1346 lines
204 KiB
XML
1346 lines
204 KiB
XML
<document id="BE876832EC1C6E0A8F6D346EE8B34013" ID-CLB-Dataset="7849" ID-DOI="10.1093/mspecies/sev013" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58ec2bba-b98f-4df8-8507-efa9bec7b5e9" ID-ISSN="1545-1410" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4573343" ID-ZooBank="CC9A1160-F940-48C1-9ABD-83D230901979" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614693785732" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bezerra, Alexandra M. R. & Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J." docDate="2016" docId="03930118FFE3FFA65A8CC4D9FABDFEA2" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpecies.48.930.1-9.pdf" docOrigin="Mammalian Species 48 (930)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/sev013" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E260F2FEBB038053A7447521347BED36.4:MammalSpecies.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="E260F2FEBB038053A7447521347BED36" docStyleName="MammalSpecies.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Kunsia tomentosus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFAA7960FFE3FFA05A47C003FF90FFC0" masterDocTitle="Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1698931708808" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="CD7AF5253088988A781F5683BCEBCC25">Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E4053F146C47D3BD3DD4BF7BC230B52C">Bezerra, Alexandra M. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="549C4B01F72DAD125F68E0C3E36A69B7">Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="796BDAD445A408121B276C8650652436">Mammalian Species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="639F9E130D905B45C10A97BFC9FCCD3D">
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<mods:date id="CE0990445C887C110A5A3ABD45CBDC39">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EDD777585063CD1075C16ABD0C72E874">2016-01-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8DE4F4F892FDA5C3375B0804E9560EDB">48</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="968BD881448A403878F7A392462AF9CD">930</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D103A4DBD7272E74FC7F940216AD9B3C" type="DOI">10.1093/mspecies/sev013</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03930118FFE3FFA65A8CC4D9FABDFEA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588930" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180301612" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4588930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03930118FFE3FFA65A8CC4D9FABDFEA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03930118FFE3FFA65A8CC4D9FABDFEA2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE3FFA05A8CC4D9FD2AFB34" box="[203,698,1242,1268]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A8CC4D9FD2AFB34" blockId="0.[203,698,1242,1303]" box="[203,698,1242,1268]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<heading id="D0CD0762FFE3FFA05A8CC4D9FD2AFB34" bold="true" box="[203,698,1242,1268]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A8CC4D9FD2AFB34" authority="(Litchtenstein, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Litchtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[203,698,1242,1268]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A8CC4D9FD2AFB34" bold="true" box="[203,698,1242,1268]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A8CC4D9FE21FB34" bold="true" box="[203,433,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Litchtenstein, 1830)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE3FFA05B36C4FEFDAFFAD7" box="[369,575,1277,1303]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05B36C4FEFDAFFAD7" blockId="0.[203,698,1242,1303]" box="[369,575,1277,1303]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Woolly Giant Rat</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE3FFA15A2AC537FEAEFE02" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC537FC88FA6B" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC537FD93FA8B" authority="Lichtenstein, 1830" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1830" box="[109,515,1332,1355]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC537FEB3FA8B" box="[109,291,1332,1355]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mus tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05B74C537FD93FA8B" author="LICHTENSTEIN, H." box="[307,515,1332,1355]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="ref7502" refString="LICHTENSTEIN, H. 1830. Darstellungen neuer oder wenig bekannte Saugethiere Abbildungen und Beschreibungen von funf und sechzig Arten und funtzig colorirten Steindrucktafeln nach den Originalen des Zoologischen Museum der Universitat zu Berlin. C. G. Luderitz, Berlin, unpaginated text belonging to 50 plates." type="book" year="1830">Lichtenstein, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:plate 33, figure 1, and unnumbered text page.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE3FFA05BD8C557FE44FAAB" box="[415,468,1364,1387]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality “waldigen Gegenden am
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE3FFA05A83C577FEB1FA4B" box="[196,289,1396,1419]" name="Uruguay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
entdeckt,
|
||
<quote id="F9C5471CFFE3FFA05BCEC577FD60FA4B" box="[393,752,1396,1419]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">” country unknown; restricted to “</quote>
|
||
Rio
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE3FFA05ADAC597FF6AFA6B" box="[157,250,1428,1451]" name="Uruguay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE3FFA05BE4C597FE76FA6B" box="[419,486,1428,1451]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
” by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05853C597FC84FA6B" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[532,788,1428,1451]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz (1966:120)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC5B7FDEBFA0B" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" box="[109,635,1460,1483]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC5B7FE5AFA0B" authority="Lund, 1839: 208" authorityName="Lund" authorityPageNumber="208" authorityYear="1839" box="[109,458,1460,1483]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC5B7FE86FA0B" box="[109,278,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mus principalis</emphasis>
|
||
Lund, 1839:208
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nomen nudum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC5D7FA64F9BD" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC5D7FD8BFA2B" authority="Lund, 1840" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1840" box="[109,539,1492,1515]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC5D7FE87FA2B" box="[109,279,1492,1515]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mus principalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05B59C5D7FE0AFA2B" author="LUND, P. W." box="[286,410,1492,1515]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref7552" refString="LUND, P. W. 1840. Tillaeg til de to sidste Afhandlinger over Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Lagoa Santa, den 4 de April 1839. Kongelige Danske Videnskaberns Selskabs Naturvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandling 3: 1 - 24, 3 pls. [Preprint of Lund, P. W. 1841.]" type="book chapter" year="1840">Lund, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05BEDC5D7FD84FA2B" author="LUND, P. W." box="[426,532,1492,1515]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="273 - 296" refId="ref7611" refString="LUND, P. W. 1841. Blik paa Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Tillaeg til de to sidste Afhandlinger over Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Lagoa Santa, den 4 de April 1839. Kongelige Danske Videnskaberns Selskabs Naturvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandling 8: 273 - 296, pls. 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1841">1841:276</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE3FFA05861C5D7FDCBFA2B" box="[550,603,1492,1515]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
<quote id="F9C5471CFFE3FFA058FDC5D7FECDF9CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">“Rio das Velhas’s Floddal”</quote>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05B28C5F7FD86F9CB" author="LUND, P. W." box="[367,534,1524,1547]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="273 - 296" refId="ref7611" refString="LUND, P. W. 1841. Blik paa Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Tillaeg til de to sidste Afhandlinger over Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Lagoa Santa, den 4 de April 1839. Kongelige Danske Videnskaberns Selskabs Naturvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandling 8: 273 - 296, pls. 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1841">Lund 1841:292</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but listed as
|
||
<quote id="F9C5471CFFE3FFA058F3C5F7FECFF9EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">“Lapa da Escrivania Nr. 5”</quote>
|
||
(according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA0584DC617FD27F9EB" author="WINGE, H." box="[522,695,1556,1579]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge 1887:42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a cave excavated by P. W. Lund near Lagoa Santa,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE3FFA058C1C637FF45F9AB" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minas Gerais State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE3FFA05AA7C657FEB5F9AB" box="[224,293,1620,1643]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA0590DC649FC01F99F" bold="true" box="[842,913,1610,1631]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
—An adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05E55C649FB5FF99F" baseAuthorityName="Litchtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1042,1231,1610,1631]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05E55C649FB5FF99F" box="[1042,1231,1610,1631]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sex unknown) obtained in a mark-release study carried out about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE3FFA05E9EC66BFA9EF9BD" box="[1241,1294,1640,1661]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
S Los Fierros, Parque
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC677FA65F977" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A31C677FC84F94B" authority="" authorityName=": Peters" authorityPageNumber="135" authorityYear="1861" box="[118,788,1652,1675]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hesperomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Scapteromys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A31C677FF69F94B" box="[118,249,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hesperomys</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05B53C677FE0BF94B" box="[276,411,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
)]
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05B87C677FDA8F94B" box="[448,568,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05815C677FC84F94B" author="PETERS, W." box="[594,788,1652,1675]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="139 - 156" refId="ref8420" refString="PETERS, W. 1861. Uber einige merkwurdige Nagethiere (Spalacomys indicus, Mus tomentosus und Mus squamipes) des Konigl. zoologischen Museums. Physilakische Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1860: 139 - 156 + 2 pls." type="book chapter" year="1861">Peters, 1861:135</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE3FFA05ECFC686FAFAF95A" box="[1160,1386,1669,1690]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE3FFA05F35C686FA2BF95A" box="[1394,1467,1669,1690]" name="Bolivia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Used Name combination. with permission of the collector and photographer, Louise H. Emmons.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC6B7FC85F90B" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" box="[109,789,1716,1739]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC6B7FDA8F90B" authority=": Fitzinger, 1867: 80" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1867" box="[109,568,1716,1739]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Habrothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC6B7FEF3F90B" box="[109,355,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habrothrix tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05B36C6B7FDA8F90B" author="FITZINGER, L. J." box="[369,568,1716,1739]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="57 - 168" refId="ref7116" refString="FITZINGER, L. J. 1867. Versuch einer naturlichen Anordnug der Nagethiere (Rodentia). Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 16: 57 - 168." type="journal article" year="1867">Fitzinger, 1867:80</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Name combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC6D7FC97F92B" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" box="[109,775,1748,1771]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC6D7FDB9F92B" authority=": Winge, 1887: 42" authorityName=": Winge" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1887" box="[109,553,1748,1771]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC6D7FEFFF92B" box="[109,367,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scapteromys principalis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05B3BC6D7FDB9F92B" author="WINGE, H." box="[380,553,1748,1771]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge, 1887:42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Name combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC6F7FB33F8F1" blockId="0.[109,1525,1332,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC6F7FD24F8CB" authority=": Trouessart, 1897: 534" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityPageNumber="534" authorityYear="1897" box="[109,692,1780,1803]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC6F7FE1DF8CB" box="[109,397,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scapteromys tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05BF2C6F7FD24F8CB" author="TROUESSART, E. - L." box="[437,692,1780,1803]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="ref8956" refString="TROUESSART, E. - L. 1897. Catalogus Mammalium tam viventium quam fossilium. Fasciculus I. Rodentia. R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, Germany." type="book" year="1897">Trouessart, 1897:534</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA0590FC6F9FA7FF8D1" authority="principalis: Massoia and Fornes" authorityName="Massoia and Fornes" box="[840,1519,1786,1809]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="principalis" subSpecies="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA0590FC6F9FB70F8D1" box="[840,1248,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scapteromys principalis principalis</emphasis>
|
||
: Massoia and Fornes
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, combination 1965:4. Name combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE3FFA05A2AC737FA63F891" blockId="0.[109,1523,1844,2000]" box="[109,1523,1844,1873]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA05A2AC737FD41F88B" authority="Miranda Ribeiro, 1914: 37" authorityName="Miranda Ribeiro" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1914" box="[109,721,1844,1867]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA05A2AC737FE08F88B" box="[109,408,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scapteromys gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE3FFA05BE0C737FD41F88B" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[423,721,1844,1867]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro, 1914:37</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE3FFA058A4C737FC88F88B" box="[739,792,1844,1867]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE3FFA0590FC739FA7FF891" authority=": Massoia and Fornes" authorityName="Massoia and Fornes" box="[840,1519,1850,1873]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="principalis" subSpecies="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE3FFA0590FC739FB63F891" box="[840,1267,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scapteromys principalis gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
: Massoia and Fornes
