140 lines
13 KiB
XML
140 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-ISSN="0003-0090" approvalRequired="248" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="67" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="120" approvalRequired_for_treatments="60" checkinTime="1630255760165" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Conrad, J. L." docDate="2008" docId="BF23879DD128FFC1FF49AA084B59D3F7" docLanguage="en" docName="B310.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (310)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2B34016C1EBFE58B07368F9517618743.1:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.journal_article.0cover.type1" docStyleId="2B34016C1EBFE58B07368F9517618743" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.journal_article.0cover.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Varanus White 1790" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="124" masterDocId="431AFFE5D153FFBAFFA0AE674F56D039" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="124" updateTime="1630877461833" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Conrad, J. L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2008-06-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>2008</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>310</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5459364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5459364" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF23879DD128FFC1FF49AA084B59D3F7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF23879DD128FFC1FF49AA084B59D3F7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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<subSubSection pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="123.[232,480,1134,1186]" box="[233,479,1134,1156]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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<heading box="[233,479,1134,1156]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="White, 1790" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[233,479,1134,1156]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[233,328,1135,1156]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="White, J." box="[337,479,1134,1156]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" refId="ref101915" refString="White, J. 1790. Journal of a voyage to New South Wales with sixty-five plates of nondescript animals, birds, lizards, serpents, curious cones of trees, and other natural productions. London: J. Debrett." type="book" year="1790">White, 1790</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="123.[232,480,1134,1186]" box="[232,480,1164,1186]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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<heading box="[232,480,1164,1186]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="4">(figs. 54E, 55E, 56D)</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="123.[93,620,1208,1759]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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DIAGNOSIS: The species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[476,571,1211,1232]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[476,571,1211,1232]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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included in this study form a clade diagnosed as primitively possessing the following synapomorphies: 1(2) elongate antorbital snout, 12(2) nasal process of premaxilla narrowest mediolaterally, 17(1) presence of a premaxilla-maxilla aperture, 69(1) presence of a frontal-palatine contact, 74(1) presence of frontal tabs on the parietal dorsally, 118(2) absence of pterygoid teeth, and 243(2) fusion of the cervical intercentra to the posterior part of the preceding centrum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="123.[93,620,1208,1759]" lastBlockId="123.[667,1193,213,974]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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COMMENTS: Extant
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<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[365,460,1562,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[365,460,1562,1583]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g., fig. 49) are extremely diverse morphologically and ecologically (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mertens, R." box="[254,448,1620,1641]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" pagination="235 - 391" refId="ref95384" refString="Mertens, R. 1942 a. Die Familie der Warane (Varanidae). Dritter Teil. Taxonomie. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 466: 235 - 391." type="journal article" year="1942">Mertens, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Irwin, S." box="[469,615,1620,1642]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" refId="ref91717" refString="Irwin, S. 1994. Notes on the behaviour and diet of Varanus teriae, Sprackland 1991. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 35: 128 pp." type="book" year="1994">Irwin, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pianka, E. R." box="[93,251,1649,1671]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" pagination="398 - 414" refId="ref97327" refString="Pianka, E. R. 1995. Evolution of body size: varanid lizards as a model system. American Naturalist 146: 398 - 414." type="journal article" year="1995">Pianka, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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; Ast, 2001, 2002;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pepin, D. J." box="[471,611,1649,1672]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" refId="ref97172" refString="Pepin, D. J. 2001. Natural history of monitor (family Varanidae) with evidence from phylogeny, ecology, life history, and morphology., Ph. D. dissertation, Washington University: St. Louis, MO. 234 pp." type="book" year="2001">Pepin, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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) and numerous monophyletic groups have been identified in separate morphological and molecular studies with a fair degree of consistency (
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<bibRefCitation author="Fuller, S. & P. Baverstock & D. King" box="[821,1050,213,235]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" pagination="294 - 307" refId="ref89107" refString="Fuller, S., P. Baverstock, and D. King. 1998. Biogeographic origins of goannas (Varanidae): a molecular perspective. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 9: 294 - 307." type="journal article" year="1998">Fuller et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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; Ast, 2001, 2002;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pepin, D. J." box="[736,876,242,264]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" refId="ref97172" refString="Pepin, D. J. 2001. Natural history of monitor (family Varanidae) with evidence from phylogeny, ecology, life history, and morphology., Ph. D. dissertation, Washington University: St. Louis, MO. 234 pp." type="book" year="2001">Pepin, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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). Although these clades are often considered ‘‘subgenera,’’ they are typically geographically and morphologically distinct and could be considered relatively speciose genera of their own. Although this issue is not further addressed here, it is a topic deserving more attention.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="123.[667,1193,213,974]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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The current analysis is the first to analyze the relative phylogenetic positions of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Clos" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusingensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus rusingensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Owen" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[849,1046,508,531]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Megalania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prisca">
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<emphasis box="[849,1046,508,531]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Megalania prisca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with respect to numerous extant species. Both are within the extant
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<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[795,890,568,589]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[795,890,568,589]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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radiation.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Clos" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusingensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus rusingensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is nested within a basal clade of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[667,762,628,649]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[667,762,628,649]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. ‘‘
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<taxonomicName box="[799,921,626,649]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Megalania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[799,921,626,649]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Megalania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’’
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Owen" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[951,1019,628,649]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Megalania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prisca">
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<emphasis box="[951,1019,628,649]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">prisca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(hereafter referred to as
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<taxonomicName box="[824,1020,657,678]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="priscum">
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<emphasis box="[824,1020,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus priscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) is actually a species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[796,891,687,708]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[796,891,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(as the name is applied here) and deeply nested within that clade. In this analysis,
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<taxonomicName box="[824,1016,746,767]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="priscum">
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<emphasis box="[824,1016,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus priscum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is suggested to form a clade with
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<taxonomicName box="[919,1072,774,797]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salvadorii">
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<emphasis box="[919,1072,774,797]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">V. salvadorii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="komodoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">V. komodoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(fig. 49A) as the sister-taxon to that clade.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="123.[667,1193,213,974]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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The phylogenetic positions of the major
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<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1790" box="[667,762,894,915]" class="Reptilia" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[667,762,894,915]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Varanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clades will be further analyzed using morphology and incorporating more complete taxon sampling elsewhere.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |