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<document id="FA64EBCBC0503E91FCF5635D2A8AF421" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5496.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="23fe14a0-593c-4a1d-9c2e-5de471ccd917" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13330996" ID-ZooBank="5B7A632D-BDFE-4243-8233-B018EA49297E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1723805578646" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sales, Raul Fernandes Dantas, Caramaschi, Ulisses &amp; Freire, Eliza Maria Xavier" docDate="2024" docId="03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5496.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5496 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5496.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amphisbaena carvalhoi Gans 1965" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FFAA061EFFBCED7BD475FFEA6E6DFFB5" masterDocTitle="Amphisbaena lumbricalis Vanzolini, 1996 is a synonym of Amphisbaena carvalhoi Gans, 1965 (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="72" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1725047918853" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="FBA04BF9D2FA399D19A2F9957CFE684D">Amphisbaena lumbricalis Vanzolini, 1996 is a synonym of Amphisbaena carvalhoi Gans, 1965 (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD2E24C7EAB6097BE424FD111277901C">Sales, Raul Fernandes Dantas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35A46D31AE0F1C6755BF5E693BB5BA2D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6546-8956</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="008559F55DE3660BCBBCCB7EB03233E4">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia e Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 59078 - 970 Natal, RN, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B67E2F48CD06FB59B0E798CC33587CB2" type="email">raulsales17@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A9DEADAEB78D79E12E5B656DBDFCEF8C">Caramaschi, Ulisses</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B8A50987DF1FC5CA6326A71C9E79DC08" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1534-1038</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="707A1FFD3577B53689B8E890CEA37E4F">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940 - 040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F480BE0CF7C5F3A477FF3AEAAE3349F" type="email">ulisses@acd.ufrj.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="629EEF95B3B067DB3CC9DFBCA2B79D16">
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<mods:namePart id="B2AEDCCBCC99E11076B389CA8D6B7C4B">Freire, Eliza Maria Xavier</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6C317672EBF827959D7157DADC582859" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9486-6347</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1457C1DCFAAFC71C8AA0EF06621E1828">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia e Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 59078 - 970 Natal, RN, Brazil. &amp; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia e Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 59078 - 970 Natal, RN, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEA26E1183B406E4157E8D2D58F82058" type="email">eliza.freire@ufrn.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2973F7E8DF35603F4037E24291068796">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EF35517A1006B1C80127DB91076667C2">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DFBA96D6D4DB2D368AC142F6CD0F992F">5496</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="0663CA1E6E97C4292638B5A7E5FF4E96">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="25D07C306A7F97679577F8C828BC96DF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5496.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13621136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<subSubSection id="C3209CFBFFBAED7DD4E2FB1E6C58FABA" box="[151,565,1268,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBAED7DD4E2FB1E6C58FABA" blockId="6.[151,565,1268,1295]" box="[151,565,1268,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<heading id="D0CD781CFFBAED7DD4E2FB1E6C58FABA" bold="true" box="[151,565,1268,1295]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBAED7DD4E2FB1E6C58FABA" ID-CoL="D5H8" authority="Gans, 1965" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,565,1268,1295]" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD4E2FB1E6C58FABA" bold="true" box="[151,565,1268,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD4E2FB1E6FC7FABA" bold="true" box="[151,426,1268,1295]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
Gans, 1965
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3209CFBFFBAED7DD4E2FAD36D0AFA18" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBAED7DD4E2FAD36F75FAC5" blockId="6.[151,1437,1337,1454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBAED7DD4E2FAD36C63FAE4" authority="Gans, 1965" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,526,1337,1362]" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD4E2FAD36FE6FAE4" box="[151,395,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B52C52DFFBAED7DD5E0FAD06C63FAE4" box="[405,526,1337,1362]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" location="Municipio de Pesqueira" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MNRJ 2095" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pernambuco" typeStatus="holotype">Gans, 1965</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFBAED7DD66EFAD36C10FAE4" box="[539,637,1337,1361]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB9C670BFFBAED7DD6FCFAD06D61FAE4" box="[649,780,1337,1361]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">MNRJ 2095</specimenCode>
. Type Locality: “Poção,
<location id="8EE599ABFFBAED7DD064FAD36B67FAE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFBAED7DD064FAD36B67FAE4" box="[1041,1290,1337,1361]" country="Brazil" name="Municipio de Pesqueira" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Pernambuco">Municipio de Pesqueira</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD162FAD36BF5FAE4" box="[1303,1432,1337,1361]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32D8FE0FFBAED7DD4B2FAB26F67FAC5" box="[199,266,1368,1392]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBAED7DD4E2FA9D6D0AFA18" blockId="6.[151,1437,1337,1454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBAED7DD4E2FA9D6C2CFA3A" ID-CoL="D5JP" authority="Vanzolini, 1996" authorityName=", Vanzolini" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,577,1399,1423]" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lumbricalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD4E2FA9D6FF4FA3A" box="[151,409,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Amphisbaena lumbricalis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B52C52DFFBAED7DD5EBFA9D6C2CFA3A" box="[414,577,1399,1423]" collectionCode="MZUSP" county="Hydroelectric" location="lower Rio Sao Francisco" municipality="Xingo" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MZUSP 79433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alagoas" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFBAED7DD5EBFA9D6C2CFA3A" author="Vanzolini, P. E." box="[414,577,1399,1423]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="293 - 305" refId="ref15269" refString="Vanzolini, P. E. (1996) On slender species of Amphisbaena, with the description of a new one from northeastern brasil (Reptilia, Amphisbaenia). Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, 39 (16), 293 - 305." type="journal article" year="1996">Vanzolini, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFBAED7DD63CFA9D6CC6FA3A" box="[585,683,1399,1423]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB9C670BFFBAED7DD6C1FA9D6D3DFA3A" box="[692,848,1399,1423]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">MZUSP 79433</specimenCode>
. Type locality: “
<collectingCounty id="62E4B7FCFFBAED7DD785FA9D6A13FA3A" box="[1008,1150,1399,1423]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Hydroelectric</collectingCounty>
plant of
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1550AFFBAED7DD0A0FA9D6B7AFA3A" box="[1237,1303,1399,1423]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Xingó</collectingMunicipality>
, on the
<location id="8EE599ABFFBAED7DD116FA9D6FEEFA18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFBAED7DD116FA9D6FEEFA18" county="Hydroelectric" municipality="Xingo" name="lower Rio Sao Francisco" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Alagoas">lower Rio São Francisco</location>
, on the side of the state of
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD6E4FA7F6C89FA18" box="[657,740,1429,1453]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
(left bank)”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3209CFBFFBAED73D4E2FA366E9FF904" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBAED7DD4E2FA366C97F933" blockId="6.[151,1437,1499,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD4E2FA366F66FA43" bold="true" box="[151,267,1500,1526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFBAED7DD4E2FA366F6BFA43" box="[151,262,1500,1526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED2B57B5FFBAED7DD56DFA366F0EFA43" box="[280,355,1500,1526]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">MNRJ</collectionCode>
2095 (
<figureCitation id="1301D3F5FFBAED7DD5C8FA366C65FA43" box="[445,520,1500,1526]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[189,1398,181,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Amphisbaena carvalhoi Gans, 1965. Holotype, MNRJ 2095, general view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621306/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Currently the specimen is discolored and broken in three pieces, but basic taxonomic characters are present. The specimen was collected by Antenor Leitão de Carvalho (1910–1985), in
<date id="FF84E9B0FFBAED7DD11CF9EA6F02F98B" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" value="1936-06" valueMax="1936-11-31" valueMin="1936-06-00">June to November 1936</date>
, during a trip to the states of
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD6B5F9CE6D22F98B" box="[704,847,1572,1598]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD72EF9CE6DDFF98B" box="[859,946,1572,1598]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Paraíba</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD79AF9CE6A5EF98B" box="[1007,1075,1572,1598]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Ceará</collectingRegion>
, Northeastern
<collectingCountry id="F32D8FE0FFBAED7DD0ACF9CE6B70F98B" box="[1241,1309,1572,1598]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFBAED7DD158F9CE6EBEF9D7" author="Carvalho, A. L." pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="12 - 15" refId="ref11389" refString="Carvalho, A. L. (1937) Notas oecologicas e zoogeographicas sobre vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. O Campo, March 1937, 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1937">Carvalho, 1937</bibRefCitation>
). However, neither
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFBAED7DD5CCF9A26C1AF9D7" author="Carvalho, A. L." box="[441,631,1608,1634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="12 - 15" refId="ref11389" refString="Carvalho, A. L. (1937) Notas oecologicas e zoogeographicas sobre vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. O Campo, March 1937, 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1937">Carvalho (1937)</bibRefCitation>
, nor
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFBAED7DD6C2F9A26DA7F9D7" author="Miranda-Ribeiro, A." box="[695,970,1608,1634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="54 - 56" refId="ref13251" refString="Miranda-Ribeiro, A. (1937) Sobre uma colleccao de vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. Primeira parte: Peixes e batrachios. O Campo, January 1937, 54 - 56." type="journal article" year="1937">Miranda-Ribeiro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
, who studied the fishes and amphibians obtained, referred to the collection of amphisbaenians.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBAED7DD4B2F97A6FDEF88F" blockId="6.[151,1437,1499,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD4B2F97A6F07F91C" bold="true" box="[199,362,1679,1706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Type locality.</emphasis>
Gans (1965) referred the
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFBAED7DD6D6F97A6CBEF91F" box="[675,723,1680,1706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBAED7DD714F97A6D9DF91F" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[865,1008,1680,1706]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD714F97A6D9DF91F" box="[865,1008,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as “Poção, Municipio de Pesqueira,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD4E2F95E6F4BF97B" box="[151,294,1716,1742]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32D8FE0FFBAED7DD541F95E6F13F97B" box="[308,382,1716,1742]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
”. He added: “Poção lies on the Serra do Acahy at
<quantity id="4CC26295FFBAED7DD7BDF9596A72F97B" box="[968,1055,1715,1742]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.035" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="1035.0">1035 m</quantity>
elevation, and the specimen was collected in broken up granite graves near the top of the mountain range (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFBAED7DD787F9326ACEF947" author="Carvalho, A. L." box="[1010,1187,1752,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="12 - 15" refId="ref11389" refString="Carvalho, A. L. (1937) Notas oecologicas e zoogeographicas sobre vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. O Campo, March 1937, 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1937">Carvalho, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)”. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFBAED7DD143F9326E8FF8A3" author="Carvalho, A. L." pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="12 - 15" refId="ref11389" refString="Carvalho, A. L. (1937) Notas oecologicas e zoogeographicas sobre vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. O Campo, March 1937, 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1937">Carvalho (1937)</bibRefCitation>
didn’t present this information. It is possible that Carl Gans obtained it directly from Antenor Carvalho’s personal communication.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBAED7DD4B2F8AE6D01F85B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1499,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
At the time of the collection of the
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFBAED7DD63FF8AE6C17F8EB" box="[586,634,1860,1886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
specimens in 1937,
<location id="8EE599ABFFBAED7DD729F8AE6DCDF8EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFBAED7DD729F8AE6DCDF8EB" box="[860,928,1860,1886]" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" latitude="-8.1865" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-36.7023" municipality="Municipality of Pocao" name="Pocao" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Pernambuco">Poção</location>
was a district subordinate to the
<location id="8EE599ABFFBAED7DD179F8AE6F1FF837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFBAED7DD179F8AE6F1FF837" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" latitude="-8.1865" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-36.7023" municipality="Municipality of Pocao" name="Municipality of Pesqueira. Pocao" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Pernambuco">Municipality of Pesqueira. Poção</location>
was raised to the grade of municipality through a decree from
<date id="FF84E9B0FFBAED7DD053F8826A96F837" box="[1062,1275,1895,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" value="1953-12-29">
<collectingDate id="EFC01058FFBAED7DD053F8826A96F837" box="[1062,1275,1895,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" value="1953-12-29">29 December 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
, dismembered from Pesqueira. The installation of the
<location id="8EE599ABFFBAED7DD61FF8666D1CF813" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFBAED7DD61FF8666D1CF813" box="[618,881,1932,1958]" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" latitude="-8.1865" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-36.7023" municipality="Municipality of Pocao" name="Municipality of Pocao" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Pernambuco">Municipality of Poção</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD7F7F8666A3DF813" box="[898,1104,1932,1958]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Pernambuco state</collectingRegion>
, occurred on
<date id="FF84E9B0FFBAED7DD083F8666BF5F813" box="[1270,1432,1931,1958]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" value="1954-05-22">
<collectingDate id="EFC01058FFBAED7DD083F8666BF5F813" box="[1270,1432,1931,1958]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" value="1954-05-22">22 May 1954</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<location id="8EE599ABFFBAED7DD4E2F85A6F6EF87F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFBAED7DD4E2F85A6F6EF87F" box="[151,259,1968,1994]" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" latitude="-8.1865" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-36.7023" municipality="Municipality of Pocao" name="Currently" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Pernambuco">Currently</location>
, the
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFBAED7DD54CF85A6F04F87F" box="[313,361,1968,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBAED7DD599F85A6C1BF87F" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[492,630,1968,1994]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBAED7DD599F85A6C1BF87F" box="[492,630,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be quoted as
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1550AFFBAED7DD724F85A6A20F87F" box="[849,1101,1968,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Municipality of Poção</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EA9B7FFBAED7DD028F8456AA2F87F" box="[1117,1231,1967,1994]" degrees="8.1865" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" precision="5" value="-8.1865">8.1865° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EA9B7FFBAED7DD0A9F85A6B0BF87F" box="[1244,1382,1968,1994]" degrees="36.7023" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" precision="5" value="-36.7023">36.7023° W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="00172843FFBAED7DD107F8456E84F85B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="995.0">
<quantity id="4CC26295FFBAED7DD107F8456EC0F85B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="995.0">995 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFBAED7DD48AF83E6FA5F85B" box="[255,456,2004,2030]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Pernambuco state</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E4B7FCFFBAED7DD5A1F83E6C08F85B" box="[468,613,2004,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Northeastern</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry id="F32D8FE0FFBAED7DD61EF83E6CC2F85B" box="[619,687,2004,2030]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<tableCitation id="C6B8FACBFFBAED7DD6CAF83E6D62F85B" box="[703,783,2004,2030]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Locality records of Amphisbaena carvalhoi (including A. lumbricalis under its synonymy) in Northeastern Brazil. Precision of coordinates decrease from “local”, to “proximate”, and “municipality seat”. Voucher acronyms: MNRJ—Museu Nacional da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; SU—Stanford University Collection; HU-Zoo— Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; MZUSP—Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo; MUFAL—Museu de História Natural da Universidade Federal de Alagoas; MFCH—Coleção de Herpetologia do Museu de Fauna da Caatinga, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco; RT—Coleção Herpetológica da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto; CHSAR—Coleção Herpetológica do Semiárido, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi- Árido; UFRN-CH—Coleção Herpetológica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. See Fig. 3 for map." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF459FF8FFBEED79D4E2FF7D6B3AFE1E" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" tableUuid="DF459FF8FFBEED79D4E2FF7D6B3AFE1E">Table1</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="1301D3F5FFBAED7DD76EF83E6D32F85B" box="[795,863,2004,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1019,1043]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,995]" captionTargetId="figure-78@6.[151,1435,309,995]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Head in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views, caudal region, and general view of four new examined specimens of A. carvalhoi: (A) UFRN-CH 5143, from Serra das Vacas, Paranatama, Pernambuco; (B) UFRN-CH 4711, from Serra de Santana, Lagoa Nova, Rio Grande do Norte; (C) UFRN-CH 6432, from Serra de Santana, São Vicente, Rio Grande do Norte; (D) UFRN- CH 6683, from Fazenda Riacho do Navio, Campina Grande, Paraíba. Scale bars: head = 1 mm; caudal region = 5 mm; general view = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621302/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF459FF8FFBBED7CD4E2F89F6EA0F84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13621304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621304/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" startId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[197,1395,185,1884]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFBBED7CD4E2F89F6EA0F84D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1909,2040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBBED7CD4E2F89F6F79F838" bold="true" box="[151,276,1909,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Geographic distribution map of literature records
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBBED7CD76EF89F6A63F838" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[795,1038,1909,1933]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBBED7CD76EF89F6A63F838" box="[795,1038,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black circles), literature records of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFBBED7CD1F3F89F6F67F804" authorityName=", Vanzolini" authorityYear="1996" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lumbricalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFBBED7CD1F3F89F6F67F804" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">A. lumbricalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white circles), and new records presented in this study. Locality names are in Table 1. Acronyms: CE—Ceará state; RN—Rio Grande do Norte state; PB = Paraíba state; PE: Pernambuco state; AL = Alagoas state; SE = Sergipe state; BA = Bahia state.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF459FF8FFB4ED73D4E2FBB26A60FBC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621306" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13621306" box="[151,1037,1112,1136]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621306/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" startId="8.[151,250,1112,1136]" targetBox="[189,1398,181,1088]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB4ED73D4E2FBB26A60FBC5" blockId="8.[151,1037,1112,1136]" box="[151,1037,1112,1136]" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D4E2FBB26F7EFBC5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1112,1136]" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D56CFBB26CE5FBC5" authority="Gans, 1965" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[281,648,1112,1136]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D56CFBB26C66FBC5" box="[281,523,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
Gans, 1965
</taxonomicName>
. Holotype, MNRJ 2095, general view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB4ED73D4B2FB286E9FF904" blockId="8.[151,1437,1218,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D4B2FB286F2BFB69" bold="true" box="[199,326,1218,1244]" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Definition.</emphasis>
A species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D5A2FB286C02FB69" box="[471,623,1218,1244]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D5A2FB286C02FB69" box="[471,623,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Amphisbaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with: (1) a round head in dorsal and lateral view, more or less pointed and dorsoventrally compressed; (2) suture lengths: prefrontal&gt; frontal&gt; nasal; (3) precloacal pores four, round, variably expressed, without median hiatus (rarely 2, 5 or 6); (4) lateral sulcus present, dorsal and ventral sulci absent; (5) body annuli 223–249; (6) lateral annuli 3–4; (7) caudal annuli 19–26; (8) autotomy on 6
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB4ED73D010FAC46A1FFA89" attach="left" box="[1125,1138,1326,1340]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">th</superScript>
to 10
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB4ED73D0C5FAC46AD0FA89" attach="left" box="[1200,1213,1326,1340]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">th</superScript>
caudal annulus (not apparent in the intact tail of some specimens); (9) tail round in cross-section, throughout its length until the tip; (10) dorsal surface of tail with non-tuberculate segments; (11) dorsal segments 12–14 and ventral segments
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB4ED73D151FA9C6BE5FA25" box="[1316,1416,1398,1424]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" unit="in" value="18.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="16.0">16–20 in</quantity>
a midbody annulus; (12) supralabials three; (13) infralabials three; (14) first parietals very variable in size and shape, but usually contacting postoculars; (15) postocular one; (16) temporal one; (17) postgenials usually in two rows, the first one with two and the second one with three scales (some individuals with two rows of three scales, two rows of three and four scales, or one row of two or three scales); (18) postmalar row absent; (19) small body size (SVL &lt;
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB4ED73D4DAF9C06F7CF9F1" box="[175,273,1578,1604]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="170.0">170 mm</quantity>
); (20) in preservative, dorsal ground color cream (pinkish in life), with center of segments brown, and venter immaculate cream after the first to seventh segment below the lateral sulcus; tail slightly darker than body, with center of segments brown dorsally and brown or immaculate cream ventrally; head slightly lighter than body (
<figureCitation id="1301D3F5FFB4ED73D4EAF97C6E89F904" box="[159,228,1686,1713]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[409,1178,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-37@9.[409,1178,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Living specimens of Amphisbaena carvalhoi: (A) UFRN-CH 4711, from Serra de Santana, Rio Grande do Norte; (B) UFRN-CH 5143, from Serra das Vacas, Pernambuco (tail was damaged at time of collection); (C) UFRN-CH 6683, from Fazenda Riacho do Navio, Paraíba. Photos taken by Matheus Meira-Ribeiro (A) and Raul Fernandes Dantas Sales (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621308/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3209CFBFFB4ED71D4B2F9506D3DF820" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB4ED73D4B2F9506CDFF841" blockId="8.[151,1437,1218,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D4B2F9506F57F961" bold="true" box="[199,314,1722,1748]" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Comparisons are made with all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D759F9506D85F961" box="[812,1000,1722,1748]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Amphisbaenidae</taxonomicName>
from South America. The presence of a round head distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D5BEF9346CBBF94D" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[459,726,1758,1784]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D5BEF9346CBBF94D" box="[459,726,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D769F9356DF0F94D" baseAuthorityName="Barbour" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[796,925,1758,1785]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anomala">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D769F9356DF0F94D" box="[796,925,1758,1785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. anomala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D005F9356A91F94D" box="[1136,1276,1759,1784]" class="Reptilia" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Leposternon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D005F9356A91F94D" box="[1136,1276,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Leposternon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(head shovelshaped), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D519F8E96F95F8A9" baseAuthorityName="Ribeiro, Castro-Mello &amp; Nogueira" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[364,504,1794,1821]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acrobeles">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D519F8E96F95F8A9" box="[364,504,1794,1821]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. acrobeles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D673F8E96CCCF8A9" baseAuthorityName="Stimson" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[518,673,1794,1821]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilabialata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D673F8E96CCCF8A9" box="[518,673,1794,1821]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. bilabialata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D6C5F8E96D7DF8A9" baseAuthorityName="Bell" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[688,784,1794,1821]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kingii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D6C5F8E96D7DF8A9" box="[688,784,1794,1821]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. kingii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D73BF8E86A6BF8A8" box="[846,1030,1794,1821]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Mesobaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D73BF8E86DA2F8A9" box="[846,975,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">Mesobaena</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
(head keel-shaped). Among species with a round head, the presence of four precloacal pores in
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D751F8CD6DC0F8F5" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[804,941,1830,1857]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D751F8CD6DC0F8F5" box="[804,941,1830,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(97% of examined specimens) distinguishes it from (number of pores inside parentheses)
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D6FDF8A16D58F8D1" authorityName="Gomes &amp; Maciel" authorityYear="2012" box="[648,821,1866,1893]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maranhensis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D6FDF8A16D58F8D1" box="[648,821,1866,1893]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. maranhensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D71FF8A16D8EF8D1" authorityName="Mott, Rodrigues, De Freitas &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2008" box="[874,995,1867,1893]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uroxena">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D71FF8A16D8EF8D1" box="[874,995,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. uroxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D063F8A16A19F8D1" box="[1046,1140,1866,1893]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D063F8A16A19F8D1" box="[1046,1140,1866,1893]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. dubia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D0DDF8A16B6DF8D1" authorityName="Montero &amp; Cespedez" authorityYear="2002" box="[1192,1280,1866,1893]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hiata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D0DDF8A16B6DF8D1" box="[1192,1280,1866,1893]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. hiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0 in females,
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB4ED73D4E2F8846EAFF83D" box="[151,194,1902,1928]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
males),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D554F8856FCFF83D" baseAuthorityName="Strussman &amp; Carvalho" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[289,418,1902,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="absaberi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D554F8856FCFF83D" box="[289,418,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. absaberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D5DAF8856C39F83D" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1997" box="[431,596,1903,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anaemariae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D5DAF8856C39F83D" box="[431,596,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. anaemariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D617F8856CA9F83D" authorityName="Strussmann &amp; Mott" authorityYear="2009" box="[610,708,1902,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D617F8856CA9F83D" box="[610,708,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D6A7F8856D5EF83D" authorityName="Teixeira Jr, Da Vechio, Neto &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2014" box="[722,819,1903,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caiari">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D6A7F8856D5EF83D" box="[722,819,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. caiari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D734F8856DF8F83D" authorityName="Pinna, Mendonca, Bocchiglieri &amp; Fernandes" authorityYear="2010" box="[833,917,1902,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carli">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D734F8856DF8F83D" box="[833,917,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. carli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D7D6F8856A68F83D" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1997" box="[931,1029,1903,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crisae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D7D6F8856A68F83D" box="[931,1029,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. crisae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D061F8856AF4F83D" authorityName="Ribeiro, Gomes, Rodrigues Da Silva, Cintra &amp; Da Silva" authorityYear="2016" box="[1044,1177,1902,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D061F8856AF4F83D" box="[1044,1177,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D0D2F8856B6DF83D" authorityName="Ribeiro, Gomides &amp; Costa" authorityYear="2018" box="[1191,1280,1902,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kiriri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D0D2F8856B6DF83D" box="[1191,1280,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. kiriri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D178F8856B1AF83D" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1964" box="[1293,1399,1902,1929]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leeseri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D178F8856B1AF83D" box="[1293,1399,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. leeseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D1F1F8856F64F819" authorityName="Texeira Junior, Dal Vechio, Recoder, Cassimiro, Sena &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2019" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longinqua">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D1F1F8856F64F819" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. longinqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D562F8796FD3F819" authorityName="Ribeiro, Sa, Santos Jr, Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade &amp; Vaz-Silva" authorityYear="2019" box="[279,446,1938,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mebengokre">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D562F8796FD3F819" box="[279,446,1938,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. mebengokre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D5B8F8796C07F819" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1971" box="[461,618,1939,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miringoera">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D5B8F8796C07F819" box="[461,618,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. miringoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D60DF8796C97F819" authorityName="Procter" authorityYear="1923" box="[632,762,1938,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mitchelli">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D60DF8796C97F819" box="[632,762,1938,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. mitchelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D77DF8796DEBF819" authorityName="Dunn &amp; Piatt" authorityYear="1936" box="[776,902,1938,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D77DF8796DEBF819" box="[776,902,1938,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D7E1F8796A58F819" authorityName="Pinna, Mendonca, Bocchiglieri &amp; Fernandes" authorityYear="2014" box="[916,1077,1938,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persephone">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D7E1F8796A58F819" box="[916,1077,1938,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. persephone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D036F8796ADDF819" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1964" box="[1091,1200,1938,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roberti">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D036F8796ADDF819" box="[1091,1200,1938,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. roberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D098F8796B00F819" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1902" box="[1261,1389,1938,1965]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D098F8796B00F819" box="[1261,1389,1938,1965]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. silvestrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D4E2F85D6F72F865" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,287,1975,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mertensii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D4E2F85D6F72F865" box="[151,287,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. mertensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5–8),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D506F85D6FB3F865" authorityName="Dumeril &amp; Bibron" authorityYear="1839" box="[371,478,1975,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pretrei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D506F85D6FB3F865" box="[371,478,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. pretrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5–9),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D647F85D6CDFF865" authorityName="Roberto, Brito &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2014" box="[562,690,1974,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="littoralis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D647F85D6CDFF865" box="[562,690,1974,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. littoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5–6),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D773F85D6DFCF865" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[774,913,1975,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignatiana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D773F85D6DFCF865" box="[774,913,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. ignatiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D7D4F85D6A6FF865" baseAuthorityName="Vanzolini" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[929,1026,1974,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kraoh">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D7D4F85D6A6FF865" box="[929,1026,1974,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. kraoh</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D067F85D6A13F865" baseAuthorityName="Castro-Mello" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[1042,1150,1975,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saxosa">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D067F85D6A13F865" box="[1042,1150,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. saxosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D0CBF85D6B21F865" authorityName="Ruthven" authorityYear="1922" box="[1214,1356,1975,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D0CBF85D6B21F865" box="[1214,1356,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. stejnegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D1F1F85D6F6AF841" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D1F1F85D6F6AF841" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. fuliginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6–10), and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB4ED73D5E3F8316C27F841" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1878" box="[406,586,2010,2037]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucocephala">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB4ED73D5E3F8316C27F841" box="[406,586,2010,2037]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="80">A. leucocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(10–13).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF459FF8FFB5ED72D4E2F87D6B05F842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621308" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13621308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621308/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="81" startId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[409,1178,181,1919]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB5ED72D4E2F87D6B05F842" blockId="9.[151,1436,1943,2039]" pageId="9" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB5ED72D4E2F87D6F7EF81A" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Living specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB5ED72D584F87D6C8FF81A" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[497,738,1943,1967]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB5ED72D584F87D6C8FF81A" box="[497,738,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="81">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (A) UFRN-CH 4711, from Serra de Santana, Rio Grande do Norte; (B) UFRN-CH 5143, from Serra das Vacas, Pernambuco (tail was damaged at time of collection); (C) UFRN-CH 6683, from Fazenda Riacho do Navio, Paraíba. Photos taken by Matheus Meira-Ribeiro (A) and Raul Fernandes Dantas Sales (B, C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB6ED71D4B2FF7D6B27FE18" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
Among round-headed amphisbaenians from South America with four precloacal pores (
<tableCitation id="C6B8FACBFFB6ED71D0DFFF7D6B6CFF04" box="[1194,1281,151,177]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,243,453,479]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphological comparisons among four-pored Amphisbaena species from South America. Pores: N = number of precloacal pores; MH = median hiatus (Y = present, N = absent). Head: SL = number of supralabials; IL = number of infralabials; PG = number of postgenial rows; M = pair of enlarged malar scales (Y = present, N = absent); PM = postmalars (Y = present, N = absent). Body and tail: BA = body annuli; LA = lateral annuli; CA = caudal annuli; DS = dorsal segments at midbody annulus; VS = ventral segments at midbody annulus; PeC = precloacal segments; PoC = postcloacal segments; AA = autotomic annulus (N = autotomic site absent); TT = tail tip (R = rounded; LC = laterally compressed; VK = vertically keeled). Max SVL = maximum snout-vent length (in millimeters). Blank cells indicate information not provided by the consulted literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF459FF8FFB7ED70D4E2FE2F69CFFDDA" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" tableUuid="DF459FF8FFB7ED70D4E2FE2F69CFFDDA">Table 3</tableCitation>
), the absence of median hiatus in the series of pores of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D609FF516D65FF60" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[636,776,187,213]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D609FF516D65FF60" box="[636,776,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguishes it from
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D072FF516FCDFF4C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D072FF516AE1FF61" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[1031,1164,187,213]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenaria">A. arenaria</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0ECFF516A91FF60" baseAuthorityName="Vanzolini" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[1177,1276,187,213]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bedai">A. bedai</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D17CFF516B1BFF60" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1897" box="[1289,1398,187,213]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borelli">A. borelli</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FF516F60FF4C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliana">A. brasiliana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D56DFF356FCDFF4C" baseAuthorityName="Strussman &amp; Carvalho" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[280,416,223,249]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuiabana">A. cuiabana</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5A2FF356CE2FF4C" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[471,655,223,249]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5A2FF356CE2FF4C" box="[471,655,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. steindachneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(pores separated by a median hiatus). The presence of 223–249 body annuli distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5F4FEE96C60FEA8" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[385,525,259,285]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5F4FEE96C60FEA8" box="[385,525,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D623FEE96D7FFEA8" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1885" box="[598,786,259,285]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albocingulata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D623FEE96D7FFEA8" box="[598,786,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. albocingulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D757FEE96DA3FEA8" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1861" box="[802,974,259,285]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D757FEE96DA3FEA8" box="[802,974,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7ABFEE96A04FEA8" authorityName="Perez &amp; Borges-Martins" authorityYear="2019" box="[990,1129,259,285]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7ABFEE96A04FEA8" box="[990,1129,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. arenicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D00DFEE96B62FEA9" authorityName="Almeida, Freitas, Silva, Costa-Valverde, Rodrigues, Pires &amp; Mott" authorityYear="2018" box="[1144,1295,259,285]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caetitensis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D00DFEE96B62FEA9" box="[1144,1295,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. caetitensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D16AFEE96BFBFEA9" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1862" box="[1311,1430,259,285]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="camura">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D16AFEE96BFBFEA9" box="[1311,1430,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. camura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FECD6E99FEF5" authorityName="Montero, Safadez, Alvarez" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,244,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cegei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FECD6E99FEF5" box="[151,244,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cegei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D571FECD6FE9FEF4" authorityName="Dumeril &amp; Bibron" authorityYear="1839" box="[260,388,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darwinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D571FECD6FE9FEF4" box="[260,388,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. darwinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5E1FECD6F91FEF4" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1936" box="[404,508,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heathi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5E1FECD6F91FEF4" box="[404,508,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. heathi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D679FECD6CD2FEF4" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1861" box="[524,703,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterozonata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D679FECD6CD2FEF4" box="[524,703,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. heterozonata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6BAFECD6D43FEF4" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1950" box="[719,814,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hogei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6BAFECD6D43FEF4" box="[719,814,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. hogei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D74AFECD6DB7FEF4" authorityName="Costa, Resende, Teixeira, Vechio &amp; Clemente" authorityYear="2015" box="[831,986,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="metallurga">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D74AFECD6DB7FEF4" box="[831,986,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. metallurga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D79FFECD6A1EFEF5" authorityName="Texeira Junior, Dal Vechio, Recoder, Cassimiro, Sena &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2019" box="[1002,1139,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mongoyo">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D79FFECD6A1EFEF5" box="[1002,1139,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. mongoyo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0F7FECD6A95FEF5" authorityName="Klappenbach" authorityYear="1960" box="[1154,1272,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0F7FECD6A95FEF5" box="[1154,1272,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. munoai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D17DFECD6B19FEF5" authorityName="Hoogmoed" authorityYear="1989" box="[1288,1396,295,321]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myersi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D17DFECD6B19FEF5" box="[1288,1396,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. myersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FECD6EA2FED1" authorityName="Perez &amp; Borges-Martins" authorityYear="2019" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FECD6EA2FED1" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4A8FEA16F03FED1" authorityName="Noble" authorityYear="1921" box="[221,366,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pericensis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4A8FEA16F03FED1" box="[221,366,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. pericensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D509FEA16C7EFED0" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[380,531,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prunicolor">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D509FEA16C7EFED0" box="[380,531,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. prunicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D655FEA16CE4FED0" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[544,649,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D655FEA16CE4FED0" box="[544,649,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6E2FEA16C80FED1" authorityName="Lancini" authorityYear="1963" box="[663,749,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rozei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6E2FEA16C80FED1" box="[663,749,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. rozei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D68EFEA16D0FFED0" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1907" box="[763,866,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="slateri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D68EFEA16D0FFED0" box="[763,866,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. slateri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D71AFEA16DB5FED0" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1936" box="[879,984,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="slevini">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D71AFEA16DB5FED0" box="[879,984,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. slevini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D790FEA16A09FED0" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1915" box="[997,1124,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spurrelli">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D790FEA16A09FED0" box="[997,1124,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. spurrelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D007FEA16AB0FED1" authorityName="Perez &amp; Borges-Martins" authorityYear="2019" box="[1138,1245,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tiaraju">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D007FEA16AB0FED1" box="[1138,1245,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. tiaraju</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D09EFEA16B00FED0" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1885" box="[1259,1389,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachura">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D09EFEA16B00FED0" box="[1259,1389,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. trachura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FE856F22FE3C" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1971" box="[151,335,367,393]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tragorrhectes">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FE856F22FE3C" box="[151,335,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. tragorrhectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(body annuli &lt;223), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6CCFE856D57FE3D" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[697,826,367,393]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6CCFE856D57FE3D" box="[697,826,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D73DFE856DCAFE3C" baseAuthorityName="Vanzolini" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[840,935,367,393]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bedai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D73DFE856DCAFE3C" box="[840,935,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. bedai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7C3FE856A53FE3C" baseAuthorityName="Strussman &amp; Carvalho" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[950,1086,367,393]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuiabana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7C3FE856A53FE3C" box="[950,1086,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cuiabana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D038FE856AD2FE3C" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[1101,1215,367,393]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hastata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D038FE856AD2FE3C" box="[1101,1215,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. hastata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0BBFE856B18FE3C" box="[1230,1397,367,393]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0BBFE856B18FE3C" box="[1230,1397,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FE856F54FE18" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1901" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammica">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FE856F54FE18" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. polygrammica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D533FE796F9DFE19" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1994" box="[326,496,403,429]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctaeritae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D533FE796F9DFE19" box="[326,496,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. sanctaeritae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D588FE796CD8FE18" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[509,693,403,429]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D588FE796CD8FE18" box="[509,693,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. steindachneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6B7FE796DFBFE19" authorityName="Mott, Rodrigues &amp; Dos Santos" authorityYear="2009" box="[706,918,403,429]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="supernumeraria">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6B7FE796DFBFE19" box="[706,918,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. supernumeraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7B9FE796A30FE18" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1911" box="[972,1117,403,429]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="townsendi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7B9FE796A30FE18" box="[972,1117,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. townsendi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(body annuli&gt; 256).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB6ED71D4B2FE5D6A7BFD30" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D512FE5D6F9AFE64" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[359,503,439,465]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D512FE5D6F9AFE64" box="[359,503,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses 19–26 caudal annuli, which distinguishes it from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0BAFE5D6B1DFE64" authorityName="Ribeiro, Gomides &amp; Costa" authorityYear="2020" box="[1231,1392,439,465]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acangaoba">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0BAFE5D6B1DFE64" box="[1231,1392,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. acangaoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FE5D6F4FFE40" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1861" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FE5D6F4FFE40" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D547FE316FC2FE40" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1964" box="[306,431,475,501]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D547FE316FC2FE40" box="[306,431,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. bahiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5CAFE316C3EFE40" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[447,595,475,501]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5CAFE316C3EFE40" box="[447,595,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. brasiliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D616FE316C97FE41" authorityName="Almeida, Freitas, Silva, Costa-Valverde, Rodrigues, Pires &amp; Mott" authorityYear="2018" box="[611,762,475,501]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caetitensis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D616FE316C97FE41" box="[611,762,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. caetitensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D77FFE316DEEFE40" authorityName="Gans &amp; Mathers" authorityYear="1977" box="[778,899,475,501]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medemi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D77FFE316DEEFE40" box="[778,899,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. medemi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7E6FE316D90FE40" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[915,1021,475,501]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7E6FE316D90FE40" box="[915,1021,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D04DFE316A9CFE40" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[1080,1265,475,501]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D04DFE316A9CFE40" box="[1080,1265,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. steindachneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(caudal annuli &lt;18), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D528FE156FD9FDAC" authorityName="Rodrigues" authorityYear="2003" box="[349,436,511,537]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arda">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D528FE156FD9FDAC" box="[349,436,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. arda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D584FE156C08FDAC" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[497,613,511,537]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hastata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D584FE156C08FDAC" box="[497,613,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. hastata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(caudal annuli&gt; 30). The autotomic site on 6
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB6ED71D0F3FE146AFEFDB9" attach="left" box="[1158,1171,510,524]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">th</superScript>
to 10
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB6ED71D0AFFE146A8AFDB9" attach="left" box="[1242,1255,510,524]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">th</superScript>
caudal annulus distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D55AFDC96FD4FD88" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[303,441,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D55AFDC96FD4FD88" box="[303,441,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D589FDC96CFBFD88" authorityName="Ribeiro, Gomides &amp; Costa" authorityYear="2020" box="[508,662,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acangaoba">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D589FDC96CFBFD88" box="[508,662,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. acangaoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6D6FDC96C9EFD88" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[675,755,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6D6FDC96C9EFD88" box="[675,755,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D68AFDC96DC5FD88" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1861" box="[767,936,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D68AFDC96DC5FD88" box="[767,936,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7C0FDC96A42FD88" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1964" box="[949,1071,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7C0FDC96A42FD88" box="[949,1071,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. bahiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D04EFDC96AA0FD88" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1083,1229,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliana">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D04EFDC96AA0FD88" box="[1083,1229,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. brasiliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0ACFDC96B03FD89" authorityName="Almeida, Freitas, Silva, Costa-Valverde, Rodrigues, Pires &amp; Mott" authorityYear="2018" box="[1241,1390,547,573]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caetitensis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0ACFDC96B03FD89" box="[1241,1390,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. caetitensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FDAD6F6DFDD4" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,256,583,609]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FDAD6F6DFDD4" box="[151,256,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(absence of autotomic site), from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6F6FDAD6C91FDD4" authorityName="Mertens" authorityYear="1929" box="[643,764,583,609]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivica">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6F6FDAD6C91FDD4" box="[643,764,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. bolivica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D741FDAD6DC4FDD5" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1862" box="[820,937,583,609]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="camura">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D741FDAD6DC4FDD5" box="[820,937,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. camura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(autotomic site on 3
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB6ED71D0E5FDAC6AF3FDE1" attach="left" box="[1168,1182,582,596]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">rd</superScript>
to 5
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB6ED71D0A5FDAC6AB0FDE1" attach="left" box="[1232,1245,582,596]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">th</superScript>
caudal annulus), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D571FD816F18FD30" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[260,373,619,645]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hastata">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D571FD816F18FD30" box="[260,373,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. hastata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5D9FD816C64FD30" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1950" box="[428,521,619,645]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hogei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5D9FD816C64FD30" box="[428,521,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. hogei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(autotomic site on 12
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB6ED71D68BFD806D66FDCD" attach="left" box="[766,779,618,632]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">th</superScript>
to 16
<superScript id="7C4F6238FFB6ED71D73FFD806D3AFDCD" attach="left" box="[842,855,618,632]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">th</superScript>
caudal annulus).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB6ED71D4B2FD656C88FC34" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
In possessing 12–14 dorsal segments at midbody annuli,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D705FD656A6DFD1C" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[880,1024,655,681]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D705FD656A6DFD1C" box="[880,1024,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can also be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FD656F7EFD78" authorityName="Ribeiro, Gomides &amp; Costa" authorityYear="2020" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acangaoba">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FD656F7EFD78" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. acangaoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D555FD596F02FD78" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[288,367,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D555FD596F02FD78" box="[288,367,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D50EFD596C49FD78" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1861" box="[379,548,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D50EFD596C49FD78" box="[379,548,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D645FD596CEFFD78" authorityName="Rodrigues" authorityYear="2003" box="[560,642,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arda">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D645FD596CEFFD78" box="[560,642,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. arda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6FBFD596C87FD78" baseAuthorityName="Vanzolini" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[654,746,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bedai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6FBFD596C87FD78" box="[654,746,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. bedai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D683FD596A66FD78" box="[758,1035,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D683FD596D1CFD78" authorityName="Mertens" authorityYear="1929" box="[758,881,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivica">A. bolivica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D70FFD596A66FD78" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[890,1035,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliana">A. brasiliana</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D062FD596AE6FD79" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1862" box="[1047,1163,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="camura">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D062FD596AE6FD79" box="[1047,1163,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. camura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0E3FD596A82FD79" authorityName="Montero, Safadez, Alvarez" authorityYear="1997" box="[1174,1263,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cegei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0E3FD596A82FD79" box="[1174,1263,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cegei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D08EFD596BF8FD78" authorityName="Oliveira, Vaz-Silva, Santos-Jr, Graboski, Teixeira Jr, Dal Vechio &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2018" box="[1275,1429,691,717]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoogmoedi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D08EFD596BF8FD78" box="[1275,1429,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. hoogmoedi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FD3D6F68FD45" authorityName="Hoogmoed" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,261,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myersi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FD3D6F68FD45" box="[151,261,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. myersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D560FD3D6FD2FD44" box="[277,447,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D560FD3D6FD2FD44" box="[277,447,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5A5FD3D6C3EFD44" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1872" box="[464,595,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plumbea">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5A5FD3D6C3EFD44" box="[464,595,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. plumbea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D611FD3D6D45FD44" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1901" box="[612,808,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammica">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D611FD3D6D45FD44" box="[612,808,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. polygrammica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D74CFD3D6DC8FD44" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[825,933,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D74CFD3D6DC8FD44" box="[825,933,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7C3FD3D6A62FD45" authorityName="Lancini" authorityYear="1963" box="[950,1039,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rozei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7C3FD3D6A62FD45" box="[950,1039,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. rozei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D055FD3D6ACCFD44" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1915" box="[1056,1185,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spurrelli">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D055FD3D6ACCFD44" box="[1056,1185,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. spurrelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0C6FD3D6B2AFD44" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1911" box="[1203,1351,727,753]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="townsendi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0C6FD3D6B2AFD44" box="[1203,1351,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. townsendi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FD3D6F48FCA0" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vermicularis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FD3D6F48FCA0" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vermicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dorsal segments&gt; 14), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6E8FD116D5BFCA0" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1966" box="[669,822,763,789]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricauda">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6E8FD116D5BFCA0" box="[669,822,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. nigricauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D71CFD116A7CFCA1" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1994" box="[873,1041,763,789]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctaeritae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D71CFD116A7CFCA1" box="[873,1041,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. sanctaeritae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dorsal segments &lt;12). Finally, the 16–20 ventral segments at midbody annuli distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D764FCF56DF7FC8C" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[785,922,799,825]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D764FCF56DF7FC8C" box="[785,922,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7ABFCF56A42FC8C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[990,1071,799,825]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7ABFCF56A42FC8C" box="[990,1071,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D049FCF56AE3FC8C" authorityName="Rodrigues" authorityYear="2003" box="[1084,1166,799,825]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arda">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D049FCF56AE3FC8C" box="[1084,1166,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. arda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0EEFCF56B79FC8C" authorityName="Mertens" authorityYear="1929" box="[1179,1300,799,825]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivica">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0EEFCF56B79FC8C" box="[1179,1300,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. bolivica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D154FCF56BFBFC8D" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1862" box="[1313,1430,799,825]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="camura">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D154FCF56BFBFC8D" box="[1313,1430,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. camura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FCA96F53FCE8" box="[151,318,835,861]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FCA96F53FCE8" box="[151,318,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D539FCA96C63FCE8" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1901" box="[332,526,835,861]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygrammica">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D539FCA96C63FCE8" box="[332,526,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. polygrammica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D633FCA96CBAFCE8" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1911" box="[582,727,835,861]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="townsendi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D633FCA96CBAFCE8" box="[582,727,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. townsendi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ventral segments&gt; 21), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D012FCA96AD3FCE9" authorityName="Lancini" authorityYear="1963" box="[1127,1214,835,861]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rozei">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D012FCA96AD3FCE9" box="[1127,1214,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. rozei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0B9FCA96B1BFCE9" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1994" box="[1228,1398,835,861]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctaeritae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0B9FCA96B1BFCE9" box="[1228,1398,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. sanctaeritae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FCA96E8DFC34" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1936" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="slevini">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FCA96E8DFC34" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. slevini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D562FC8D6FA3FC34" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1971" box="[279,462,871,897]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tragorrhectes">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D562FC8D6FA3FC34" box="[279,462,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. tragorrhectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ventral segments &lt;15).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB6ED71D4B2FC616B33F908" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
The only species that cannot be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D775FC616DE4FC10" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[768,905,907,933]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D775FC616DE4FC10" box="[768,905,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by any of the abovementioned characters are
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FC616E8EFC7C" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FC616E8EFC7C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D484FC456FFDFC7C" authorityName="Torres-Ramirez, Angarita-Sierra &amp; Vargas-Ramirez" authorityYear="2021" box="[241,400,943,969]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D484FC456FFDFC7C" box="[241,400,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. elbakyanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5E8FC456C77FC7C" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[413,538,943,969]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5E8FC456C77FC7C" box="[413,538,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D65DFC456CF0FC7C" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[552,669,943,969]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D65DFC456CF0FC7C" box="[552,669,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6DFFC456D76FC7C" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1995" box="[682,795,943,969]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talisiae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6DFFC456D76FC7C" box="[682,795,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. talisiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D726FC456D8DFC7C" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1963" box="[851,992,943,969]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D726FC456D8DFC7C" box="[851,992,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These six species can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4A2FC396F09FC58" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[215,356,979,1005]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4A2FC396F09FC58" box="[215,356,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a combination of other characters, as detailed next (divergent values from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D085FC396B10FC58" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[1264,1405,979,1005]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D085FC396B10FC58" box="[1264,1405,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses).
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D547FC1D6C50FBA4" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[306,573,1015,1041]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D547FC1D6C50FBA4" box="[306,573,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a small amphisbaenid, reaching up to
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB6ED71D078FC1C6AEDFBA4" box="[1037,1152,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.685" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="168.5">168.5 mm</quantity>
SVL, being smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FBF16F69FB80" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,260,1051,1077]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FBF16F69FB80" box="[151,260,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum SVL
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB6ED71D5BAFBF16C5FFB80" box="[463,562,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.46" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="246.0">246 mm</quantity>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D632FBF16C85FB80" authorityName="Torres-Ramirez, Angarita-Sierra &amp; Vargas-Ramirez" authorityYear="2021" box="[583,744,1051,1077]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D632FBF16C85FB80" box="[583,744,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. elbakyanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum SVL
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB6ED71D7C4FBF16A79FB80" box="[945,1044,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.37" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="237.0">237 mm</quantity>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D05CFBF16AC5FB80" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[1065,1192,1051,1077]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D05CFBF16AC5FB80" box="[1065,1192,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum SVL
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB6ED71D107FBF16EA9FBEC" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.83" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="283.0">283 mm</quantity>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D572FBD56F12FBEC" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[263,383,1087,1113]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D572FBD56F12FBEC" box="[263,383,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum SVL
<quantity id="4CC26295FFB6ED71D63CFBD46CC0FBEC" box="[585,685,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="252.0">252 mm</quantity>
). The presence of three supralabials, first and second subequal to each other, third the smallest, distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6FEFB896D7AFBC8" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[651,791,1123,1149]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6FEFB896D7AFBC8" box="[651,791,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D715FB896DA0FBC8" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" box="[864,973,1123,1149]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D715FB896DA0FBC8" box="[864,973,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(second and third supralabials distinctly smaller than the first one) and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D59DFB6D6C19FB14" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1963" box="[488,628,1159,1185]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D59DFB6D6C19FB14" box="[488,628,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(only two supralabials). The presence of three infralabials, second by far the largest, distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5C0FB416C2DFB70" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[437,576,1195,1221]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5C0FB416C2DFB70" box="[437,576,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6F3FB416C9FFB70" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" box="[646,754,1195,1221]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6F3FB416C9FFB70" box="[646,754,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(first and second infralabials subequal to each other) and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1FB416F68FB5C" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1963" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1FB416F68FB5C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(only two infralabials). The prefrontal suture distinctly longer that frontal and nasal sutures distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FB196F4EFAB8" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,291,1267,1293]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FB196F4EFAB8" box="[151,291,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D519FB196FB4FAB8" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" box="[364,473,1267,1293]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D519FB196FB4FAB8" box="[364,473,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D661FB196CCEFAB8" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1963" box="[532,675,1267,1293]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D661FB196CCEFAB8" box="[532,675,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(nasal suture longer than prefrontal and frontal sutures), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D4E2FAFD6F75FA84" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,280,1303,1329]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4E2FAFD6F75FA84" box="[151,280,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(frontal suture slightly longer than prefrontal suture). The presence of one pair of enlarged malars distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D544FAD16FD1FAE0" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[305,444,1339,1365]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D544FAD16FD1FAE0" box="[305,444,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D674FAD16CCDFAE0" authorityName="Torres-Ramirez, Angarita-Sierra &amp; Vargas-Ramirez" authorityYear="2021" box="[513,672,1339,1365]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D674FAD16CCDFAE0" box="[513,672,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. elbakyanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6DAFAD16D48FAE0" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[687,805,1339,1365]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6DAFAD16D48FAE0" box="[687,805,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D729FAD16D84FAE0" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1963" box="[860,1001,1339,1365]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D729FAD16D84FAE0" box="[860,1001,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(malar scales absent). The postgenials commonly in two rows of two and three scales, or rarely in two rows of three scales, two rows of three and four scales, or one row of two or three scales distinguish
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D770FA696DFEFA28" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[773,915,1411,1437]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D770FA696DFEFA28" box="[773,915,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D7AAFA696A20FA28" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" box="[991,1101,1411,1437]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D7AAFA696A20FA28" box="[991,1101,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a single row of postgenials with two or three scales),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D5CAFA4D6C32FA74" authorityName="Torres-Ramirez, Angarita-Sierra &amp; Vargas-Ramirez" authorityYear="2021" box="[447,607,1447,1473]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D5CAFA4D6C32FA74" box="[447,607,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. elbakyanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a single row of postgenials with four scales),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D003FA4D6A99FA74" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[1142,1268,1447,1473]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D003FA4D6A99FA74" box="[1142,1268,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(three rows of postgenials or two rows with four and five scales),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6BAFA216D29FA50" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[719,836,1483,1509]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6BAFA216D29FA50" box="[719,836,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(two rows of postgenials with four and seven or eight scales),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D481FA056F0AF9BC" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1995" box="[244,359,1519,1545]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talisiae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D481FA056F0AF9BC" box="[244,359,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. talisiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a single row of postgenials usually with two scales, rarely three), and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D0D4FA056B5CF9BC" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1963" box="[1185,1329,1519,1545]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D0D4FA056B5CF9BC" box="[1185,1329,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a single row of postgenials with three scales). The absence of postmalars distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D059F9F96AD4F998" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[1068,1209,1555,1581]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D059F9F96AD4F998" box="[1068,1209,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D171F9F96B1EF998" authorityName="Hoogmoed &amp; Avila" authorityYear="1991" box="[1284,1395,1555,1581]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cunhai">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D171F9F96B1EF998" box="[1284,1395,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. cunhai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D1F1F9F96F7AF9E4" authorityName="Torres-Ramirez, Angarita-Sierra &amp; Vargas-Ramirez" authorityYear="2021" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D1F1F9F96F7AF9E4" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. elbakyanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D53BF9DD6FA9F9E4" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[334,452,1591,1617]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D53BF9DD6FA9F9E4" box="[334,452,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(postmalars present). Finally, the dorsal ground color cream in preservative (pinkish in life) with center of segments brown, and venter immaculate cream, distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D059F9B16ADAF9C0" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[1068,1207,1627,1653]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D059F9B16ADAF9C0" box="[1068,1207,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D088F9B16BF0F9C0" authorityName="Torres-Ramirez, Angarita-Sierra &amp; Vargas-Ramirez" authorityYear="2021" box="[1277,1437,1627,1653]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D088F9B16BF0F9C0" box="[1277,1437,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. elbakyanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dorsal and ventral surfaces homogeneously dark brown or dark-brown-reddish),
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D045F9956AC3F92C" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1991" box="[1072,1198,1663,1689]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D045F9956AC3F92C" box="[1072,1198,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dorsal ground color dark brown with center of segments darker), and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6CBF9496D59F908" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1881" box="[702,820,1699,1725]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6CBF9496D59F908" box="[702,820,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dorsal and ventral surfaces dark-purplish color).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85CF70FFB6ED71D4B2F92C6D3DF820" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D4B2F92C6CE1F955" bold="true" box="[199,652,1734,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Geographic distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D6E2F92D6DC8F954" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[663,933,1735,1761]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6E2F92D6DC8F954" box="[663,933,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Amphisbaena carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from
<collectingCounty id="62E4B7FCFFB6ED71D012F92D6A95F954" box="[1127,1272,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Northeastern</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry id="F32D8FE0FFB6ED71D176F92D6B27F954" box="[1283,1354,1735,1761]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, in the states of
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFB6ED71D489F9016F80F8B0" box="[252,493,1771,1797]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Norte" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Rio Grande do Norte</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFB6ED71D58DF9016C22F8B0" box="[504,591,1771,1797]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Paraíba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFB6ED71D62EF9016C87F8B0" box="[603,746,1771,1797]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFB6ED71D681F9016D3DF8B0" box="[756,848,1771,1797]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49FE0192FFB6ED71D7F2F9016DB1F8B0" box="[903,988,1771,1797]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Sergipe</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="1301D3F5FFB6ED71D799F9016A5CF8B0" box="[1004,1073,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[197,1395,185,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@7.[193,1395,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution map of literature records Amphisbaena carvalhoi (black circles), literature records of A. lumbricalis (white circles), and new records presented in this study. Locality names are in Table 1. Acronyms: CE—Ceará state; RN—Rio Grande do Norte state; PB = Paraíba state; PE: Pernambuco state; AL = Alagoas state; SE = Sergipe state; BA = Bahia state." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621304/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1550AFFB6ED71D032F9016A35F8B0" box="[1095,1112,1771,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">It</collectingMunicipality>
has been recorded mostly in the
<location id="8EE599ABFFB6ED71D4B4F8E56F1AF89C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFB6ED71D4B4F8E56F1AF89C" box="[193,375,1807,1833]" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" municipality="It" name="Caatinga region" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Norte">Caatinga region</location>
, both in lowlands and altitudinal areas, but also occurs in transitional areas
<locationDeviation id="9A37D652FFB6ED71D0A6F8E56F1DF8F8" firstLocation="Caatinga" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" secondLocation="Atlantic Forest">between Caatinga and Atlantic Forest</locationDeviation>
, and in the
<location id="8EE599ABFFB6ED71D585F8D96CFAF8F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFB6ED71D585F8D96CFAF8F8" box="[496,663,1843,1869]" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" municipality="It" name="Atlantic Forest" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Norte">Atlantic Forest</location>
(
<figureCitation id="1301D3F5FFB6ED71D6D2F8D96C81F8F8" box="[679,748,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[197,1395,185,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@7.[193,1395,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution map of literature records Amphisbaena carvalhoi (black circles), literature records of A. lumbricalis (white circles), and new records presented in this study. Locality names are in Table 1. Acronyms: CE—Ceará state; RN—Rio Grande do Norte state; PB = Paraíba state; PE: Pernambuco state; AL = Alagoas state; SE = Sergipe state; BA = Bahia state." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621304/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
<location id="8EE599ABFFB6ED71D774F8D96D1BF8F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03937E66FFBAED71D4E2FB1E6D3DF820:8EE599ABFFB6ED71D774F8D96D1BF8F8" box="[769,886,1843,1869]" country="Brazil" county="Northeastern" municipality="It" name="Regarding" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Norte">Regarding</location>
soil
<typeStatus id="548171D2FFB6ED71D7D8F8D96D86F8F8" box="[941,1003,1843,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">types</typeStatus>
, the species occurs in areas dominated by luvisols, neosols, planosols and argisols (
<figureCitation id="1301D3F5FFB6ED71D6E9F8BD6C89F8C4" box="[668,740,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[197,1395,185,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@7.[193,1395,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution map of literature records Amphisbaena carvalhoi (black circles), literature records of A. lumbricalis (white circles), and new records presented in this study. Locality names are in Table 1. Acronyms: CE—Ceará state; RN—Rio Grande do Norte state; PB = Paraíba state; PE: Pernambuco state; AL = Alagoas state; SE = Sergipe state; BA = Bahia state." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13621304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13621304/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Locally, the occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AB4F3FFB6ED71D043F8BD6AA9F8C4" authorityName="Gans" authorityYear="1965" box="[1078,1220,1879,1905]" class="Squamata" family="Amphisbaenidae" genus="Amphisbaena" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D043F8BD6AA9F8C4" box="[1078,1220,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">A. carvalhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be more associated with sandy soil microhabitats (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABB281FFB6ED71D61CF8916D29F820" author="Tavares, A. P. G. &amp; Carvalho, J. J. S. &amp; Ribeiro, L. B." box="[617,836,1915,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="82" pagination="19 - 22" refId="ref14561" refString="Tavares, A. P. G., Carvalho, J. J. S. &amp; Ribeiro, L. B. (2017) First record of Amphisbaena lumbricalis (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil: including a distribution map and soil classification of its occurrence. Herpetology Notes, 10, 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="2017">
Tavares
<emphasis id="B94E1362FFB6ED71D6BDF8916D6DF820" box="[712,768,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="82">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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