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15A2AC0C8FEBAFEC2" blockId="1.[109,792,203,450]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC0C8FD59FF22" authority="tomentosus: Hershkovitz, 1966: 119" authorityName="tomentosus: Hershkovitz" authorityPageNumber="119" authorityYear="1966" box="[109,713,203,226]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tomentosus" subSpecies="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A2AC0C8FE2DFF22" box="[109,445,203,226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia tomentosus tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B88C0C8FD59FF22" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[463,713,203,226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz, 1966:119</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Name combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15A2AC108FE83FE82" blockId="1.[109,792,203,450]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC108FD0BFEE2" authority=": Hershkovitz, 1966: 119" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityPageNumber="119" authorityYear="1966" box="[109,667,267,290]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A2AC108FE06FEE2" box="[109,406,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Scapteromys gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15BE2C108FD0BFEE2" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[421,667,267,290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz, 1966:119</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Correction of ligature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15A2AC148FE1BFE42" blockId="1.[109,792,203,450]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC148FD41FEA2" authority=": Hershkovitz, 1966: 121" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="1966" box="[109,721,331,354]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tomentosus" subSpecies="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A2AC148FE50FEA2" box="[109,448,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia tomentosus principalis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B92C148FD41FEA2" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[469,721,331,354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz, 1966:121</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, plate 8. Name combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15A2AC188FEAEFE02" blockId="1.[109,792,203,450]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC188FC85FE62" authority=": Hershkovitz, 1966: 122" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityPageNumber="122" authorityYear="1966" box="[109,789,395,418]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tomentosus" subSpecies="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A2AC188FE6FFE62" box="[109,511,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Scapteromys tomentosus principalis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15852C188FC85FE62" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[533,789,395,418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz, 1966:122</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lapsus calami.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE2FFA15A2AC1E2FD4CFCF8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15A2AC1E2FD4CFCF8" blockId="1.[109,793,481,824]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
CONTEXT AND CONTENT. Order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15B86C1E2FDB1FE38" box="[449,545,481,504]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rodentia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suborder
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA158D6C1E2FC85FE38" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" box="[657,789,481,504]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Myomorpha">Myomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
, superfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15B54C202FEEAFDD8" box="[275,378,513,536]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Muroidea">Muroidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
, family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15851C202FD13FDD8" box="[534,643,513,536]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cricetidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC222FE9CFDF8" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1843" box="[109,268,545,568]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sigmodontinae">Sigmodontinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15B0DC222FE53FDF8" box="[330,451,545,568]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Akodontini">Akodontini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two subspecies have been traditionally recognized (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B78C242FE65FD98" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[319,501,577,600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA1584DC242FF32FDB8" authority="tomentosus" authorityName="tomentosus: Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tomentosus" subSpecies="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1584DC242FF32FDB8" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia tomentosus tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, occurs throughout most of the distribution of the species, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC282FEE4FD58" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[109,372,641,664]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tomentosus" subSpecies="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A2AC282FEE4FD58" box="[109,372,641,664]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K. tomentosus principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, restricted to Lagoa Santa,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE2FFA158CAC282FF33FD78" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Minas Gerais State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE2FFA15AEBC2A2FF7EFD78" box="[172,238,673,696]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In a direct examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE2FFA15863C2A2FDC1FD78" box="[548,593,673,696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">type</typeStatus>
|
||
materials and additional specimens,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B6AC2C2FD83FD18" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[301,531,705,728]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that this subspecific arrangement is weakly supported and differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A2AC302FF71FCD8" authorityName=": Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[109,225,769,792]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A2AC302FF71FCD8" box="[109,225,769,792]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15B50C302FE17FCD8" authorityName=": Winge" authorityYear="1887" box="[279,391,769,792]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15B50C302FE17FCD8" box="[279,391,769,792]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be individual or age variability. More work is needed on these taxa to solidify the taxonomy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE2FFA15A2AC352FEFAF948" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15A2AC352FD96FAE8" blockId="1.[109,793,849,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
NOMENCLATURAL NOTES.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15BCFC352FE42FCA8" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[392,466,849,872]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15BCFC352FE42FCA8" box="[392,466,849,872]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
traditionally has included 2 species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A8BC372FE4BFC48" authority="(Winge, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Winge" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[204,475,881,904]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fronto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15A8BC372FEA0FC48" box="[204,304,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K. fronto</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B02C372FE42FC48" author="WINGE, H." box="[325,466,881,904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA1585DC372FED0FC68" authority="(Musser and Carleton 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Musser and Carleton" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1585DC372FD25FC48" box="[538,693,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Musser and Carleton 2005)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, the genus was recently reviewed and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15ADDC3B2FF49FC08" baseAuthorityName="Winge" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[154,217,945,968]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fronto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15ADDC3B2FF49FC08" box="[154,217,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">fronto</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was assigned to a new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA1585BC3B2FEF6FC28" authority="Pardinas, D'Elia, and Teta, 2009" authorityName="Pardinas, D'Elia, and Teta" authorityYear="2009" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Gyldenstolpia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1585BC3B2FD20FC08" box="[540,688,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Gyldenstolpia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA158F0C3B2FEF6FC28" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas, D’Elía, and Teta, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15BE4C3D2FDEDFC28" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[419,637,977,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Pardiñas and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15A2AC3F2FE93FBC8" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R." box="[109,259,1009,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref6478" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R. 2015. Genus Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966. Pp. 228 - 231 in Mammals of South America, volume 2 - rodents (J. L. Patton, U. F. J. Pardinas, and G. D'Elia, eds.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." type="book" year="2015">Bezerra 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15BE3C3F2FE7EFBC8" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[420,494,1009,1032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15BE3C3F2FE7EFBC8" box="[420,494,1009,1032]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was previously placed in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15A9CC412FEE8FBE8" authorityName="Massoia" authorityYear="1979" box="[219,376,1041,1064]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Scapteromyini">Scapteromyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a group derived from the informal Scapteromyine of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B7DC432FD9DFB88" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[314,525,1073,1096]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, together with the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15ADDC452FF7FFBA8" box="[154,239,1105,1128]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Bibimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15ADDC452FF7FFBA8" box="[154,239,1105,1128]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Bibimys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15B69C452FE24FBA8" box="[302,436,1105,1128]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15B69C452FE24FBA8" box="[302,436,1105,1128]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B8EC452FD1AFBA8" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[457,650,1105,1128]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA158D9C452FC81FBA8" author="REIG, O. A." box="[670,785,1105,1128]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref8464" refString="REIG, O. A. 1972. The evolutionary history of the South American cricetid rodents. Ph. D. dissertation, College University, London, United Kingdom." type="book" year="1972">Reig 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15A2AC472FE92FB48" author="MASSOIA, E." box="[109,258,1137,1160]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref7725" refString="MASSOIA, E. 1979. Descripcion de un genero y especie nuevos: Bibimys torresi (Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae - Sigmodontinae - Scapteromyini). Physis 38: 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1979">Massoia 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B57C472FE37FB48" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J." box="[272,423,1137,1160]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="15 - 38" refId="ref8092" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J. 1996. El registro fosil de Bibimys Massoia, 1979 (Rodentia). Consideraciones sobre los Scapteromyini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) y su distribucion durante el Plioceno-Holoceno en la region pampeana. Mastozoologia Neotropical 3: 15 - 38." type="journal article" year="1996">Pardiñas 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15BF1C472FDE4FB48" author="D'ELIA, G. & U. F. J. PARDINAS & P. MYERS" box="[438,628,1137,1160]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref6906" refString="D'ELIA, G., U. F. J. PARDINAS, AND P. MYERS. 2005. An introduction to the genus Bibimys (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae): phylogenetic position and alpha taxonomy. Pp. 211 - 246 in Mammalian diversification: from chromosomes to phylogeography. A celebration of the career of James L. Patton (E. A. Lacey and P. Myers, eds.). University of California Publications in Zoology 133." type="book" year="2005">D’Elía et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA158C5C472FF32FB68" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15AF2C492FED7FB68" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R." box="[181,327,1169,1192]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref6478" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R. 2015. Genus Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966. Pp. 228 - 231 in Mammals of South America, volume 2 - rodents (J. L. Patton, U. F. J. Pardinas, and G. D'Elia, eds.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." type="book" year="2015">Bezerra 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Molecular phylogenetic analyses (Smith and Patton 1999;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B69C4B2FE22FB08" author="D'ELIA, G." box="[302,434,1201,1224]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="307 - 323" refId="ref6750" refString="D'ELIA, G. 2003. Phylogenetics of Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Muroidea, Cricetidae), with special reference to the akodont group, and with additional comments on historical biogeography. Cladistics 19: 307 - 323." type="journal article" year="2003">D’Elía 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; D’Elía and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15806C4B2FD49FB08" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & A. M. R. BEZERRA" box="[577,729,1201,1224]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="222 - 225" refId="ref8142" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., AND A. M. R. BEZERRA. 2015. Genus Gyldenstolpia Pardinas, D'Elia, and Teta, 2009. Pp. 222 - 225 in Mammals of South America, volume 2 - rodents (J. L. Patton, U. F. J. Pardinas and G. D'Elia, eds.). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." type="journal article" year="2015">Pardiñas 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) support the placement of these 3 genera in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15835C4D2FD7DFB28" box="[626,749,1233,1256]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Akodontini">Akodontini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the 2nd most speciose group of the sigmodontine radiation (Musser and Carleton 2005;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B79C512FE66FAE8" author="PATTON, J. L. & U. F. J. PARDINAS & G. D'ELIA & EDS" box="[318,502,1297,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref8374" refString="PATTON, J. L., U. F. J. PARDINAS, AND G. D'ELIA (EDS.). 2015. Mammals of South America, volume 2 - rodents. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." type="book" year="2015">Patton et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15ADFC532FEFAF948" blockId="1.[109,793,849,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
The genus name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15B0BC532FE07FA88" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[332,407,1329,1352]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15B0BC532FE07FA88" box="[332,407,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a tribute to Merle L. Kuns (1923– 2008), of the Middle American Research Unit, National Institutes of Health, who investigated hemorrhagic fever in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE2FFA1583CC572FD5CFA48" box="[635,716,1393,1416]" name="Bolivia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, studying rodent reservoirs of the disease. Kuns assembled a collection of mammals in that country, among them
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA1583AC5B2FED0FA28" authority="(Hershkovitz 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1583AC5B2FC88FA08" box="[637,792,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15A31C5D2FEA4FA28" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[118,308,1489,1512]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA1586CC5D2FD33FA28" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[555,675,1489,1512]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1586CC5D2FD33FA28" box="[555,675,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is a reference to its woolly fur (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15B23C5F2FDB5F9C8" author="LICHTENSTEIN, H." box="[356,549,1521,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref7502" refString="LICHTENSTEIN, H. 1830. Darstellungen neuer oder wenig bekannte Saugethiere Abbildungen und Beschreibungen von funf und sechzig Arten und funtzig colorirten Steindrucktafeln nach den Originalen des Zoologischen Museum der Universitat zu Berlin. C. G. Luderitz, Berlin, unpaginated text belonging to 50 plates." type="book" year="1830">Lichtenstein 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The woolly giant rat is also known as woolly kunsia, rata gigante (Spanish), colori (Pareci Indian Language; recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15851C632FC98F988" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[534,776,1585,1608]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and arantacú (Nhambiquara Indian Language; recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15A2AC672FECAF948" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[109,346,1649,1672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE2FFA15B36C6C2FBA4FDE2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE2FFA15B36C6C2FBA4FDE2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15B36C6C2FD84F91B" blockId="1.[369,532,1729,1755]" box="[369,532,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE2FFA15B36C6C2FD84F91B" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[369,532,1729,1755]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15B36C6C2FD84F91B" bold="true" box="[369,532,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">DIAGNOSIS</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15ADFC706FBA4FDE2" blockId="1.[109,792,1797,1948]" lastBlockId="1.[840,1523,203,546]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15ADFC706FEFDF8DC" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[152,365,1797,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15ADFC706FEFDF8DC" box="[152,365,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from the other sigmodontines by its very large body size, its uniformly dark-gray or dark-brown pelage with almost no dorsal-ventral contrast perceptible, and its bicolored dorsal surface of both the manus and pes, on which the distal portion is white. Weights of adult individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15E8BC0C8FAE0FF22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1228,1392,203,226]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15E8BC0C8FAE0FF22" box="[1228,1392,203,226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be as much as
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE2FFA159EAC0E8FC7AFEC2" box="[941,1002,235,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="g" value="600.0">600 g</quantity>
|
||
, in comparison the next larger sigmodontines, the rats of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15E0BC108FB2DFEE2" authorityName="Voss & Carleton" authorityYear="1993" box="[1100,1213,267,290]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lundomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15E0BC108FB2DFEE2" box="[1100,1213,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Lundomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15E88C108FAD2FEE2" box="[1231,1346,267,290]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Mindomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15E88C108FAD2FEE2" box="[1231,1346,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mindomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15FC0C108FC71FE82" authority="(Oryzomyini)" baseAuthorityName="Oryzomyini" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15FC0C108FA62FEE2" box="[1415,1522,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Nectomys</emphasis>
|
||
(Oryzomyini)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have maximum weights of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE2FFA15F3EC128FA7EFE82" box="[1401,1518,299,322]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="g" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">300–400 g</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA1590FC148FC78FEA2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[840,1000,331,354]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1590FC148FCCAFEA2" box="[840,858,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA1592CC148FC78FEA2" box="[875,1000,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also distinguished by a suite of characters that include: poorly developed mystacial vibrissae, rounded ears covered by tufts of hairs, a moderately short tail covered by sets of 5–7 rigid dark hairs per scale, and powerful claws on both manus and pes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15E1FC1C8FADFFE22" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[1112,1359,459,482]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15F18C1C8FCEFFDC2" author="GYLDENSTOLPE, N." pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 164" refId="ref7312" refString="GYLDENSTOLPE, N. 1932. A manual of Neotropical sigmodont rodents. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, Tredje Serien 11: 1 - 164." type="journal article" year="1932">Gyldenstolpe 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA159D7C1E8FBC8FDC2" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[912,1112,491,514]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15E2EC1E8FAD1FDC2" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1129,1345,491,514]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15F15C1E8FCEFFDE2" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA159C8C208FBB3FDE2" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R." box="[911,1059,523,546]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref6478" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R. 2015. Genus Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966. Pp. 228 - 231 in Mammals of South America, volume 2 - rodents (J. L. Patton, U. F. J. Pardinas, and G. D'Elia, eds.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." type="book" year="2015">Bezerra 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE2FFA259ACC263FC88F85A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE2FFA259ACC263FC88F85A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA159ACC263FAC0FDBA" blockId="1.[1003,1360,608,634]" box="[1003,1360,608,634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE2FFA159ACC263FAC0FDBA" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[1003,1360,608,634]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA159ACC263FAC0FDBA" bold="true" box="[1003,1360,608,634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">GENERAL CHARACTERS</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15934C2A0FBBAFBBA" blockId="1.[840,1523,675,1946]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15934C2A0FBD1FD7A" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[883,1089,675,698]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15934C2A0FBD1FD7A" box="[883,1089,675,698]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 1) is a large-sized semifossorial rodent with dense and coarse fur, proportionally short limbs with large and powerful feet and claws, and a moderately short tail (about 65% of the head-body length). The rhinarium is large and naked and highlighted by a ring of whitish hair. The ears are small and round (about 13% of the head-body length); pinnae are covered with short hairs that match the color the dorsal pelage. The moderately short tail is unicolored, scarcely covered with short rigid hairs, and has large subrectangular scales (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15916C3C0FBB1FC1A" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[849,1057,963,986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:figure 3). General pelage color is dark-gray or dark-brown on the dorsal surface and grayish on gular and ventral surfaces. Eight mammae are present arranged in pectoral, postaxial, abdominal, and inguinal pairs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15EB8C420FA7BFBFA" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[1279,1515,1059,1082]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA1590FC440FB98FB9A" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[840,1032,1091,1114]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15E5EC440FA98FB9A" author="GONCALVES, P. R. & J. A. OLIVEIRA & M. OLIVEIRA CORREA & L. M. PESSOA" box="[1049,1288,1091,1114]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref7211" refString="GONCALVES, P. R., J. A. OLIVEIRA, M. OLIVEIRA CORREA, AND L. M. PESSOA. 2005. Morphological and cytogenetic analyses of Bibimys labiosus (Winge, 1887) (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae): implications for its affinities with the scapteromyine group. Pp. 175 - 210 in Mammalian diversification: from chromosomes to phylogeography. A celebration of the career of James L. Patton (E. A. Lacey and P. Myers, eds.). University of California Publications in Zoology 133." type="book" year="2005">Gonçalves et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15F5EC440FA7BFB9A" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1305,1515,1091,1114]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA1590FC460FB8AFBBA" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[840,1050,1123,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA15934C480FB14FABA" blockId="1.[840,1523,675,1946]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15934C480FBACFB5A" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[883,1084,1155,1178]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15934C480FBACFB5A" box="[883,1084,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the largest extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15F5DC480FA2BFB5A" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1843" box="[1306,1467,1155,1178]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sigmodontinae">Sigmodontinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with head and body length in adults from 4 geographically distant populations ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE2FFA15E23C4C0FA9BFB1A" box="[1124,1291,1219,1242]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" metricValueMax="2.87" metricValueMin="1.85" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="236.0" valueMax="287.0" valueMin="185.0">185 to 287 mm</quantity>
|
||
; length of tail ranges from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE2FFA159C1C4E0FBBEFB3A" box="[902,1070,1251,1274]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7149999999999999" metricValueMax="1.96" metricValueMin="1.47" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="171.5" valueMax="196.0" valueMin="147.0">147 to 196 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and body mass from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE2FFA15F6DC4E0FA23FB3A" box="[1322,1459,1251,1274]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.3549999999999995" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="2.41" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="g" value="435.5" valueMax="630.0" valueMin="241.0">241 to 630 g</quantity>
|
||
(data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA159C3C500FBC1FADA" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[900,1105,1283,1306]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and data from specimens deposited in the Natural History Museum of London by AMRB). There is a great amount of size variation even within a single population (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE2FFA15916C560FB8AFABA" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[849,1050,1379,1402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:figure 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE2FFA25934C580FBC7FE22" blockId="1.[840,1523,675,1946]" lastBlockId="2.[840,1523,203,930]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
The skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE2FFA15E44C580FB0DFA5A" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1027,1181,1411,1434]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15E44C580FB85FA5A" box="[1027,1045,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE2FFA15E62C580FB0DFA5A" box="[1061,1181,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is robust with thick bones and a short, sturdy rostrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1301AC8BFFE2FFA15E19C5A0FB31FA7A" box="[1118,1185,1443,1466]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[110,145,1431,1452]" captionTargetBox="[147,755,200,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-625@2.[147,755,200,1418]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of the mandible of an adult male of Kunsia tomentosus (BMNH 79.325, deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom) from 260 km N of Xavantina, Serra do Roncador, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Condylobasal length is 49.95mm. Photographed by Alexandra M. R. Bezerra." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4573345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4573345/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mean cranial measurements (mm; ranges in parentheses) of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C7B87FFE2FFA15EDEC5C0FB72FA1A" box="[1177,1250,1475,1498]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="adult">6 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens (mixed sexes) from Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE2FFA15EFFC5E0FAA7FA3A" box="[1208,1335,1507,1530]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE2FFA15F03C5E0FA15FA3A" box="[1348,1413,1507,1530]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(the largest pooled sample known for this species—Bezerra et al. 2007) were: greatest length of tympanic bulla, 8.16 (7.82–8.78); greatest breadth of tympanic bulla, 10.68 (10.20–11.38); greatest breath of M1, 3.72 (3.39–4.01); cranial breadth immediately posterior to zygomatic arches, 20.03 (19.28–21.32); cranial depth at tympanic bulla, 16.9 (15.95–18.00); condyloincisive length, 48.79 (45.84–49.55); cranial breadth at external auditory meatus, 20.64 (19.98–22.59); diastema length, 12.87 (12.06– 14.66); greatest length of skull, 49.68 (47.50–55.07); incisive foramina breadth, 2.73 (2.53–2.88); incisive foramina length, 10.65 (9.90–11.99); interorbital constriction, 8.11 (7.91–8.23); length of lower molar row, 10.08 (10.31–11.34); mandible length, 29.97 (29.38–32.29); mesopterygoid fossa breadth, 3.49 and body, 287 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA259AAC0C8FBF5FF22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1005,1125,203,226]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA259AAC0C8FBF5FF22" box="[1005,1125,203,226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 267 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25EF5C0C8FADDFF22" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[1202,1357,203,226]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25EF5C0C8FADDFF22" box="[1202,1357,203,226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); length of tail, 157 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25938C0E8FC67FEC2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[895,1015,235,258]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25938C0E8FC67FEC2" box="[895,1015,235,258]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 160 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25E04C0E8FB4EFEC2" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[1091,1246,235,258]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25E04C0E8FB4EFEC2" box="[1091,1246,235,258]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); width of braincase, 19.3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25916C108FC59FEE2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[849,969,267,290]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25916C108FC59FEE2" box="[849,969,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); greatest length of skull, 55 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25F42C108FA30FEE2" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[1285,1440,267,290]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25F42C108FA30FEE2" box="[1285,1440,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); width of interobital constriction, 8.0 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25EEDC128FA8EFE82" authorityName=": Winge" authorityYear="1887" box="[1194,1310,299,322]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25EEDC128FA8EFE82" box="[1194,1310,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); length of nasals, 20.5 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA259CBC148FBB7FEA2" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[908,1063,331,354]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA259CBC148FBB7FEA2" box="[908,1063,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); incisive foramina length, 12.3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25FEDC148FCECFE42" authorityName=": Winge" authorityYear="1887" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25FEDC148FCECFE42" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); length of diastema, 14.0 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25EF3C168FAB8FE42" authorityName=": Winge" authorityYear="1887" box="[1204,1320,363,386]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25EF3C168FAB8FE42" box="[1204,1320,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); least interorbital breadth, 10 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25995C188FBFDFE62" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[978,1133,395,418]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25995C188FBFDFE62" box="[978,1133,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); length of upper molar series, 11.5 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25916C1A8FC7CFE02" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[849,1004,427,450]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25916C1A8FC7CFE02" box="[849,1004,427,450]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and alveolar length of molar row, 10.5 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25FEEC1A8FCEFFE22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25FEEC1A8FCEFFE22" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 11.3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25994C1C8FBD7FE22" authorityName=": Winge" authorityYear="1887" box="[979,1095,459,482]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25994C1C8FBD7FE22" box="[979,1095,459,482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE1FFA25934C1E8FC1DFC62" blockId="2.[840,1523,203,930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Exploratory principal component analysis performed on the covariance matrix of log-transformed of 26 craniodental measurements of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C7B87FFE1FFA259A6C228FBE7FD82" box="[993,1143,555,578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(representing almost all available
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA2590FC248FC71FDA2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[840,993,587,610]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA2590FC248FC71FDA2" box="[840,993,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Brazilian and Bolivian) did not reveal any grouping and indicated a strong influence of the “size” factor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25916C288FB8BFD62" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[849,1051,651,674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Among the samples with the larger means of craniodental measurements, the population from Campos Novos,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA259DBC2C8FBFAFD22" box="[924,1130,715,738]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, was larger for 11 characters,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25FF0C2C8FB98FCC2" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
for 9 characters, and Humaitá,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25FC5C2E8FC10FCE2" country="Peru" name="Amazonas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Amazonas State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, was larger for 5 and smaller in 1 character. The population sampled from Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25F06C328FA2EFC82" box="[1345,1470,811,834]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, was smaller for 16 characters, and those from Vilhena,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25FCCC348FC10FC42" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Rondônia State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, were smaller for 9, but larger in 1 character (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25F21C368FCEDFC62" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF45E086FFE1FFA25A29C594FF6CF9FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4573345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4573345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4573345/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[110,145,1431,1452]" targetBox="[147,755,200,1418]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE1FFA25A29C594FF6CF9FF" blockId="2.[109,792,1431,1599]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25A29C594FF3EFA6C" bold="true" box="[110,174,1431,1452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of the mandible of an adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25B86C5B6FDE5FA0A" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[449,629,1461,1482]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25B86C5B6FDE5FA0A" box="[449,629,1461,1482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BMNH 79.325, deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom) from 260 km N of Xavantina, Serra do Roncador, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Condylobasal length is 49.95 mm. Photographed by Alexandra M. R. Bezerra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE1FFA25A2AC660FC88F85A" blockId="2.[109,792,1635,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
(3.05–3.69); mandibular ramus length, 15.78 (15.04–17.42); palatal breadth measured at M1-M2, 12.91 (12.06–13.88); nasal length, 18.57 (17.27–21.11); palatal length, 26.09 (24.08– 29.98); palatilar length, 22.61 (21.64–25.47); postpalatal length, 21.97 (20.93–23.42); rostral breadth, 8.61 (8.04–9.33); rostral depth, 9.87 (9.38–11.16); rostral length, 19.88 (18.04–22.37); length of upper molar row, 10.32 (9.93–10.73); and greatest zygomatic breadth, 28.39 (26.95–30.80). Measurements (mm) of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE1FFA25AE8C760FF4DF8BA" box="[175,221,1891,1914]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of the nominal forms, reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA258F9C760FE9FF85A" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25B17C780FDB3F85A" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[336,547,1923,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, were: length of head
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE1FFA35E76C3E3FF23F984" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE1FFA35E76C3E3FF23F984" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE1FFA25E76C3E3FA99FC3A" blockId="2.[1073,1289,992,1018]" box="[1073,1289,992,1018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE1FFA25E76C3E3FA99FC3A" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[1073,1289,992,1018]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25E76C3E3FA99FC3A" bold="true" box="[1073,1289,992,1018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE1FFA25934C420FB4CFA1A" blockId="2.[840,1523,1059,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25934C420FBADFBFA" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[883,1085,1059,1082]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25934C420FBADFBFA" box="[883,1085,1059,1082]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from open areas and savannas of the Cerrado and Beni domains of central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA25F65C440FAF3FB9A" box="[1314,1379,1091,1114]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern Bolvia from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE1FFA25990C460FBF3FBBA" box="[983,1123,1123,1146]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="405.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="60.0">60 to 750 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation, respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25F36C460FCEDFB5A" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Musser and Carleton 2005;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25E8BC480FA34FB5A" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1228,1444,1155,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25FF1C480FC28FB7A" author="TERAN, M. F. & J. AYALA & J. C. HURTADO" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="129 - 133" refId="ref8834" refString="TERAN, M. F., J. AYALA, AND J. C. HURTADO. 2008. Primer registro de Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) en el norte del Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 15: 129 - 133." type="journal article" year="2008">Terán et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25980C4A0FB09FB7A" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[967,1177,1187,1210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1301AC8BFFE1FFA25EEFC4A0FB76FB7A" box="[1192,1254,1187,1210]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[109,144,1015,1036]" captionTargetBox="[433,1200,200,1002]" captionTargetId="figure-471@3.[432,1200,200,1002]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3.—Geographic distribution of Kunsia tomentosus as indicated by documented collection localities (dots) and the restricted type locality (star) reported by Herskovitz (1966); modified from Bezerra et al. (2007), Pardiñas et al. (2009), and Téran et al. (2008)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4573347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4573347/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Its geographic range in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA2590FC4C0FC19FB1A" box="[840,905,1219,1242]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
extends from southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25EFCC4C0FAA6FB1A" box="[1211,1334,1219,1242]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25F0FC4C0FCEDFB3A" author="RODRIGUES, F. H. G." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="589 - 600" refId="ref8543" refString="RODRIGUES, F. H. G., ET AL. 2002. Composicao e caracterizacao da fauna de mamiferos do Parque Nacional das Emas, Goias. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 19: 589 - 600." type="journal article" year="2002">Rodrigues et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to the north through
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25E2DC4E0FAA1FB3A" box="[1130,1329,1251,1274]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25F06C4E0FCEDFADA" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Santos-Filho et al. 2001;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25EE4C500FAE2FADA" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1187,1394,1283,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25FCCC500FCEDFAFA" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Rondônia State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25EA2C520FA24FAFA" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1253,1460,1315,1338]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Amazonas State (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25E4DC540FB4BFA9A" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1034,1243,1347,1370]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA25F53C540FAF5FA9A" box="[1300,1381,1347,1370]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25F35C540FCFAFABA" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25F35C540FCFAFABA" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded in the departments of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25F62C560FA0CFABA" box="[1317,1436,1379,1402]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25FEBC560FC27FA5A" author="IBANEZ, C. & J. CABOT & S. ANDERSON" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="79 - 83" refId="ref7461" refString="IBANEZ, C., J. CABOT, AND S. ANDERSON. 1994. New records of Bolivian mammals in the collection of the Estacion Biologica de Donana. Donana, Acta Vertebrata 21: 79 - 83." type="journal article" year="1994">Ibáñez et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25983C580FBF7FA5A" author="ANDERSON, S." box="[964,1127,1411,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 652" refId="ref6370" refString="ANDERSON, S. 1997. Mammals of Bolivia, taxonomy and distribution. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 231: 1 - 652." type="journal article" year="1997">Anderson 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Emmons 1998; D’Elía and Pardiñas 2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA259C9C5A0FBCEFA7A" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[910,1118,1443,1466]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25E30C5A0FB39FA7A" box="[1143,1193,1443,1466]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Beni</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25EFBC5A0FAECFA7A" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[1212,1404,1443,1466]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25FCCC5A0FCEDFA1A" author="ANDERSON, S." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 652" refId="ref6370" refString="ANDERSON, S. 1997. Mammals of Bolivia, taxonomy and distribution. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 231: 1 - 652." type="journal article" year="1997">Anderson 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25986C5C0FB9AFA1A" box="[961,1034,1475,1498]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">La Paz</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25E5EC5C0FB5CFA1A" author="TERAN, M. F. & J. AYALA & J. C. HURTADO" box="[1049,1228,1475,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="129 - 133" refId="ref8834" refString="TERAN, M. F., J. AYALA, AND J. C. HURTADO. 2008. Primer registro de Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) en el norte del Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 15: 129 - 133." type="journal article" year="2008">Terán et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE1FFA35934C5E0FEC5FB04" blockId="2.[840,1523,1059,1946]" lastBlockId="3.[109,793,1133,1604]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE1FFA25E4DC5E0FBA9FA3A" box="[1034,1081,1507,1530]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25EFEC5E0FAC3FA3A" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1209,1363,1507,1530]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25EFEC5E0FAC3FA3A" box="[1209,1363,1507,1530]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was restricted to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA259C8C600FC7EF9DA" box="[911,1006,1539,1562]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
River, in south
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA25EE5C600FB75F9DA" box="[1186,1253,1539,1562]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25EB1C600FA29F9DA" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[1270,1465,1539,1562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the nearest confirmed record to this species is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE1FFA25FC0C620FA62F9FA" box="[1415,1522,1571,1594]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="1040.0">1,040 km</quantity>
|
||
north, from Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25F4BC640FA1BF99A" box="[1292,1419,1603,1626]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25FD9C640FC52F9BA" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA25E55C660FBE1F9BA" box="[1042,1137,1635,1658]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
River dissects the Atlantic Forest interior, but not the Cerrado nor transitional open areas, casting doubts about the correctness of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE1FFA25EF5C6A0FA0BF97A" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[1202,1435,1699,1722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz’s (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
restriction. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE1FFA259E8C6C0FC4EF91A" box="[943,990,1731,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE1FFA25E29C6C0FA97F91A" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1134,1287,1731,1754]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE1FFA25E29C6C0FA97F91A" box="[1134,1287,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was obtained in 1827 by Friedrich Sellow (or Sello) and sent to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE1FFA25F74C6E0FAEAF93A" box="[1331,1402,1763,1786]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Berlin</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE1FFA25FCEC6E0FA7EF93A" box="[1417,1518,1763,1786]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where it was preserved as a mounted animal and subsequently housed (under the number ZMB-MAM 1699, Museum für Naturkunde) as a skin with a damaged skull removed. Sellow also secured materials from other collectors and local dealers that worked across the Brazilian territory, and there is no solid evidence to fix the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE0FFA35B07C46EFEFFFB44" box="[320,367,1133,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35BA8C46EFD19FB44" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[495,649,1133,1156]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35BA8C46EFD19FB44" box="[495,649,1133,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to anywhere along the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35A9EC48EFEA8FB64" box="[217,312,1165,1188]" name="Uruguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
River (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35BCCC48EFDA3FB64" author="CERQUEIRA, R." box="[395,563,1165,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="31 - 34" refId="ref6716" refString="CERQUEIRA, R. 1975. Sobre a localidade tipo de Holochilus brasiliensis (Brants, 1827) (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 35: 31 - 34." type="journal article" year="1975">Cerqueira 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35805C48EFC80FB64" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[578,784,1165,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35A2AC4AEFED4FB04" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[109,324,1197,1220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF45E086FFE0FFA35A2AC3F4FB26FBEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4573347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4573347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4573347/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[109,144,1015,1036]" targetBox="[433,1200,200,1002]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE0FFA35A2AC3F4FB26FBEA" blockId="3.[109,1523,1015,1066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35A2AC3F4FF3DFBCC" bold="true" box="[109,173,1015,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
—Geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35B8EC3F4FDEEFBCC" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[457,638,1015,1036]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35B8EC3F4FDEEFBCC" box="[457,638,1015,1036]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as indicated by documented collection localities (dots) and the restricted type locality (star) reported by Herskovitz (1966); modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA3586AC416FD62FBEA" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[557,754,1045,1066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA358B9C416FC5BFBEA" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[766,971,1045,1066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA359B8C416FB20FBEA" author="TERAN, M. F. & J. AYALA & J. C. HURTADO" box="[1023,1200,1045,1066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="129 - 133" refId="ref8834" refString="TERAN, M. F., J. AYALA, AND J. C. HURTADO. 2008. Primer registro de Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) en el norte del Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 15: 129 - 133." type="journal article" year="2008">Téran et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE0FFA35ADFC4CEFF23F984" blockId="3.[109,793,1133,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The easternmost known locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA3585AC4CEFD25FB24" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[541,693,1229,1252]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA3585AC4CEFD25FB24" box="[541,693,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is Lagoa Santa,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35AF0C4EEFE17FAC4" box="[183,391,1261,1284]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Minas Gerais State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35BD4C4EEFE47FAC4" box="[403,471,1261,1284]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from where both Pleistocene and Holocene specimens have been recorded (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA3581FC50EFD49FAE4" author="WINGE, H." box="[600,729,1293,1316]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The recent material corresponds to a few cranial remains of juvenile individuals and the attached label indicated that they were derived from owl pellets collected by Peter Lund around 1840; no additional animals have been obtained in the last 175 years. The record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35B5EC5AEFE27FA04" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[281,439,1453,1476]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35B5EC5AEFE27FA04" box="[281,439,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Pampas del Heath,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA3588FC5AEFF7EFA24" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">La Paz Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35ABCC5CEFED9FA24" box="[251,329,1485,1508]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35B1DC5CEFD83FA24" author="TERAN, M. F. & J. AYALA & J. C. HURTADO" box="[346,531,1485,1508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="129 - 133" refId="ref8834" refString="TERAN, M. F., J. AYALA, AND J. C. HURTADO. 2008. Primer registro de Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) en el norte del Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 15: 129 - 133." type="journal article" year="2008">Terán et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggests the plausible occurrence of the species in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA3584FC5EEFDACF9C4" box="[520,572,1517,1540]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, taking into account the continuity of habitat between both countries (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA358CFC60EFF32F984" author="MONTAMBAULT, J. R. & ED" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref7893" refString="MONTAMBAULT, J. R. (ED.). 2002. Informes de las evaluaciones biologicas de Pampas del Heath, Peru, Alto Madidi, Bolivia, y Pando, Bolivia. Conservation International, Washington, D. C." type="book" year="2002">Montambault 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE0FFA55B0CC66BFE22FB5C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE0FFA35B0CC66BFC67F844" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE0FFA35B0CC66BFDAAF942" blockId="3.[331,570,1640,1666]" box="[331,570,1640,1666]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE0FFA35B0CC66BFDAAF942" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[331,570,1640,1666]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35B0CC66BFDAAF942" bold="true" box="[331,570,1640,1666]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FOSSIL RECORD</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE0FFA35ADFC6AFFBD8F9E4" blockId="3.[109,792,1708,1923]" lastBlockId="3.[840,1523,1133,1924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35ADFC6AFFEFDF903" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[152,365,1708,1731]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35ADFC6AFFEFDF903" box="[152,365,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded from Pleistocene cave sediments excavated by Peter Lund in Lagoa Santa area, Minas Gerais State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35B1AC6EFFE30F8C3" box="[349,416,1772,1795]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35BF1C6EFFDA3F8C3" author="LUND, P. W." box="[438,563,1772,1795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref7552" refString="LUND, P. W. 1840. Tillaeg til de to sidste Afhandlinger over Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Lagoa Santa, den 4 de April 1839. Kongelige Danske Videnskaberns Selskabs Naturvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandling 3: 1 - 24, 3 pls. [Preprint of Lund, P. W. 1841.]" type="book chapter" year="1840">Lund 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35801C6EFFD42F8C3" author="WINGE, H." box="[582,722,1772,1795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE0FFA35A2AC70FFF42F8E3" box="[109,210,1804,1827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35ABCC70FFD97F8E3" authorityName=": Winge" authorityYear="1887" box="[251,519,1804,1827]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="principalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35ABCC70FFD97F8E3" box="[251,519,1804,1827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Scapteromys principalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a fossil anterior skull fragment collected in “Lapa da Escrivania Nr. 5” (= Lapa da Escrivânia) a cave chamber filled by Quaternary sediments (Voss and Myers 1991;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35BC3C76FFDFBF843" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[388,619,1900,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) located about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE0FFA3590FC46EFC36FB44" box="[840,934,1133,1156]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="12.5">12.5 km</quantity>
|
||
N Matozinhos (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35E2FC46EFAD8FB44" box="[1128,1352,1133,1156]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Minas Gerais State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35F1FC46EFA30FB44" box="[1368,1440,1133,1156]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
). From the same cave chamber, numerous additional fossil remains of this rodent, representing about 65 individuals, were obtained (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35916C4CEFBBBFB24" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[849,1067,1229,1252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35E05C4CEFB4EFB24" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1090,1246,1229,1252]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35E05C4CEFB4EFB24" box="[1090,1246,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is listed within the fossil fauna recovered by lift aspiration technique from the flooded Japonês Cave, a submerged channel of crystalline waters in the Municipality of Bela Vista,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35EC7C52EFA33FA84" box="[1152,1443,1325,1348]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mato Grosso do Sul State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35FE8C52EFA62FA84" box="[1455,1522,1325,1348]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35916C54EFB80FAA4" author="SALLES, L. O. & C. CARTELLE & P. G. GUEDES & P. C. BOGGIANI & A. JANOO & C. A. M. RUSSO" box="[849,1040,1357,1380]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref8582" refString="SALLES, L. O., C. CARTELLE, P. G. GUEDES, P. C. BOGGIANI, A. JANOO, AND C. A. M. RUSSO. 2006. Quaternary mammals from Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Serie, Rio de Janeiro 521: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2006">Salles et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In a current study of faunal remains from archaeological sites located near Porto Alegre,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35F16C56EFC22FA64" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rio Grande do Sul State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35984C58EFB99FA64" box="[963,1033,1421,1444]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Holocene remains of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35F53C58EFA24FA64" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1300,1460,1421,1444]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35F53C58EFA24FA64" box="[1300,1460,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been identified (P. Hadler, in litt.). Both
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35F56C5AEFA62FA04" box="[1297,1522,1453,1476]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35930C5CEFBD3FA24" box="[887,1091,1485,1508]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
findings are notable because they indicate the species had in the recent past a widespread distribution in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA359BAC60EFBD4F9E4" box="[1021,1092,1549,1572]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE0FFA35934C62EFC67F844" blockId="3.[840,1523,1133,1924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Based on phylogenetic reconstructions it has been hypothesized that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA3598DC64EFB86F9A4" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[970,1046,1613,1636]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA3598DC64EFB86F9A4" box="[970,1046,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35EE5C64EFABCF9A4" box="[1186,1324,1613,1636]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35EE5C64EFABCF9A4" box="[1186,1324,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a palustrine sigmodontine widely distributed in Río de La Plata basin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35FEDC66EFCEEF964" author="D'ELIA, G." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="307 - 323" refId="ref6750" refString="D'ELIA, G. 2003. Phylogenetics of Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Muroidea, Cricetidae), with special reference to the akodont group, and with additional comments on historical biogeography. Cladistics 19: 307 - 323." type="journal article" year="2003">D’Elía 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; D’Elía and Pardiñas 2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35EACC68EFA72F964" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[1259,1506,1677,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA3590FC6AEFC42F904" box="[840,978,1709,1732]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA3590FC6AEFC42F904" box="[840,978,1709,1732]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from Early to Middle Pleistocene deposits of northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE0FFA35E50C6CEFA85F924" box="[1047,1301,1741,1764]" country="Argentina" name="Buenos Aires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Buenos Aires Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE0FFA35F67C6CEFA1CF924" box="[1312,1420,1741,1764]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Voglino and Pardiñas 2005).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35E72C6EEFA44F8C4" authority="Reig, 1994" authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1994" box="[1077,1492,1773,1796]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hershkovitzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35E72C6EEFADDF8C4" box="[1077,1357,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Scapteromys hershkovitzi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35F1EC6EEFA44F8C4" author="REIG, O. A." box="[1369,1492,1773,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="99 - 113" refId="ref8496" refString="REIG, O. A. 1994. New species of akodontine and scapteromyine rodents (Cricetidae) and new records of Bolomys (Akodontini) from the Upper Pliocene and Middle Pleistocene of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Ameghiniana 31: 99 - 113." type="journal article" year="1994">Reig, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a putative fossil species of the Pliocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35F4EC70EFAEDF8E4" author="REIG, O. A." box="[1289,1405,1805,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref8464" refString="REIG, O. A. 1972. The evolutionary history of the South American cricetid rodents. Ph. D. dissertation, College University, London, United Kingdom." type="book" year="1972">Reig 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35FC8C70EFA55F8E4" author="REIG, O. A." box="[1423,1477,1805,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="99 - 113" refId="ref8496" refString="REIG, O. A. 1994. New species of akodontine and scapteromyine rodents (Cricetidae) and new records of Bolomys (Akodontini) from the Upper Pliocene and Middle Pleistocene of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Ameghiniana 31: 99 - 113." type="journal article" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), is more likely an extinct unnamed genus related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA35F32C72EFA51F884" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[1397,1473,1837,1860]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA35F32C72EFA51F884" box="[1397,1473,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE0FFA3590FC74EFC71F8A4" authorityName="Pardinas, D'Elia, and Teta" authorityYear="2009" box="[840,993,1869,1892]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Gyldenstolpia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE0FFA3590FC74EFC71F8A4" box="[840,993,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Gyldenstolpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE0FFA35E5DC74EFB61F8A4" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[1050,1265,1869,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), an issue that deserves further scrutiny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE7FFA55B66C0C8FDB2FD02" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45B66C0C8FDF4FF25" blockId="4.[289,612,203,229]" box="[289,612,203,229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE7FFA45B66C0C8FDF4FF25" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[289,612,203,229]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45B66C0C8FDF4FF25" bold="true" box="[289,612,203,229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FORM AND FUNCTION</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45ADFC10CFF44FDC6" blockId="4.[109,793,271,1958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45ADFC10CFEFCFEE6" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[152,364,271,294]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45ADFC10CFEFCFEE6" box="[152,364,271,294]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a semifossorial rodent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA458F9C10CFF6EFE86" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45B56C12CFE79FE86" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[273,489,303,326]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Its short extremities (tail and limbs), large and powerful fore and hind feet with long and powerful claws, coarse pelage, short ears, and tail covered with large scales and stiff hairs have been considered adaptations for fossorial life. In fact,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45BC9C1ACFDBAFE06" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[398,554,431,454]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45BC9C1ACFDBAFE06" box="[398,554,431,454]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highlighted as the extreme example of a “gopher-like” sigmodontine (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA458D1C1CCFF58FDC6" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966:95</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45ADFC20CFF24FBE6" blockId="4.[109,793,271,1958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Manus with 5 digits; digits II–V have long claws (almost the same length as the digit), and the pollux is reduced with a pointed nail. Plantar surface of the manus has 5 pads: 3 small interdigital pads (II, III, IV) and 2 proximal (carpal) pads, the thenar (at base of pollux) and the hypothenar. Interdigital pads are small, rounded, and equidistant. Carpal pads are larger, elongate, wide, and separated. Skin between pads is corrugated. Digits I and V are the smallest of the 5 digits of the hind foot. Plantar surface of hind feet has 4 small and rounded interdigital pads and 2 tarsal pads (a reduced hypothenar and an elongate thenar). Thenar pad elongated in dry skin preparations but appears reduced to a small oval pad in fresh specimens. Skin between the pads is corrugate from distal pads up to the thenar and hypothenar pads limit; remainder of plantar surface is smooth. There is no webbing between digits in either manus or pes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45A84C3ECFE16FBC6" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[195,390,1007,1030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45BD0C3ECFDFAFBC6" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[407,618,1007,1030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA4583CC3ECFF33FBE6" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45ADFC42CFEC5F866" blockId="4.[109,793,271,1958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Occipital and lambdoid crests of the skull are well developed, the interorbital region is narrow, and the coronal suture typically U-shaped. The zygomatic plate is high and very broad in lateral view, with the anterior border nearly perpendicular and close to the nasolacrimal capsules. The zygomatic arches have a medial dorsoventral enlargement, involving jugal and maxillary bones. Upper corner of zygomatic plate has a moderately well-developed spinous blunt process. The nasal bones are scalloped distally; nasofrontal suture typically straight. Zygomatic notch almost closed (in dorsal view) and very well developed. Incisive foramina reach the anterior root of M1. The mesopterygoid fossa is wide open and the mesopterygoid roof is deeply excised by paired sphenopalatine vacuities. Auditory bullae are inflated. Carotid circulation pattern 1 (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA458A2C5CCFF33F9C6" author="VOSS, R. S." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="259 - 493" refId="ref9042" refString="VOSS, R. S. 1988. Systematics and ecology of Ichthyomyine rodents (Muroidea): patterns of morphological evolution in a small adaptative radiation. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 188: 259 - 493." type="journal article" year="1988">Voss 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is ostelogically typified by a conspicuous anteroposterior groove on the inner surface of the squamosal and alisphenoid bones (“squamosal-alisphenoid groove”), together with the presence of a small sphenofrontal foramen, a small posterior opening of the alisphenoid canal and a large stapedial foramen is present. Some specimens exhibit the presence of a small foramen in the alisphenoid bone anterior to the squamosal-alisphenoid groove, in the intersection with the trough for the masticatory-buccinator nerve. The occurrence and localization of this latter foramen varied among specimens and is independent from the geographic provenance of the specimen. A massive alisphenoid strut partially covering the anterior opening of the alisphenoid canal is present (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45801C76CFC80F846" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[582,784,1903,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45A2AC78CFED4F866" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[109,324,1935,1958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45934C0C8FA91FE62" blockId="4.[840,1524,203,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Mandible is robust, with a short transverse ramus and high ascendant portion. The coronoid process is well developed and the condyloid process is wide and rounded. Angular process slightly projected forward determining a reduced lunar notch. Capsular projection is well developed and medially located between coronoid and condyloid processes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45F6CC168FA7BFE42" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[1323,1515,363,386]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA4590FC188FB81FE62" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[840,1041,395,418]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45E58C188FB61FE62" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[1055,1265,395,418]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45934C1A8FC74FD02" blockId="4.[840,1524,203,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Dental formula is: 1/1 i, 0/0 c, 0/0 p, 3/
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE7FFA45F5CC1A8FAD6FE02" box="[1307,1350,427,450]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
, total 16. Molar topography allowed the recognition of 3 ontogenetic classes based on upper molar eruption and enamel wear (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45F24C1E8FCEDFDE2" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): “juvenile” (M3 unerupted or unworn), “adult” (all upper molars erupted and functional), and “old adult” (all upper molars worn; without folds and with the widest part of crowns concave). Number of vertebrae for
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C7B87FFE7FFA45E0AC268FB55FD42" box="[1101,1221,619,642]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45EA1C268FAECFD42" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1254,1404,619,642]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45EA1C268FAECFD42" box="[1254,1404,619,642]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE7FFA45FFDC268FC5EFD62" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
was recorded as 12 T, 6 L, 3 S, and 23 CA (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45FDFC288FC44FD02" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45934C2C8FBBAFB42" blockId="4.[840,1524,203,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45934C2C8FBADFD22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[883,1085,715,738]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45934C2C8FBADFD22" box="[883,1085,715,738]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has strong, smooth, orthodont, saturated orange upper incisors, and conspicuous unilateral hypsodont molars. The upper molar rows are parallel. Unworn molar teeth are plane and trilofodont; wear occurs quickly closing the major folds. M1 is transversally expanded; the procingulum narrows anteroposteriorly and projects labially. Anteromedian flexusflexid persistent at M1-m1. Vestigial or absent mesolophs; reduced mesolphids fused to complex entolophulids in adult individuals. M3 cylindrical in outline, retaining a major mesophosetus, but lacking evidence of hypoflexus in adult individuals. The m1 has a well-developed anterolabial cingulum and the m3 is subtriangular in outline and reduced with respect to the m2. The m1 is 4-rooted (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45E13C448FA82FBA2" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[1108,1298,1099,1122]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45F66C448FA7BFBA2" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1313,1515,1099,1122]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA4590FC468FB8AFB42" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[840,1050,1131,1154]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA45934C488FC1DF962" blockId="4.[840,1524,203,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Subtle variation in the shape of the posterior margin of the palate was observed among populations. This margin in specimens from Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE7FFA45EB0C4C8FAE5FB22" box="[1271,1397,1227,1250]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, is concave like an inverse “U,” whereas in specimens from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE7FFA45FCCC4E8FA63FAC2" box="[1419,1523,1259,1282]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Amazonas states,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE7FFA45E7CC508FBEFFAE2" box="[1083,1151,1291,1314]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE7FFA45EFCC508FB7DFAE2" box="[1211,1261,1291,1314]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Beni</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE7FFA45F61C508FA0EFAE2" box="[1318,1438,1291,1314]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
departments,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE7FFA459D1C528FC77FA82" box="[918,999,1323,1346]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, this margin is like an inverse “W” with rounded edges and a median palatine process, which is a caudal extension of the palatine bones. In adults of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE7FFA45E9FC568FA96FA42" box="[1240,1286,1387,1410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45F2CC568FC73FA62" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45F2CC568FC73FA62" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Scapteromys gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45E4CC588FB2AFA62" box="[1035,1210,1419,1442]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
K. t.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45E05C588FB2AFA62" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1090,1210,1419,1442]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">tomentosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) from Campos Novos, Mato Grosso State, posterior border of the palate shows a median projection smoother than the one found in the specimens of Vilhena, Rondônia State, and Humaitá, Amazonas State. In the Bolivian specimens, this structure tends to be more conspicuous than in Brazilian animals. Considerable age-related variation with respect to this character was detected in a single population sample in Parque Nacional das Emas, Goiás State (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45F21C668FCEDF962" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE7FFA55934C6A8FD34FE02" blockId="4.[840,1524,203,1954]" lastBlockId="5.[109,792,203,706]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE7FFA45934C6A8FBD2F902" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[883,1090,1707,1730]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE7FFA45934C6A8FBD2F902" box="[883,1090,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a unilocular-discoglandular stomach (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45986C6C8FBEEF922" author="CARLETON, M. D." box="[961,1150,1739,1762]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref6636" refString="CARLETON, M. D. 1973. Survey of gross stomach morphology in New World Cricetinae (Rodentia, Muroidea), with comments on functional interpretations. Miscellaneous Publications Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 146: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1973">Carleton 1973:28</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with incisura angularis that does not extend beyond the level of the opening of the esophagus. Both antrum and corpus are covered by cornified epithelium, and glandular epithelium is confined to a diverticulum located on the greater curvature of the stomach. A minute aperture connects this glandular pouch with the main lumen of the stomach (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE7FFA45916C788FBB9F862" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[849,1065,1931,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A large sacular gall bladder is present (Voss 1991;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55AB0C0C8FE57FF22" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[247,455,203,226]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A pouched stomach like that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55ACDC0E8FEB1FEC2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[138,289,235,258]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55ACDC0E8FEB1FEC2" box="[138,289,235,258]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also found in other muroids with a predominance of insects in the diet (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55BDCC108FDA3FEE2" author="CARLETON, M. D." box="[411,563,267,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref6636" refString="CARLETON, M. D. 1973. Survey of gross stomach morphology in New World Cricetinae (Rodentia, Muroidea), with comments on functional interpretations. Miscellaneous Publications Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 146: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1973">Carleton 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within the akodontines,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55AE8C128FF6AFE82" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[175,250,299,322]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55AE8C128FF6AFE82" box="[175,250,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shared this general morphology with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA558DAC128FC88FE82" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" box="[669,792,299,322]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Blarinomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA558DAC128FC88FE82" box="[669,792,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Blarinomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(contra
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55A84C148FE09FEA2" author="GEISE, L. & H. G. BERGALLO & C. E. L. ESBERARD & C. F. D. ROCHA & M. VAN SLUYS" box="[195,409,331,354]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="47 - 60" refId="ref7147" refString="GEISE, L., H. G. BERGALLO, C. E. L. ESBERARD, C. F. D. ROCHA, AND M. VAN SLUYS. 2008. The karyotype of Blarinomys breviceps (Mammalia: Rodentia: Cricetidae) with comments on its morphology and some ecological notes. Zootaxa 1907: 47 - 60." type="journal article" year="2008">Geise et al. 2008:7</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see Teta and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55879C148FC9BFEA2" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & A. M. R. BEZERRA" box="[574,779,331,354]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="222 - 225" refId="ref8142" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., AND A. M. R. BEZERRA. 2015. Genus Gyldenstolpia Pardinas, D'Elia, and Teta, 2009. Pp. 222 - 225 in Mammals of South America, volume 2 - rodents (J. L. Patton, U. F. J. Pardinas and G. D'Elia, eds.). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois." type="journal article" year="2015">Pardiñas 2015:209</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55A2AC168FEA0FE42" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1998" box="[109,304,363,386]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Brucepattersonius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55A2AC168FEA0FE42" box="[109,304,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brucepattersonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55B03C168FE41FE42" authorityName="Moojen" authorityYear="1965" box="[324,465,363,386]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Juscelinomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55B03C168FE41FE42" box="[324,465,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Juscelinomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55BA1C168FDAFFE42" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" box="[486,575,363,386]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lenoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55BA1C168FDAFFE42" box="[486,575,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lenoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55815C168FD4DFE42" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" box="[594,733,363,386]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oxymycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55815C168FD4DFE42" box="[594,733,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxymycterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55A2AC188FF64FE62" box="[109,244,395,418]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55A2AC188FF64FE62" box="[109,244,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55B4DC188FE5EFE62" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[266,462,395,418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55BA4C188FD11FE62" author="CARLETON, M. D." box="[483,641,395,418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref6636" refString="CARLETON, M. D. 1973. Survey of gross stomach morphology in New World Cricetinae (Rodentia, Muroidea), with comments on functional interpretations. Miscellaneous Publications Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 146: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1973">Carleton 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA558D1C188FF32FE02" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref7378" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1994. The description of a new species of South American Hocicudo, or long-nose mouse genus Oxymycterus (Sigmodontinae, Muroidea), with a critical review of the generic content. Fieldiana Zoology, New Series 79: 1 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hershkovitz 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55AF7C1A8FF75FE02" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[176,229,427,450]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="193 - 256" refId="ref7426" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1998. Report on some sigmodontine rodents collected in southeastern Brazil with descriptions of a new genus and six new species. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage 47: 193 - 256." type="journal article" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Emmons and Patton 2012; Patton 2015).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55ADFC1C8FDB2FD02" blockId="5.[109,792,203,706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The phallus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55B0CC1C8FE78FE22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[331,488,459,482]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55B0CC1C8FE78FE22" box="[331,488,459,482]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on 1 individual, is straight, elongate, and subcylindrical, with simple spinous epidermis throughout the body wall and edge of crater. Bacular mound is spineless and slightly trifurcate, supported by a reduced tridigitate bacular cartilage. The phallus has bilobed urethral flaps and a simple dorsoventrally flattened and spineless dorsal papilla. Proximal portion of osseous baculum is an inverted heart-like shape (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55BC4C2A8FD81FD02" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R." box="[387,529,683,706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="227 - 232" refId="ref6449" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R. 2005. Phallic morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae). Mastozoologia Neotropical 12: 227 - 232." type="journal article" year="2005">Bezerra 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE6FFA55A88C302FE22FB5C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55A88C302FD26FCDB" blockId="5.[207,694,769,795]" box="[207,694,769,795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE6FFA55A88C302FD26FCDB" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[207,694,769,795]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55A88C302FD26FCDB" bold="true" box="[207,694,769,795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ONTOGENY AND REPRODUCTION</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55ADFC346FE22FB5C" blockId="5.[109,792,837,1180]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Lack of information on breeding makes it difficult to determine the exact number of annual estrous cycles; however, available data indicate that breeding may be twice a year (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55882C386FF48FC7C" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A pregnant female was captured at Estação Ecológica Serra das Araras,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55B6FC3C6FE60FC1C" box="[296,496,965,988]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA55BBDC3C6FDAEFC1C" box="[506,574,965,988]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in July (dry season) with 3 embryos (Santos-Filho et al. 2001). Another pregnant female was captured at Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA558D0C406FC84FBDC" box="[663,788,1029,1052]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA55A2AC426FF21FBFC" box="[109,177,1061,1084]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in October (early wet season) with 1 embryo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55882C426FF4FFB9C" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Juveniles were taken in June (1 male—Terán et al. 2008), July (1 female—Santos-Filho et al. 2001), and November (1 male—Bezerra et al. 2007).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE6FFA65B3FC4EBFE99FDC2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE6FFA65B3FC4EBFE99FDC2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55B3FC4EBFD9EFAC2" blockId="5.[376,526,1256,1282]" box="[376,526,1256,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE6FFA55B3FC4EBFD9EFAC2" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[376,526,1256,1282]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55B3FC4EBFD9EFAC2" bold="true" box="[376,526,1256,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ECOLOGY</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55ADFC528FA10FEE2" blockId="5.[109,792,1323,1954]" lastBlockId="5.[840,1523,203,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55ADFC528FEF2FA82" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[152,354,1323,1346]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55ADFC528FEF2FA82" box="[152,354,1323,1346]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in tropical savanna and grassland habitats from the Cerrado and Beni domains within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA558EFC548FD79FAA2" box="[680,745,1355,1378]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA55A2AC568FF2EFA42" box="[109,190,1387,1410]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, respectively. Two records are also known for 2 Amazon savannas, Vilhena,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55B01C588FE60FA62" box="[326,496,1419,1442]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rondônia State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999), and Humaitá, Amazonas State (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA5586CC5A8FC98FA02" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[555,776,1451,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA55A2AC5C8FF21FA22" box="[109,177,1483,1506]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which are an enclave of savannas in the south of the Amazon domain. It has been reported to occur almost exclusively in unflooded grasslands termed “campo sujo” (an open grassland with some trees and shrubs) and “campo cerrado” (a shrubby vegetation with a ground cover of grasses—Miranda
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55A2AC668FF69F942" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[109,249,1643,1666]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55B40C668FE54F942" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[263,452,1643,1666]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999; Santos-Filho et al. 2001;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55BC1C688FDE3F962" author="RODRIGUES, F. H. G." box="[390,627,1675,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="589 - 600" refId="ref8543" refString="RODRIGUES, F. H. G., ET AL. 2002. Composicao e caracterizacao da fauna de mamiferos do Parque Nacional das Emas, Goias. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 19: 589 - 600." type="journal article" year="2002">Rodrigues et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA558C2C688FF32F902" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the arboreal dense savannas known as “cerrado sensu stricto” (woodland with an open canopy and some grass covering the ground—Bezerra et al. 2007), the arboreal savanna semievergreen “pampas-termitero” (a vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE6FFA55818C708FD1DF8E2" box="[607,653,1803,1826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of Bolivian savannas—Terán et al. 2008), and a flooded bamboo forest close to open grassland known as “la pampa” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55870C748FC98F8A2" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[567,776,1867,1890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These records, and the lack of occurrences in forested areas, suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55A88C788FEF8F862" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[207,360,1931,1954]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55A88C788FEF8F862" box="[207,360,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently restricted to open savanna and grassland habitats and it displays considerable patchiness in its distribution through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA55E03C0E8FB15FEC2" box="[1092,1157,235,258]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE6FFA55EFEC0E8FA9AFEC2" box="[1209,1290,235,258]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, despite the availability of potential optimal habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55EE1C108FAFFFEE2" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1190,1391,267,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55934C128FA29FD82" blockId="5.[840,1523,203,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
There are only a few reports based on direct observations documenting that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55E5FC148FB26FEA2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1048,1206,331,354]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55E5FC148FB26FEA2" box="[1048,1206,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has fossorial habits, roosting in burrows, and feeding on roots of grasses and arthropods (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55916C188FBAEFE62" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[849,1086,395,418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55E0AC188FA9AFE62" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[1101,1290,395,418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55F5EC188FA73FE62" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1305,1507,395,418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55EEDC1A8FABDFE02" box="[1194,1325,427,450]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, individuals were observed hunting and ingesting insects (Orthopetra and Isoptera) that were moving in the leaf litter inside the vivary where they were captive; insects were located by smell, captured with the forefeet and transferred to the mouth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55E98C228FA38FD82" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1247,1448,555,578]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55934C248FBBEFCE2" blockId="5.[840,1523,203,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55934C248FBE8FDA2" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[883,1144,587,610]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported observing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55F1FC248FA63FDA2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1368,1523,587,610]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55F1FC248FAFAFDA2" box="[1368,1386,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55F3CC248FA63FDA2" box="[1403,1523,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
building small galleries with grasses that were pulled from the surrounding area. Both adults and juveniles were captured in several localities in both rainy and dry seasons (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55F18C2A8FCEDFD22" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), rejecting the hypothesis advanced by Hershkovitz (1996) that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55930C2E8FB9DFCC2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[887,1037,747,770]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55930C2E8FB9DFCC2" box="[887,1037,747,770]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is seasonally fossorial, living in burrows during the rainy seasons.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55934C328FB0BFA02" blockId="5.[840,1523,203,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Adult individuals have been captured only with the use of Tomahawk® live traps (145 by 145 by
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE6FFA55EA2C348FAAEFCA2" box="[1253,1342,843,866]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="410.0">410 mm</quantity>
|
||
; Tomahawk Live Trap, LLC, Hazelhurst, Wisconsin), including 1 individual from Estação Ecológica Serra das Araras,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55E8BC388FA00FC62" box="[1228,1424,907,930]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55FE7C388FC29FC02" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and 7 individuals from Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA5590FC3C8FC55FC22" box="[840,965,971,994]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA5599EC3C8FB57FC22" author="RODRIGUES, F. H. G." box="[985,1223,971,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="589 - 600" refId="ref8543" refString="RODRIGUES, F. H. G., ET AL. 2002. Composicao e caracterizacao da fauna de mamiferos do Parque Nacional das Emas, Goias. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 19: 589 - 600." type="journal article" year="2002">Rodrigues et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55E9EC3C8FA3CFC22" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1241,1452,971,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). One juvenile was captured in a pitfall trap of 30 liters from Estação Ecológica Serra das Araras,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55EC6C408FADDFBE2" box="[1153,1357,1035,1058]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55F27C408FCEDFB82" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and another juvenile was captured with a Sherman® live trap (76 by 89 by
|
||
<quantity id="4CC21DEBFFE6FFA55E11C448FB3EFBA2" box="[1110,1198,1099,1122]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="229.0">229 mm</quantity>
|
||
; H. B. Sherman Traps, Inc., Tallahassee,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55995C468FBB1FB42" box="[978,1057,1131,1154]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
) in Pampas del Heath,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55F66C468FA63FB42" box="[1313,1523,1131,1154]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">La Paz Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55916C488FB92FB62" author="TERAN, M. F. & J. AYALA & J. C. HURTADO" box="[849,1026,1163,1186]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="129 - 133" refId="ref8834" refString="TERAN, M. F., J. AYALA, AND J. C. HURTADO. 2008. Primer registro de Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) en el norte del Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 15: 129 - 133." type="journal article" year="2008">Terán et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The use of traditional live traps for capturing nonvolant small mammals is not an efficient means to capture
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA5590FC4C8FC4FFB22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[840,991,1227,1250]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA5590FC4C8FC4FFB22" box="[840,991,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of its semifossorial habits and large body size (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA559C5C4E8FBD1FAC2" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[898,1089,1259,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The use of larger live traps and pitfall traps with buckets up to 60 liters is likely a better capture method to survey this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55E7FC528FA90FA82" author="BEZERRA, A. M. R. & A. P. CARMIGNOTTO & UNES, AND & F. H. G. RODRIGUES" box="[1080,1280,1323,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6542" refString="BEZERRA, A. M. R., A. P. CARMIGNOTTO, A. P. N UNES, AND F. H. G. RODRIGUES. 2007. New data on the distribution, natural history and morphology of Kunsia tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Zootaxa 1505: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2007">Bezerra et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Baits utilized to capture
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA5593DC548FB84FAA2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[890,1044,1355,1378]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA5593DC548FB84FAA2" box="[890,1044,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described as a mixture of barley with canned tuna, oats, and vanilla essence (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55F6BC568FA73FA42" author="TERAN, M. F. & J. AYALA & J. C. HURTADO" box="[1324,1507,1387,1410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="129 - 133" refId="ref8834" refString="TERAN, M. F., J. AYALA, AND J. C. HURTADO. 2008. Primer registro de Kunsia tomentosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) en el norte del Departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 15: 129 - 133." type="journal article" year="2008">Téran et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or one of us (AMRB) has had success using a mixture of banana, corn flour, and canned sardines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55934C5C8FB86F922" blockId="5.[840,1523,203,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Eight records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55E6FC5C8FB50FA22" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1064,1216,1483,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55E6FC5C8FB50FA22" box="[1064,1216,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6 captures and 2 sightings) obtained at Parque Nacional das Emas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA55EAAC5E8FAFAF9C2" box="[1261,1386,1515,1538]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, suggest that this species is nocturnal or crepuscular because the traps were reset twice per day (morning after 0800 h and afternoon after 1400 h—Bezerra et al. 2007). One individual was hand-captured during the night at Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE6FFA5590FC688FBD9F962" box="[840,1097,1675,1698]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Cabot-Nieves 1996). Additional individuals have been secured by dogs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55EB6C6A8FA7BF902" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." box="[1265,1515,1707,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA5590FC6C8FB95F922" author="HERSHKOVITZ, P." box="[840,1029,1739,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 149" refId="ref7338" refString="HERSHKOVITZ, P. 1966. South American swamp and fossorial rats of the scapteromyine group (Cricetinae, Muridae) with comments on the glans penis in murid taxonomy. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde 31: 81 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Hershkovitz 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE6FFA55934C6E8FB08F862" blockId="5.[840,1523,203,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55934C6E8FBD0F8C2" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[883,1088,1771,1794]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55934C6E8FBD0F8C2" box="[883,1088,1771,1794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hosts the ectoparasite
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55F03C6E8FA63F8C2" box="[1348,1523,1771,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riberoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55F03C6E8FA63F8C2" box="[1348,1523,1771,1794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gyropus riberoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55917C708FC31F8E2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[848,929,1803,1826]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Insecta</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA559F5C708FBA9F8E2" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1896" box="[946,1081,1803,1826]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Phthiraptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Amblycera), described from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54810EACFFE6FFA55F82C708FA63F8E2" box="[1477,1523,1803,1826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA559E1C728FB56F882" authorityName=": Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[934,1222,1835,1858]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gnambiquarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA559E1C728FB56F882" box="[934,1222,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scapteromys gnambiquarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55E92C728FAFDF882" author="WERNECK, F. L." box="[1237,1389,1835,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="597 - 599" refId="ref9166" refString="WERNECK, F. L. 1935. Oito especies novas de Mallophaga encontradas em mammiferos (Nota previa). Brasil-Medico 49: 597 - 599." type="journal article" year="1935">Werneck 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA55F3EC728FA3EF882" author="WERNECK, F. L." box="[1401,1454,1835,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="391 - 589" refId="ref9194" refString="WERNECK, F. L. 1936. Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos Mallophagos encontrados nos mamiferos sul-americanos. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 31: 391 - 589." type="journal article" year="1936">1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This louse is widespread in caviomorph rodents (Castro and Cicchino 1978), suggesting its presence in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE6FFA55EF7C768FB6BF842" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[1200,1275,1899,1922]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE6FFA55EF7C768FB6BF842" box="[1200,1275,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a case of accidental infection (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE6FFA559F1C788FB18F862" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[950,1160,1931,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE5FFA65ADFC0C8FE99FDC2" blockId="6.[109,792,203,514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
There are no data about predation on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65876C0C8FDECFF22" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[561,636,203,226]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65876C0C8FDECFF22" box="[561,636,203,226]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the fossil and recent material recovered from the Lagoa Santa area have been attributed to owl trophic activities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65816C108FD55FEE2" author="LUND, P. W." box="[593,709,267,290]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref7552" refString="LUND, P. W. 1840. Tillaeg til de to sidste Afhandlinger over Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Lagoa Santa, den 4 de April 1839. Kongelige Danske Videnskaberns Selskabs Naturvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandling 3: 1 - 24, 3 pls. [Preprint of Lund, P. W. 1841.]" type="book chapter" year="1840">Lund 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65895C108FF32FE82" author="WINGE, H." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The age of the fossils from “Lapa da Escrivania Nr. 5,” mostly juvenile individuals, is in accordance with the expected age profile for a preyed sample of this large rodent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA658C1C168FF32FE62" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The human consumption of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65BADC188FD12FE62" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[490,642,395,418]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65BADC188FD12FE62" box="[490,642,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recorded for the ethnographical group Nhambiquara (= Nambikwara) that inhabit the northwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE5FFA65BC1C1C8FDC9FE22" box="[390,601,459,482]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE5FFA6582FC1C8FD39FE22" box="[616,681,459,482]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA658F9C1C8FF69FDC2" author="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref7814" refString="MIRANDA RIBEIRO, A. 1914. Historia Natural. Zoologia. Cebidae, Hapalidae; Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Phyllostomatidae; Felidae, Mustelidae, Canidae, Procyonidae; Tapyridae; Suidae, Cervidae; Sciuridae, Muridae, Octodontidae, Coenduidae, Dasuproctidae, Caviidae e Leporidae; Platanistidae; Bradynodidae, Myrmecophagidae, Dasypodidae; Didelphyidae. Comissao de linhas telegraficas estrategicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas 13, Anexo 5: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1914">Miranda Ribeiro 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE5FFA65B30C23EFD91F998" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE5FFA65B30C23EFD91F998" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE5FFA65B30C23EFD9FFD97" blockId="6.[375,527,573,599]" box="[375,527,573,599]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE5FFA65B30C23EFD9FFD97" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[375,527,573,599]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65B30C23EFD9FFD97" bold="true" box="[375,527,573,599]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">GENETICS</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE5FFA65ADFC282FF7DFB58" blockId="6.[109,792,641,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The karyotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65B25C282FDBFFD58" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[354,559,641,664]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65B25C282FDBFFD58" box="[354,559,641,664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C7B87FFE5FFA658EBC282FD68FD58" box="[684,760,641,664]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
of Vilhena,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE5FFA65A96C2A2FEEAFD78" box="[209,378,673,696]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rondônia State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, is formed by 21 pairs of acrocentric autosomes (diploid number [2n] = 44, fundamental autosome number [FN] = 42—Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999). Sexdetermining chromosomes are a median acrocentric X and a small acrocentric Y. C-banding revealed blocks of constitutive heterochromatin associated with the centromeres of all autosomes and of the X chromosome. Chromosome comparisons between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65A95C382FE8DFC58" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[210,285,897,920]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65A95C382FE8DFC58" box="[210,285,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65B1EC382FE70FC58" box="[345,480,897,920]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65B1EC382FE70FC58" box="[345,480,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggest that they are sister taxa and show differences in diploid numbers with a 2n of 36, 34, 32, and 24 reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65BF6C3C2FF7EFC38" authority="(Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Andrades-Miranda" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65BF6C3C2FDA8FC18" box="[433,568,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
(Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Futher differences include the lack of any shared G-banded autosomes, very different C-band patterns, a different number of chromosomal arms associated with the nuclear organizing region between the 2 genera, and differences in the sequence composition of the telomeric DNA (Andrades-Miranda et al. 1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE5FFA65ADFC4A2FD91F998" blockId="6.[109,792,641,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Within the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65B2EC4A2FE75FB78" box="[361,485,1185,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Akodontini">Akodontini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, molecular markers, both nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences (IRBP and Cyt
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65943C4C2FC81FB18" box="[772,785,1217,1240]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">b</emphasis>
|
||
, respectively), consistently recovered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65BBCC4E2FDD6FB38" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[507,582,1249,1272]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65BBCC4E2FDD6FB38" box="[507,582,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a sister group to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65A2AC502FF64FAD8" box="[109,244,1281,1304]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65A2AC502FF64FAD8" box="[109,244,1281,1304]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Smith and Patton 1999;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65842C502FD18FAD8" author="D'ELIA, G." box="[517,648,1281,1304]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="307 - 323" refId="ref6750" refString="D'ELIA, G. 2003. Phylogenetics of Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Muroidea, Cricetidae), with special reference to the akodont group, and with additional comments on historical biogeography. Cladistics 19: 307 - 323." type="journal article" year="2003">D’Elía 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA658D1C502FF32FAF8" author="D'ELIA, G. & U. F. J. PARDINAS & P. MYERS" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref6906" refString="D'ELIA, G., U. F. J. PARDINAS, AND P. MYERS. 2005. An introduction to the genus Bibimys (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae): phylogenetic position and alpha taxonomy. Pp. 211 - 246 in Mammalian diversification: from chromosomes to phylogeography. A celebration of the career of James L. Patton (E. A. Lacey and P. Myers, eds.). University of California Publications in Zoology 133." type="book" year="2005">D’Elía et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65AF4C522FE19FAF8" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[179,393,1313,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65BDDC522FDF4FAF8" author="SCHENK, J. J. & K. C. ROWE & S. J. STEPPAN" box="[410,612,1313,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="837 - 864" refId="ref8747" refString="SCHENK, J. J., K. C. ROWE, AND S. J. STEPPAN. 2013. Ecological opportunity and incumbency in the diversification of repeated continental colonizations by muroid rodents. Systematic Biology 62: 837 - 864." type="journal article" year="2013">Schenk et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In a combined analysis, both genera were grouped into the informal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA658D6C542FC88FA98" box="[657,792,1345,1368]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA658D6C542FC88FA98" box="[657,792,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Division (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65A9BC562FEF3FAB8" author="D'ELIA, G." box="[220,355,1377,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="307 - 323" refId="ref6750" refString="D'ELIA, G. 2003. Phylogenetics of Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Muroidea, Cricetidae), with special reference to the akodont group, and with additional comments on historical biogeography. Cladistics 19: 307 - 323." type="journal article" year="2003">D’Elía 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65B32C562FDAFFAB8" author="PARADA, A. & U. F. J. PARDINAS & BRAVO, G. & D'ELIA, AND & E. PALMA" box="[373,575,1377,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="960 - 968" refId="ref8031" refString="PARADA, A., U. F. J. PARDINAS, J. SALAZAR- BRAVO, G. D'ELIA, AND E. PALMA. 2013. Dating an impressive Neotropical radiation: molecular time estimates for the Sigmodontinae (Rodentia) provide insights into its historical biogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 66: 960 - 968." type="journal article" year="2013">Parada et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is important to remark that there are no molecular data for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA6581FC582FD7EFA58" authorityName="Pardinas, D'Elia, and Teta" authorityYear="2009" box="[600,750,1409,1432]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Gyldenstolpia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA6581FC582FD7EFA58" box="[600,750,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gyldenstolpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, an akodontine genus that is phenotypically close to both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA658E6C5A2FD7CFA78" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[673,748,1441,1464]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA658E6C5A2FD7CFA78" box="[673,748,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65A2AC5C2FE7BFA18" authority="(Pardinas et al. 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Pardinas" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[109,491,1473,1496]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65A2AC5C2FF64FA18" box="[109,244,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65B41C5C2FE70FA18" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[262,480,1473,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Divergence in the mtDNA cytochrome-
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65AB3C5E2FE91FA38" box="[244,257,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">b</emphasis>
|
||
gene for
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C7B87FFE5FFA65B23C5E2FE76FA38" box="[356,486,1505,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65840C5E2FD0DFA38" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[519,669,1505,1528]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65840C5E2FD0DFA38" box="[519,669,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">K. tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3 Bolivian and 1 Brazilian, ranged from 0.2% to 2.1%; for the same marker, the divergence observed between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65BADC622FDA5F9F8" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityYear="1966" box="[490,565,1569,1592]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65BADC622FDA5F9F8" box="[490,565,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65834C622FD6AF9F8" box="[627,762,1569,1592]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Scapteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65834C622FD6AF9F8" box="[627,762,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scapteromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is about 15% (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65AB7C642FE64F998" author="PARDINAS, U. F. J. & G. D'ELIA & P. TETA" box="[240,500,1601,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="509 - 594" refId="ref8221" refString="PARDINAS, U. F. J., G. D'ELIA, AND P. TETA. 2009. Una introduccion a los mayores sigmodontinos vivientes: revision de Kunsia Hershkovitz, 1966 y descripcion de un nuevo genero (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66: 509 - 594 [Number 3 - 4 of the Arquivos in which this paper appeared is dated " jul. / dez. 2008 " but did not appear until 2009.]" type="journal article" year="2009">Pardiñas et al. 2009:548</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2B5A9E5FFE5FFA65B08C691FABDFEA2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320E385FFE5FFA65B08C691FABDFEA2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE5FFA65B08C691FDA6F96C" blockId="6.[335,566,1682,1708]" box="[335,566,1682,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="D0CD0762FFE5FFA65B08C691FDA6F96C" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[335,566,1682,1708]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65B08C691FDA6F96C" bold="true" box="[335,566,1682,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">CONSERVATION</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85B00EFFE5FFA65ADFC6D5FABDFEA2" blockId="6.[109,792,1750,1933]" lastBlockId="6.[840,1523,203,354]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Currently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ACB8DFFE5FFA65B48C6D5FE4CF92D" baseAuthorityName="Hershkovitz" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[271,476,1750,1773]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kunsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomentosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65B48C6D5FE4CF92D" box="[271,476,1750,1773]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kunsia tomentosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not included as a threatened species in any threatened red list. It is classified as “Least Concern” by the
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E6C1CFFE5FFA65B67C715FD2CF88D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Red List of Threatened Species</emphasis>
|
||
because although it is rarely recorded, not abundant and patchy within its wide distribution, it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category (Marinho- Filho and Vieira 2008). However, the lack of new records for Lagoa Santa area,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE7EECFFE5FFA65E4BC108FB49FEE2" box="[1036,1241,267,290]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Minas Gerais State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DF09EFFE5FFA65EA3C108FAB8FEE2" box="[1252,1320,267,290]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from where it was recorded around 1840 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABCDFFFFE5FFA65E01C128FB59FE82" author="WINGE, H." box="[1094,1225,299,322]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref9223" refString="WINGE, H. 1887. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. E Museo Lundii 1: 1 - 178 + 18 pls." type="book chapter" year="1887">Winge 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) strongly suggests the possibility of recent local or regional extirpation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |