174 lines
18 KiB
XML
174 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="11BC3602B72528B7CFA191BA7E7FCBF3">Lance lacewings of the world (Neuroptera: Archeosmylidae, Osmylidae, Saucrosmylidae): review of living and fossil genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C1BBBF2F5D30D3769FFFF059922B0CE0">Winterton, Shaun L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D0B02BD23DBFF153E16FAC14E08278BF">Martins, Caleb Califre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="52211DED37B9FE94A88AAF0756B94BB2">Makarkin, Vladimir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B1F32A487CA92E2ADFCDCC2BF9A04625">Ardila-Camacho, Adrian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B04F571107B9AE1BD821461192448657">Wang, Yongjie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9A8E937C19AC0CF9E665DEABAF8092F6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="69BD17B3E6F3E2EDF3613B0213356A89">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4121A86739D940518DFBF0087C9D16AA">2019-04-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="61BFD4AAEA6AE908B32126EEE5D8E3BF">4581</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C47176FFD08D607AD20525FCEC92C5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156146889" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C47176FFD08D607AD20525FCEC92C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C47176FFD08D607AD20525FCEC92C5" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<subSubSection id="C37793EBFFD08D677AD20525FDDD9042" box="[151,637,613,639]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD2C060FFD08D677AD20525FDDD9042" blockId="83.[151,637,613,672]" box="[151,637,613,639]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<heading id="D09A770CFFD08D677AD20525FDDD9042" bold="true" box="[151,637,613,639]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D677AD20525FDDD9042" ID-CoL="6CKT" authority="Wang et al., 2009 a" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,637,613,639]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" genus="Palaeothyridosmylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677AD20525FDDD9042" bold="true" box="[151,637,613,639]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677AD20525FE339042" bold="true" box="[151,403,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Palaeothyridosmylus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D677BDE0525FDDD9042" author="Wang" box="[411,637,613,639]" firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref54755" refString="Wang, Y., Liu, Z. & Ren, D. (2009 a) A new fossil lacewing genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2008.0040" type="journal article" year="2009 a">
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Wang
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||
<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677BAE0525FD869042" bold="true" box="[491,550,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2009a
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</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37793EBFFD08D677AD205C7FF59909D" box="[151,249,647,672]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD2C060FFD08D677AD205C7FF59909D" blockId="83.[151,637,613,672]" box="[151,249,647,672]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1356DCE5FFD08D677ADA05C7FF51909D" box="[159,241,647,672]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1501,1523]" captionTargetBox="[191,1387,862,1399]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[153,1433,794,1479]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 64. Palaeothyridosmylus septemaculatus Wang et al. (from Wang et al., 2009a) (forewing)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2633969/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37793EBFFD08D677AD20590FB3490DB" box="[151,1172,720,742]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD2C060FFD08D677AD20590FB3490DB" blockId="83.[151,1172,720,742]" box="[151,1172,720,742]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677AD20590FE8290DB" bold="true" box="[151,290,720,742]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<typeStatus id="54D67EC2FFD08D677AD20590FF6C90DB" box="[151,204,720,742]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D677B6C0590FC2C90DB" authority="Wang et al., 2009 a: 67" authorityName="Wang" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="2009" box="[297,908,720,742]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" genus="Palaeothyridosmylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemaculatus">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677B6C0590FD0190DB" box="[297,673,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Palaeothyridosmylus septemaculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D6778ED0591FCC990DB" author="Wang" box="[680,873,720,742]" firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref54755" refString="Wang, Y., Liu, Z. & Ren, D. (2009 a) A new fossil lacewing genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2008.0040" type="journal article" year="2009 a">
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D6778AD0591FCBC90DB" box="[744,796,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2009a
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 67
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</taxonomicName>
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(by original designation).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF1290E8FFD08D677AD2029DFB3E97CE" box="[151,1182,1501,1523]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2633969/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" startId="83.[151,250,1501,1523]" targetBox="[191,1387,862,1399]" targetPageId="83">
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<paragraph id="8BD2C060FFD08D677AD2029DFB3E97CE" blockId="83.[151,1182,1501,1523]" box="[151,1182,1501,1523]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677AD2029DFE8097CE" bold="true" box="[151,288,1501,1523]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 64.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D677B60029DFCB897CE" authority="Wang et al." authorityName="Wang" box="[293,792,1501,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" genus="Palaeothyridosmylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemaculatus">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677B60029DFD3E97CE" box="[293,670,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Palaeothyridosmylus septemaculatus</emphasis>
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D6778A0029EFCB897CE" box="[741,792,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(from Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D6779DB029EFC7297CE" box="[926,978,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2009a) (forewing).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C37793EBFFD08D607AD2015AFCEC92C5" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD2C060FFD08D607AD2015AFCEC92C5" blockId="83.[151,1437,1562,2019]" lastBlockId="84.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677AD2015AFEB8940E" bold="true" box="[151,280,1562,1587]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Comments</emphasis>
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. The forewing figures presented by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D6778F0015BFC37940E" author="Wang" box="[693,919,1562,1587]" firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref54755" refString="Wang, Y., Liu, Z. & Ren, D. (2009 a) A new fossil lacewing genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2008.0040" type="journal article" year="2009 a">
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D6778BB015CFC98940E" box="[766,824,1562,1587]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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(2009a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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have the veins identified following Kukalov-
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D677AD2017EFE13946A" author="Kukalov-Peck, J. & Lawrence, J. F." box="[151,435,1598,1623]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="95 - 144" refId="ref49993" refString="Kukalov-Peck, J. &, Lawrence, J. F. (2004) Relationships among coleopteran suborders and major endoneopteran lineages: evidence from hind wing characters. European Journal of Entomology, 101, 95 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2004.018" type="journal article" year="2004">Peck & Lawrence (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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(i.e., MA labelled as MP, MP as CuA, CuA as CuP and so on). The hind wing described and figured by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D677B050123FDB79446" author="Wang" box="[320,535,1634,1659]" firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref54755" refString="Wang, Y., Liu, Z. & Ren, D. (2009 a) A new fossil lacewing genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2008.0040" type="journal article" year="2009 a">
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677BC20124FE1F9446" box="[391,447,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2009a
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: figs 3–4) as ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D6778F70122FC3F9446" box="[690,927,1634,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" genus="Palaeothyridosmylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D6778F70122FC3F9446" box="[690,927,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Palaeothyridosmylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.’ is most likely the forewing as the M vein is forked near origin of the first branch of RP; osmylids typically have the hind wing medial fork closer to the origin of RP. Indeed, the wing is very similar in venation to the forewing described for
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D677ED101ECFAFF94FE" box="[1172,1375,1706,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" genus="Palaeothyridosmylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemaculatus">
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677ED101ECFAFF94FE" box="[1172,1375,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">P. septemaculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The specimen described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D677BE50190FD2094DA" author="Wang" box="[416,640,1742,1768]" firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref54755" refString="Wang, Y., Liu, Z. & Ren, D. (2009 a) A new fossil lacewing genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2008.0040" type="journal article" year="2009 a">
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677BAD0190FD8194DA" box="[488,545,1742,1767]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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(2009a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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is a hind wing overlaying (or underneath) a forewing, and the authors had some difficulty attributing the patterning of the wing to either. Considering the branching pattern of the wing figured (especially M), it seems that this specimen is a composite of wing venation from the forewing and hind wing. Moreover, the wing venation figured as ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D6778FF007AFC06956E" box="[698,934,1850,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" genus="Palaeothyridosmylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D6778FF007AFC06956E" box="[698,934,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Palaeothyridosmylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.’ has an elongate and highly pectinately branched CuP, which would actually preclude placement in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D67791F001EFC5A954A" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1913" box="[858,1018,1886,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spilosmylinae">Spilosmylinae</taxonomicName>
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if it was a hind wing.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCBD91FFD08D677F560020FF4E95A6" author="Wang" firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref54755" refString="Wang, Y., Liu, Z. & Ren, D. (2009 a) A new fossil lacewing genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2008.0040" type="journal article" year="2009 a">
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B9191C72FFD08D677F1A0020FA3C954A" box="[1375,1436,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2009a)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
tentatively assigned this genus to
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D67783400C2FCB495A6" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1913" box="[625,788,1922,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spilosmylinae">Spilosmylinae</taxonomicName>
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||
, however, the genus does lack some important venational features characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D677BF700E6FDF59582" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1913" box="[434,597,1958,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spilosmylinae">Spilosmylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as at least one RP gradate series crossveins or a spur-like process on the basal part of the hind wing MP directed proximally (an important synapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6DBBE3FFD08D677E3E008AFA8195DE" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1913" box="[1147,1313,1994,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spilosmylinae">Spilosmylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Based on this, as well as the branching pattern the M, Cu and A1 veins, it was prudent of the authors not to formally describe the specimen as it likely represents a composite of both fore and hind wings. At present the subfamilial placement of this genus is undetermined until more material is available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |