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<mods:title id="8718378CB57CD6ED4B211DDA5E66451B">Taxonomic notes on some species and subspecies of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="EF63878E9A1BFFC6FF6F4D39FDD2FD1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6134319" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119414009" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6134319" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF63878E9A1BFFC6FF6F4D39FDD2FD1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF63878E9A1BFFC6FF6F4D39FDD2FD1C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">
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<paragraph id="677536989A1BFFC4FF6F4D39FCFEFAAF" blockId="0.[151,854,1321,1347]" box="[151,854,1321,1347]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">
<heading id="3C3D81F49A1BFFC4FF6F4D39FCFEFAAF" bold="true" box="[151,854,1321,1347]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" reason="1">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FF6F4D39FCFEFAAF" bold="true" box="[151,854,1321,1347]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FF6F4D39FD6FFAAF" authority="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993" authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,711,1321,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FF6F4D39FEF0FAAF" bold="true" box="[151,344,1321,1347]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Dysaphis indica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1BFFC4FEA74D39FD6FFAAF" author="Chakrabarti" box="[351,711,1321,1347]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" refString="Chakrabarti, S. &amp; Medda, P. K. (1993) Taxonomic studies on Dysaphis Borner (Homoptera: Aphididae) from the Indian subcontinent. Oriental Insects, 27, 93 - 130." type="journal article" year="1993">Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4E8D57F19A1BFFC4FD2C4D39FCFEFAAF" box="[724,854,1321,1347]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="677536989A1BFFC4FF6F4D60FEA4F848" blockId="0.[151,1436,1392,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">
This aphid has previously been treated as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FCCC4D60FAA2FA65" authority="Narzikulov, 1957" authorityName="Narzikulov" authorityYear="1957" box="[820,1290,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FCCC4D60FB92FA65" box="[820,1082,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Dysaphis pavlovskiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1BFFC4FBBB4D60FAA2FA65" author="Narzikulov" box="[1091,1290,1392,1417]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" refString="Narzikulov, M. N. (1957) New plant lice (Homoptera, Aphididae) from the mountain region of Tajikistan. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 36 (3), 671 - 694. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Narzikulov, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1BFFC4FAE04D60FED9FA40" author="Chakrabarti" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" refString="Chakrabarti, S. &amp; Medda, P. K. (1993) Taxonomic studies on Dysaphis Borner (Homoptera: Aphididae) from the Indian subcontinent. Oriental Insects, 27, 93 - 130." type="journal article" year="1993">Chakrabarti and Medda (1993)</bibRefCitation>
described 53 apterous viviparous females collected from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FBD04D84FBDEFA41" box="[1064,1142,1428,1453]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FBD04D84FBDEFA41" box="[1064,1142,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1BFFC4FB5E4D84FB48FA41" box="[1190,1248,1428,1453]" name="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">India</collectingCountry>
(Uttar Pradesh, Garhwal Hills) as specimens of new subspecies—
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FD0F4DA8FBFFFA3D" box="[759,1111,1464,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pavlovskiana" subSpecies="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FD0F4DA8FBFFFA3D" box="[759,1111,1464,1489]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Dysaphis pavlovskiana indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They noted that the new subspecies differs from the nominative taxon mainly in the lack of spines on the head, the greater length of the ultimate segment of rostrum, the slightly longer siphunculus and the fact that all the setae on the antennae were thin and pointed unlike those of the nominotypical subspecies, which has most of the setae on the antennae blunt or slightly capitate. Actually there is no description of the apterous vivipara in their paper, which only gives the differences listed above and measurements of several characters of the
<typeStatus id="B871883A9A1BFFC4FC3C4E7CFB82F969" box="[964,1066,1644,1669]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The authors also suggested that the seven alate and two apterous viviparous females and 30 nymphs which they collected on
<date id="137410589A1BFFC4FB474E80FA34F944" box="[1215,1436,1680,1705]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" value="1982-09-16">16 September 1982</date>
from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FF2D4EA5FDB7F921" authority="Edgew." authorityName="Edgew." box="[213,543,1716,1741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="piptathera">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FF2D4EA5FE6CF921" box="[213,452,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Saussurea piptathera</emphasis>
Edgew.
</taxonomicName>
(cited as
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FD764EA5FCDCF921" box="[654,884,1716,1741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pipethera">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FD764EA5FCDCF921" box="[654,884,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Saussurea pipethera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their paper) in Uttar Pradesh (Garhwal Hills), as well as one alate female which they caught on
<date id="137410589A1BFFC4FD3B4EC8FC34F91C" box="[707,924,1752,1777]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" value="1982-09-17">17 September 1982</date>
on
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FC304EC8FB70F91D" authority="Pall." authorityName="Pall." box="[968,1240,1752,1777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dahurica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FC304EC8FB35F91D" box="[968,1181,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Rhamnus dahurica</emphasis>
Pall.
</taxonomicName>
in Garhwal Hills refer to this subspecies. According to the authors the aphid was accidentally on
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FBB94EECFAB1F8F9" box="[1089,1305,1788,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dahurica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FBB94EECFAB1F8F9" box="[1089,1305,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Rhamnus dahurica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They also suggested that the alatae collected on
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FDC44F31FD06F8D4" box="[572,686,1825,1848]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FDC44F31FD06F8D4" box="[572,686,1825,1848]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Saussurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are gynoparae which should migrate to
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FB964F30FB14F8D5" box="[1134,1212,1824,1849]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FB964F30FB14F8D5" box="[1134,1212,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Indeed, judging by the description of alatae and apterous viviparous females from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FCA14F55FBE0F8B1" box="[857,1096,1860,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="piptathera">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FCA14F55FBE0F8B1" box="[857,1096,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Saussurea piptathera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
given in the article and by the comparison of aphids from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FE354F78FDB3F86D" box="[461,539,1896,1921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FE354F78FDB3F86D" box="[461,539,1896,1921]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and aphids from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FD184F79FCFAF86C" box="[736,850,1897,1920]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FD184F79FCFAF86C" box="[736,850,1897,1920]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Saussurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
made by the authors, these individuals all belong to one taxon.
</paragraph>
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Hitherto
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1BFFC4FEC84FA0FD9FF825" box="[304,567,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1BFFC4FEC84FA0FD9FF825" box="[304,567,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Dysaphis pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4E8D57F19A1BFFC4FDB24FA1FD71F825" box="[586,729,1968,1993]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
was known from Eastern and Western Siberia,
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1BFFC4FAEA4FA0FA30F825" box="[1298,1432,1968,1993]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1BFFC4FF6F4FC4FEB0F801" box="[151,280,2004,2029]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1BFFC4FEC94FC5FE1CF801" box="[305,436,2005,2029]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1BFFC4FE354FC4FD93F801" box="[461,571,2004,2029]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1BFFC4FD764FC4FD45F801" box="[654,749,2004,2029]" name="Pakistan" pageId="0" pageNumber="563">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1BFFC4FCF24FC4FC72F801" author="Narzikulov" box="[778,986,2004,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" refString="Narzikulov, M. N. (1957) New plant lice (Homoptera, Aphididae) from the mountain region of Tajikistan. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 36 (3), 671 - 694. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Narzikulov 1957</bibRefCitation>
; Ivanovskaya, 1977;
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1BFFC4FB0A4FC4FA3FF800" author="Gabrid" box="[1266,1431,2004,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="563" refString="Gabrid, N. V. (1989) Aphids of trees and shrubs of the Issyk-Kul region. ILIM, Frunze, 186 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1989">Gabrid, 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1AFFC5FF6F4887FEC6FF5C" author="Kadyrbekov" box="[151,366,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" refString="Kadyrbekov, R. Kh. (1990) On the dendrophilous aphid fauna (Homoptera, Aphidinea) of the native bioceonosis from south east Kazakhstan. VINITI 4736 - B 90, Akademiya Nauk KazSSR, Alma-Ata, 38 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1990">Kadyrbekov, 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1AFFC5FE784887FCF9FF5C" author="Naumann-Etienne" box="[384,849,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" refString="Naumann-Etienne, K. &amp; Remaudiere, G. (1995) A commented preliminary checklist of the aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) of Pakistan and their host plants. Parasitica, 51 (1), 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1995">Naumann-Etienne &amp; Remaudière, 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1AFFC5FC9A4887FA82FF5C" author="Stekolshchikov" box="[866,1322,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" refString="Stekolshchikov, A. V. &amp; Shaposhnikov, G. Kh. (1998) Aphids of the subtribe Anuraphidina (Homoptera, Aphididae) of East Siberia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 77 (4), 805 - 826. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1998">Stekolshchikov &amp; Shaposhnikov, 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1AFFC5FAC34887FF7CFF38" author="Holman" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" refString="Holman, J (2009) Host Plant Catalog of Aphids: Paleartic Region. Springer, Netherlands, 1140 pp." type="book" year="2009">Holman, 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Slides have now been studied of aphids collected by G. Remaudière on
<date id="137410589A1AFFC5FBE148ACFB19FF39" box="[1049,1201,188,213]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" value="1966-06-17">17 June 1966</date>
from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FB0048ACFE0FFF14" ID-CoL="6YVQB" authority="(Lindl.) Fritsch &amp; Rech." authorityName="(Lindl.) Fritsch &amp; Rech." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graeca">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FB0048ACFA34FF38" box="[1272,1436,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Sorbus graeca</emphasis>
(Lindl.) Fritsch &amp; Rech.
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1AFFC5FE3248CFFDB2FF14" box="[458,538,223,248]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(Konya, Ereğli) at an altitude of
<quantity id="A0329B7D9A1AFFC5FC7648F0FC4BFF1B" box="[910,995,224,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
above sea level and stored in the aphid collection of Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="677536989A1AFFC5FF3F4937FC33FD68" blockId="1.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
This sample contains four fundatrices, eight apterae and 34 alate viviparous females. These aphids are very similar to
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FEF7495DFE60FE89" box="[271,456,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FEF7495DFE60FE89" box="[271,456,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">D. pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
housed in the Russian collections in all characters, differing from them only by the greater length of the ultimate segment of the rostrum and its relation to the length of 2nd segment of hind tarsus, as well as having more long setae on the body and appendages. However, if we consider the variation in these characters in different populations of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FDBB49A9FD53FE3C" box="[579,763,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FDBB49A9FD53FE3C" box="[579,763,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">D. pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="2A4803239A1AFFC5FCF349A7FCF3FE3C" box="[779,859,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,688,711]" captionTargetBox="[151,1399,770,1612]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Length of ultimate segment of rostrum and ratio of ultimate segment of rostrum to 2 nd segment of hind tarsus for different populations of Dysaphis pavlovskiana Narzikulov, 1957 and D. indica Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" tableUuid="33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B">Tabl. 1</tableCitation>
), we see that when going from north to south, not only the absolute length of the ultimate segment of the rostrum but its ratio to the length of 2nd segment of hind tarsus increases, and this phenomenon is more or less clearly expressed for all morphs for which it is possible to make a comparison. A similar, though less clearly expressed situation is observed with the length of setae. Individuals from
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A1AFFC5FEA54A57FE05FD8C" box="[349,429,583,608]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Turkey</collectingCountry>
are thus just an extreme variant on the line of these changes, conforming completely to this trend and undoubtedly belonging to the species
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FD264A7DFC3CFD69" box="[734,916,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FD264A7DFC3CFD69" box="[734,916,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">D. pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B" ID-Table-UUID="33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" targetBox="[151,1399,770,1612]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="677536989A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B" blockId="1.[151,1436,688,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FEA0FD2B" bold="true" box="[151,264,688,711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Length of ultimate segment of rostrum and ratio of ultimate segment of rostrum to 2nd segment of hind tarsus for different populations of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FE464ADFFCDCFD0B" authority="Narzikulov, 1957" authorityName="Narzikulov" authorityYear="1957" box="[446,884,719,743]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FE464ADFFD1DFD0B" box="[446,693,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Dysaphis pavlovskiana</emphasis>
Narzikulov, 1957
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FC504AC0FAEAFD0B" authority="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993" authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda" authorityYear="1993" box="[936,1346,719,743]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FC504AC0FBA4FD0B" box="[936,1036,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">D. indica</emphasis>
Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="677536989A1AFFC5FD7D4B12FE3EF9A0" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<table id="15CAC4389A1A003BFF6F4B12FADFF9A0" box="[151,1399,770,1612]" gridcols="4" gridrows="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4B12FADFFCAE" box="[151,1399,770,834]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4B12FBF8FCAE" box="[645,1104,770,834]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FD7D4B12FCC7FCF4" box="[645,879,770,792]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FD7D4B12FCC7FCF4" box="[645,879,770,792]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Dysaphis pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Eastern Siberia Kazakhstan Tajikistan
</th>
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784B12FB4EFCAE" box="[1152,1254,770,834]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Turkey</th>
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4B12FADFFCAE" box="[1298,1399,770,834]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FAEA4B12FAF9FCDB" box="[1298,1392,770,823]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FAEA4B12FAF9FCDB" box="[1298,1392,770,823]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Dysaphis indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4B45FADFFC66" box="[151,1399,853,906]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4B45FDF1FC66" box="[151,601,853,906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Fundatrices Ultimate segment of rostrum</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4B45FBF8FC66" box="[645,1104,853,906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">135–160 143–154 151–168 (135–146) (150) (157–161)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784B45FB4EFC66" box="[1152,1254,853,906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">188–195 (192)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4B45FADFFC66" box="[1298,1399,853,906]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4B8DFADFFC3E" box="[151,1399,925,978]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4B8DFDF1FC3E" box="[151,601,925,978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Ultimate segment of rostrum/ 2nd segment of hind tarsus</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4B8DFBF8FC3E" box="[645,1104,925,978]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.05–1.28 1.16–1.33 1.32–1.51 (1.11–1.19) (1.22) (1.44)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784B8DFB4EFC3E" box="[1152,1254,925,978]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.64–1.86 (1.77)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4B8DFADFFC3E" box="[1298,1399,925,978]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4BF5FADFFBF6" box="[151,1399,997,1050]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4BF5FDF1FBF6" box="[151,601,997,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
Apterous Ultimate segment of rostrum from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FF2E4C14FEB4FBF6" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[214,284,1028,1050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sorbus</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4BF5FBF8FBF6" box="[645,1104,997,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">– – 123–149 (135–142)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784BF5FB4EFBF6" box="[1152,1254,997,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">160–182 (173)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4BF5FADFFBF6" box="[1298,1399,997,1050]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">200–220</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4C3DFADFFB8E" box="[151,1399,1069,1122]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4C3DFDF1FB8E" box="[151,601,1069,1122]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Ultimate segment of rostrum/ 2nd segment of hind tarsus</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4C3DFBF8FB8E" box="[645,1104,1069,1122]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">– – 0.94–1.17 (1.08–1.13)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784C3DFB4EFB8E" box="[1152,1254,1069,1122]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.18–1.50 (1.39)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4C3DFADFFB8E" box="[1298,1399,1069,1122]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.33</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4C65FADFFB46" box="[151,1399,1141,1194]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4C65FDF1FB46" box="[151,601,1141,1194]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Emigrants Ultimate segment of rostrum</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4C65FBF8FB46" box="[645,1104,1141,1194]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">115–140 107–135 123–151 (126–133) (126) (128–141)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784C65FB4EFB46" box="[1152,1254,1141,1194]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">155–176 (165)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4C65FADFFB46" box="[1298,1399,1141,1194]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4CADFADFFB1E" box="[151,1399,1213,1266]" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4CADFDF1FB1E" box="[151,601,1213,1266]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Ultimate segment of rostrum/ 2nd segment of hind tarsus</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4CADFBF8FB1E" box="[645,1104,1213,1266]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">0.84–1.02 0.83–1.04 1.00–1.23 (0.95) (0.96) (1.11)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784CADFB4EFB1E" box="[1152,1254,1213,1266]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.38–1.59 (1.47)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4CADFADFFB1E" box="[1298,1399,1213,1266]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4D15FADFFAD6" box="[151,1399,1285,1338]" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4D15FDF1FAD6" box="[151,601,1285,1338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Apterous Ultimate segment of rostrum exules</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4D15FBF8FAD6" box="[645,1104,1285,1338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">101–121 109–118 112–123 (113) (112) (116)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784D15FB4EFAD6" box="[1152,1254,1285,1338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4D15FADFFAD6" box="[1298,1399,1285,1338]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">210–220</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4D5DFADFFA6E" box="[151,1399,1357,1410]" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4D5DFDF1FA6E" box="[151,601,1357,1410]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Ultimate segment of rostrum/ 2nd segment of hind tarsus</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4D5DFBF8FA6E" box="[645,1104,1357,1410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.05–1.29 1.10–1.17 1.08–1.37 (1.11–1.18) (1.14) (1.21)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784D5DFB4EFA6E" box="[1152,1254,1357,1410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4D5DFADFFA6E" box="[1298,1399,1357,1410]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.31–1.35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4D85FADFFA26" box="[151,1399,1429,1482]" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4D85FDF1FA26" box="[151,601,1429,1482]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Gynoparae Ultimate segment of rostrum</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4D85FBF8FA26" box="[645,1104,1429,1482]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">– – 107–121 (114)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784D85FB4EFA26" box="[1152,1254,1429,1482]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4D85FADFFA26" box="[1298,1399,1429,1482]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">160 1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4DCDFADFF9FE" box="[151,1399,1501,1554]" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4DCDFDF1F9FE" box="[151,601,1501,1554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Ultimate segment of rostrum/ 2nd segment of hind tarsus</th>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFD7D4DCDFBF8F9FE" box="[645,1104,1501,1554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">– – 1.00–1.24 (1.12)</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFB784DCDFB4EF9FE" box="[1152,1254,1501,1554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">–</td>
<td id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFAEA4DCDFADFF9FE" box="[1298,1399,1501,1554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1.13–1.14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9FA34DA9A1A003BFF6F4E23FADFF9A0" box="[151,1399,1587,1612]" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="9A2B5DA69A1A003BFF6F4E23FDF1F9A0" box="[151,601,1587,1612]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">1 — only one specimen.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="677536989A1AFFC6FF3F4E65FBECFE89" blockId="1.[151,1436,1653,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,752]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">
The situation is different with
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FDC04E65FB46F962" authority="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993" authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda" authorityYear="1993" box="[568,1262,1653,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pavlovskiana" subSpecies="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FDC04E65FC3CF962" box="[568,916,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Dysaphis pavlovskiana indica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A1AFFC5FC594E65FB46F962" author="Chakrabarti" box="[929,1262,1653,1678]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" refString="Chakrabarti, S. &amp; Medda, P. K. (1993) Taxonomic studies on Dysaphis Borner (Homoptera: Aphididae) from the Indian subcontinent. Oriental Insects, 27, 93 - 130." type="journal article" year="1993">Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. In
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FADF4E65FAC5F962" box="[1319,1389,1653,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FADF4E65FAC5F962" box="[1319,1389,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the absolute length of the ultimate segment of the rostrum is greater than in
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FC194E89FBDDF95E" box="[993,1141,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FC194E89FBDDF95E" box="[993,1141,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4E8D57F19A1AFFC5FB864E8AFB1CF95D" box="[1150,1204,1690,1713]" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but the ratio of the length of the ultimate segment of the rostrum to the length of the second segment of hind tarsus does not differ (
<tableCitation id="2A4803239A1AFFC5FF664EF1FF5BF916" box="[158,243,1761,1786]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,688,711]" captionTargetBox="[151,1399,770,1612]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Length of ultimate segment of rostrum and ratio of ultimate segment of rostrum to 2 nd segment of hind tarsus for different populations of Dysaphis pavlovskiana Narzikulov, 1957 and D. indica Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" tableUuid="33B566109A1AFFC5FF6F4AA0FAEEFD0B">Table 1</tableCitation>
). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FE604EF1FE76F916" box="[408,478,1761,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FE604EF1FE76F916" box="[408,478,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FD8E4EF1FCA2F916" box="[630,778,1761,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FD8E4EF1FCA2F916" box="[630,778,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following characters (apart from those listed in the original description): body length (
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FDDD4F15FDC3F8F2" box="[549,619,1797,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FDDD4F15FDC3F8F2" box="[549,619,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
longer), ratio of length of processus terminalis to length of base of last antennal segment (greater in
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FE1D4F39FD83F8AE" box="[485,555,1833,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FE1D4F39FD83F8AE" box="[485,555,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially for the morph from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FC654F3AFBA7F8AD" box="[925,1039,1834,1857]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FC654F3AFBA7F8AD" box="[925,1039,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Saussurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), longer cauda (at least for morph from secondary host), number of rhinaria on the segments of antenna of gynoparae (more in
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FB574F5DFB5DF88A" box="[1199,1269,1869,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FB574F5DFB5DF88A" box="[1199,1269,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and by some other characters (Table 2). Information about the length of setae of apterous females of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FB664F61FB4CF866" box="[1182,1252,1905,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FB664F61FB4CF866" box="[1182,1252,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FAC94F61FAD7F866" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[1329,1407,1905,1930]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FAC94F61FAD7F866" box="[1329,1407,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is absent from the original description, but morphs of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FD0E4F85FC94F842" box="[758,828,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FD0E4F85FC94F842" box="[758,828,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the secondary host have longer setae than the respective morphs of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FE634FA9FD87F83E" box="[411,559,1977,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FE634FA9FD87F83E" box="[411,559,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, as stated above, this character has no significant value in the taxonomy of this group. Apterous exules of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FD604FCDFC84F81A" box="[664,812,2013,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FD604FCDFC84F81A" box="[664,812,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A1AFFC5FC8E4FCDFC75F81A" ID-CoL="6RHN" box="[886,989,2013,2038]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="564" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A1AFFC5FC8E4FCDFC75F81A" box="[886,989,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="564">Plantago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are strongly sclerotized, with sclerotic bands from meso- or metathorax to VII abdominal tergite fused with marginal sclerites and forming a complete dorsal shield. Apterae of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FE3E48ACFDA4FF39" box="[454,524,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FE3E48ACFDA4FF39" box="[454,524,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FDA448ADFD66FF38" box="[604,718,189,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FDA448ADFD66FF38" box="[604,718,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Saussurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are almost unsclerotized, having only a sclerotized band on abdominal tergite VIII. The secondary host of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FD5C48CFFD42FF14" box="[676,746,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FD5C48CFFD42FF14" box="[676,746,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FCF348F0FCD5FF1B" box="[779,893,224,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FCF348F0FCD5FF1B" box="[779,893,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Saussurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FC1748CFFB2BFF14" box="[1007,1155,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FC1748CFFB2BFF14" box="[1007,1155,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
migrates from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FAC948CFFAD7FF14" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[1329,1407,223,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FAC948CFFAD7FF14" box="[1329,1407,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FF6F4914FF56FEF1" ID-CoL="6RHN" box="[151,254,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FF6F4914FF56FEF1" box="[151,254,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Plantago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A19FFC6FEE84914FE54FEF0" author="Shaposhnikov" box="[272,508,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" refString="Shaposhnikov, G. Kh. (1974) Dynamics of clones, populations, and species and evolution. Zurnal obshchey biologii, 39 (1), 15 - 33. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1974">Shaposhnikov, 1974</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A19FFC6FDF54914FC65FEF0" author="Stekolshchikov" box="[525,973,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" refString="Stekolshchikov, A. V. &amp; Shaposhnikov, G. Kh. (1998) Aphids of the subtribe Anuraphidina (Homoptera, Aphididae) of East Siberia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 77 (4), 805 - 826. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1998">Stekolshchikov &amp; Shaposhnikov, 1998</bibRefCitation>
). These significant differences between
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FF6F4937FF75FEAC" box="[151,221,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FF6F4937FF75FEAC" box="[151,221,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FEEB4937FE0FFEAC" box="[275,423,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FEEB4937FE0FFEAC" box="[275,423,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in morphology and, more importantly, in biology (a different secondary host) indicate that it as a separate species—
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FE57495CFC0EFE88" authority="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993" authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Medda" authorityYear="1993" box="[431,934,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FE57495CFDCCFE89" box="[431,612,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Dysaphis indica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A19FFC6FD93495CFC0EFE88" author="Chakrabarti" box="[619,934,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" refString="Chakrabarti, S. &amp; Medda, P. K. (1993) Taxonomic studies on Dysaphis Borner (Homoptera: Aphididae) from the Indian subcontinent. Oriental Insects, 27, 93 - 130." type="journal article" year="1993">Chakrabarti &amp; Medda, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FC55495CFBECFE89" bold="true" box="[941,1092,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">(new status).</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="677536989A19FFC6FF3F4961FDD2FD1C" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FF3F4961FE99FE64" box="[199,305,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FF3F4961FE99FE64" box="[199,305,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">D. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is undoubtedly very closely related to
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FD154961FC0DFE64" box="[749,933,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FD154961FC0DFE64" box="[749,933,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">D. pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and they have a common ancestor that may have migrated from
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FE7A4984FE78FE41" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[386,464,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FE7A4984FE78FE41" box="[386,464,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the second and third generation to a more-or-less wide range of secondary hosts. This ancestor had a long ultimate segment of the rostrum, long thin setae, slightly swollen or unswollen siphunculi, and strongly sclerotized apterous viviparous females on
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FCEA49CCFCC8FE19" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[786,864,476,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FCEA49CCFCC8FE19" box="[786,864,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and on secondary hosts. After separation
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FAC349CCFA34FE19" box="[1339,1436,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FAC349CCFA34FE19" box="[1339,1436,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">D.indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apparently remained in a relatively narrow area within the Himalayas, while
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FC074A11FB1FFDF4" box="[1023,1207,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FC074A11FB1FFDF4" box="[1023,1207,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">D. pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
became widespread in Eurasia—from
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A19FFC6FE9C4A34FE1CFDD1" box="[356,436,548,573]" name="Turkey" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Turkey</collectingCountry>
to Eastern Siberia.
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A19FFC6FD6D4A34FD1CFDD0" box="[661,692,548,572]" name="American Samoa" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">As</collectingCountry>
already pointed out (
<bibRefCitation id="035B4B699A19FFC6FC504A34FACCFDD0" author="Stekolshchikov" box="[936,1380,548,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" refString="Stekolshchikov, A. V. &amp; Shaposhnikov, G. Kh. (1998) Aphids of the subtribe Anuraphidina (Homoptera, Aphididae) of East Siberia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 77 (4), 805 - 826. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1998">Stekolshchikov &amp; Shaposhnikov, 1998</bibRefCitation>
), the spread of
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FEF24A59FE6AFD8C" box="[266,450,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Dysaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavlovskiana">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FEF24A59FE6AFD8C" box="[266,450,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">D. pavlovskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from south to north was accompanied by some changes in its morphology and, more importantly, in its biology; both emigrants and apterous viviparous females are among the offspring of the fundatrix in populations of
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A19FFC6FE1E4A9FFDFCFD44" box="[486,596,655,680]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A19FFC6FD614A9FFD41FD44" box="[665,745,655,680]" name="Turkey" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(in
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A19FFC6FCDD4A9FFC3BFD44" box="[805,915,655,680]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
apterae are found on
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FB524A9FFB50FD44" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[1194,1272,655,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55BEEA8A9A19FFC6FB524A9FFB50FD44" box="[1194,1272,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
until the 5th generation), but there are no apterae on
<taxonomicName id="A0CA4D1B9A19FFC6FD954AA4FD13FD21" ID-CoL="7JR7" box="[621,699,692,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="565" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sorbus</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectingCountry id="1FDD76089A19FFC6FCEA4AA4FC3DFD21" box="[786,917,692,717]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="2" pageNumber="565">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and East Siberian populations, the fundatrix producing only alatae females—emigrants.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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