140 lines
16 KiB
XML
140 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="435671BA8F9B53B9FA9F709E96A9AE30" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4270.1.1SLASH11140" ID-CLB-Dataset="32975" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.583183" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c479acc-8b18-4f0b-a6e5-85bcd6d7b6b7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="583183" ID-ZooBank="2D00AFF5-4FE2-4EC1-A328-C8670CFB8D6D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1495696370209" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jong, Rienk De" docDate="2017" docId="03AA87D32859FFCEF7F0F98FFAAEB7F0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4270.1.1SLASH11140.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4270 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Oligodonta florissantensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FF93FFAB2840FFD7F767FF87FFA3B03E" masterDocTitle="Fossil butterflies, calibration points and the molecular clock (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1698439901205" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A80B0BE3812BF7B75E2B635DF45D4BD1">Fossil butterflies, calibration points and the molecular clock (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7A6EAE532368F4DED0DB3D3C72DD2CA5">Jong, Rienk De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8704A5353436CE4B9D0C5178273D13CB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C2EFC17EF9446EA7BA246CE1268A082B">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03AA87D32859FFCEF7F0F98FFAAEB7F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6046956" ID-GBIF-Taxon="130844878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6046956" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AA87D32859FFCEF7F0F98FFAAEB7F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87D32859FFCEF7F0F98FFAAEB7F0" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="C319654E2859FFCEF7F0F98FFF7CB67D" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7F0F98FFC96B61C" blockId="25.[151,821,1544,1603]" box="[151,821,1544,1570]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<heading id="D0F481A92859FFCEF7F0F98FFC96B61C" bold="true" box="[151,821,1544,1570]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF7F0F98FFC96B61C" bold="true" box="[151,821,1544,1570]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF7F0F98FFEEFB61C" bold="true" box="[151,332,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF7F0F98FFEEBB61C" box="[151,328,1544,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Oligodonta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florissantensis">florissantensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF633F98FFC96B61C" authority="Brown, 1976" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1976" box="[340,821,1544,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Oligodonta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florissantensis">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF633F98FFD33B61C" bold="true" box="[340,656,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Oligodonta florissantensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF5F0F98FFC96B61C" author="Brown" box="[663,821,1544,1570]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Brown, F. M. (1976) † Oligodonta florissantensis, gen. n., sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Bulletin Allyn Museum, 37, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1976">Brown, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7F0F9ADFF7CB67D" blockId="25.[151,821,1544,1603]" box="[151,223,1578,1603]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 8.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C319654E2859FFCEF7F0F9F5FAAEB7F0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7F0F9F5FE69B6B5" blockId="25.[151,1436,1650,1999]" box="[151,458,1650,1675]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF7F0F9F5FE90B6B5" box="[151,307,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nymphalidae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF65AF9F5FE64B6B5" box="[317,455,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Edelfalter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Libytheinae">Libytheinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7A0F910FCE3B690" blockId="25.[151,1436,1650,1999]" box="[199,832,1686,1711]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6B3C982859FFCEF7A0F910FCE3B690" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1503739225" box="[199,832,1686,1711]" country="United States of America" location="Colorado" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colorado">
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<collectingCountry id="F31476552859FFCEF7A0F910FEA1B691" box="[199,258,1687,1711]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF66AF911FEDBB691" box="[269,376,1686,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Praepapilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colorado">
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<collectingRegion id="49C7F8272859FFCEF66AF911FEDBB691" box="[269,376,1686,1711]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Florissant; late Priabonian, late Eocene.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7A0F93DFD81B6ED" blockId="25.[151,1436,1650,1999]" box="[199,546,1722,1747]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Depository: FFNM (holotype).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7A0F959FE1CB725" blockId="25.[151,1436,1650,1999]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Published figures:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF6C6F958FD1DB6C9" author="Brown" box="[417,702,1758,1783]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Brown, F. M. (1976) † Oligodonta florissantensis, gen. n., sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Bulletin Allyn Museum, 37, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1976">
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Brown (1976:
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<figureCitation id="13382A402859FFCEF52AF959FD16B6C9" box="[589,693,1758,1783]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1051,1073]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1650,1672]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,264,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1414,420,1017]" captionTargetBox-1="[175,1415,420,1615]" captionTargetBox-2="[165,1429,840,1774]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[157,1429,411,1026]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1627]" captionTargetId-2="figure@10.[154,1438,828,1788]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Localities of fossil butterflies plotted ion a modern map. See Table 1 for further, complementary information." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Apomorphies, their placement on a tree, and the assignment of calibration points. See text for explanation." captionText-2="FIGURES 3 – 4. Wing venation of (A) Pareronia Bingham, 1907 (Pieridae), and (B) Hasora Moore, 1881 (Hesperiidae). See text for explanation." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/583184/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/583185/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/583186/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF5A9F959FC14B6C9" author="Emmel" box="[718,951,1758,1783]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Emmel, T. C., Minno, M. C. & Drummond, B. A. (1992) Florissant butterflies. A guide to the fossil and present-day species of central Colorado. Stanford University Press, Stanford, x + 118 pp." type="book" year="1992">
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Emmel
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF44DF958FCC3B6C9" box="[810,864,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
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. (1992
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</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<figureCitation id="13382A402859FFCEF4A1F959FBA4B6C9" box="[966,1031,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1051,1073]" captionTargetBox="[167,1414,420,1017]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1429,411,1026]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Localities of fossil butterflies plotted ion a modern map. See Table 1 for further, complementary information." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/583184/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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/2, and at back of color plate III);
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF7F0F885FE1FB725" author="Kawahara" box="[151,444,1794,1819]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Kawahara, A. Y. (2013) Systematic revision and review of the extant and fossil snout butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Libytheinae). Zootaxa, 3631 (1), 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="2013">Kawahara (2013: Fig. 62)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36C52859FFCEF7A0F8A0FAAEB7F0" blockId="25.[151,1436,1650,1999]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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For a good description and interpretation of the fossil, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF407F8A1FB86B701" author="Kawahara" box="[864,1061,1830,1855]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Kawahara, A. Y. (2013) Systematic revision and review of the extant and fossil snout butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Libytheinae). Zootaxa, 3631 (1), 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="2013">Kawahara (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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.This author synonymized it with
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF7F0F8CDFE3CB75D" box="[151,415,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Edelfalter" genus="Barbarothea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florissanti">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF7F0F8CDFE3CB75D" box="[151,415,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Barbarothea florissanti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below) and placed it in the extant genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF4D5F8CDFB45B75D" box="[946,1254,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Libytheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF4D5F8CDFB93B75D" box="[946,1072,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Libytheana</emphasis>
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(Nymphalidae)
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</taxonomicName>
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, see description below. It was placed in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF6B1F8E9FD91B7B9" box="[470,562,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pieridae</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF507F8E8FCA3B7B9" author="Brown" box="[608,768,1902,1927]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Brown, F. M. (1976) † Oligodonta florissantensis, gen. n., sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Bulletin Allyn Museum, 37, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1976">Brown (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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(followed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF4C2F8E9FBDDB7B9" author="Emmel" box="[933,1150,1902,1927]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Emmel, T. C., Minno, M. C. & Drummond, B. A. (1992) Florissant butterflies. A guide to the fossil and present-day species of central Colorado. Stanford University Press, Stanford, x + 118 pp." type="book" year="1992">
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Emmel
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF498F8E8FB91B7B9" box="[1023,1074,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
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. 1992
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</bibRefCitation>
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), because of the unjustly supposed similarity with
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF6DEF815FD80B795" box="[441,547,1938,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leodonta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF6DEF815FD80B795" box="[441,547,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Leodonta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Subsequently,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B342859FFCEF5BEF815FC15B795" box="[729,950,1938,1963]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Braby, M. F., Vila, R. & Pierce, N. E. (2006) Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): higher classification and biogeography. Zoological Journal Linnean Society, 147, 239 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2006.00218. x" type="journal article">
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Braby
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF440F813FCF8B795" box="[807,859,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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used the fossil as calibration point on the phylogenetic tree of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF6C0F831FDA0B7F1" box="[423,515,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pieridae</taxonomicName>
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as a close relative of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF479F830FC32B7F0" box="[798,913,1975,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Catasticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF479F830FC32B7F0" box="[798,913,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Catasticta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, if not the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D462859FFCEF3FBF831FAA5B7F1" box="[1180,1286,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leodonta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B977EAD72859FFCEF3FBF831FAA5B7F1" box="[1180,1286,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Leodonta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |