544 lines
71 KiB
XML
544 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="ABB2A9F44B8E1A617A096B979DCA9A2F" ID-CLB-Dataset="26158" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4645.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a68c09f-52e1-4378-90cf-1558f7252663" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3345447" ID-ZooBank="01C0687D-D282-4E0C-8C3E-C2E70956C493" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563784763385" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sharifi, Negar Mir, Graham, Liam & Packer, Laurence" docDate="2019" docId="396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4645.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4645 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Liphanthus sapos Sharifi & Graham & Packer 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="64659156-3FC3-4D9A-93D4-1C7F70E71B2F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="C5520604FFC33B597502FF8EC25FFFE9" masterDocTitle="Fifteen new species of Liphanthus Reed (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) with two submarginal cells" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698746939489" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D0034B009E67ED98A28EFE2FBD70E983" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7C35A7AB5DED7DA62261313A324B505F">
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<mods:title id="18827F786A96308BAADFF381C0C3C664">Fifteen new species of Liphanthus Reed (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) with two submarginal cells</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="337F3D0BE646B7B08FC0C73FEABA8150" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="046E5A8912B5D1638E36F832FEF469EB">Sharifi, Negar Mir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="088B014291A6EC96C031987A086B07E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AD6320D581A51A402CEBEA51E73FA9CD">Graham, Liam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="D71B87A70574B62F36A4C2045BBDAB0E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4981AB7519EA390F698388A9022B7FDB">Packer, Laurence</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6AB2269462B8ACB19A05D4C2CAC43EFB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A1E92D36B2574CB96CE0001BE487ECB2">
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<mods:date id="6201F9B9F06C80DD43D18F7CBD2E423E">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E48ACB42D261B01FB17557D675AA4E73">2019-07-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1A0C38BCD894D5C86F1AD404F734D505">4645</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="0ED5C7F8547F9081CDF492F929F0C3E1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8B1EB309E4B0F357139CC8FAB451FC49" type="CLB-Dataset">26158</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C53EE38FA1709FB9C9E8018D359B6DB3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4645.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158756607" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:64659156-3FC3-4D9A-93D4-1C7F70E71B2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="F9D89CE1FFC83B527595FD07C1E1FD21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B527595FD07C0B3FD4D" blockId="11.[151,958,649,748]" box="[151,748,649,676]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="EA357806FFC83B527595FD07C0B3FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,748,649,676]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527595FD07C0B3FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,748,649,676]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B527595FD07C0DEFD4D" authority="Mir Sharifi & Packer" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,641,649,676]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapos" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527595FD07C331FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,366,649,676]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Liphanthus sapos</emphasis>
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Mir Sharifi & Packer
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9885AE03FFC83B52778CFD04C0B3FD4D" box="[654,748,650,676]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B527595FD23C1E1FD21" blockId="11.[151,958,649,748]" box="[151,958,685,712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<uri id="C553C368FFC83B527595FD23C1E1FD21" box="[151,958,685,712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="C564F5BFFFC83B5274AFFD23C1E1FD21" box="[429,958,685,712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">64659156-3FC3-4D9A-93D4-1C7F70E71B2F</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F9D89CE1FFC83B527595FD5FC064FD05" box="[151,571,721,748]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B527595FD5FC064FD05" blockId="11.[151,958,649,748]" box="[151,571,721,748]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B527595FD5FC340FD05" box="[151,287,721,748]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–25" captionStart-1="FIGURE 30" captionStartId-0="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1380,1172,1957]" captionTargetId-0="figure@13.[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[207,1380,1172,1957]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–25. Liphanthus sapos sp. nov., male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 30. Type locality of L. sapos sp. nov., to the east of the Pan American highway, west of Los Sapos." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3345459/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 20–30</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B52742BFD5CC30AFD05" box="[297,341,722,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 128–132" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1506,1531]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1435,181,1486]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 128–132. 128: L. sapos metasoma oblique ventral view to show yellow sterna and ventrally reflexed portions of terga, 129: L. discolor metasoma in ventral view to show sterna suffused with brown and pale marks on reflexed portions only on more apical terga (arrows), 130: L. molavi—metasoma in lateral view to show dark metasomal sterna and lateral margins of terga, 131: L. jenamro mandible to show tuft of specialized hairs where lamellate outer ridge (red arrow) meets ventral margin, 132: L. molavi mandible to show unmodified outer ridge (red arrow) and absence of tuft of specialized hairs. Scale bars Figs.128–130 0.5mm, Figs. 131–132 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345503/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">128</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B527463FD5FC3D2FD02" box="[353,397,721,747]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–136" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1763,1788]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1039,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1435,1039,1743]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 135–136. Liphanthus spp. head, frontal view: 135: L. jenamro to show dark marked base of clypeus and dark sub- antennal sclerite, 136: L. sapos to show lack of dark marking at base of clypeus and mostly pale subantennal sclerite. Scale bars 0.5mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345507/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">136</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B52749BFD5CC39AFD05" box="[409,453,722,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–138" captionStartId="61.[151,264,608,633]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,588]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1435,181,588]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 137–138. Liphanthus sp. ventral view of metasoma: 137: L. discolor holotype to show brown suffused sterna and lack of pale marking laterally on T2 (arrow); 138: L. sapos to show lack of brown suffusion on metasomal sterna and yellow lateral tergal markings that extend also to T2 (arrow). Scale bars 0.5mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345509/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">138</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B5274D3FD5FC068FD05" box="[465,567,721,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 173–176" captionStartId="70.[151,264,1085,1110]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1065]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1435,181,1065]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 173–176. 173: L. jenamro metatibia to show narrowly yellow base and orange apex, 174: L. jenamro metatibial spur to show teeth longer than basal width, 175: L. sapos Metatibia to show broadly yellow base and yellow apex, 176: L. sapos metatibial spur to show teeth no longer than basal width. Scale bars Figs. 173 & 175 0.5mm, Figs. 174 & 176 50μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345529/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">175–176</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F9D89CE1FFC83B567595FC97C7C4FB97" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B527595FC97C763FAE1" blockId="11.[151,1437,793,2044]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527595FC97C34BFCDD" bold="true" box="[151,276,793,820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Males of this species can be differentiated from all others of the genus, except
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B5271C6FC94C71EFCDA" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[1220,1345,794,819]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5271C6FC94C71EFCDA" box="[1220,1345,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by the combination of two submarginal cells (
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B527753FCB3C0F9FCB1" box="[593,678,829,856]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20–25. Liphanthus sapos sp. nov., male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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), metatibial spurs strongly curved at apices (as in Figs. 28–29) and metasomal sterna yellow (
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B5274C1FCEFC046FC95" box="[451,537,865,892]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20–25. Liphanthus sapos sp. nov., male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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). Other species with two submarginal cells, except
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B527165FCECC6BCFC92" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[1127,1251,866,891]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527165FCECC6BCFC92" box="[1127,1251,866,891]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, have either the metasomal sterna brown or the metatibial spurs only weakly curved. It can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B5271D5FC08C70EFC76" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[1239,1361,902,927]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5271D5FC08C70EFC76" box="[1239,1361,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the first flagellar segment shorter or equal to its width and the clypeus and lower 4/5 of the subantennal sclerite yellow (
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B5275A2FC43C2AEFC01" box="[160,241,973,1000]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20–25. Liphanthus sapos sp. nov., male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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) whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B527483FC40C3A4FC0E" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[385,507,974,999]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527483FC40C3A4FC0E" box="[385,507,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the first flagellar segment is longer than wide and the subantennal sclerite is black (
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<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B5275A2FC7FC2AFFBE5" box="[160,240,1009,1036]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–15" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1944,1969]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,186,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[203,1385,186,1925]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 10–15. Liphanthus jenamro sp. nov., male. 10: male holotype lateral habitus, 11: male paratype head frontal view, 12: male holotype metasoma oblique ventral view to show colouration, 13: S7, 14: S8, 15: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 10–12 1mm, Figs. 13–15 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345453/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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), rarely with a small apical pale spot. As for
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B5277E2FC7CC106FBE2" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[736,857,1010,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5277E2FC7CC106FBE2" box="[736,857,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, if
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B52767DFC7CC658FBE2" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[895,1031,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domeykoi">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B52767DFC7CC658FBE2" box="[895,1031,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. domeykoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, described above, is also considered to have strongly curved metatibial spurs, then
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<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B5277A5FB98C159FBC6" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[679,774,1046,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapos">
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<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5277A5FB98C159FBC6" box="[679,774,1046,1071]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. sapos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from it by the almost entirely blackbrown trochanters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B527473FBB7C39DFBBD" box="[369,450,1081,1108]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20–25. Liphanthus sapos sp. nov., male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) which are yellow to yellow-brown ventrally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B5276DDFBB4C638FBBA" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[991,1127,1081,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domeykoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5276DDFBB4C638FBBA" box="[991,1127,1081,1107]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. domeykoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B527174FBB7C751FBBD" box="[1142,1294,1081,1108]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–33" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1968]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,185,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[203,1385,185,1924]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31–33. Liphanthus domeykoi sp. nov., holotype. 31: lateral habitus, 32: head frontal view, 33: posterior part of meso- and most of metasoma oblique ventral view to show yellow ventral surface of trochanters (red arrows) and concave and yellow metasomal sterna. Scale bars 1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345461/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 31 &33</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females of this species can be differentiated from all other species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B52765FFBD0C188FB9E" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[861,983,1118,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B52765FFBD0C188FB9E" box="[861,983,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the combination of two submarginal cells and metatibial spurs strongly curved at apices and pronotal lobe yellow (Fig. 26). Females can be differentiated from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B527431FB28C3F3FB56" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[307,428,1190,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527431FB28C3F3FB56" box="[307,428,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the metatibia with reduced dark markings and the posterior metatibial spurs with broad teeth, as long as wide (Figs. 28–29). For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B52775FFB44C089FB0A" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[605,726,1226,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B52775FFB44C089FB0A" box="[605,726,1226,1251]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. jenamro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females, the metatibia (except base yellow and apex reddish) is black and the posterior metatibial spurs have narrow teeth, twice as long as their basal width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFC83B5271B3FB63C770FAE1" box="[1201,1327,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–19" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1673,1698]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,201,1653]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1435,201,1654]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16–19. Liphanthus jenamro sp. nov., female allotype. 16: lateral habitus, 17: face frontal view, 18: apex of tibia to show curved metatibial spurs, 19: ESEM of metatibial spurs. Scale bars Figs. 16–17 1mm, Fig. 18 0.25mm, Fig. 19 100μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345455/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 18–19</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B5275C5FA9FC0CEFAB9" blockId="11.[151,1437,793,2044]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5275C5FA9FC040FAC5" bold="true" box="[199,543,1297,1324]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Description.
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFC83B527461FA9CC38FFAC5" box="[355,464,1298,1324]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Male:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B527728FA9CC0E8FAC2" box="[554,695,1298,1323]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Dimensions:</emphasis>
|
||
Approximate body length:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFC83B5276FAFA9CC607FAC5" box="[1016,1112,1298,1324]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.04" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.04">4.04mm</quantity>
|
||
; head width:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFC83B5271F5FA9FC709FAC2" box="[1271,1366,1297,1323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.16">1.16mm</quantity>
|
||
, wing length:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFC83B5275EEFABBC314FAA6" box="[236,331,1333,1359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.63">2.63mm</quantity>
|
||
, intertegular width:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFC83B52772FFAB8C0D2FAB9" box="[557,653,1334,1360]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.73">0.73mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B5275C5FAD7C604F986" blockId="11.[151,1437,793,2044]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5275C5FAD7C314FA9A" box="[199,331,1369,1395]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Coloration:</emphasis>
|
||
Black to dark brown with following parts yellow: labrum, mandible (except apex orange-red and extreme base dark brown), clypeus, lower paraocular area below from basal 1/4 of outer subantennal suture, subantennal sclerite (except upper 1/5), pronotal lobe, anterior spot on tegula, small apical mark on [procoxa] metacoxa and metatrochanter, apical ring on all femora, [pro-] and mesotibiae (except brown for most of ventral surface at midlength), metatibia (except small brown mark on posteroventral surface), all basitarsi and second tarsomeres (third yellow-brown, fourth and pretarsi orange-brown), ventrally reflexed portions of metasomal terga, T7 and S2–S6 (S1 red-brown). Ventral surface of flagellum yellowish, dorsal surface red-brown to orange-brown. Apical impressed areas of metasomal terga amber, narrowly margined with orange anteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFC83B5575C5F9F7C35DFF3E" blockId="11.[151,1437,793,2044]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFC83B5275C5F9F7C365F97A" box="[199,314,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sculpture:</emphasis>
|
||
Yellow portion of face and narrow strip on lower paraocular area adjacent to compound eye lacking microsculpture, shiny; black portion of face densely minutely tuberculate, dull except supraclypeal area below lower tangent of antennal sockets weakly imbricate shiny; clypeus and yellow portion of paraocular area punctures variable in size, mostly large, shallow, irregularly spaced, i=0.2–2d; subantennal sclerite with scattered, shallow punctures; punctures on rest of face and vertexal area shallow, difficult to detect among coarse imbrication, i>d; genal and hypostomal area weakly imbricate, shiny; punctures shallow, irregularly spaced, i=1–6d.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFC83B5271D4F8A0C710F8A1" box="[1238,1359,1838,1864]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
imbricate, generally dull; mesoscutum punctures shallow, irregularly spaced, i=0.5–2.5d; scutellum imbricate, somewhat dull, sparsely and obscurely punctate, i>2d; metanotum punctures obscure, irregularly spaced, i=0.2–2d; hypoepimeral area impunctate; rest of mesopleuron and metapleuron punctures shallow, sparse, i>2d; propodeum distinctly and densely punctate below, i~d, obscurely punctate elsewhere. Metasomal terga strongly imbricate, dull becoming more weakly imbricate and somewhat shiny from T1–T7; punctures shallow, obscure among coarse imbrication; T7 punctures distinct, moderately dense, i=0.5–2d; metasomal sterna weakly imbricate, shiny; punctures minute, scattered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FF6FC0DAFEAA" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FF6FC30BFF12" box="[199,340,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pubescence:</emphasis>
|
||
Generally white, sparse with short branches; ~1.5
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCF3B557694FF6FC188FF12" box="[918,983,225,251]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" name="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="University or college">MOD</collectionCode>
|
||
on most of head and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCF3B5571CDFF6FC717FF12" box="[1231,1352,225,251]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">mesosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, longer on scutellum and mesopleuron, ~2
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCF3B55771EFE8BC03DFEF6" box="[540,610,261,287]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" name="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="University or college">MOD</collectionCode>
|
||
; short and laterally oriented on dorsal surface of metapostnotum; simple, short, laterally oriented on metasomal terga.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FEC3C69FFD26" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FEC3C322FE8E" box="[199,381,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Structure: Head</emphasis>
|
||
: almost as long as wide (73:73). Mandible length to basal depth 51:24, lower margin at midlength with erect pencil of branched hairs, branches long and on only one side of rachis, outer ridge lamellate. Labrum rectangular ~ 1.5 X as broad as long (33:21). Clypeus ~ 1.7 X as wide as long (66:38); apicolateral and apicomedial margins almost straight. Outer subantennal suture strongly curved near base, otherwise straight, inner suture straight, sutures convergent below, subantennal sclerite widest near base; epistomal suture curved between inner subantennal sutures.Anterior tentorial pit below junction of outer subantennal and epistomal sutures by almost minimum diameter of F1. Frontal line imperceptible for most of length. IAD subequal to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="73060188FFCF3B557169FDABC6F7FDD6" box="[1131,1192,549,575]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">AOD</collectingRegion>
|
||
(17:18). Inner margin of compound eyes convergent below, UOD:LOD 84:76. Facial fovea small, elongate,
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCF3B557155FDC7C626FD8A" box="[1111,1145,585,611]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">4X</date>
|
||
longer than wide, subparallel to inner margin of compound eye.
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCF3B557758FDE3C0D3FD6E" box="[602,652,621,647]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5rz8-qnyy" name="Colecao de Culturas de Fungos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">IOC</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCF3B557792FDE3C091FD6E" box="[656,718,621,647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">OOC</collectionCode>
|
||
22.5:20. Scape 1.5 X as long as greatest width (20:13), shorter than pedicel and F1 combined (17); pedicel shorter than wide (9:10), F1 and F2 with length and width subequal, remaining flagellomeres slightly longer than wide except F11 ~ 1.5 X as long as width (19:13).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FD54C338FCB6" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCF3B5575C5FD54C380FD1A" authority=": Mesoscutum" authorityName="Mesoscutum" box="[199,479,729,755]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FD54C360FD1A" box="[199,319,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
: Mesoscutum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
~1.15 X as wide as long (72:63), length of scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum: 27:15:18. Marginal cell longer than distance between its apex to wing tip (69:59). Metatibial spurs strongly curved at apices, subequal in length. Posterior metatarsal claw with axe-shaped tooth, anterior claw with tooth broad; claws of other tarsi cleft.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FCE4C02DFB02" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FCE4C363FC6A" box="[199,316,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
: Broadest at midlength of T3. Pygidial plate absent. S1–S5 unmodified, S6 apicomedially translucent and weakly concave, premarginal line bearing few setae along sides of concavity and apically. S7. Apodeme long and broad, anterior margin obtuse; apical lobe slightly longer than wide, broadly rounded, posterior margin with sparse moderately short posteriorly oriented hairs, hairs less than half width of lobe. S8. Anterior margin sinuate and broad, anterolateral margins strongly diverging anteriorly; lateral lobe small, apex acute, recurved anteriorly; apical lobe broadly rounded, tongued-shaped, lateral margins convex, short spicules on apical half of dorsal surface. Gonocoxa anterodorsal margin transverse, lateral margins straight, diverging posteriorly, medial margin almost straight; gonostylus distinctly separated from gonocoxa by weakly sclerotized band, narrow, gradually narrowing to apex, posteromedially curved, short hairs on medial and ventral surfaces; penis valve broad, lateral margin broadly biconvex in dorsal view. Endophallus anterior sclerotized fluting long and narrow, apical membranous portion not extending to apex of penis valve (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFCF3B557710FB5FC039FB02" box="[530,614,1232,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20–25. Liphanthus sapos sp. nov., male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FB7AC6E4FAE6" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" box="[199,1211,1268,1295]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FB7AC3CBFAE6" bold="true" box="[199,404,1268,1295]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCF3B5575C5FB7AC373FAE6" box="[199,300,1268,1295]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Female:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male except for usual sexually dimorphic features and as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FA94C315FABE" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FA94C30BFADA" box="[199,340,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Dimensions:</emphasis>
|
||
Approximate body length:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCF3B55779EFA97C0A3FADA" box="[668,764,1305,1331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.81" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="4.81">4.81mm</quantity>
|
||
; head width:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCF3B55769DFA97C1A0FADA" box="[927,1023,1305,1331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="1.21">1.21mm</quantity>
|
||
, wing length:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCF3B5571AEFA97C754FADA" box="[1196,1291,1305,1331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.13">3.13mm</quantity>
|
||
, intertegular width:
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCF3B5575E4FAB2C319FABE" box="[230,326,1340,1367]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.85">0.85mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5FAEFC3ADF9BA" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5FAEFC314FA92" box="[199,331,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coloration:</emphasis>
|
||
Black with following parts yellow: mandible (except apical 1/4 orange-red, third quarter orange), pronotal lobe, anterior spot on tegula, extreme apex of trochanters, apical ring on all femora, dorsal surface of basal 2/3 of protibia, basal ring on probasitarsus, basal ring on mesotibia and marks on reflexed portions of T3–T5. Following parts yellow-brown: apicoventral spot on F1–F3, ventral surfaces of F4–F10, probasitarsus medially, apical ring on mesotibia, base of mesobasitarsus, basal1/3 and apical ring on metatibia. Dorsal surface of F3–F10 red-brown. T3–T6 orange-brown, metasomal sterna orange. Apical impressed areas of metasomal terga amber, margined anteriorly by orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCF3B5575C5F9D3C170F836" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCF3B5575C5F9D3C365F99E" box="[199,314,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sculpture:</emphasis>
|
||
Face below antennal socket and upper paraocular area adjacent to compound eye mostly lacking microsculpture, shiny; rest of face acinose to minutely tuberculate, dull; clypeus punctures variable in size, moderately dense, i=1–1.5d; lower paraocular area punctures more distinct, moderately sparse, i=1–2d; subantennal and supraclypeal areas punctures mostly small, spacing variable, i=0.5–2d; genal and hypostomal areas weakly imbricate, shiny, with scattered shallow punctures, i>2d. Mesoscutum imbricate, dull, punctures obscure, i=1–3d; scutellum more weakly imbricate, punctures more distinct, variable in size and spacing, i=1–4d; metanotum imbricate, dull, punctures small and obscure; sides of thorax imbricate, somewhat dull, hypoepimeral area rugoso-punctate anteriorly, rest of mesopleuron minutely, sparsely punctate, i>2d; metepisternum obscurely punctate. Metapostnotum dorsal surface rugulose, Propodeum imbricate, somewhat shiny. T1–T5 increasingly weakly imbricate, T1 dull, T5 somewhat shiny, with minute, scattered punctures except T5 distinctly punctate, i>d basally, i~d apically; metasomal sterna weakly imbricate, shiny, punctures small, i>d.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E5BD9FE2FFCE3B547595FAF2C019FA34" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345457/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,264,1404,1429]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1385]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCE3B547595FAF2C019FA34" blockId="13.[151,1437,1404,1501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCE3B547595FAF2C311FA7C" bold="true" box="[151,334,1404,1429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURES 20–25</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCE3B54745EFAF3C050FA7C" authority="Sharifi & Graham & Packer, 2019" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[348,527,1405,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCE3B54745EFAF3C050FA7C" box="[348,527,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Liphanthus sapos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCE3B547714FAF3C031FA7C" bold="true" box="[534,622,1405,1429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9885AE03FFCE3B547714FAF3C035FA7C" box="[534,618,1405,1429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
male, 20: paratype lateral habitus, 21: holotype head frontal view, 22: paratype upper paraocular and frontal areas to show facial fovea (red arrow), 23: S7, 24: S8, 25: genital capsule. Scale bars Figs. 20–21 1mm, Fig. 22 50μm, Figs. 23–25 0.25mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCE3B5475C5F9BEC0ABF978" blockId="13.[151,1437,1583,1970]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCE3B5475C5F9BEC30BF9A3" box="[199,340,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pubescence:</emphasis>
|
||
Seemingly abraded on most of head and mesosomal dorsum, otherwise longest on tibial scopa ~2.5
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCE3B5475CBF9DDC351F987" box="[201,270,1619,1646]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" name="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="University or college">MOD</collectionCode>
|
||
; <1.5
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCE3B54744AF9DDC3D3F987" box="[328,396,1619,1646]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" name="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="University or college">MOD</collectionCode>
|
||
on genal area and sides of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCE3B5477BAF9DAC16DF987" box="[696,818,1620,1646]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">mesosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Dorsal surface of metapostnotum hairs plumose, short, ~0.5
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCE3B5475CBF9F9C351F97B" box="[201,270,1655,1682]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" name="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="University or college">MOD</collectionCode>
|
||
. Prepygidial fimbria pale straw, ~1.6
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCE3B5477ABF9F9C0B0F978" box="[681,751,1655,1681]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14382" name="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="University or college">MOD</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCE3B5775C5F912C1EFF8FA" blockId="13.[151,1437,1583,1970]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,1713,1811]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCE3B5475C5F912C321F95F" box="[199,382,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Structure: Head</emphasis>
|
||
: slightly wider than long (86:82). [Mandible length not measured due to degree of abrasion of apex of pollex]. Labrum ~1.5 X as wide as long (37:26), raised area sides straight, convergent below, curved to transverse apex. Clypeus more than
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCE3B54772EF96AC00AF917" box="[556,597,1764,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">2 X</date>
|
||
as wide as long (80:35). Outer subantennal suture straight, inner subantennal suture briefly outwardly concave near antennal socket. Frontal line narrowly depressed below, absent above. IAD=
|
||
<collectingRegion id="73060188FFCE3B5475DAF8A2C349F8AF" box="[216,278,1836,1862]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">AOD</collectingRegion>
|
||
(15:16). Inner margin of compound eyes subparallel, UOD:LOD 72:73. Facial fovea shallow,>
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCE3B547078F8A5C7C2F8AF" box="[1402,1437,1835,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">5X</date>
|
||
longer than greatest width, 24:4.5, which is above midlength, lateral margin straight and parallel to inner margin of compound eye, medial margin convex.
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCE3B547753F8FAC0DCF867" box="[593,643,1908,1934]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5rz8-qnyy" name="Colecao de Culturas de Fungos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">IOC</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCE3B547785F8FAC09AF867" box="[647,709,1908,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">OOC</collectionCode>
|
||
21:18. Scape ~
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCE3B54767BF8FAC1FDF867" box="[889,930,1908,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">3 X</date>
|
||
as long as greatest width, (26:9), longer than pedicel and F1 combined (18); pedicel as long as wide (9:9), F1 length subequal to width, (9:8), F2–F9 slightly longer than wide to length and width subequal, F10 longer than wide 19:12.
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCD3B5776FCF93CC6E2F922" bold="true" box="[1022,1213,1714,1739]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURES 26–29.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCD3B5771C1F93DC728F923" authority="Sharifi & Graham & Packer, 2019" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[1219,1399,1715,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCD3B5771C1F93DC728F923" box="[1219,1399,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Liphanthus sapos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCD3B57707CF93DC29CF906" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9885AE03FFCD3B57707CF93DC29CF906" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCD3B5775D2F958C37DF906" box="[208,290,1750,1775]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female, 26: lateral habitus, 27: head frontal view, 28: apex of tibia to show curved metatibial spurs, 29:
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCD3B57703FF959C7DEF906" box="[1341,1409,1751,1775]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ESEM</collectionCode>
|
||
of metatibial spurs. Scale bars Figs.
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCD3B5774E9F974C066F8FA" box="[491,569,1786,1811]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1926-01-27">
|
||
26–27
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCD3B577733F975C066F8FA" box="[561,569,1787,1811]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.0">1</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
mm, Fig. 28
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCD3B5777C2F974C14AF8FA" box="[704,789,1786,1811]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25mm</quantity>
|
||
, Fig. 29 50μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCD3B5775C5F8E8C053F84A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1892,2027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCD3B5775C5F8E8C3BFF896" authority=": Mesoscutum" authorityName="Mesoscutum" box="[199,480,1893,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCD3B5775C5F8E8C360F896" box="[199,319,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
: Mesoscutum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
~1.2 X as wide as long (85:70), length of scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum: 25:16:17. Tarsal claw teeth short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCD3B5775C5F820C71EF82E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1892,2027]" box="[199,1345,1964,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCD3B5775C5F820C363F82E" box="[199,316,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
: Metasomal terga and sterna unmodified. [Pygidial plate narrowly rounded, sides concave].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCD3B5675C5F85FC76AFF3E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1892,2027]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCD3B5775C5F85FC311F802" bold="true" box="[199,334,2001,2027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCD3B5777AAF85FC087F802" box="[680,728,2001,2027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality for which the nearest named site is Los Sapos, approxi- mately
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCC3B5675E8FF16C360FF5A" box="[234,319,152,179]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="13.5">13.5km</quantity>
|
||
to the East. “Los Sapos” means, “the toads”, perhaps referring to an area of unusual dampness near where the absolute desert reaches further inland and at higher altitude than anywhere else in the countery.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCC3B5675C5FF6EC0BBFE1E" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B5675C5FF6EC3A8FF12" bold="true" box="[199,503,224,251]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material studied. Region</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567700FF6FC28FFEF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838305" collectionCode="III" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B567700FF6FC07CFF12" bold="true" box="[514,547,225,251]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567700FF6FC07CFF12" box="[514,547,225,251]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">III</collectionCode>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B567737FF6EC0C2FF13" box="[565,669,224,250]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male,
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5677F2FF6EC115FF13" box="[752,842,224,250]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female and
|
||
<specimenCount id="A7C404E3FFCC3B5676DDFF6FC671FF13" box="[991,1070,224,251]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">4 male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="A7C404E3FFCC3B56716EFF6FC68EFF13" box="[1132,1233,224,251]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5671DEFF6FC718FF12" box="[1244,1351,225,251]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
as follows
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B5675DEFE8AC035FEF6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838294" box="[220,618,260,287]" collectionCode="III" collectorName="Region" country="Chile" location="CHILE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5675DEFE8AC31BFEF7" box="[220,324,260,286]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9D58FFAFFCC3B567493FE8BC3B9FEF6" box="[401,486,261,287]" name="Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B5674F0FE8AC01CFEF7" box="[498,579,260,286]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Region</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567749FE8BC035FEF6" box="[587,618,261,287]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">III</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567774FE8AC32AFEAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838303" collectingDate="2010-10-12" collectionCode="CCDB" collectorName="L. Packer" country="Chile" latitude="-28.019" location="Los Sapos" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-70.554" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="H1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCC3B567774FE8AC094FEF6" box="[630,715,260,287]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="13.5">13.5km</quantity>
|
||
W. of
|
||
<location id="B41D99B1FFCC3B567615FE8BC1D3FEF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97:B41D99B1FFCC3B567615FE8BC1D3FEF6" box="[791,908,261,287]" country="Chile" latitude="-28.019" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-70.554" name="Los Sapos" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Los Sapos</location>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B567691FE8BC1B2FEF6" box="[915,1005,261,287]" degrees="28.019" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="55" value="-28.019">-28.019</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B5676FAFE8AC60DFEF6" box="[1016,1106,260,287]" degrees="70.554" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="55" value="-70.554">-70.554</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 488m,
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCC3B5671AEFE8BC741FEF6" box="[1196,1310,261,287]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-10-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D5381042FFCC3B5671AEFE8BC741FEF6" box="[1196,1310,261,287]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-10-12">12.x.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B567028FE8BC7C7FEF7" box="[1322,1432,260,287]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. Packer</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567595FEA7C2BCFEAA" box="[151,227,297,323]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CCDB</collectionCode>
|
||
B09997-
|
||
<specimenCode id="E1646711FFCC3B567454FEA7C32AFEAA" box="[342,373,297,323]" collectionCode="CCDB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H1</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567483FEA6C619FEAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838301" box="[385,1094,296,323]" collectionCode="III" collectorName="Region" country="Chile" location="CHILE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B567483FEA6C3BCFEAB" box="[385,483,296,322]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female and two male
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5677E9FEA7C104FEAA" box="[747,859,297,323]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9D58FFAFFCC3B56766AFEA7C1E2FEAA" box="[872,957,297,323]" name="Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B5676CEFEA6C642FEAB" box="[972,1053,296,322]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Region</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567125FEA7C619FEAA" box="[1063,1094,297,323]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">III</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567150FEA7C1DFFE8E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838284" collectingDate="2015-11-01" collectionCode="CCDB" collectorName="L. Packer" country="Chile" elevation="2687" latitude="-26.4419" location="SW of Pedernales" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.35372" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="CCDB 28312" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Atacama" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="73060188FFCC3B567150FEA7C6E7FEAA" box="[1106,1208,297,323]" country="Chile" name="Atacama" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Atacama</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="B41D99B1FFCC3B5671C5FEA7C7C7FEAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97:B41D99B1FFCC3B5671C5FEA7C7C7FEAB" box="[1223,1432,296,323]" country="Chile" latitude="-26.4419" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.35372" name="SW of Pedernales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="Atacama">SW of Pedernales</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B567595FEC2C352FE8F" box="[151,269,332,358]" degrees="26.44190" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="1" value="-26.4419">-26.44190</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B567415FEC2C3D2FE8E" box="[279,397,332,359]" degrees="70.35372" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="1" value="-70.35372">-70.35372</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCC3B567495FEC2C3B7FE8F" box="[407,488,332,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.687" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2687.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3AEF2859FFCC3B567495FEC2C3B7FE8F" box="[407,488,332,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.687" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2687.0">2687m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCC3B5674F1FEC2C000FE8E" box="[499,607,332,359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2015-11-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D5381042FFCC3B5674F1FEC2C000FE8E" box="[499,607,332,359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2015-11-01">1.xi.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B567768FEC3C088FE8F" box="[618,727,332,359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. Packer</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="E1646711FFCC3B5677E0FEC3C1DFFE8E" box="[738,896,333,359]" collectionCode="CCDB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CCDB 28312</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
-B09, B11 and H05.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567160FEC3C067FE62" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838283" collectingDate="2010-10-12" collectionCode="CCDB" collectorName="L. Packer" country="Chile" latitude="-28.019" location="Los Sapos" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-70.554" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="G11" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B567160FEC3C69BFE8E" box="[1122,1220,333,359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
male: same data as holotype except
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567452FEFFC3C3FE62" box="[336,412,369,395]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CCDB</collectionCode>
|
||
B09997-
|
||
<specimenCode id="E1646711FFCC3B567708FEFFC067FE62" box="[522,568,369,395]" collectionCode="CCDB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">G11</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567741FEFFC199FE62" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838306" box="[579,966,368,395]" collectionCode="III" collectorName="Region" country="Chile" location="CHILE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B567741FEFFC0FCFE62" box="[579,675,369,395]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
male:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9D58FFAFFCC3B5677EDFEFFC11BFE62" box="[751,836,369,395]" name="Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B56764DFEFEC1FFFE63" box="[847,928,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Region</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B5676A5FEFFC199FE62" box="[935,966,369,395]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">III</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B5676D2FEFFC1F9FE46" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838289" collectingDate="2010-09-16" collectionCode="CCDB" collectorName="L. Packer" country="Chile" latitude="-26.395" location="El Salado" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-70.388" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="C09" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
W. of
|
||
<location id="B41D99B1FFCC3B567116FEFEC6DCFE63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97:B41D99B1FFCC3B567116FEFEC6DCFE63" box="[1044,1155,368,394]" country="Chile" latitude="-26.395" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-70.388" name="El Salado" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">El Salado</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B56718CFEFEC6B8FE62" box="[1166,1255,368,395]" degrees="26.395" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="55" value="-26.395">-26.395</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B5671F0FEFFC713FE62" box="[1266,1356,369,395]" degrees="70.388" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="55" value="-70.388">-70.388</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 118m,
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCC3B567595FE1AC34EFE47" box="[151,273,404,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-09-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D5381042FFCC3B567595FE1AC34EFE47" box="[151,273,404,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-09-16">16.ix.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B56741EFE1BC3D7FE47" box="[284,392,404,431]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. Packer</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567490FE1BC381FE46" box="[402,478,405,431]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CCDB</collectionCode>
|
||
B09866
|
||
<specimenCode id="E1646711FFCC3B567740FE1BC02EFE46" box="[578,625,405,431]" collectionCode="CCDB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4wb1-ykjs" name="Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C09</specimenCode>
|
||
(specimen badly damaged)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B5676ADFE1BC719FE46" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838287" box="[943,1350,404,431]" collectionCode="III" collectorName="Region" country="Chile" location="CHILE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5676ADFE1BC64EFE46" box="[943,1041,405,431]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
female:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C9D58FFAFFCC3B567173FE1BC699FE46" box="[1137,1222,405,431]" name="Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B5671D2FE1AC77EFE47" box="[1232,1313,404,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Region</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567025FE1BC719FE46" box="[1319,1350,405,431]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">III</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567052FE1BC75BFE3A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838285" collectingDate="2015-10-19" collectionCode="PCYU" collectorName="L. Packer & Pans. All" country="Chile" elevation="2771" latitude="-26.45214" location="Cuesta Montandon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-69.3344" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="B41D99B1FFCC3B567052FE1BC344FE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:396B7E7CFFC83B567595FD07C7C4FB97:B41D99B1FFCC3B567052FE1BC344FE3B" country="Chile" latitude="-26.45214" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-69.3344" name="Cuesta Montandon" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cuesta Montandon</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B56742AFE36C3C2FE3A" box="[296,413,440,467]" degrees="26.45214" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="1" value="-26.45214">-26.45214</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4F6A9ADFFCC3B5674ABFE36C040FE3B" box="[425,543,440,466]" degrees="69.33440" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="1" value="-69.3344">-69.33440</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCC3B567729FE37C024FE3A" box="[555,635,441,467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.771" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2771.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3AEF2859FFCC3B567729FE37C024FE3A" box="[555,635,441,467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.771" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2771.0">2771m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C57CE9AAFFCC3B56778AFE36C0A5FE3A" box="[648,762,440,467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2015-10-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D5381042FFCC3B56778AFE36C0A5FE3A" box="[648,762,440,467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2015-10-19">19.x.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B56760AFE37C129FE3B" box="[776,886,440,467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. Packer</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1C37AABCFFCC3B567681FE37C1B6FE3B" box="[899,1001,440,467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pans. All</collectorName>
|
||
specimens are at
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B5671B4FE37C75BFE3A" box="[1206,1284,441,467]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66ra-d50z" name="The Packer Collection at York University" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="University or college">PCYU</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="01AAC537FFCC3B567012FE36C0BFFE1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2285838288" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B567038FE36C7C3FE3B" box="[1338,1436,440,466]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5675C5FE52C37EFE1F" box="[199,289,476,502]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
will eventually be deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="D7D357AFFFCC3B567785FE53C0BFFE1E" box="[647,736,477,503]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCC3B5675C5FD8EC6E2FD6E" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B5675C5FD8EC323FDF2" bold="true" box="[199,380,512,539]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">DNA barcodes.</emphasis>
|
||
Five full length DNA barcode sequences are available with the BIN AAO3541, they include both the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5675F5FDAAC306FDD7" box="[247,345,548,574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B5674B6FDAAC04DFDD7" box="[436,530,548,574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. One of these was listed as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B56763EFDAAC1E5FDD7" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[828,954,548,574]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B56763EFDAAC1E5FDD7" box="[828,954,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Liphanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
n.sp.
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCC3B5676F9FDABC67BFDD7" box="[1019,1060,548,575]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D553B29BFFCC3B567128FDAAC778FDD6" author="Packer, L. & Ruz, L." box="[1066,1319,548,575]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="414 - 430" refId="ref44294" refString="Packer, L. & Ruz, L. (2017) DNA barcoding the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Chile: species disoversy in a reasonably well known bee fauna with the description of a new species of Lonchopria (Colletidae). Genome, 60, 414 - 430." type="journal article" year="2017">Packer and Ruz (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
with Genbank accession
|
||
<accessionNumber id="AE915289FFCC3B567448FDC7C395FD8A" box="[330,458,585,611]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KX820807" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">KX820807</accessionNumber>
|
||
. The sequences differ by an average of 0.36% with a maximum divergence of 0.77%. They differ from their nearest neighbour,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B56776BFDE3C0BDFD6F" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[617,738,621,646]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B56776BFDE3C0BDFD6F" box="[617,738,621,646]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. jenamro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described above, by an average of 2.34%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCC3B5675C5FD1EC166FCFE" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B5675C5FD1EC310FD42" bold="true" box="[199,335,656,683]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Using the key in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D553B29BFFCC3B56770DFD1FC0A8FD42" author="Ruz, L. & Toro, H." box="[527,759,656,683]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="235 - 299" refId="ref44762" refString="Ruz, L. & Toro, H. (1983) Revision of the bee genus Liphanthus (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 52, 235 - 299." type="journal article" year="1983">Ruz and Toro (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, if treated as having three submarginal cells, this species fails at the first couplet for such taxa, couplet 3 for males and 28 for females. Both couplets have the option of metatibial spurs curved and vertex concave or straight versus metatibial spurs straight and vertex convex. Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B567006FD57C728FD1B" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[1284,1399,729,754]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B567006FD57C728FD1B" box="[1284,1399,729,754]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L.jenamro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B567084FD57C288FCFF" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapos">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B567084FD57C288FCFF" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. sapos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the metatibial spurs curved but the vertex convex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCC3B5675C5FCAFC161FC6A" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
On the date of capture of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E7971C8FFCC3B567716FCAEC026FCD3" box="[532,633,800,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the type locality was the only area with flowering plants within a substantial distance, the vegetation being dense and quite lush because a small quebrada had been at least partially blocked as a result of road and bridge construction (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29F9D3EFFFCC3B5677DFFCE6C16EFC6A" box="[733,817,872,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,1172,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[207,1380,1172,1957]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 30. Type locality of L. sapos sp. nov., to the east of the Pan American highway, west of Los Sapos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3345459/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCC3B5675C5FC02C018FC06" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
This species is part of the same species group as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B5677F3FC03C134FC4F" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[753,875,909,934]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jenamro">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B5677F3FC03C134FC4F" box="[753,875,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. jenamro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described above and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B567163FC03C6B5FC4F" authorityName="Sharifi & Graham & Packer" authorityYear="2019" box="[1121,1258,908,934]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domeykoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B567163FC03C6B5FC4F" box="[1121,1258,908,934]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. domeykoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76C2B4E9FFCC3B567020FC03C7C3FC4F" box="[1314,1436,908,934]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Liphanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B61378FFCC3B567020FC03C7C3FC4F" box="[1314,1436,908,934]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. discolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described below, all of which have males with a mandibular hair tuft at the end of a strongly lamellate outer ridge and minutely tuberculate frontal areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B17DCF6AFFCC3B5675C5FC76C7C4FB97" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
While the males are from low lying areas, the females are from higher altitudes. However, the DNA barcodes suggest they are conspecific and the distance between the localities is as small as
|
||
<quantity id="763A628FFFCC3B567144FB92C6C7FBDF" box="[1094,1176,1052,1078]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="100.0">100km</quantity>
|
||
. Furthermore, whereas the most divergent individual is from lower elevations, one of the other low elevation individuals is less than 0.3% divergent from one of the high altitude ones. Consequently, we believe the sexes to have been associated correctly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |