1011 lines
116 KiB
XML
1011 lines
116 KiB
XML
<document id="2F93F3EF98BA5242C1F5D077A7035711" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5569.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14703528" ID-ZooBank="96194340-054D-49C0-BD89-D47899BCAF14" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1737371250141" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yamana, Yusuke, Hirashima, Kentarou, Sato, Masanori & Yamamori, Luna" docDate="2025" docId="03CC879FF9429D5AFF6327798D28AF11" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5569.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5569 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang 1988" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFF5FFE7F9529D4CFFF4243A8C2BAC76" masterDocTitle="First revision of the apodid holothurian genus Patinapta Heding, 1928 (Synaptidae) in Japanese waters, with establishment of four new species from Kyushu Island and Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1737473723657" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8B3030BDC7C1737A6ACF8E489AFCF3F8">First revision of the apodid holothurian genus Patinapta Heding, 1928 (Synaptidae) in Japanese waters, with establishment of four new species from Kyushu Island and Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3C9F227F4817CD4EC6CE48D91BC8F823">Yamana, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="59827F89B9384238A6ED7112F74568E3">Wakayama Prefectural Museum of Natural History (WMNH), Invertebrate Specimen House, Funo 370 - 1, Kainan, Wakayama 642 - 0001, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="11E98643AE7A3C22888585811A64FDF5">Hirashima, Kentarou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CFDD9D9F83C2F8B9289C4770185ABC36">Wakayama Prefectural Museum of Natural History (WMNH), 1 Room Curators Head Office, Funo 370 - 1, Kainan, Wakayama 642 - 0001, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6DEDEA9C9F904A565EA11DABF569D76A">Sato, Masanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4E8229B371FADFDC0427ECE99B83E802">Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan & Present address: 5233 Hiramatsu, Aira, Kagoshima 899 - 5652, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C1415582396C10643F4EC48F92D3F144">Yamamori, Luna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A9FEC8AA2D0C272DB5081BF021A8136A">Seto Marine biological laboratory (SMBL) of Kyoto University, 459, Shirahama, Wakayama 649 - 2211, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="9212CF7D14BB9213AAADB428F7C03EE3">2025</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03CC879FF9429D5AFF6327798D28AF11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14704962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14704962" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC879FF9429D5AFF6327798D28AF11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC879FF9429D5AFF6327798D28AF11" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9429D5CFF6327798F26AF2B" box="[151,781,835,861]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF6327798F26AF2B" blockId="16.[151,781,835,934]" box="[151,781,835,861]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D09281E5F9429D5CFF6327798F26AF2B" bold="true" box="[151,781,835,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9429D5CFF6327798F26AF2B" ID-CoL="6TTZC" authority="Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,781,835,861]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFF6327798F26AF2B" bold="true" box="[151,781,835,861]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFF6327798D81AF2B" bold="true" box="[151,426,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Patinapta taiwaniensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9429D5CFE4527798F26AF2B" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[433,781,835,861]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9429D5CFF6327528EE4AFF7" box="[151,719,871,898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF6327528EE4AFF7" blockId="16.[151,781,835,934]" box="[151,719,871,898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">[New Japanese name: Taiwan-himo-ikari-namako]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9429D5CFF6327B18D97AFD0" box="[151,444,907,934]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF6327B18D97AFD0" blockId="16.[151,781,835,934]" box="[151,444,907,934]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9429D5CFF6B27B18D39AFD3" box="[159,274,907,933]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStart-2="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionStartId-1="20.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionStartId-2="21.[151,250,540,564]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,669,1783]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1667]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1423,181,509]" captionTargetId-0="figure-234@17.[151,1436,669,1783]" captionTargetId-1="figure-29@20.[151,1436,181,1675]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@21.[151,1435,181,516]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionTargetPageId-2="21" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. External view of a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, lateral view, anterior left, dorsal top; B, oral-side view of the tentacles; C, outside view of the tentacles." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. SEM images of the ossicles extracted from a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, ossicles from tentacle; B, ossicles from mid-dorsal body wall; C, ossicles from mid-dorsal longitudinal muscle; D, ossicles from mid-ventral body wall; E, ossicles from mid-ventral longitudinal muscle." captionText-2="FIGURE 11. Outer-surface view of calcareous ring plates of a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237). Positions of the plates denoted by Ludwig’s [1889–1892 (1889), p156] system: RI–RV and IR1–IR5 where R and IR stands for positions for radius and interradius, respectively. Hence RI, mid-ventral; RII, left ventral; RIII, right ventral; RIV, left dorsal; RV, right dorsal; and: IR1, left ventral; IR2, right ventral; IR3-IR3’, left dorso-lateral; IR4-IR4’, right dorso-lateral; IR5, mid-dorsal. Anterior top." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703550" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703552" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703554" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14703550/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14703552/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14703554/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 9–11</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9429D5CFEE927B18D50AFD3" box="[285,379,907,933]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of body size and internal organs and their positions from specimens examined." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9429D5CFE7D27B18DB2AFD3" box="[393,409,907,933]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">4</tableCitation>
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,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9429D5CFE5127B18D98AFD0" box="[421,435,907,934]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="22.[152,244,922,946]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="TABLE 5. List of the WMNH-INV specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis as of 2024." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">5</tableCitation>
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)
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9429D5CFF6327EA89BFAF91" box="[151,1428,975,1000]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF6327EA89BFAF91" blockId="16.[151,1428,975,1000]" box="[151,1428,975,1000]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511A7F9429D5CFF6327EA89BFAF91" box="[151,1428,975,1000]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC41098F9429D5CFF6327EA8ECDAF9E" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[151,742,976,1000]" page="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1988">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9429D5CFF6327EA8ECDAF9E" ID-CoL="6TTZC" authority="Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988: 33 - 38" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityPageNumber="33 - 38" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,742,976,1000]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFF6327EA8D50AF91" box="[151,379,976,999]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Patinapta taiwaniensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9429D5CFE7627EA8ECDAF9E" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[386,742,976,1000]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988: 33–38</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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+ textfigs 1–5; accepted after
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC41098F9429D5CFBE027EA88F5AF91" author="Liao, Y." box="[1044,1246,975,1000]" page="264" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9429D5CFBE027EA88F5AF91" author="Liao, Y." box="[1044,1246,975,1000]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref31978" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea. Science Press, Beijing, 299 pp. [in Chinese with English abstract]" type="book" year="1997">Liao 1997: 264–265</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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+ textfig. 157a–e.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9429D59FF63202F883EABF0" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF63202F8DF7A825" blockId="16.[151,1437,1045,1721]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D09281E5F9429D5CFF63202F8DF7A825" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFF63202F8DF7A825" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Original species description (summarized from original diagnosis and description, figures in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9429D5CFAE0202F8D0DA822" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Chao et al. 1988: 33–38</bibRefCitation>
|
||
+ textfigs 1–5).
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF3320648E84A95A" blockId="16.[151,1437,1045,1721]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9429D5CFF3320648CD4A80E" box="[199,255,1118,1144]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, southern end of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727619F9429D5CFDD320648E56A80E" box="[551,637,1118,1144]" name="Taiwan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
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.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9429D5CFD7D20648F06A80E" box="[649,813,1118,1144]" count="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">Six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
examined in the study reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9429D5CFB3D206489B2A80E" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[1225,1433,1118,1144]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Chao
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFAFA2065896AA80E" box="[1294,1345,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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||
(1988)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
. Tentacles 12–13 short, body vermiform up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6CF9429D5CFD7F20B88EC2A8EA" box="[651,745,1154,1181]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body color whitish, more or less transparent, five longitudinal muscle bands being visible outside body. Each tentacle possesses 4–5 pairs of digits, with unpaired terminal digit. On the oral-side of tentacle stem, numerous (28–36) sensory cups arranged in V- shape. Calcareous ring the same composition as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9429D5CFEBD20D58D9AA97E" baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[329,433,1262,1288]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ooplax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFEBD20D58D9AA97E" box="[329,433,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. ooplax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the anterior tips not undulated at all. Polian vesicles double. Ciliated funnels as one crowded row along left dorsal interradius (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFD8221288EB5A95A" box="[630,670,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">IR3</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF33210C8D69AA72" blockId="16.[151,1437,1045,1721]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Body wall ossicles consisted of anchors and anchor plates. Anchor plates ranged within 73–103 μm in length, size of perforations noticeably varied between central and marginal locations. Positions of perforations were irregular, largest perforations situated biased from the center, surrounded by a ring of up to 6 smaller perforations. Largest perforations and several larger perforations equipped with 2–6 spaced teeth arraign along with inner rim. Anchor ossicles ranged within 155–160 μm in length, all anchor arms (bills) equipped with 2–4 minute teeth on their outer tips.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF3322348D0CAA06" blockId="16.[151,1437,1045,1721]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Longitudinal muscle ossicles (misidentified as military granules in “body wall” in the original description) consisted of minute curved rods, merely with closed perforations, ranged within 22–58 μm in length and about 10 μm in width.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF3322408F06AACE" blockId="16.[151,1437,1045,1721]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tentacle ossicles only rod ossicles, weakly curved and mostly branched or perforated at distal ends. Rod ossicles ranged within 50–90 μm in length and 7–11 μm in breadth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5CFF6323338DD1AB52" blockId="16.[151,506,1801,1828]" box="[151,506,1801,1828]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9429D5CFF6323338DD1AB52" bold="true" box="[151,506,1801,1828]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description of present result</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9429D5DFF6323688E29ADFF" blockId="16.[151,1437,1874,2008]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
The largest specimen from Sesoko-jima island,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A1F86BF9429D5CFD4C23688F36AB1A" box="[696,797,1874,1900]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(WMNH-2016-INV-237) was identified as this species. External and internal morphologies as follows (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9429D5CFD5A234C8F28ABE6" box="[686,771,1910,1936]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of body size and internal organs and their positions from specimens examined." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
): preserved body color, semi-transparent pink-whitish pale color (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9429D5CFF1023A08D00ABC2" box="[228,299,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-234@17.[151,1436,669,1783]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. External view of a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, lateral view, anterior left, dorsal top; B, oral-side view of the tentacles; C, outside view of the tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703550/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tentacles 12, each with up to 5 pairs of digits with unpaired terminal digit. On the oral-side of tentacle stem, about 16–26 sensory cups linearly arranged in a V- shape. Sensory cups attached to all tentacles, however sporadically in the dorsal tentacles. Polian vesicle double, narrow, fusiform,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6CF9439D5DFB8C24AD88F5ACC7" box="[1144,1246,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="4.11">4.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
length, attached with posterior end of the water brood circle just behind calcareous ring at medio-ventral position (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9439D5DFAF424818931ACA2" box="[1280,1306,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">RI</emphasis>
|
||
). Tentacles ampullae12 attached with outer circle of calcareous ring, each ampullae narrower and shorter than Polian vesicle. Stone canal single, thread-like, attached to narrow space between basal parts of tentacle ampullae at mediodorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9439D5DFF55251D8CE2AD37" box="[161,201,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">IR5</emphasis>
|
||
), suddenly turned upward and forward, resulting in it facing forward, distally with mold-like madreporite. Ciliated funnels are attached along midline of left dorsal interradial (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9439D5DFC4025718FF6AD13" box="[948,989,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">IR3</emphasis>
|
||
) inner-side body wall, erupting as one sporadical row in this specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9439D5DFF3325A9889CADA7" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Inside body, two tufts of gonad tubules attached to both sides of anterior dorsal mesentery, also two whitish tubule organs adhered to upper and under sides of intestine canal. Intestine canal lacking loop.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9439D5DFF3325E18FB7AEF3" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Body wall smooth surface, soft but thick, with ossicle arranging latitudinal layout of all as sets of anchor and plate. Both sides along five longitudinal muscles with distal ends of anchor ossicles facing towards interradial area, however ossicles on radial body-walls upon longitudinal muscles and interradial body-walls have distal ends randomly facing either direction. In the present study, only this species possesses segmented-like body wall as an annelid‐plan (latitudinal contractions occurring at uniform intervals).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1A6601F9439D5DFF6323348F82AB18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14703550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703550/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[151,250,1806,1830]" targetBox="[151,1436,669,1783]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9439D5DFF6323348F82AB18" blockId="17.[151,1437,1806,1903]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9439D5DFF6323348D3EAB50" bold="true" box="[151,277,1806,1830]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
External view of a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9439D5DFB4523358D97AB3D" authority="Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityYear="1988" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9439D5DFB45233589B6AB50" box="[1201,1437,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Patinapta taiwaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9439D5DFF6323088D97AB3D" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[151,444,1842,1867]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the present study (large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, lateral view, anterior left, dorsal top; B, oral-side view of the tentacles; C, outside view of the tentacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1A6601F9409D5EFF6C24A28916ACC6" box="[152,1341,152,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[152,244,152,176]" targetBox="[163,1420,192,1867]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="18" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9409D5EFF6C24A28916ACC6" blockId="18.[152,1341,152,177]" box="[152,1341,152,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF6C24A28D24ACC6" bold="true" box="[152,271,152,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9409D5EFBB424A38912ACC6" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityYear="1988" box="[1088,1337,153,176]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">Patinapta taiwaniensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9409D5EFF5724FB89A7AB3D" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<table id="F965C429F94062B3FF5724FA89A7AB3D" box="[163,1420,192,1867]" gridcols="7" gridrows="42" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5724FA89A7ACAF" box="[163,1420,192,217]" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5724FA8D32ACAF" box="[163,281,192,217]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body parts</th>
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB324FA8DDCACAF" box="[327,503,192,217]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Ossicle-type)</th>
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA24FA8F1DACAF" box="[542,822,192,217]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WMNH-2016-INV-236</th>
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB24FA8874ACAF" box="[863,1119,192,217]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WMNH-2016-INV-237</th>
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7524FA89A7ACAF" box="[1153,1420,192,217]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WMNH-2021-INV-542</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5724D389A7AD77" box="[163,1420,233,257]" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5724D38D32AD77" box="[163,281,233,257]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tentacle</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB324D38DDCAD77" box="[327,503,233,257]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Rods (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE4224D08DE8AD77" box="[438,451,234,257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA24D38F1DAD77" box="[542,822,233,257]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB24D38874AD77" box="[863,1119,233,257]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF524D389A7AD77" box="[1281,1420,233,257]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57252B89A7AD5F" box="[163,1420,273,297]" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57252B8D32AD5F" box="[163,281,273,297]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3252B8DDCAD5F" box="[327,503,273,297]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA252B8F1DAD5F" box="[542,822,273,297]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">72.5±12.9 (51–95)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB252B8FEEAD5F" box="[863,965,273,297]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">81.1±10.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D252B8874AD5F" box="[985,1119,273,297]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(69–104)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75252B88C4AD5F" box="[1153,1263,273,297]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">67.2±11.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5252B89A7AD5F" box="[1281,1420,273,297]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(58–84)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57250389A7AD24" box="[163,1420,313,338]" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5725038D32AD24" box="[163,281,313,338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Breadth</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB325038DDCAD24" box="[327,503,313,338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA25038F1DAD24" box="[542,822,313,338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9.4±2.5 (7–15)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB25038FEEAD24" box="[863,965,313,338]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9.5±2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D25038874AD24" box="[985,1119,313,338]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(8–15)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75250388C4AD24" box="[1153,1263,313,338]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">8.3±1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5250389A7AD24" box="[1281,1420,313,338]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(7–11)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57255B89A7AD0C" box="[163,1420,353,378]" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57255B8D32AD0C" box="[163,281,353,378]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4425588CE4AD0F" box="[176,207,354,377]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">RP</emphasis>
|
||
a (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3255B8DDCAD0C" box="[327,503,353,378]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA255B8F1DAD0C" box="[542,822,353,378]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">13.0±3.0 (9.2–18.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB255B8FEEAD0C" box="[863,965,353,378]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">11.7±1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D255B8874AD0C" box="[985,1119,353,378]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(9.2–14.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75255B88C4AD0C" box="[1153,1263,353,378]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">12.4±1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5255B89A7AD0C" box="[1281,1420,353,378]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(10.9–14.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5725B089A7ADD4" box="[163,1420,394,418]" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5725B08D32ADD4" box="[163,281,394,418]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4425B08CFBADD7" box="[176,208,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">RC</emphasis>
|
||
b
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB325B08DDCADD4" box="[327,503,394,418]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA25B08F1DADD4" box="[542,822,394,418]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">7.7±3.0 (4.7–14.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB25B08FEEADD4" box="[863,965,394,418]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9.3±2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D25B08874ADD4" box="[985,1119,394,418]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(5.4–14.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7525B088C4ADD4" box="[1153,1263,394,418]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">8.5±3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF525B089A7ADD4" box="[1281,1420,394,418]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(6.2–14.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57258889A7ADBC" box="[163,1420,434,458]" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57258889A7ADBC" box="[163,1420,434,458]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ventral side</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5725E089A7AD85" box="[163,1420,474,499]" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5725E08D32AD85" box="[163,281,474,499]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L-Muscle</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB325E08DDCAD85" box="[327,503,474,499]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Granules (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE3E25E18DFCAD84" box="[458,471,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA25E08F1DAD85" box="[542,822,474,499]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB25E08874AD85" box="[863,1119,474,499]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF525E089A7AD85" box="[1281,1420,474,499]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57263989A7AE6D" box="[163,1420,515,539]" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5726398D32AE6D" box="[163,281,515,539]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB326398DDCAE6D" box="[327,503,515,539]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA26398F1DAE6D" box="[542,822,515,539]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">25.4±4.0 (19–31)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB26398FEEAE6D" box="[863,965,515,539]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">29.2±4.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D26398874AE6D" box="[985,1119,515,539]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(23–35)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75263988C4AE6D" box="[1153,1263,515,539]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">30.8±6.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5263989A7AE6D" box="[1281,1420,515,539]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(22–39)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57261189A7AE35" box="[163,1420,555,579]" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5726118D32AE35" box="[163,281,555,579]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB326118DDCAE35" box="[327,503,555,579]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA26118F1DAE35" box="[542,822,555,579]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">12.6±1.3 (11–15)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB26118FEEAE35" box="[863,965,555,579]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">13.8±1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D26118874AE35" box="[985,1119,555,579]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(11–16)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75261188C4AE35" box="[1153,1263,555,579]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">14.0±1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5261189A7AE35" box="[1281,1420,555,579]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(11–16)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57266889A7AE1D" box="[163,1420,594,619]" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5726688D32AE1D" box="[163,281,594,619]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF44266E8CF9AE1D" box="[176,210,596,619]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">GP</emphasis>
|
||
c (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB326688DDCAE1D" box="[327,503,594,619]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA26688F1DAE1D" box="[542,822,594,619]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">51.0±9.7 (37.9–68.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB26688FEEAE1D" box="[863,965,594,619]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">47.6±6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D26688874AE1D" box="[985,1119,594,619]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(37.1–60.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75266888C4AE1D" box="[1153,1263,594,619]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">47.2±12.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5266889A7AE1D" box="[1281,1420,594,619]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(34.4–68.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57264189A7AEE2" box="[163,1420,635,660]" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5726418D32AEE2" box="[163,281,635,660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4426468CCEAEE5" box="[176,229,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
d (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB326418DDCAEE2" box="[327,503,635,660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Ratio)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA26418F1DAEE2" box="[542,822,635,660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">58.3 (O7:C5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB26418FEEAEE2" box="[863,965,635,660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">66.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D26418874AEE2" box="[985,1119,635,660]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(O8:C4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75264188C4AEE2" box="[1153,1263,635,660]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">20.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5264189A7AEE2" box="[1281,1420,635,660]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(O1:C4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57269E89A7AECA" box="[163,1420,676,700]" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57269E8D32AECA" box="[163,281,676,700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body wall</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3269E8DDCAECA" box="[327,503,676,700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Anchor plates (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE17269E8DDBAECD" box="[483,496,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA269E8F1DAECA" box="[542,822,676,700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D269E8874AECA" box="[985,1119,676,700]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5269E89A7AECA" box="[1281,1420,676,700]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5726F689A7AE92" box="[163,1420,716,740]" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5726F68D32AE92" box="[163,281,716,740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB326F68DDCAE92" box="[327,503,716,740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA26F68F1DAE92" box="[542,822,716,740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">117.7±12.5 (94–135)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB26F68FEEAE92" box="[863,965,716,740]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">104.6±6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D26F68874AE92" box="[985,1119,716,740]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(94–113)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7526F689A7AE92" box="[1153,1420,716,740]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">111.6±10.1 (98–125)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5726CE89A7AF7A" box="[163,1420,756,780]" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5726CE8D32AF7A" box="[163,281,756,780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB326CE8DDCAF7A" box="[327,503,756,780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA26CE8F1DAF7A" box="[542,822,756,780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">74.9±9.8 (63–93)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB26CE8FEEAF7A" box="[863,965,756,780]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">59.0±6.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D26CE8874AF7A" box="[985,1119,756,780]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(46–69)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7526CE88C4AF7A" box="[1153,1263,756,780]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">68.8±5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF526CE89A7AF7A" box="[1281,1420,756,780]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(63–75)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57272689A7AF43" box="[163,1420,796,821]" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5727268D32AF43" box="[163,281,796,821]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4427278CF7AF42" box="[176,220,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">APS</emphasis>
|
||
e
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB327268DDCAF43" box="[327,503,796,821]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA27268F1DAF43" box="[542,822,796,821]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">0.3±0.3 (0–0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB27268FEEAF43" box="[863,965,796,821]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">0.4±0.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D27268874AF43" box="[985,1119,796,821]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(0–0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75272688C4AF43" box="[1153,1263,796,821]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">0.5±0.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5272689A7AF43" box="[1281,1420,796,821]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(0–0.7)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57277F89A7AF2B" box="[163,1420,837,861]" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57277F8D32AF2B" box="[163,281,837,861]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF44277C8CFEAF2B" box="[176,213,838,861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
f
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3277F8DDCAF2B" box="[327,503,837,861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA277F8F1DAF2B" box="[542,822,837,861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5.6±0.8 (4–6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB277F8FEEAF2B" box="[863,965,837,861]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4.2±1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D277F8874AF2B" box="[985,1119,837,861]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(3–6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75277F88C4AF2B" box="[1153,1263,837,861]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5.2±0.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5277F89A7AF2B" box="[1281,1420,837,861]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(4–6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57275689A7AFF3" box="[163,1420,876,901]" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5727568D32AFF3" box="[163,281,876,901]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4427578CF6AFF2" box="[176,221,877,900]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">APT</emphasis>
|
||
g (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB327568DDCAFF3" box="[327,503,876,901]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA27568F1DAFF3" box="[542,822,876,901]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">17.6±7.1 (9.1–31.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB27568FEEAFF3" box="[863,965,876,901]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">21.8±6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D27568874AFF3" box="[985,1119,876,901]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(14.3–31.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75275688C4AFF3" box="[1153,1263,876,901]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">17.1±5.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5275689A7AFF3" box="[1281,1420,876,901]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(9.8–22.7)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5727AF89A7AFDB" box="[163,1420,917,941]" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5727AF8D32AFDB" box="[163,281,917,941]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body wall</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB327AF8DDCAFDB" box="[327,503,917,941]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Anchor (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE3627AC8DE4AFDB" box="[450,463,918,941]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA27AF8F1DAFDB" box="[542,822,917,941]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D27AF8874AFDB" box="[985,1119,917,941]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF527AF89A7AFDB" box="[1281,1420,917,941]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57278789A7AFA0" box="[163,1420,957,982]" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5727878D32AFA0" box="[163,281,957,982]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB327878DDCAFA0" box="[327,503,957,982]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA27878F1DAFA0" box="[542,822,957,982]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">155.2±14.2 (133–167)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB27878FEEAFA0" box="[863,965,957,982]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">152.0±7.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D27878874AFA0" box="[985,1119,957,982]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(143–163)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75278789A7AFA0" box="[1153,1420,957,982]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">150.0±11.0 (138–165)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5727DC89A7AF88" box="[163,1420,998,1022]" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5727DC8D32AF88" box="[163,281,998,1022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB327DC8DDCAF88" box="[327,503,998,1022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA27DC8F1DAF88" box="[542,822,998,1022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">75.4±6.8 (68–86)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB27DC8FEEAF88" box="[863,965,998,1022]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">64.1±3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D27DC8874AF88" box="[985,1119,998,1022]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(28–35)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7527DC88C4AF88" box="[1153,1263,998,1022]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">75.0±2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF527DC89A7AF88" box="[1281,1420,998,1022]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(72–77)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57203489A7A850" box="[163,1420,1038,1062]" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5720348D32A850" box="[163,281,1038,1062]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Teeth</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB320348DDCA850" box="[327,503,1038,1062]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA20348F1DA850" box="[542,822,1038,1062]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4.6±1.1 (3–6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB20348FEEA850" box="[863,965,1038,1062]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">3.7±1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D20348874A850" box="[985,1119,1038,1062]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(2–5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75203488C4A850" box="[1153,1263,1038,1062]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">7.2±1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5203489A7A850" box="[1281,1420,1038,1062]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(6–10)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57200C89A7A838" box="[163,1420,1078,1102]" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57200C8D32A838" box="[163,281,1078,1102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF44200D8CCAA838" box="[176,225,1079,1102]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
h(%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3200C8DDCA838" box="[327,503,1078,1102]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA200C8F1DA838" box="[542,822,1078,1102]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">22.2±2.0 (19.4–25.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB200C8FEEA838" box="[863,965,1078,1102]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">20.8±1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D200C8874A838" box="[985,1119,1078,1102]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(19.1–22.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75200C88C4A838" box="[1153,1263,1078,1102]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">22.6±0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5200C89A7A838" box="[1281,1420,1078,1102]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(21.4–23.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57206489A7A801" box="[163,1420,1118,1143]" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5720648D32A801" box="[163,281,1118,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4420658CCFA800" box="[176,228,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
i (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB320648DDCA801" box="[327,503,1118,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA20648F1DA801" box="[542,822,1118,1143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">46.2±5.1 (37.2–50.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB20648FEEA801" box="[863,965,1118,1143]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">48.2±4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D20648874A801" box="[985,1119,1118,1143]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(43.8–54.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75206488C4A801" box="[1153,1263,1118,1143]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">48.3±1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5206489A7A801" box="[1281,1420,1118,1143]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(42.9–46.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5720BD89A7A8E9" box="[163,1420,1159,1183]" gridrow="24" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5720BD89A7A8E9" box="[163,1420,1159,1183]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Dorsal side</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57209589A7A8B1" box="[163,1420,1199,1223]" gridrow="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5720958D32A8B1" box="[163,281,1199,1223]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L-Muscle</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB320958DDCA8B1" box="[327,503,1199,1223]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Granules (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE3E208A8DFCA8B1" box="[458,471,1200,1223]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA20958F1DA8B1" box="[542,822,1199,1223]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">8</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB20958874A8B1" box="[863,1119,1199,1223]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">13</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5209589A7A8B1" box="[1281,1420,1199,1223]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5720ED89A7A899" box="[163,1420,1239,1263]" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5720ED8D32A899" box="[163,281,1239,1263]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB320ED8DDCA899" box="[327,503,1239,1263]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA20ED8F1DA899" box="[542,822,1239,1263]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">22.5±3.3 (17–27)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB20ED8FEEA899" box="[863,965,1239,1263]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">29.8±4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D20ED8874A899" box="[985,1119,1239,1263]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(20–37)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7520ED88C4A899" box="[1153,1263,1239,1263]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">36.9±4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF520ED89A7A899" box="[1281,1420,1239,1263]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(34–45)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5720C589A7A96E" box="[163,1420,1279,1304]" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5720C58D32A96E" box="[163,281,1279,1304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB320C58DDCA96E" box="[327,503,1279,1304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA20C58F1DA96E" box="[542,822,1279,1304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">12.4±1.4 (10–14)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB20C58FEEA96E" box="[863,965,1279,1304]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">13.9±1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D20C58874A96E" box="[985,1119,1279,1304]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(11–17)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7520C588C4A96E" box="[1153,1263,1279,1304]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">14.6±1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF520C589A7A96E" box="[1281,1420,1279,1304]" gridcol="6" gridrow="27" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(12–17)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57211D89A7A936" box="[163,1420,1319,1344]" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57211D8D32A936" box="[163,281,1319,1344]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4421128CF9A949" box="[176,210,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">GP</emphasis>
|
||
c (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3211D8DDCA936" box="[327,503,1319,1344]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA211D8F1DA936" box="[542,822,1319,1344]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">55.8±9.1 (45.8–70.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB211D8874A936" box="[863,1119,1319,1344]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">48.1±11.1 (37.1–70.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75211D88C4A936" box="[1153,1263,1319,1344]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">39.8± 5.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5211D89A7A936" box="[1281,1420,1319,1344]" gridcol="6" gridrow="28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(34.1–47.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57216A89A7A91E" box="[163,1420,1360,1384]" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57216A8D32A91E" box="[163,281,1360,1384]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF44216B8CCEA91E" box="[176,229,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
d (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3216A8DDCA91E" box="[327,503,1360,1384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Ratio)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA216A8F1DA91E" box="[542,822,1360,1384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">50.0 (O4:C4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB216A8FEEA91E" box="[863,965,1360,1384]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">84.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D216A8874A91E" box="[985,1119,1360,1384]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(O11:C2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75216A88C4A91E" box="[1153,1263,1360,1384]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">71.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5216A89A7A91E" box="[1281,1420,1360,1384]" gridcol="6" gridrow="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(O5:C2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57214289A7A9E7" box="[163,1420,1400,1425]" gridrow="30" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5721428D32A9E7" box="[163,281,1400,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body wall</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB321428DDCA9E7" box="[327,503,1400,1425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Anchor plates (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE1721438DDBA9E6" box="[483,496,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA21428F1DA9E7" box="[542,822,1400,1425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB21428874A9E7" box="[863,1119,1400,1425]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5214289A7A9E7" box="[1281,1420,1400,1425]" gridcol="6" gridrow="30" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57219A89A7A9CF" box="[163,1420,1440,1465]" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57219A8D32A9CF" box="[163,281,1440,1465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3219A8DDCA9CF" box="[327,503,1440,1465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA219A8F1DA9CF" box="[542,822,1440,1465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">109.5±5.3 (99–118)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB219A8FEEA9CF" box="[863,965,1440,1465]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">94.4 ±7.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D219A8874A9CF" box="[985,1119,1440,1465]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(83–105)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75219A88C4A9CF" box="[1153,1263,1440,1465]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">107.3±6.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5219A89A7A9CF" box="[1281,1420,1440,1465]" gridcol="6" gridrow="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(99–118)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5721F389A7A997" box="[163,1420,1481,1505]" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5721F38D32A997" box="[163,281,1481,1505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB321F38DDCA997" box="[327,503,1481,1505]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA21F38F1DA997" box="[542,822,1481,1505]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">69.2±5.2 (62–77)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB21F38FEEA997" box="[863,965,1481,1505]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">57.6 ±6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D21F38874A997" box="[985,1119,1481,1505]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(49–68)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7521F388C4A997" box="[1153,1263,1481,1505]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">68.3±2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF521F389A7A997" box="[1281,1420,1481,1505]" gridcol="6" gridrow="32" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(65–71)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5721CA89A7AA7F" box="[163,1420,1520,1545]" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5721CA8D32AA7F" box="[163,281,1520,1545]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4421CB8CF7AA7E" box="[176,220,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">APS</emphasis>
|
||
e
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB321CA8DDCAA7F" box="[327,503,1520,1545]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA21CA8F1DAA7F" box="[542,822,1520,1545]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">0.6±0.2 (0–0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB21CA8FEEAA7F" box="[863,965,1520,1545]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">0.4 ±0.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D21CA8874AA7F" box="[985,1119,1520,1545]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(0–0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7521CA88C4AA7F" box="[1153,1263,1520,1545]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">0.5±0.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF521CA89A7AA7F" box="[1281,1420,1520,1545]" gridcol="6" gridrow="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(0–0.7)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57222389A7AA47" box="[163,1420,1561,1585]" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5722238D32AA47" box="[163,281,1561,1585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4422208CFEAA47" box="[176,213,1562,1585]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
f
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB322238DDCAA47" box="[327,503,1561,1585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA22238F1DAA47" box="[542,822,1561,1585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">3.6±0.7 (3–5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB22238FEEAA47" box="[863,965,1561,1585]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">3.3± 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D22238874AA47" box="[985,1119,1561,1585]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(3–4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75222388C4AA47" box="[1153,1263,1561,1585]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4.4±1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5222389A7AA47" box="[1281,1420,1561,1585]" gridcol="6" gridrow="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(3–6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57227B89A7AA2C" box="[163,1420,1601,1626]" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF57227B8D32AA2C" box="[163,281,1601,1626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4422788CF6AA2F" box="[176,221,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">APT</emphasis>
|
||
g (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB3227B8DDCAA2C" box="[327,503,1601,1626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA227B8F1DAA2C" box="[542,822,1601,1626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">11.5±1.9 (8.6–14.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB227B8FEEAA2C" box="[863,965,1601,1626]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">17.8±2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D227B8874AA2C" box="[985,1119,1601,1626]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(14.2–22.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75227B88C4AA2C" box="[1153,1263,1601,1626]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">14.9±2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5227B89A7AA2C" box="[1281,1420,1601,1626]" gridcol="6" gridrow="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(10.3–18.8)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57225089A7AAF4" box="[163,1420,1642,1666]" gridrow="36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5722508D32AAF4" box="[163,281,1642,1666]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body wall</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB322508DDCAAF4" box="[327,503,1642,1666]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Anchor (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFE3622518DE4AAF4" box="[450,463,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA22508F1DAAF4" box="[542,822,1642,1666]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB22508874AAF4" box="[863,1119,1642,1666]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5225089A7AAF4" box="[1281,1420,1642,1666]" gridcol="6" gridrow="36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5722A889A7AADC" box="[163,1420,1682,1706]" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5722A88D32AADC" box="[163,281,1682,1706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB322A88DDCAADC" box="[327,503,1682,1706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA22A88F1DAADC" box="[542,822,1682,1706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">142.8±11.7 (126–161)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB22A88874AADC" box="[863,1119,1682,1706]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">150.7±8.0 (138–159)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7522A888C4AADC" box="[1153,1263,1682,1706]" gridcol="5" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">148.2±3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF522A889A7AADC" box="[1281,1420,1682,1706]" gridcol="6" gridrow="37" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(140–152)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57228089A7AAA5" box="[163,1420,1722,1747]" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5722808D32AAA5" box="[163,281,1722,1747]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB322808DDCAAA5" box="[327,503,1722,1747]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA22808F1DAAA5" box="[542,822,1722,1747]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">78.9±10.9 (57–94)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB22808FEEAAA5" box="[863,965,1722,1747]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">55.1±3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D22808874AAA5" box="[985,1119,1722,1747]" gridcol="4" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(49–59)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75228088C4AAA5" box="[1153,1263,1722,1747]" gridcol="5" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">74.3±4.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5228089A7AAA5" box="[1281,1420,1722,1747]" gridcol="6" gridrow="38" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(70–83)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF5722D889A7AA8D" box="[163,1420,1762,1787]" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5722D88D32AA8D" box="[163,281,1762,1787]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Teeth</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB322D88DDCAA8D" box="[327,503,1762,1787]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA22D88F1DAA8D" box="[542,822,1762,1787]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">3.7±1.0 (2–5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB22D88FEEAA8D" box="[863,965,1762,1787]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4.4±0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D22D88874AA8D" box="[985,1119,1762,1787]" gridcol="4" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(3–6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB7522D888C4AA8D" box="[1153,1263,1762,1787]" gridcol="5" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">6.2±1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF522D889A7AA8D" box="[1281,1420,1762,1787]" gridcol="6" gridrow="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(4–9)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57233189A7AB55" box="[163,1420,1803,1827]" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5723318D32AB55" box="[163,281,1803,1827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF4423318CCAAB54" box="[176,225,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
h(%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB323318DDCAB55" box="[327,503,1803,1827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA23318F1DAB55" box="[542,822,1803,1827]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">21.1±3.0 (15.9–25.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB23318FEEAB55" box="[863,965,1803,1827]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">24.3±1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D23318874AB55" box="[985,1119,1803,1827]" gridcol="4" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(23.1–27.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75233188C4AB55" box="[1153,1263,1803,1827]" gridcol="5" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">23.4±1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5233189A7AB55" box="[1281,1420,1803,1827]" gridcol="6" gridrow="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(21.2–25.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355534CBF94062B3FF57230989A7AB3D" box="[163,1420,1843,1867]" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76845DB7F94062B3FF5723098D32AB3D" box="[163,281,1843,1867]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFF44230E8CCFAB3D" box="[176,228,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
i (%)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FEB323098DDCAB3D" box="[327,503,1843,1867]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Range)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FDEA23098F1DAB3D" box="[542,822,1843,1867]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">47.7±5.2 (41.3–57.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FCAB23098FEEAB3D" box="[863,965,1843,1867]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">57.6±3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FC2D23098874AB3D" box="[985,1119,1843,1867]" gridcol="4" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(50.8–63.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FB75230988C4AB3D" box="[1153,1263,1843,1867]" gridcol="5" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">45.2±1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76845DB7F94062B3FAF5230989A7AB3D" box="[1281,1420,1843,1867]" gridcol="6" gridrow="41" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(42.5–48.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9409D5EFF63236289A0AB06" blockId="18.[151,1419,1880,1905]" box="[151,1419,1880,1905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<tableNote id="76833707F9409D5EFF63236289A0AB06" box="[151,1419,1880,1905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[163,1420,192,1867]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
a–i, (see, Materials and Methods) Indicators for ossicle shape, and one parameter (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9409D5EFBFC23638804AB06" box="[1032,1071,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
, number of teethed perforation).
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF6324AD8E86ACC7" blockId="19.[151,685,151,177]" box="[151,685,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D09281E5F9419D5FFF6324AD8E86ACC7" bold="true" box="[151,685,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFF6324AD8E86ACC7" bold="true" box="[151,685,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">The present results of ossicle morphologies</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF6324E58DCEAE4B" blockId="19.[151,1437,223,1222]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Body wall ossicles are anchors and anchor plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9419D5FFD1024E58F59AC8C" box="[740,882,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-29@20.[151,1436,181,1675]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. SEM images of the ossicles extracted from a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, ossicles from tentacle; B, ossicles from mid-dorsal body wall; C, ossicles from mid-dorsal longitudinal muscle; D, ossicles from mid-ventral body wall; E, ossicles from mid-ventral longitudinal muscle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703552/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFC7524E58FF1AC8F" box="[897,986,223,249]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Anchor plates ranged within: 94–113 μm in length (mean±SD=104.6±6.0 μm ventrally, 94.4±7.9 μm dorsally). Size of perforations noticeably varied between central area and marginal area. Largest perforation situated slightly biased from the center, surrounded by a ring of up to 6 smaller perforations. Largest perforations and several larger perforations equipped with 2–8 spaced blunt-teeth discontinuously standing along their peripheral edge, however teethed perforations were small number, and several larger perforations lacked teeth. Two calculated indicators for anchor plates and a parameter were variated within
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE73258D8D9CADA7" box="[391,439,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">APS</emphasis>
|
||
=0–0.7 (mean±SD=0.4±0.3 ventrally, 0.4±0.3 dorsally);
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFBC225828875ADA7" box="[1078,1118,440,465]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
=3–6 (mean±SD=4.2±
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6CF9419D5FFAAB258D89B7ADA7" box="[1375,1436,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="1.1">1.1 in</quantity>
|
||
ventrally, 3.3±
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6CF9419D5FFEC825E18D54AD83" box="[316,383,475,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="0.5">0.5 in</quantity>
|
||
dorsally);
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE0A25E18E1BAD83" box="[510,560,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">APT</emphasis>
|
||
=4.2–31.6% (mean±SD=21.8±6.0% ventrally, 17.8±2.2% dorsally), thus this specimen had values “
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE6225C58DEDAE6F" box="[406,454,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">APS</emphasis>
|
||
=0.3±0.3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFDCF263A8E48AE6F" box="[571,611,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
=4.3±2.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFD2C25C58F21AE6F" box="[728,778,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">APT</emphasis>
|
||
=20.4±9.0%,” close to those calculated from Chao’s work (1988) based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9419D5FFE8826198DC9AE4B" box="[380,482,547,573]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF33267D8CDDAF28" blockId="19.[151,1437,223,1222]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Anchor ossicles ranged within 138–163 μm in length (mean±SD=152.0±7.4 μm in ventrally, 150.7±8.0 μm in dorsally) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9419D5FFEFE26518DBAAEF0" box="[266,401,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-29@20.[151,1436,181,1675]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. SEM images of the ossicles extracted from a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, ossicles from tentacle; B, ossicles from mid-dorsal body wall; C, ossicles from mid-dorsal longitudinal muscle; D, ossicles from mid-ventral body wall; E, ossicles from mid-ventral longitudinal muscle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703552/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFE6826518DD9AEF3" box="[412,498,619,645]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). All the anchor arms (bills) equipped with minute teeth on their outer tips, numbers of teeth ranged within 2–6 (mean±SD=3.7±1.0 in ventrally, 4.4±
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6CF9419D5FFC7226B58FE2AEDF" box="[902,969,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="0.9">0.9 in</quantity>
|
||
dorsally): about 2 teeth on each anchor arms. Two calculated indicators for anchors ranged within
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFCDA26898F4FAEBB" box="[814,868,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
=19.1–27.6% (mean±SD= 20.8±1.2% in ventrally, 24.3±1.2% in dorsally);
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE5A26ED8DC3AE87" box="[430,488,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
=43.8–63.5% (mean±SD=48.2±4.1% in ventrally, 57.6±3.7% in dorsally), thus this specimen had values of “
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE4826C18DDDAF63" box="[444,502,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
=42.6 % (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFD9F26C68E52AF63" box="[619,633,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">n</emphasis>
|
||
=2)” close to those calculated from Chao’s work (1988) based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9419D5FFF6327258CD7AF4F" box="[151,252,799,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, however “
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE8A27258D9FAF4F" box="[382,436,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
=12.3% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFDEB271A8E06AF4F" box="[543,557,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">n</emphasis>
|
||
=2)” was different from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9419D5FFC8427258FFEAF4F" box="[880,981,799,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, being noticeably larger than that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9419D5FFF63277E8CD9AF28" box="[151,242,836,862]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF33275D890AA843" blockId="19.[151,1437,223,1222]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Body longitudinal muscle ossicles granule ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9419D5FFCC5275D8FEAAFF4" box="[817,961,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-29@20.[151,1436,181,1675]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. SEM images of the ossicles extracted from a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, ossicles from tentacle; B, ossicles from mid-dorsal body wall; C, ossicles from mid-dorsal longitudinal muscle; D, ossicles from mid-ventral body wall; E, ossicles from mid-ventral longitudinal muscle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703552/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFC26275D8807AFF7" box="[978,1068,871,897]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
), both O-shaped and C-shaped granules ossicles were observed, ranging within 20–37 μm in length (mean±SD=29.2±4.0 μm in ventrally, 29.8±4.9 μm in dorsally). The calculated indicator for granule proportions was variated within
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFB14278A892EAFBC" box="[1248,1285,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">GP</emphasis>
|
||
=37.1–70.8% (mean±SD=47.6±6.0% in ventrally, 48.1±11.1% in dorsally) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFC8027EE8F84AF98" box="[884,943,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
=66.7% in ventrally, 84.6% in dorsally, thus this specimen showed close value of “
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFDB427C28E4EA864" box="[576,613,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">GP</emphasis>
|
||
=31.0±9.3% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFCF427C28F25A867" box="[768,782,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">n</emphasis>
|
||
=11)” which calculated from Chao’s work (1988) based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9419D5FFF3420218D0EA843" box="[192,293,1051,1077]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, however did not show close value “
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFD3420268ED0A840" box="[704,763,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">GOC</emphasis>
|
||
=18.2% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFC9020268F59A843" box="[868,882,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">n</emphasis>
|
||
=11),” while more large value for that.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF3320058FFBA8B3" blockId="19.[151,1437,223,1222]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Tentacle ossicles were rods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9419D5FFDFF20058E59A82F" box="[523,626,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-29@20.[151,1436,181,1675]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. SEM images of the ossicles extracted from a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, ossicles from tentacle; B, ossicles from mid-dorsal body wall; C, ossicles from mid-dorsal longitudinal muscle; D, ossicles from mid-ventral body wall; E, ossicles from mid-ventral longitudinal muscle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703552/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFD8B20058EFEA82F" box="[639,725,1087,1113]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
), their length and calculated indicator for rod proportions (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFA85207A89B8A82F" box="[1393,1427,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
) and complexities (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE9A205E8DB9A808" box="[366,402,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
) ranged within: 69–104 μm in length (mean±SD=81.1±10.3 μm),
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFB6A205E88EBA80B" box="[1182,1216,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFB12205E8923A80B" box="[1254,1288,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
= 9.2–14.7% (mean±SD=11.7±1.9%), and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE2A20B28E29A8D4" box="[478,514,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
=8.9 (mean±SD=9.3±2.9), thus this specimen had values “
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFB7F20B28886A8D7" box="[1163,1197,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
=10.9% and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFACD20B28976A8D4" box="[1337,1373,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
=7.9” close to those calculated from Chao’s work (1988) based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9419D5FFC9220918FE7A8B3" box="[870,972,1195,1221]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF63212D8F3CA947" blockId="19.[151,791,1303,1329]" box="[151,791,1303,1329]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D09281E5F9419D5FFF63212D8F3CA947" bold="true" box="[151,791,1303,1329]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFF63212D8F3CA947" bold="true" box="[151,791,1303,1329]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Observation on the morphology of calcareous rings</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF6321658F44A9B7" blockId="19.[151,1436,1375,1473]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Calcareous plates 12, firmly bound (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0CF9419D5FFDC921658EB9A90F" box="[573,658,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[151,250,540,564]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,509]" captionTargetId="figure-20@21.[151,1435,181,516]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Outer-surface view of calcareous ring plates of a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as Patinapta taiwaniensis Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237). Positions of the plates denoted by Ludwig’s [1889–1892 (1889), p156] system: RI–RV and IR1–IR5 where R and IR stands for positions for radius and interradius, respectively. Hence RI, mid-ventral; RII, left ventral; RIII, right ventral; RIV, left dorsal; RV, right dorsal; and: IR1, left ventral; IR2, right ventral; IR3-IR3’, left dorso-lateral; IR4-IR4’, right dorso-lateral; IR5, mid-dorsal. Anterior top." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703554/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
), with slight anterior projection and slight posterior depression. All five radial plates (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE9021BE8D55A9EB" box="[356,382,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RI</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE7921BE8D9AA9EB" box="[397,433,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RII</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE4B21BE8DC7A9EB" box="[447,492,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RIII</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE0E21BE8E0DA9EB" box="[506,550,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RIV</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFDC021BE8E7DA9EB" box="[564,598,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RV</emphasis>
|
||
) perforated in each anterior half. There is no space between the additional interradial plate (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFEAC219D8DE7A9B7" box="[344,460,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">IR4’; IR3’</emphasis>
|
||
) and adjacent radial plate (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFD0921928F74A9B7" box="[765,863,1448,1473]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RIII; RII</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF6322298EB8AA5B" blockId="19.[151,659,1555,1581]" box="[151,659,1555,1581]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D09281E5F9419D5FFF6322298EB8AA5B" bold="true" box="[151,659,1555,1581]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFF6322298EB8AA5B" bold="true" box="[151,659,1555,1581]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Ossicle variation among
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9419D5FFE3822298EB8AA5B" box="[460,659,1555,1581]" count="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9419D5FFF6322618F6CABAB" blockId="19.[151,1436,1627,2014]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9419D5FFF6322618D7CAA03" box="[151,343,1627,1653]" count="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were chosen as representative of different body sizes (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFC262261880CAA03" box="[978,1063,1627,1653]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of body size and internal organs and their positions from specimens examined." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
) to investigate if morphological changes in ossicles occur in different body sizes. Tentacle ossicles were rods, their length and calculated indicators ranged within: 58–84 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFDE6229E8E1FAACB" box="[530,564,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
=10.9–14.1%, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFCFE229E8F05AAC8" box="[778,814,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
=6.2–14.1 (in small specimen WMNH-2021-INV-542,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFF6322FD8CDBAA97" box="[151,240,1735,1761]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); 51–95 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFE2A22F28E2BAA97" box="[478,512,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
=9.2–18.1%, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFD3922F28EDAAA94" box="[717,753,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6CF9419D5FFCF422FD8FA8AA97" box="[768,899,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4892" metricValueMax="3.7846" metricValueMin="1.1938" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="9.8" valueMax="14.9" valueMin="4.7">4.7–14.9 in</quantity>
|
||
middle-size specimen WMNH-2016-INV-236,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFF6322D18CC7AB73" box="[151,236,1771,1797]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); and 69–104 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFDF122D68E0CAB73" box="[517,551,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
=9.2–14.7%, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFD1F22D68F24AB70" box="[747,783,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
=5.4–14.9 (in large-size specimen WMNH-2016-INV-237,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9419D5FFF6323358CC5AB5F" box="[151,238,1807,1833]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Among these values, lengths of rod ossicles and rods were not different significantly (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFB26232A88C8AB5F" box="[1234,1251,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P</emphasis>
|
||
>0.05, Kruskal-Wallis’ test), and also two calculated indicators for proportion (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFC9D230E8FA0AB3B" box="[873,907,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RP</emphasis>
|
||
) and complexities (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFB9B230E88B8AB38" box="[1135,1171,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">RC</emphasis>
|
||
) were not significantly different (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9419D5FFEFD23628D0EAB07" box="[265,293,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
> 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis’ test) among the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9419D5FFD0F236D8F9FAB07" box="[763,948,1879,1905]" count="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
. From these results, the rod ossicles in the tentacles of the present
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9419D5FFE5723418E73ABE3" box="[419,600,1915,1941]" count="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were almost the same in length, proportions and complexities in different body sizes. Therefore, the length (average about 70–80 μm), proportions (average about 12–13%), and complexities (average about 8–9) can be appropriate diagnostic characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1A6601F9469D58FF6322998F50AB51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14703552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703552/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1699,1723]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1667]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9469D58FF6322998F50AB51" blockId="20.[151,1436,1699,1831]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9469D58FF6322998D34AACD" bold="true" box="[151,287,1699,1723]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
SEM images of the ossicles extracted from a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9469D58FF6322F28E8EAAA9" authority="Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,677,1735,1759]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9469D58FF6322F28DABAAA9" box="[151,384,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Patinapta taiwaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9469D58FE7222FD8E8EAAA9" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[390,677,1735,1759]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237): A, ossicles from tentacle; B, ossicles from mid-dorsal body wall; C, ossicles from mid-dorsal longitudinal muscle; D, ossicles from mid-ventral body wall; E, ossicles from mid-ventral longitudinal muscle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1A6601F9479D59FF6326268D30AE9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14703554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703554/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,540,564]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,509]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9479D59FF6326268D30AE9E" blockId="21.[151,1437,540,744]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FF6326268D36AE42" bold="true" box="[151,285,540,564]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Outer-surface view of calcareous ring plates of a specimen collected from Sesoko-jima Island, Okinawa, identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9479D59FF46267B8EE9AE2E" authority="Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityYear="1988" box="[178,706,576,600]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FF46267B8DB0AE2E" box="[178,411,577,600]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Patinapta taiwaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9479D59FE55267A8EE9AE2E" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[417,706,576,600]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Chao, Rowe & Chang, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the present study (one large-size specimen, WMNH-2016-INV-237). Positions of the plates denoted by Ludwig’s [1889–1892 (1889), p156] system:
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC37265F882DAE0A" box="[963,1030,613,636]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">RI–RV</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FBCC265E88A6AE0A" box="[1080,1165,612,636]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR1–IR5</emphasis>
|
||
where
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FB2D265F88C3AE0A" box="[1241,1256,613,636]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">R</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FAEE265F8919AE0A" box="[1306,1330,613,636]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR</emphasis>
|
||
stands for positions for radius and interradius, respectively. Hence
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD3F26B38EC8AED6" box="[715,739,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">RI</emphasis>
|
||
, mid-ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC8526B38FBAAED6" box="[881,913,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">RII</emphasis>
|
||
, left ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FBE326B3886BAED6" box="[1047,1088,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">RIII</emphasis>
|
||
, right ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FB2726B388D1AED6" box="[1235,1274,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">RIV</emphasis>
|
||
, left dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FA8326B389BEAED6" box="[1399,1429,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">RV</emphasis>
|
||
, right dorsal; and:
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FEBE26968D45AEB2" box="[330,366,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR1</emphasis>
|
||
, left ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FE0326968E37AEB2" box="[503,540,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR2</emphasis>
|
||
, right ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD4526968F20AEB2" box="[689,779,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR3-IR3’</emphasis>
|
||
, left dorso-lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC392696880CAEB2" box="[973,1063,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR4-IR4’</emphasis>
|
||
, right dorso-lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FB0326978930AEB2" box="[1271,1307,685,708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IR5</emphasis>
|
||
, mid-dorsal. Anterior top.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9479D59FF3327008DA0A8A8" blockId="21.[151,1437,826,1926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Body wall ossicles are anchors and anchor plates. Anchor plate ossicles length and calculated indicators ranged within: 98–125 μm in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FE1F27658E30AF0F" box="[491,539,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APS</emphasis>
|
||
=0–0.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD8E27658E89AF0E" box="[634,674,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
=3–7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD1F27658F36AF0F" box="[747,797,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APT</emphasis>
|
||
=9.8–22.7% (in small specimen WMNH-2021-INV-542,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FF6327B88CC5AFEB" box="[151,238,898,925]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); 94–135 μm in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FDF527B98E1AAFEB" box="[513,561,899,925]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APS</emphasis>
|
||
=0–0.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD7B27B98E9CAFEA" box="[655,695,899,924]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
=3–6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FCF527B98F18AFEB" box="[769,819,899,925]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APT</emphasis>
|
||
=8.57–31.6% (in middle-size specimen WMNH-2016- INV-236,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FEFF279C8D4EAFB6" box="[267,357,934,960]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); and 83–113 μm in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD4C279D8EC3AFB7" box="[696,744,935,961]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APS</emphasis>
|
||
=0–0.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FCBD279D8F5AAFB6" box="[841,881,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
=3–6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC49279D8FC4AFB7" box="[957,1007,935,961]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APT</emphasis>
|
||
=14.2–31.6% (in large-size specimen WMNH-2016-INV-237,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FE4527F08E21AF92" box="[433,522,970,996]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Among these values, lengths of anchor plate ossicles and the skewness
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FA9127F089BEAF92" box="[1381,1429,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APS</emphasis>
|
||
, (were not different significantly (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FDFB27D58E00A87E" box="[527,555,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
>0.05, Kruskal-Wallis’ test, both in ventrally and dorsally) among specimens, while the frequency of teethed perforations
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD7C20288E91A85A" box="[648,698,1042,1068]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">APT</emphasis>
|
||
, and their parameter
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC5A20288FFDA85D" box="[942,982,1042,1067]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ntp</emphasis>
|
||
differed significantly among specimens (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FF55200C8C96A839" box="[161,189,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
<0.005, Kruskal-Wallis’ test). From these results, the anchor plate ossicles in the body wall of the present
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9479D59FF6320638D66A805" box="[151,333,1113,1139]" count="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were not different in ossicle lengths or skewness of the layout for perforations, regardless of the different body sizes of the specimens. Therefore, the length (average approximately 100–120 μm), counts of teethed perforations, and frequencies in total perforations of the anchor plate ossicles of this species cannot be appropriate diagnostic characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9479D59FF3320D28ED6AA35" blockId="21.[151,1437,826,1926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Anchor ossicle lengths and calculated indicators ranged within: 138–165 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FB3C20D288D5A974" box="[1224,1278,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
=21.2–25.0%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FF6321368CFAA950" box="[151,209,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
=42.5–48.0% (in small specimen WMNH-2021-INV-542,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FC9E21368FEAA950" box="[874,961,1292,1318]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); 126–167 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FB3C213688D5A950" box="[1224,1278,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
=15.9–25.4%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FF63210A8CFAA93C" box="[151,209,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
=37.2–57.9% (in middle-size specimen WMNH-2016-INV-236,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FC6921158FD9A93C" box="[925,1010,1327,1354]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); and 138–163 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FAE3210A8966A93C" box="[1303,1357,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
=19.1– 27.6%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FF1B21698D02A91B" box="[239,297,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
=43.8–63.5% (in large-size specimen WMNH-2016-INV-237,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FC1821698868A91B" box="[1004,1091,1363,1389]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Among these values, lengths of anchor ossicles were not significantly different among specimens (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC3121428FCAA9E7" box="[965,993,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
>0.05, Kruskal-Wallis’ test), while the indicator for anchor stem breadth
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FDFA21A18E6FA9C3" box="[526,580,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ASW</emphasis>
|
||
and for basal / distal ends width
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC5A21A18FC3A9C3" box="[942,1000,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">AEW</emphasis>
|
||
were significantly different (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FADE21A1896DA9C2" box="[1322,1350,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
<0.005, Kruskal-Wallis’ test, both in ventrally and dorsally). From these results, the anchor ossicles in the body wall of the present
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9479D59FF0421D88D8EA98A" box="[240,421,1506,1532]" count="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were not different in ossicle length for different body sizes, however, the anchor ossicles were different in the stem breadths, and basal / distal ends balances. Therefore, the length of the anchor ossicles of this species can be an appropriate diagnostic character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9479D59FF332277883EABF0" blockId="21.[151,1437,826,1926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Longitudinal muscle included both O-shaped and C-shaped granule ossicles, length and calculated indicators ranged within: 22–45 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FDFA224B8E18AAFD" box="[526,563,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GP</emphasis>
|
||
=34.1–68.2%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD2D224B8F3FAAFD" box="[729,788,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
=20.0–71.4% (in small specimen WMNH-2021-INV-542,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FF6322AF8CC7AAD9" box="[151,236,1685,1711]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); 19–31 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FE3822AF8DDAAAD9" box="[460,497,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GP</emphasis>
|
||
=37.9–70.0%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD6222AF8EFAAAD9" box="[662,721,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
=50.0–58.3% (in middle-size specimen WMNH-2021-INV-542,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FF6322828CC4AAA5" box="[151,239,1720,1747]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
); and 20–37 μm length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FDFC22838E06AAA5" box="[520,557,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GP</emphasis>
|
||
=37.1–70.8%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FD2022838F24AAA5" box="[724,783,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
=66.7–84.6% (in large-size specimen WMNH-2016-INV-237,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9479D59FF2622E68D01AA80" box="[210,298,1756,1782]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Among these values, lengths of granule ossicles were significantly different (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FB4B22E788F0AA80" box="[1215,1243,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
<0.005, Kruskal-Wallis’ test, both ventrally and dorsally) among the specimens, and also two calculated indicators
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FAF5233A890DAB6C" box="[1281,1318,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GP</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FA95233A89B7AB6C" box="[1377,1436,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
were significantly different (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FE28231E8E2AAB48" box="[476,513,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GP</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FDE6231F8E05AB48" box="[530,558,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
<0.005, Kruskal-Wallis’ test,
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC8F231E8F9DAB48" box="[891,950,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9479D59FC33231F8FC8AB48" box="[967,995,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ps</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05, χ
|
||
<superScript id="7C109BC1F9479D59FBA5231E8872AB44" attach="right" box="[1105,1113,1828,1842]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">2</superScript>
|
||
-multiple test, both ventrally and dorsally). Therefore, the length, proportions and the ratio C- or O-shape granule ossicles of this species changed due to individual body growth, and cannot be appropriate diagnostic characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9449D5AFF6324AD8F84AE64" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9449D5AFF6324AD8D22ACC7" blockId="22.[151,265,151,177]" box="[151,265,151,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFF6324AD8D22ACC7" bold="true" box="[151,265,151,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9449D5AFF6324E28F84AE64" blockId="22.[151,1437,216,531]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
This is the first record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0AF9449D5AFE5424E38EB5AC84" authorityName="Chao, Rowe & Chang" authorityYear="1988" box="[416,670,217,242]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synaptidae" genus="Patinapta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFE5424E38EB5AC84" box="[416,670,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Patinapta taiwaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727619F9449D5AFD2B24E38F08AC85" box="[735,803,217,243]" name="Japan" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
:the external and internal morphologies of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9449D5AFB1824E289B6AC84" box="[1260,1437,216,242]" count="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were largely in agreement with the original description for this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9449D5AFC4424C68847AD61" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[944,1132,252,279]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Chao
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFC0724C78808AD60" box="[1011,1059,252,278]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however observed ossicle morphologies, were different from the original description, especially in the indicators
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFB97251B88B5AD4D" box="[1123,1182,289,315]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">GCO</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFB21251B892EAD4D" box="[1237,1285,289,315]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">APS</emphasis>
|
||
, with present values about +40% and +10% larger than the values calculated from the original description, respectively (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9449D5AFAA8257E8C83ADF5" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[152,244,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (mean±SD μm) and counts of ossicles of three specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis." pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, numbers of sensory cups (16–26 cups) attached to the tentacle stem of the present specimens were also noticeably smaller than those noted in the original description (28–36 cups). Therefore, the possibility these represent different species remains. However, there were no critical differences detected between ossicle shapes of the original description and the present study, and we judge the present
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9449D5AFC4525EE884EAD98" box="[945,1125,468,494]" count="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
to be accommodated in this species. Further molecular based studies of these species are desirable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6502F9449D5AFF63266D8D28AF11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9449D5AFF63266D8D1BAE07" blockId="22.[151,304,599,625]" box="[151,304,599,625]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFF63266D8D1BAE07" bold="true" box="[151,304,599,625]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA3689F9449D5AFF6326A38D28AF11" blockId="22.[151,1437,664,871]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882BF9449D5AFF6326A38CE4AEC5" box="[151,207,665,691]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, south end of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727619F9449D5AFE3F26A28E36AEC4" box="[459,541,664,690]" name="Taiwan" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9449D5AFDD826A28EC6AEC5" author="Chao, S. & Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K." box="[556,749,664,691]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref31423" refString="Chao, S., Rowe, F. W. E. & Chang, K. (1988) A new species in the synaptid genus Patinapta (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), from Taiwan. Micronesica, 21 (1 - 2), 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Chao
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9BF9449D5AFD8426A38E81AEC4" box="[624,682,664,690]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Also reported from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A1F86BF9449D5AFC2B26A2881BAEC4" box="[991,1072,664,690]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
Island (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B78F9449D5AFB7826A2892EAEC5" author="Liao, Y." box="[1164,1285,664,691]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref31978" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea. Science Press, Beijing, 299 pp. [in Chinese with English abstract]" type="book" year="1997">Liao 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The present
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9449D5AFF6326878D6BAEA0" box="[151,320,700,727]" count="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from Sesoko-jima Island were collected from mid-intertidal sandy beach, and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9449D5AFB382687894CAEA0" box="[1228,1383,700,727]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
was from the Osato-gawa collected from the estuarine intertidal flats, in the river mouth. The present two localities were intertidal shores on the East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727619F9449D5AFDE0273E8E7CAF68" box="[532,599,772,798]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea. Basing on the identifying features suggested from the present results, WMNH-INV accommodates a total of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD00F9449D5AFDA227128EDBAF34" box="[598,752,808,834]" count="76" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">76 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
preserved in 5 bottles (Kyushu Island 1; Ryukyu Islands 4) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E70332F9449D5AFF6B27768CDEAF11" box="[159,245,844,871]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="22.[152,244,922,946]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="TABLE 5. List of the WMNH-INV specimens of Patinapta taiwaniensis as of 2024." pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |