF34BE5FE2AFD1B" box="[316,420,645,666]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="08.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" precision="92" value="-21.133333">21°08.0' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCA6A57FE7E4BE5FDA2FD1B" box="[433,556,645,666]" pageId="53" value="2008-06-01">1 June 2008</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FDF74BE5FCEEFD1B" box="[568,864,645,666]" italics="true" pageId="53">v.d. Boom &amp; Sérusiaux 40294</emphasis>
(B!).—
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FC604BE5FA88FD1B" authority="Nyl., Syn. Lich." authorityName="Nyl., Syn. Lich." box="[943,1286,645,666]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Physcia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="barbifera">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FC604BE5FBD1FD1B" box="[943,1119,645,666]" italics="true" pageId="53">Physcia barbifera</emphasis>
Nyl., Syn. Lich.
</taxonomicName>
1: 416 (1860);
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7E136FFCA6A57FF084BC2FD60FD36" author="Trevis." box="[199,750,674,695]" journal="Flora" page="52" pageId="53" score="0.3203158689424784" volume="44" year="1861">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FF084BC2FDAAFD36" ID-CoL="DG4V" authority="(Nyl.) Trevis." authorityName="Trevis." baseAuthorityName="Nyl." box="[199,548,674,695]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Anaptychia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="barbifera">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF084BC2FE18FD36" box="[199,406,674,695]" italics="true" pageId="53">Anaptychia barbifera</emphasis>
(Nyl.) Trevis.
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="5E6CCF4BFFCA6A57FDE14BC2FD60FD36" box="[558,750,674,695]" journal="Flora" page="52" pageId="53" score="0.3203158689424784" volume="44" year="1861">Flora 44: 52 (1861)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FD344BC2FAB0FD36" authority="(Nyl.) Kr. P. Singh, Bull. Bot. Surv." baseAuthorityName="Nyl." box="[763,1342,674,695]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="barbifera">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FD344BC2FC6CFD36" box="[763,994,674,695]" italics="true" pageId="53">Heterodermia barbifera</emphasis>
(Nyl.) Kr.P. Singh, Bull. Bot. Surv.
</taxonomicName>
India 21: 221 (1981 [19 February]) [1979]. Type:—
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FDBC4BDFFD3DFD55" box="[627,691,703,724]" name="Peru" pageId="53">PERU</collectingCountry>
. Near Tatanara, on branches of
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FC304BDFFBF8FD55" box="[1023,1142,703,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FC304BDFFBF8FD55" box="[1023,1142,703,724]" italics="true" pageId="53">Weinmannia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCA6A57FB484BDFFA87FD55" box="[1159,1289,703,724]" pageId="53" value="1854-08">August 1854</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FAD74BDFFA12FD55" box="[1304,1436,703,724]" italics="true" pageId="53">Lechler 2562</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCA6A57FF024BBDFEABFD73" box="[205,293,733,754]" pageId="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, PC n.v.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF584A77FB1AFBD1" blockId="53.[151,1440,791,2005]" pageId="53">
Thallus foliose to subfruticose, forming small rosettes or irregularly spreading, adnate to loosely adnate,
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FA884A77FA12FCAE" box="[1351,1436,791,816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="53" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">25 cm</quantity>
wide. Lobes 0.53.0 mm wide, sublinear, convex, irregularly branched, suberect or ascending at the apices, partially imbricate, discrete to contiguous, ciliate, with whitish simple cilia
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FBD64A3FFBF7FCF6" box="[1049,1145,863,888]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="53" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">12 mm</quantity>
long scattered along the margins, not mat-forming. Upper surface grayish white or gray, epruinose; soredia and isidia absent. Medulla white. Lower surface ecorticate, arachnoid, ±canaliculate, whitish. Rhizines simple or irregularly branched, whitish,
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FF384AACFEDAFC62" box="[247,340,972,997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="53" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">12 mm</quantity>
long. Apothecia common, substipitate to stipitate,
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FC414AACFC64FC62" box="[910,1002,972,997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="53" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">15 mm</quantity>
wide, subterminal on ascending lobes; margin crenate or with well-developed squamules, eciliate; disc brown to dark brown, often white-pruinose. Ascospores
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FED14D74FE3DFBAC" box="[286,435,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="53">Polyblastidia</emphasis>
-
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCA6A57FE744D74FE7EFBAD" box="[443,496,1044,1068]" pageId="53">type</typeStatus>
, ellipsoidal, with 2 or 3 small sporoblastidia, 3651 × 1725 µm. Pycnidia common, immersed, then becoming emergent, visible as black dots; conidia bacilliform, 45 × 1 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF094D3CFE4FFB61" blockId="53.[151,1440,791,2005]" pageId="53">Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C, KC, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow then red, C, P+ orange; yellow pigment on lower surface K+ violet; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), 6α-acetoxyhopane-16β,22-diol (minor), 6α-acetoxy-16β,22-dihydroxyhopane-25-oic acid (trace), leucotylin (trace), norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF094D8CFC6DF981" blockId="53.[151,1440,791,2005]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF094D8CFE3BFA84" bold="true" box="[198,437,1260,1285]" pageId="53">Nomenclature notes</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FE724D8CFE57FA84" bold="true" box="[445,473,1260,1285]" pageId="53"></emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7BAD6FFCA6A57FE164D8CFC8CFA84" author="Moberg, R. &amp; Nash III, T. H." box="[473,770,1260,1285]" pageId="53" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref54540" refString="Moberg, R. &amp; Nash III, T. H. (1999) The genus Heterodermia in the Sonoran Desert area. The Bryologist 102 (1): 1 - 14. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3244452" type="journal article" year="1999">Moberg &amp; Nash (1999: 9)</bibRefCitation>
selected an
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCA6A57FC404D8CFC6CFA84" box="[911,994,1260,1285]" pageId="53" type="epitype">epitype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FBE74D8CFB1EFA84" box="[1064,1168,1260,1285]" name="Tanzania" pageId="53">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, Africa. However, TLC studies of this material revealed that it lacks depsidones. This chemistry differs from that commonly accepted for this species and for all
<specimenCount id="9D400CAEFFCA6A57FE684C54FDC4FACC" box="[423,586,1332,1357]" count="6" pageId="53" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
collected from different places in
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FC2E4C54FBCAFACC" box="[993,1092,1332,1357]" name="Réunion" pageId="53">Réunion</collectingCountry>
—all contained norstictic and connorstictic acids as major depsidones. Therefore, we designate a new
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCA6A57FBCF4C37FBD2FAF1" box="[1024,1116,1367,1392]" pageId="53" type="epitype">epitype</typeStatus>
. Furthermore, we place
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FA4F4C39FE8FFA14" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="barbifera">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FA4F4C39FE8FFA14" italics="true" pageId="53">H. barbifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into synonymy, because all specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FD394C1CFCDBFA14" box="[758,853,1404,1429]" name="Réunion" pageId="53">Réunion</collectingCountry>
exhibit densely branches rhizines which form a mat along the margins, the prime distinguishing character of
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FCD14CC1FC23FA39" box="[798,941,1439,1464]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="barbifera">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FCD14CC1FC23FA39" box="[798,941,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="53">H. barbifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7BAD6FFCA6A57FB844CFFFA9AFA39" author="Kurokawa, S." box="[1099,1300,1439,1464]" pageId="53" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref53593" refString="Kurokawa, S. (1962) A monograph of the genus Anaptychia. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 6: 1 - 115, 9 plates." type="book chapter" year="1962">Kurokawa (1962)</bibRefCitation>
. Only near the tips of the lobes are the rhizines more or less simple. Although we have not seen the type of
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FB104CA5FAE2FA5C" box="[1247,1388,1476,1501]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="barbifera">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FB104CA5FAE2FA5C" box="[1247,1388,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="53">H. barbifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we have seen authentic material from
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FDD54C88FDC3FA7E" box="[538,589,1512,1535]" name="Peru" pageId="53">Peru</collectingCountry>
which was identified by Kurokawa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCA6A57FF094F6CFD13F9EC" pageId="53" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF094F6CFD13F9EC" blockId="53.[151,1440,791,2005]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF094F6CFE64F9A4" bold="true" box="[198,490,1548,1573]" pageId="53">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—Very rare on bark of trees (
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FCF34F6CFC4BF9A2" box="[828,965,1548,1571]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FCF34F6CFC4BF9A2" box="[828,965,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="53">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FC334F6CFB66F9A4" box="[1020,1256,1548,1573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoplatanus">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FC334F6CFB66F9A4" box="[1020,1256,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="53">Acer pseudoplatanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are reported) in lower montane rainforest and lower montane scrub from
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FCEF4F4FFC5DF9C6" box="[800,979,1583,1608]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.475" metricValueMin="1.125" pageId="53" unit="m" value="1300.0" valueMax="1475.0" valueMin="1125.0">1125 to 1475 m</quantity>
above sea level; also in Asia,
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FAE14F4FFA16F9C9" box="[1326,1432,1583,1608]" name="Australia" pageId="53">Australia</collectingCountry>
, North, Central and South America and Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCA6A57FF094F17FD53F959" pageId="53" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF094F17FD53F959" blockId="53.[151,1440,791,2005]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF094F17FEBDF911" bold="true" box="[198,307,1655,1680]" pageId="53">Remarks</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FEF44F17FED9F911" bold="true" box="[315,343,1655,1680]" pageId="53"></emphasis>
characterized by the ascending or suberect lobes, the subterminal, substipitate or stipitate apothecia, eciliate apothecial margins, the white, ecorticate lower surface, ascospores with sporoblastidia, the presence of norstictic acid and the lack of japonene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCA6A54FF094F84FB71FF79" lastPageId="54" pageId="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF094F84FA12F852" blockId="53.[151,1440,791,2005]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF094F84FDEFF97C" bold="true" box="[198,609,1764,1789]" pageId="53">
Material from
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCA6A57FEB64F84FE68F97C" box="[377,486,1764,1789]" name="Thailand" pageId="53">Thailand</collectingCountry>
examined
</emphasis>
:—
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCA6A57FD4D4F84FC83F97C" box="[642,781,1764,1789]" country="Thailand" name="Phitsanulok" pageId="53">Phitsanulok</collectingRegion>
: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, area at air raid shelter, in lower montane rainforest on bark of
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FDA54E68FCAAF89E" box="[618,804,1800,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FDA54E68FD77F89E" box="[618,761,1800,1823]" italics="true" pageId="53">Castanopsis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FCFD4E67FC03F89E" box="[818,909,1799,1824]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" pageId="53" unit="m" value="1125.0">1125 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCA6A57FC554E67FBA0F89E" box="[922,1070,1799,1824]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" precision="15" seconds="27" value="16.990833">16°59'27'' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCA6A57FBF44E67FB54F89E" box="[1083,1242,1799,1824]" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" precision="15" seconds="45" value="100.0125">100°00'45'' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCA6A57FB274E67FAF7F8A1" box="[1256,1401,1799,1824]" pageId="53" value="2003-06-06">6 June 2003</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FA484E69FE39F8C4" italics="true" pageId="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FA484E69FEAEF8C4" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Pachysporaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mongkolsuk">P. Mongkolsuk</taxonomicName>
RU-PM 194,
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FE084E4CFD93F8C4" box="[455,541,1836,1861]" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" name="Ramkhamhaeng University" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">RAMK</collectionCode>
21443);
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FD4B4E4CFB8CF8C4" box="[644,1026,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="53">
ibid.,
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FD0A4E4DFCE4F8C4" box="[709,874,1836,1861]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Pachysporaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="53" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mongkolsuk">P. Mongkolsuk</taxonomicName>
RU-PM 204,
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FBDE4E4CFBE9F8C4" box="[1041,1127,1836,1861]" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" name="Ramkhamhaeng University" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">RAMK</collectionCode>
21445); Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, Forest protection unit office, Lon Tae substation, in lower montane scrub forest, on bark of
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FAAA4E30FEC4F80C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoplatanus">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FAAA4E30FEC4F80C" italics="true" pageId="53">Acer pseudoplatanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCA6A57FE964E14FE3DF80A" box="[345,435,1908,1933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.263" pageId="53" unit="m" value="1263.0">1263 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCA6A57FE704E14FDC0F80A" box="[447,590,1908,1933]" degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" precision="15" seconds="18" value="17.238333">17°14'18'' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCA6A57FD944E14FD78F80A" box="[603,758,1908,1933]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" precision="15" seconds="19" value="101.55528">101°33'19'' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCA6A57FCCD4E14FC6CF80C" box="[770,994,1908,1933]" pageId="53" value="2009-11-12">12 November 2009</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FC214E14FF4CF830" italics="true" pageId="53">
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FC214E14FC71F80A" box="[1006,1023,1908,1931]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Meesim &amp;
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FB454E15FB2EF80D" box="[1162,1184,1909,1932]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Buaruang RU-MSPL 651
</emphasis>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FF174EF8FEA0F830" box="[216,302,1944,1969]" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" name="Ramkhamhaeng University" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">RAMK</collectionCode>
21146);
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FE5A4EF8FC3AF830" box="[405,948,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="53">
ibid.,
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FE184EF8FE66F82E" box="[471,488,1944,1967]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Meesim &amp;
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FDBD4EF9FD06F831" box="[626,648,1945,1968]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Buaruang RU-MSPL 648
</emphasis>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FC044EF8FBACF830" box="[971,1058,1944,1969]" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" name="Ramkhamhaeng University" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">RAMK</collectionCode>
21144);
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCA6A57FB474EF8FB4EF830" box="[1160,1216,1944,1969]" country="Thailand" name="Loei" pageId="53">Loei</collectingRegion>
: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area of Kok Nok Kraba along trail to channel 7, in lower montane scrub, on bark of
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FB2E4EDCFA19F852" box="[1249,1431,1980,2003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FB2E4EDCFAE2F852" box="[1249,1388,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="53">Castanopsis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FF58414CFDF2F7C6" blockId="53.[151,636,2092,2121]" box="[151,636,2092,2121]" pageId="53">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF58414CFF39F7C8" bold="true" box="[151,183,2092,2121]" pageId="53">54</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FF2E4152FECCF7C6" box="[225,322,2098,2119]" italics="true" pageId="53">Phytotaxa</emphasis>
235 (1) © 2015
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCA6A57FE274152FDF2F7C6" authority="Press" authorityName="Press" box="[488,636,2098,2119]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Magnolia Press</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCA6A57FB684152FA13F7C6" blockId="53.[1191,1437,2098,2119]" box="[1191,1437,2098,2119]" pageId="53">
MONGKOLSUK
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCA6A57FA974152FA13F7C6" box="[1368,1437,2098,2119]" italics="true" pageId="53">
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FA974152FAFAF7C6" box="[1368,1396,2098,2119]" country="0" name="East Texas State University" pageId="53">ET</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCA6A57FAB54152FA17F7C6" box="[1402,1433,2098,2119]" country="Algeria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14432" name="Université d'Alger" pageId="53" type="Herbarium">AL</collectionCode>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFC96A54FF5849F7FB71FF79" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="54">
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFC96A54FF5849F7FC99FF31" box="[151,791,151,176]" collectingDate="2005-08-30" collectionCode="W" elevation="1470" latitude="17.280277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.52473" pageId="54" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFC96A54FF5849F7FF7EFF2E" box="[151,240,151,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="54" unit="m" value="1470.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFC96A54FF5849F7FF7EFF2E" box="[151,240,151,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="54" unit="m" value="1470.0">1470 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFC96A54FF3349F7FE07FF2E" box="[252,393,151,176]" degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" precision="15" seconds="49" value="17.280277">17°16'49'' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFC96A54FE5949F7FDA0FF2E" box="[406,558,151,176]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" precision="15" seconds="29" value="101.52473">101°31'29'' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFC96A54FDF449F7FD7DFF31" box="[571,755,151,176]" pageId="54" value="2005-08-30">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFC96A54FDF449F7FD7DFF31" box="[571,755,151,176]" pageId="54" value="2005-08-30">30 August 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFC96A54FD3149F9FC99FF31" box="[766,791,153,176]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="54" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFC96A54FD3149F9FC99FF31" box="[766,791,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="54">W</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFC96A54FCD849F9FC95FF31" box="[791,795,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="54">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFC96A54FCED49F7FABAFF52" collectionCode="RAMK" collectorName="Hongsachart WD" location="Pa Chang Parn" municipality="Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="54" specimenCode="RAMK 21205" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loei">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFC96A54FCED49F7FB94FF31" box="[802,1050,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="54">
<collectorName id="26B3A2F1FFC96A54FCED49F7FC67FF31" box="[802,1001,151,176]" pageId="54">Hongsachart WD</collectorName>
194
</emphasis>
, (
<specimenCode id="DBE06F5CFFC96A54FBFE49F7FB54FF31" box="[1073,1242,151,176]" collectionCode="RAMK" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" name="Ramkhamhaeng University" pageId="54" type="Herbarium">RAMK 21205</specimenCode>
);
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFC96A54FB2149F7FAA8FF31" box="[1262,1318,151,176]" country="Thailand" name="Loei" pageId="54">Loei</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5D5DFFC96A54FAFD49F7FEE2FF54" pageId="54">Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary</collectingMunicipality>
, walking trail to
<location id="8E9991FCFFC96A54FDE349DCFD59FF52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCA6A54FF5848AEFB71FF79:8E9991FCFFC96A54FDE349DCFD59FF52" box="[556,727,188,213]" municipality="Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary" name="Pa Chang Parn" pageId="54" stateProvince="Loei">Pa Chang Parn</location>
, in lower montane scrub, on bark of unidentified tree
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFC96A54FA8F49DCFD0BFF76" collectingDate="2008-06-24" collectionCode="S" elevation="1475" latitude="17.280832" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.51945" pageId="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loei">
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFC96A54FA8F49DCFA19FF52" box="[1344,1431,188,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.475" pageId="54" unit="m" value="1475.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFC96A54FA8F49DCFA19FF52" box="[1344,1431,188,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.475" pageId="54" unit="m" value="1475.0">1475 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFC96A54FF5849BFFEADFF76" box="[151,291,223,248]" degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" precision="15" seconds="51" value="17.280832">17°16'51'' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFC96A54FEE149BFFE4BFF76" box="[302,453,223,248]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" precision="15" seconds="10" value="101.51945">101°31'10'' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFC96A54FE1E49BFFDE7FF79" box="[465,617,223,248]" pageId="54" value="2008-06-24">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFC96A54FE1E49BFFDE7FF79" box="[465,617,223,248]" pageId="54" value="2008-06-24">24 June 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFC96A54FDBB4980FD0BFF76" box="[628,645,224,247]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="54" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFC96A54FDBB4980FD0BFF76" box="[628,645,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="54">S</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFC96A54FD4A4980FCABFF79" box="[645,805,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="54">
.
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFC96A54FD5F4980FCAFFF79" box="[656,801,224,248]" collectionCode="K" collectorName="Meesim" pageId="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loei">
<collectorName id="26B3A2F1FFC96A54FD5F4980FD69FF76" box="[656,743,224,247]" pageId="54">Meesim</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFC96A54FCC44981FCAFFF79" box="[779,801,225,248]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="54" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFC96A54FCE44981FB75FF79" box="[811,1275,223,248]" collectionCode="RAMK" collectorName="Buaruang" pageId="54" specimenCode="RAMK 21002" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loei">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFC96A54FCE44981FBBBFF79" box="[811,1077,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="54">
<collectorName id="26B3A2F1FFC96A54FCE44981FC10FF79" box="[811,926,225,248]" pageId="54">Buaruang</collectorName>
, RU-MS 14.4
</emphasis>
, (
<specimenCode id="DBE06F5CFFC96A54FB8449BFFB7DFF79" box="[1099,1267,223,248]" collectionCode="RAMK" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13907" name="Ramkhamhaeng University" pageId="54" type="Herbarium">RAMK 21002</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>