146 lines
18 KiB
XML
146 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="89CAD9BF941C7E35A080E9842FF9C2A9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5375708" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5375708" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630279122481" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Prasad, Guntupalli V. R. & Manhas, Brijesh K." docDate="2002" docId="59258795FFE9FFB31310FD2A741BFBE2" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2002.24.2.445-464.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 24 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA833BFD04EE0E3F39962C07E351CEA5.3:Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EA833BFD04EE0E3F39962C07E351CEA5" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Triconodonta Osborn 1888" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="453" masterDocId="A51CFFEDFFEEFFBB102DFF417521FFA6" masterDocTitle="Triconodont mammals from the Jurassic Kota Formation of India" masterLastPageNumber="464" masterPageNumber="445" pageNumber="452" updateTime="1699211257734" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:mods id="04121BDAB330F34B4409F5B771BECF4C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0A30B41394B11F8E70AF62C7DEDF913F">
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<mods:title id="F7451BD00CDD02954CD4C328C8793A19">Triconodont mammals from the Jurassic Kota Formation of India</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B1F6CD36E09A4A72A50D04B7BB869844" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FD2B9BFAD9AD93D358D2E5FB7E615EC6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="64E7E943E8DB4DF5A8A529AADE0829F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="323FDB17FA854D2D463686046E5AF5FD">Prasad, Guntupalli V. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="768E9BFE697EED22C077ADD7DBAEB66B">Department of Geology, University of Jammu, Jammu 180 006 (India) pguntupalli @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4B81CBCAEB2601D286A7F9440F6BC004" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DA9DB6C56720BD0A46B224893494C09F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9C449CA56C211BFCDC89536C9C7012D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="83704D02DAA566F9613C081D9EB155CA">Manhas, Brijesh K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="789CA341ED96CB992A080493D3CA5320">Sector E, Sainik Colony, Jammu (India).</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9B9CF81D002B1FCBB0921DC273616833">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="4155734F4F956A916F09E03833F9D907" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="879543F67E2AE56BB3F985F6C456AE57">
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<mods:title id="A6832ABCCD3EC7B452E3258ADA2A01FF">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="DC656CE7D9CA5371E00832D3DD09E77E">
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<mods:date id="EDAA3BC927904952D6EF61EA67C4705F">2002</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B881D840ED6E1FEAA482BD143596A6B0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="48713E3464EF18670EEE46BE93D8B9F0">24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="2BA4F0505672913ADE82D0E81C0F050C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="88F0905BBA59C581FC44CB7E4D970653">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C090D16C73561832E901350894AE5E52">445</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="4D2A5184A9D1A92615AC626D56026C04">464</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="967F7D91ED95FA3CDFC4DB3C6C9DAD15">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8F77A9A6E24B8771640CEDB085BB85F0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5375708</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="62B73526FD43AF511D6FC5D59000B433" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="19EC4D227A50C5BCF50A2DA11BAFAA10" type="Zenodo-Dep">5375708</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="59258795FFE9FFB31310FD2A741BFBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59258795FFE9FFB31310FD2A741BFBE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/59258795FFE9FFB31310FD2A741BFBE2" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
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<subSubSection id="99966508FFE9FFBC1310FD2A76B9FD40" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE9FFBC1310FD2A711CFD03" blockId="7.[714,1247,619,859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
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<heading id="8A7B81EFFFE9FFBC1310FD2A711CFD03" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="168C4D00FFE9FFBC1310FD2A7106FD23" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1888" box="[829,1063,619,645]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Triconodonta" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">TRICONODONTA</taxonomicName>
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indet. (
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<figureCitation id="49B72A06FFE9FFBC135FFDCA76C8FD03" box="[882,1001,651,677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[151,162,1448,1465]" captionTargetBox="[213,1193,148,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-87@5.[213,1193,148,1433]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-E, left lower molar, holotype (VPL/JU/KM/13); A, lingual view; B, labial view; C, occlusal view; D, posterior view; E, ante- rior view; F, G, Triconodonta indet., fragmentary left lower molar (VPL/JU/KM/15); F, labial view; G, lingual view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375712/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Figs 2F, G</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="49B72A06FFE9FFBC13D8FDCA7117FD03" box="[1013,1078,651,677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[151,162,1311,1328]" captionTargetBox="[195,1211,169,1282]" captionTargetId="figure-132@6.[136,1229,143,1330]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — A-E, Dyskritodon indicus n. sp., left lower molar, holotype (VPL/JU/KM/13); A, lingual view; B, labial view; C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, occlusal view; F, G, Triconodonta indet., fragmentary left lower molar (VPL/JU/KM/15); F, lingual view; G, labial view. Abbreviations: a-f, cusps a-f; licc, lingual cingular cuspule;?w. f.,?wear facet. Hatched areas represent wear facets and crossed hatching demarcates broken areas in all figures. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375714/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">3F, G</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE9FFBC12E7FDF576B9FD40" blockId="7.[714,1247,619,859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">REFERRED MATERIAL. — VPL/JU/KM/15, fragmentary lower left molar.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="99966508FFE9FFB312E7FDB7741BFBE2" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE9FFBC12E7FDB7716DFCFD" blockId="7.[714,1247,619,859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
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HORIZON AND LOCALITY. — Mudstones associated with the limestone bands of Kota Formation, west of Paikasigudem village, Rebbana Mandalam, Adilabad District,
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<collectingRegion id="1348F861FFE9FFBC130FFC02769EFCFD" box="[802,959,835,859]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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(State),
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<collectingCountry id="A99B7613FFE9FFBC143FFC027168FCFD" box="[1042,1097,835,859]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE9FFBC12E7FCCB767AFC04" blockId="7.[714,1247,906,1669]" box="[714,859,906,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE9FFB312E7FCEA75D4FDC2" blockId="7.[714,1247,906,1669]" lastBlockId="8.[151,684,170,613]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
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The specimen is a partial lower molar (length of preserved specimen =
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<quantity id="16749B66FFE9FFBC1397FC8A7111FC42" box="[954,1072,970,997]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.139999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="0.814">0.814 mm</quantity>
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, maximum preserved width =
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<quantity id="16749B66FFE9FFBC1357FCAA76D7FBA2" box="[890,1014,1002,1029]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="0.465">0.465 mm</quantity>
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). The anterior cusps and anterior root are broken off. The main cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC14FFFB4B71FFFB85" box="[1234,1246,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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is half preserved. It is the highest and largest cusp with a flat lingual face. It is connected to the small posterior cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC1385FB2B7690FB25" box="[936,945,1130,1155]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">c</emphasis>
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(less than half the height of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC132CFBCB762CFB05" box="[769,781,1162,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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) by a posterior crest. The main cusp is vertical in the orientation of its long axis, whereas cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC1329FB8B762CFB45" box="[772,781,1226,1251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">c</emphasis>
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is slightly reclining posteriorly making an acute angle with that of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC1429FBAB7131FAA5" box="[1028,1040,1258,1283]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="49B72A06FFE9FFBC1433FBAA7156FAA3" box="[1054,1143,1259,1285]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[151,162,1448,1465]" captionTargetBox="[213,1193,148,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-87@5.[213,1193,148,1433]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-E, left lower molar, holotype (VPL/JU/KM/13); A, lingual view; B, labial view; C, occlusal view; D, posterior view; E, ante- rior view; F, G, Triconodonta indet., fragmentary left lower molar (VPL/JU/KM/15); F, labial view; G, lingual view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375712/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Figs 2G</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="49B72A06FFE9FFBC14AFFBAA7182FAA3" box="[1154,1187,1259,1285]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[151,162,1311,1328]" captionTargetBox="[195,1211,169,1282]" captionTargetId="figure-132@6.[136,1229,143,1330]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — A-E, Dyskritodon indicus n. sp., left lower molar, holotype (VPL/JU/KM/13); A, lingual view; B, labial view; C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, occlusal view; F, G, Triconodonta indet., fragmentary left lower molar (VPL/JU/KM/15); F, lingual view; G, labial view. Abbreviations: a-f, cusps a-f; licc, lingual cingular cuspule;?w. f.,?wear facet. Hatched areas represent wear facets and crossed hatching demarcates broken areas in all figures. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375714/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">3F</figureCitation>
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). It is separated from cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC13EDFA4B76EDFA85" box="[960,972,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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by a shallow V-shaped notch. The lingual face of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC140BFA6B710EFAE5" box="[1062,1071,1322,1347]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">c</emphasis>
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is also flat. The posterior accessory cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC13FCFA0A76FFFAC3" box="[977,990,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">d</emphasis>
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is a very small, cingular cusp and is prolonged anterolingually by the lingual cingulum, which possibly bears two incipient cingular cuspules. Anterior to these cuspules, the cingulum becomes reduced and indistinct at the level of the middle of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC140FFAAB710FF9A5" box="[1058,1070,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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. The labial face of
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC12CAF94B77D2F985" box="[743,755,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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is acutely angulated. A slight basal swelling is present between the cusps
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC13CBF96B76D3F9E5" box="[998,1010,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC1405F96A7114F9E3" box="[1064,1077,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">d</emphasis>
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. The labial face of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC1336F90B7605F9C5" box="[795,804,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">c</emphasis>
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is also convex, but less than that of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE9FFBC14E1F90B71F9F9C5" box="[1228,1240,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">a</emphasis>
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. The posterior face of the crown is rounded. The enamel of the crown is poorly preserved. Hence it is difficult to say whether wear facets were present or not, though there appears to be a wear facet on the posterolabial face of
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB31184FE4B7494FE85" box="[425,437,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">a</emphasis>
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and an indistinct one on the labial face of cusps
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB31198FE6B749FFEE5" box="[437,446,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">c</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB311DBFE6A7722FEE3" box="[502,515,299,325]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">d</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="49B72A06FFE6FFB3123EFE6A774AFEE3" box="[531,619,299,325]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[151,162,1311,1328]" captionTargetBox="[195,1211,169,1282]" captionTargetId="figure-132@6.[136,1229,143,1330]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — A-E, Dyskritodon indicus n. sp., left lower molar, holotype (VPL/JU/KM/13); A, lingual view; B, labial view; C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, occlusal view; F, G, Triconodonta indet., fragmentary left lower molar (VPL/JU/KM/15); F, lingual view; G, labial view. Abbreviations: a-f, cusps a-f; licc, lingual cingular cuspule;?w. f.,?wear facet. Hatched areas represent wear facets and crossed hatching demarcates broken areas in all figures. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375714/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
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). The labial tip of cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB3114DFE0B7448FEC5" box="[352,361,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">c</emphasis>
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is also worn (
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<figureCitation id="49B72A06FFE6FFB31221FE0A7749FEC3" box="[524,616,331,357]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[151,162,1311,1328]" captionTargetBox="[195,1211,169,1282]" captionTargetId="figure-132@6.[136,1229,143,1330]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — A-E, Dyskritodon indicus n. sp., left lower molar, holotype (VPL/JU/KM/13); A, lingual view; B, labial view; C, posterior view; D, anterior view; E, occlusal view; F, G, Triconodonta indet., fragmentary left lower molar (VPL/JU/KM/15); F, lingual view; G, labial view. Abbreviations: a-f, cusps a-f; licc, lingual cingular cuspule;?w. f.,?wear facet. Hatched areas represent wear facets and crossed hatching demarcates broken areas in all figures. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375714/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
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). The posterior root is anteroposteriorly long at the base of the cusps and supports the entire preserved part of the crown. This root tapers ventrally and is moderately flattened labiolingually. It has convex anterior and posterior faces. A very shallow sulcus extends from the base of the crown (below the junction of cusps
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB311A0FD6B74B8FDE5" box="[397,409,554,579]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">a</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB311F8FD6B74FFFDE5" box="[469,478,554,579]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">c</emphasis>
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) to mid-length of the root.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE6FFB310BAFDCA7410FD04" blockId="8.[151,685,651,1093]" box="[151,305,651,677]" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">COMPARISONS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1333683FFE6FFB310BAFDEA741BFBE2" blockId="8.[151,685,651,1093]" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">
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Incompleteness of the tooth does not allow any definitive comments on its taxonomic position. Nevertheless, the presence of a high principal cusp with its long axis vertically oriented and an accessory cusp
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB31114FC6B7463FCE5" box="[313,322,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">c</emphasis>
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with its long axis diverging away from that of
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB3110BFC0B7413FCC5" box="[294,306,842,867]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">a</emphasis>
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is seen in some amphilestines and gobiconodontines as well as
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<taxonomicName id="168C4D00FFE6FFB311E4FC2A7712FC23" box="[457,563,875,901]" class="Mammalia" genus="Jeholodens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Triconodonta" pageId="8" pageNumber="453" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB311E4FC2A7712FC23" box="[457,563,875,901]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">Jeholodens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The latter and
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<taxonomicName id="168C4D00FFE6FFB310E4FCCA7445FC03" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1998" box="[201,356,907,933]" class="Mammalia" genus="Tendagurodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Triconodonta" pageId="8" pageNumber="453" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB310E4FCCA7445FC03" box="[201,356,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">Tendagurodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ from VPL/JU/KM/
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<quantity id="16749B66FFE6FFB312BFFCCA758CFC63" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="8" pageNumber="453" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
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the absence of a distinct lingual cingulum. If the wear facets observed for VPL/JU/KM/14 are correct, then the occlusion pattern for this tooth can be supposed to be similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="168C4D00FFE6FFB310BAFB6A7412FBE3" authorityName="Kuhne" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,307,1067,1093]" class="Mammalia" family="Morganucodontidae" genus="Morganucodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Morganucodonta" pageId="8" pageNumber="453" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E3F8EA91FFE6FFB310BAFB6A7412FBE3" box="[151,307,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">Morganucodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
.
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|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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|
</document> |