332 lines
45 KiB
XML
332 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="FE3CBE88E239D7EC42534DF2AC791B63" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3669.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="105e3c13-a88f-4aa7-a8b3-8a74ee8c244e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249423" ID-ZooBank="DC8922B5-F317-46EC-92E0-7AED66A0C714" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460632703143" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aguila, Rayner Núñez, Matos- Maraví, Pável F. & Wahlberg, Niklas" docDate="2013" docId="03C287DEFFD7931DFF47FBDB001AFE35" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03669p521.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3669 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Calisto aquilum Nunez, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="515" masterDocId="FFFBFFA6FFDD9311FFD0FF99022AFFFA" masterDocTitle="New Calisto species from Cuba, with insights on the relationships of Cuban and Bahamian taxa (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="521" masterPageNumber="503" pageNumber="513" updateTime="1698334641043" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="1A796943DA55EE146AABB66FACD7BC76" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0C053A035E1DC92F6451EB8D9AC02DEE">
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<mods:title id="B246B1E89E38D39D2C88660A26D92691">New Calisto species from Cuba, with insights on the relationships of Cuban and Bahamian taxa (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E5FD895568155C2E7F1FF6DED9C75453" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E59473D20655FA7D064FF05E37C2ACBC">
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<mods:roleTerm id="241350D2E0E83B211195C26D9312100A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="84F68044246EAA4D1715D7B0C080D46E">Aguila, Rayner Núñez</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8428B0515FAFBB4293F7C007A91FBABD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C60FDAA5E46B0777BF72070565F1055D">Matos- Maraví, Pável F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="405C391497B26566A3BB529B85C53632" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A06B5CBAA10C3F7371E5F1E45E1B9475">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5BA6A0FAAA2E7DEEC3F62CBB788DDBF6">Wahlberg, Niklas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CD92BED159CE844D3740559A55F53AD1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D8BDDDB2E7556ABE4A1338C24062AC0D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F367218262AE3DADD0613EF67ED74DB8">
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<mods:date id="1F7E837BB242129102EF79601591386F">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="69E6C58D0EDCDA022B6AAB59782C558D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E8DBF24AD940F111498BF6000AF492AD">3669</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="7BBAB9CBAD7408B186FFB13370518D01" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D9D32CE4FF7793A5E545645BA9A52B23">4</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8986DE38A172137368161DF61C8D262A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="750B61E8769B897EAD91F5B9099539E1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3669.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C3863EBEBBCFCBBEF59A93996D5F34EB" type="GBIF-Dataset">105e3c13-a88f-4aa7-a8b3-8a74ee8c244e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4DFB45EBD6E95C04EB9DFA2933D1D8D5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C287DEFFD7931DFF47FBDB001AFE35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6161728" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119570021" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6161728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C287DEFFD7931DFF47FBDB001AFE35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C287DEFFD7931DFF47FBDB001AFE35" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD7931BFF47FBDB0053FB87" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD7931BFF47FBDB03D5FBA6" blockId="10.[151,633,1090,1149]" box="[151,511,1090,1116]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<heading id="D09C81A4FFD7931BFF47FBDB03D5FBA6" bold="true" box="[151,511,1090,1116]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF47FBDB03D5FBA6" bold="true" box="[151,511,1090,1116]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFF47FBDB039AFBA6" authority="Nunez" authorityName="Nunez" box="[151,432,1090,1116]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF47FBDB0372FBA6" bold="true" box="[151,344,1090,1116]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Calisto aquilum</emphasis>
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Núñez
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C57A1FFD7931BFE6DFBDB03D5FBA6" box="[445,511,1090,1116]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD7931BFF47FBFC0053FB87" blockId="10.[151,633,1090,1149]" box="[151,633,1125,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD7931BFF47FBFC0306FB87" box="[151,300,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,201,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[286,1299,194,1785]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Types of Calisto from Cuba. Calisto aquilum sp. n.: 9 — 3 holotype upper side, 10 — 3 holotype under side, from Sancti Spiritus, Trinidad, ladera norte de Pico Potrerillo, 750 – 850 m, 11 / V / 2012, DNA voucher RN 01 – 02 (M 070), 11 — Ƥ paratype upper side, 12 — Ƥ paratype under side, same data as holotype. Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n.: 13 — Ƥ holotype upper side, 14 — Ƥ holotype under side, from Pinar del Río, base sur de Pan de Azúcar, 75 m, 25 / IX / 2011, DNA voucher PM 20 – 02 (M 056), 15 — Ƥ paratype upper side, 16 — Ƥ paratype under side, from Pinar del Río, Sendero Las Maravillas (8 km SW of Viñales village), 200 m, 24 / IX / 2011, DNA voucher PM 20 – 03 (M 057)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249425/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figures 9–12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD7931BFEE8FBFC03ABFB87" box="[312,385,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[226,1359,194,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[226,1360,194,1516]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Live adults of Cuban Calisto. Calisto torrei sp. n.: 17 — from Sancti Spiritus, Banao, subida a La Sabina, 450 m, 18 — from Sancti Spiritus, Topes de Collante, La Represa, 800 m. Calisto dissimulatum sp. n.: 19, 20 — from Holguín, alrededores de La Zoilita, 400 m. Calisto aquilum sp. n.: 21 — from Cienfuegos, road to Pico San Juan, 22 — from Cienfuegos, Pico San Juan." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249426/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">21–22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD7931BFE5CFBFC03D4FB87" box="[396,510,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 32" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,189,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[181,1425,162,1872]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 32. Shape and location of androconial patch, and male and female genitalia of Cuban Calisto. Androconial patch: 23 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 24 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 25 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Male genitalia, from top to bottom main body in lateral view, aedeagus in lateral view, and aedeagus in dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 26 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 27 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 28 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Female genitalia, ventral view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 29 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 30 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 31 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. 32 — Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249427/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">25, 28, 31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD7931BFDDAFBFC0003FB87" box="[522,553,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 36" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[326,1258,201,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[326,1259,194,1785]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 36. Geographical distribution of new species of Cuban Calisto. 33 — Map of Cuba showing areas where the new taxa were found. 34 — Middle rectangle in figure 33, localities where Calisto torrei sp. n. (black circles) and Calisto aquilum sp. n. (white stars) have been found in the Guamuhaya massif. 35 — Rigth rectangle in figure 33, localities where Calisto dissimulatum sp. n. has been found in the Sierra Maestra and Nipe – Sagua – Baracoa massifs. 36 — Left rectangle in figure 33, localities where Calistoaquilum occidentalis ssp. n. has been found in the middle portion of the Guaniguanico massif." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249428/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">34</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD7931BFDE4FBFC0053FB87" box="[564,633,1125,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 40" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1123,1147]" captionTargetBox="[207,1379,194,1101]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[207,1379,194,1102]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 40. Habitats of Calisto torrei sp. n. and Calisto aquilum sp. n. 37 — Vicinity of Pico San Juan, 1140 m, at Alturas de Trinidad, the top of the Guamahaya massif, central Cuba. 38 — Rainforest understory at Pico San Juan. 39 — Broad leaf evergreen forest near La Sabina, Alturas de Banao, Guamuhaya massif. 40 – Mogote's (limestome hills) vegetation complex at the slope of Pico Potrerillo (931 m), Alturas de Trinidad, Guamahaya massif." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249429/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">37–40</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD7931BFF47FB340397FA3B" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD7931BFF47FB340397FA3B" blockId="10.[151,1437,1197,2014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF47FB3403F5FB3F" bold="true" box="[151,479,1197,1222]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<typeStatus id="54D0886AFFD7931BFF47FB3402F8FB3F" box="[151,210,1197,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Type</typeStatus>
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material. Holotype—
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</emphasis>
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3,
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<collectingCountry id="F37C7658FFD7931BFDD9FB340073FB3F" box="[521,601,1197,1221]" name="Cuba" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">CUBA</collectingCountry>
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, Sancti Spiritus,
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<collectingCountry id="F37C7658FFD7931BFCF9FB3401A1FB3F" box="[809,907,1197,1221]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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, ladera norte de Pico Potrerillo,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5F500FFFD7931BFF47FB48030BFB13" box="[151,289,1233,1257]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" precision="15" value="-80.01361">80°00'49"W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFEE6FB480396FB13" box="[310,444,1233,1257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="800.0" valueMax="850.0" valueMin="750.0">750-850 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFD51008FFD7931BFE01FB480061FB13" box="[465,587,1233,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" value="2012-05-11">11/V/2012</date>
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, R. Núñez, DNA voucher RN01–02 (M070). Deposited in CZACC.
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF47FB6C0301FAF7" bold="true" box="[151,299,1269,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Paratypes—</emphasis>
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8 3, 2 Ƥ: same data as
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<typeStatus id="54D0886AFFD7931BFDE0FB6C00BFFAF7" box="[560,661,1269,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, 3 genitalia in glycerine (3 3, 1 Ƥ). Sancti Spiritus, Loma de Banao, camino de La Sabina a Caja de Agua,
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<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFD99FA8000B8FACB" box="[585,658,1305,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFD51008FFD7931BFD4FFA800132FACB" box="[671,792,1305,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" value="2012-05-11">11/V/2012</date>
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, R. Núñez, DNA voucher PM20–01 (M055), genitalia in glycerin (1 Ƥ). Cienfuegos, Cumanayagua, Pico San Juan,
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<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFCFBFAA40150FAAF" box="[811,890,1341,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140m</quantity>
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,
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,
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<date id="FFD51008FFD7931BFB75FAA40735FAAF" box="[1189,1311,1341,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" value="2012-05-12">12/V/2012</date>
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, R. Núñez, DNA voucher RN01–07 (M071), 3 & Ƥ genitalia in glycerin (3 3, 1 Ƥ); Cumanayagua, Buenos Aires,
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<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFA85FAF807B2FA83" box="[1365,1432,1377,1401]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="600.0">600m</quantity>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5F500FFFD7931BFF47FA1C0331FA67" box="[151,283,1413,1437]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" precision="15" value="21.986944">21°59'13"N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5F500FFFD7931BFEF4FA1C0387FA67" box="[292,429,1413,1437]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" precision="15" value="-80.18889">80°11'20"W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFD51008FFD7931BFE6BFA1C0011FA67" box="[443,571,1413,1437]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" value="1967-06-16">16/VI/1967</date>
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(1 3); Cumanayagua, carretera a Pico San Juan,
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<date id="FFD51008FFD7931BFBA8FA1C06E5FA67" box="[1144,1231,1413,1437]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" value="1986-05">V/1986</date>
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, R. Rodríguez, (1 3). Deposited in CZACC.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD7931BFF17FA57003BF9F3" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD7931BFF17FA57003BF9F3" blockId="10.[151,1437,1197,2014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF17FA570364FA1C" bold="true" box="[199,334,1486,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species name is derived from the Latin
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFC9AFA5701B7FA1C" box="[842,925,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">aquilus</emphasis>
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(dark–colored, dun), in reference to the dark brownish coloration of the adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD7931BFF17F98C075FF827" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD7931BFF17F98C075FF827" blockId="10.[151,1437,1197,2014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF17F98C036BF9D4" bold="true" box="[199,321,1557,1582]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFE9AF98F002AF9D4" box="[330,512,1558,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFE9AF98F002AF9D4" box="[330,512,1558,1582]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Calisto aquilum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is superficially most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFCA0F98F0628F9D4" box="[880,1026,1558,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFCA0F98F0628F9D4" box="[880,1026,1558,1582]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. smintheus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFBC3F98F06A0F9D4" box="[1043,1162,1558,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">
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<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFBC3F98F06A0F9D4" box="[1043,1162,1558,1582]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. brochei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFB15F98F0757F9D4" box="[1221,1405,1558,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFB15F98F0757F9D4" box="[1221,1405,1558,1582]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. dissimulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
¸ a new species previously described herein. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFD68F9A30161F9AB" box="[696,843,1593,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFD68F9A30161F9AB" box="[696,843,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. smintheus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it differs by its less brighter pattern, by lacking the strong reddish suffusion at underside of hindwing, and its smaller average size: 3 FWL=18.6±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFB0CF9C4071CF98F" box="[1244,1334,1629,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, N=7, Ƥ FWL=17.9±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFEF2F9180357F963" box="[290,381,1665,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, N=3
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFE16F91B0027F963" box="[454,525,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">versus</emphasis>
|
||
3 FWL=21.9±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFD13F9180131F963" box="[707,795,1665,1689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, N=50, Ƥ FWL=22.5±1.4, N=23. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFB3DF91B074FF963" box="[1261,1381,1665,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFB3DF91B074FF963" box="[1261,1381,1665,1689]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. brochei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs by lacking the waved outer margin of male androconial patch, by its less contrasted underside wing pattern, and its smaller average size: 3 FWL=20.9±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFD79F9500122F91B" box="[681,776,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, N=9, Ƥ FWL=21.5±0.4, N=
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD7931BFBBAF95006B0F91B" box="[1130,1178,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFB78F9530709F91B" box="[1192,1315,1737,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFB78F9530709F91B" box="[1192,1315,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. brochei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFA52F9530306F8FC" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFA52F9530306F8FC" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. dissimulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs externally by its less contrasted underside wing pattern. From all three above mentioned species differs by lacking the dense ochre or reddish scaling around subterminal lines at apexes of both wings. Internally, the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFDDDF8AF00A7F8B4" box="[525,653,1846,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFDDDF8AF00A7F8B4" box="[525,653,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. aquilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFC8CF8AF01DAF8B4" box="[860,1008,1846,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFC8CF8AF01DAF8B4" box="[860,1008,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. smintheus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFBFDF8AF068DF8B4" box="[1069,1191,1846,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFBFDF8AF068DF8B4" box="[1069,1191,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. brochei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its proportionally smaller uncus when compared to tegumen and it is tapered after basal half instead from base as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFB0CF8C30747F88B" box="[1244,1389,1881,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFB0CF8C30747F88B" box="[1244,1389,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. smintheus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFF47F8E70321F86C" box="[151,267,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF47F8E70321F86C" box="[151,267,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. brochei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The digitiform projection of valvae is straight as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFC85F8E701CCF86C" box="[853,998,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFC85F8E701CCF86C" box="[853,998,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. smintheus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but shorter whereas it’s slightly curved in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFF63F83B030DF843" box="[179,295,1953,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF63F83B030DF843" box="[179,295,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. brochei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are no appreciable differences with the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFC24F83B0683F843" box="[1012,1193,1953,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFC24F83B0683F843" box="[1012,1193,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">C. dissimulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD7931BFF65F85F0343F824" box="[181,361,1990,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD7931BFF65F85F0343F824" box="[181,361,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Calisto aquilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is diagnostic by having an asymmetric dorsal crown, thinner on the left side in ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF146640FFD6931AFF47FBFA06EAFB21" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249429/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" targetBox="[207,1379,194,1101]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD6931AFF47FBFA06EAFB21" blockId="11.[151,1436,1123,1243]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFF47FBFA0377FB81" bold="true" box="[151,349,1123,1147]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">FIGURES 37–40.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitats of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD6931AFE30FBFD005AFB81" box="[480,624,1124,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torrei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFE30FBFD005AFB81" box="[480,624,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Calisto torrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C57A1FFD6931AFDA6FBFA0098FB81" box="[630,690,1123,1147]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFDA6FBFA0098FB81" bold="true" box="[630,690,1123,1147]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD6931AFD36FBFD01BAFB81" box="[742,912,1124,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFD36FBFD01BAFB81" box="[742,912,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Calisto aquilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFC48FBFA0625FB81" bold="true" box="[920,1039,1123,1147]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C57A1FFD6931AFC48FBFA01F9FB81" box="[920,979,1123,1147]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
37—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Vicinity of Pico San Juan, 1140 m, at Alturas de Trinidad, the top of the Guamahaya massif, central Cuba.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFC50FB1A019FFB61" bold="true" box="[896,949,1155,1179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">38—</emphasis>
|
||
Rainforest understory at Pico San Juan.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFAB6FB1A07B1FB61" bold="true" box="[1382,1435,1155,1179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">39—</emphasis>
|
||
Broad leaf evergreen forest near La
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD6931AFDE6FB3D00CAFB41" authority="Alturas" authorityName="Alturas" box="[566,736,1188,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Sabina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sabina, Alturas</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Banao, Guamuhaya massif.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFB9CFB3A065EFB41" bold="true" box="[1100,1140,1187,1211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">40–</emphasis>
|
||
Mogote's (limestome hills) vegetation complex at the slope of Pico Potrerillo (931 m), Alturas de Trinidad, Guamahaya massif.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD6931AFF17FA9A0394F8C7" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD6931AFF17FA9A0394F8C7" blockId="11.[151,1437,1283,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFF17FA9A0373FAE6" bold="true" box="[199,345,1283,1308]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Forewing length 3
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD6931AFD81FA9D00D6FAE6" box="[593,764,1284,1308]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.86" metricValueMax="1.98" metricValueMin="1.7399999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" unit="mm" value="18.6" valueMax="19.8" valueMin="17.4">17.4–19.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Ƥ
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD6931AFCFFFA9D01F0FAE6" box="[815,986,1284,1308]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.73" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" unit="mm" value="17.75" valueMax="18.2" valueMin="17.3">17.3–18.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Upper surface of wings dark brown, uniform in both sexes; male androconial patch darker than background, almost black, anterior margin behind posterior margin of cell, outer margin parallel to wing margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFC85FAD501C0FA9E" box="[853,1002,1356,1380]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,201,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[286,1299,194,1785]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Types of Calisto from Cuba. Calisto aquilum sp. n.: 9 — 3 holotype upper side, 10 — 3 holotype under side, from Sancti Spiritus, Trinidad, ladera norte de Pico Potrerillo, 750 – 850 m, 11 / V / 2012, DNA voucher RN 01 – 02 (M 070), 11 — Ƥ paratype upper side, 12 — Ƥ paratype under side, same data as holotype. Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n.: 13 — Ƥ holotype upper side, 14 — Ƥ holotype under side, from Pinar del Río, base sur de Pan de Azúcar, 75 m, 25 / IX / 2011, DNA voucher PM 20 – 02 (M 056), 15 — Ƥ paratype upper side, 16 — Ƥ paratype under side, from Pinar del Río, Sendero Las Maravillas (8 km SW of Viñales village), 200 m, 24 / IX / 2011, DNA voucher PM 20 – 03 (M 057)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249425/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Figures 9, 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFC26FAD5063CFA9E" box="[1014,1046,1356,1380]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 32" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,189,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[181,1425,162,1872]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 32. Shape and location of androconial patch, and male and female genitalia of Cuban Calisto. Androconial patch: 23 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 24 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 25 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Male genitalia, from top to bottom main body in lateral view, aedeagus in lateral view, and aedeagus in dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 26 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 27 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 28 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Female genitalia, ventral view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 29 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 30 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 31 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. 32 — Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249427/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Under surface brown with darker lines, background slightly paler at outer margin of post discal line; forewing ocellus with two bluish white iridescent pupils, post discal line externally edged with little contrasting pale yellow scaling at ocellus area; about two fifths of cell extension red colored, both base and apex brown colored as surrounding background; hindwing background mixed with pale yellow and pale ochre scales basal to post dical line which is externally edge by little contrasting pale yellow scaling, heavier around ocellus; post discal area sparsely splashed with lilac scales and four white dots at vein interspaces Rs–M1, M1–M2, M2–M3 and M3–Cu1, dots at M1–M2 and M2–M3 slightly larger than those at Rs–M1 and M3–Cu1 ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFDC7F9D20096F999" box="[535,700,1611,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,201,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[286,1299,194,1785]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Types of Calisto from Cuba. Calisto aquilum sp. n.: 9 — 3 holotype upper side, 10 — 3 holotype under side, from Sancti Spiritus, Trinidad, ladera norte de Pico Potrerillo, 750 – 850 m, 11 / V / 2012, DNA voucher RN 01 – 02 (M 070), 11 — Ƥ paratype upper side, 12 — Ƥ paratype under side, same data as holotype. Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n.: 13 — Ƥ holotype upper side, 14 — Ƥ holotype under side, from Pinar del Río, base sur de Pan de Azúcar, 75 m, 25 / IX / 2011, DNA voucher PM 20 – 02 (M 056), 15 — Ƥ paratype upper side, 16 — Ƥ paratype under side, from Pinar del Río, Sendero Las Maravillas (8 km SW of Viñales village), 200 m, 24 / IX / 2011, DNA voucher PM 20 – 03 (M 057)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249425/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Figures 10, 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFD19F9D20139F999" box="[713,787,1611,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[226,1359,194,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[226,1360,194,1516]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Live adults of Cuban Calisto. Calisto torrei sp. n.: 17 — from Sancti Spiritus, Banao, subida a La Sabina, 450 m, 18 — from Sancti Spiritus, Topes de Collante, La Represa, 800 m. Calisto dissimulatum sp. n.: 19, 20 — from Holguín, alrededores de La Zoilita, 400 m. Calisto aquilum sp. n.: 21 — from Cienfuegos, road to Pico San Juan, 22 — from Cienfuegos, Pico San Juan." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249426/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">21, 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male genitalia with tegumen about two thirds the length of uncus, slightly concave at the middle and rounded at posterior half; uncus slightly arched, basal half about the same height then gradually tapering toward apex; digitiform projection of valvae, including ventral margin, straight and moderately short; aedeagus sinuated with distinct right curves at both basal and apical halves and an additional smaller curve at the middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFE08F9440060F90F" box="[472,586,1757,1781]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 32" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,189,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[181,1425,162,1872]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 32. Shape and location of androconial patch, and male and female genitalia of Cuban Calisto. Androconial patch: 23 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 24 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 25 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Male genitalia, from top to bottom main body in lateral view, aedeagus in lateral view, and aedeagus in dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 26 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 27 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 28 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Female genitalia, ventral view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 29 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 30 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 31 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. 32 — Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249427/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Figure 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female genitalia with dorsal crown asymmetric, thinner on the left side in ventral view, height about 0.33x width at right side and 0.20 at the left side; ductus bursae about 1.3x the length of corpus bursae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFE90F8BC039BF8C7" box="[320,433,1829,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 32" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,189,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[181,1425,162,1872]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 32. Shape and location of androconial patch, and male and female genitalia of Cuban Calisto. Androconial patch: 23 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 24 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 25 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Male genitalia, from top to bottom main body in lateral view, aedeagus in lateral view, and aedeagus in dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 26 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 27 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 28 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. Female genitalia, ventral view (scale bar 0.5 mm): 29 — Calisto torrei sp. n., 30 — Calisto dissimulatum sp. n., 31 — Calisto aquilum sp. n. 32 — Calisto aquilum occidentalis ssp. n." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249427/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Figure 31</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD6931AFF17F8D00197F853" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD6931AFF17F8D00197F853" blockId="11.[151,1437,1283,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFF17F8D0034AF898" bold="true" box="[199,352,1865,1890]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD6931AFEBAF8D3000BF898" box="[362,545,1866,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFEBAF8D3000BF898" box="[362,545,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Calisto aquilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from localities on both sections, Alturas de Banao and Alturas de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C7658FFD6931AFF47F8F402D3F87F" box="[151,249,1901,1925]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, of the Guamuhaya massif, the major mountain range of central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C7658FFD6931AFBD3F8F40614F87F" box="[1027,1086,1901,1925]" name="Cuba" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFB82F8F40729F87F" box="[1106,1283,1901,1925]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 36" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[326,1258,201,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[326,1259,194,1785]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 36. Geographical distribution of new species of Cuban Calisto. 33 — Map of Cuba showing areas where the new taxa were found. 34 — Middle rectangle in figure 33, localities where Calisto torrei sp. n. (black circles) and Calisto aquilum sp. n. (white stars) have been found in the Guamuhaya massif. 35 — Rigth rectangle in figure 33, localities where Calisto dissimulatum sp. n. has been found in the Sierra Maestra and Nipe – Sagua – Baracoa massifs. 36 — Left rectangle in figure 33, localities where Calistoaquilum occidentalis ssp. n. has been found in the middle portion of the Guaniguanico massif." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249428/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Figures 33, 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). A different subspecies inhabits the Guaniguanico mountain range, in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C7658FFD6931AFCAAF8080193F853" box="[890,953,1937,1961]" name="Cuba" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD6931DFF17F82C031AFF2E" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD6931AFF17F82C07B7F80B" blockId="11.[151,1437,1283,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD6931AFF17F82C030DF834" bold="true" box="[199,295,1973,1998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Collecting sites are at low to moderate elevations (
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD6931AFC74F82F0614F834" box="[932,1086,1974,1998]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.95" metricValueMax="11.4" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="514" unit="m" value="795.0" valueMax="1140.0" valueMin="450.0">450–1140 m</quantity>
|
||
). Habitats include broad leaf evergreen forest, rainforest, and the vegetation complex of the mogotes (limestome hills) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A4DFFD6931AFB32F84007BAF80B" box="[1250,1424,2009,2033]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 40" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1123,1147]" captionTargetBox="[207,1379,194,1101]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[207,1379,194,1102]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 40. Habitats of Calisto torrei sp. n. and Calisto aquilum sp. n. 37 — Vicinity of Pico San Juan, 1140 m, at Alturas de Trinidad, the top of the Guamahaya massif, central Cuba. 38 — Rainforest understory at Pico San Juan. 39 — Broad leaf evergreen forest near La Sabina, Alturas de Banao, Guamuhaya massif. 40 – Mogote's (limestome hills) vegetation complex at the slope of Pico Potrerillo (931 m), Alturas de Trinidad, Guamahaya massif." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249429/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="514">Figures 37–40</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD1931DFF47FF0E031AFF2E" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">
|
||
Individuals have been observed taking nectar on
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFD14FF010178FF4A" box="[708,850,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">Biden pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD1931DFC52FF0E062EFF55" box="[898,1028,151,175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Its host plant and immature stages are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716543FFD1931DFF17FF79001AFE35" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436C8FFD1931DFF17FF79001AFE35" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFF17FF79031EFF02" bold="true" box="[199,308,224,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Genetic differences and geographic isolation from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD1931DFC5EFF790654FF02" box="[910,1150,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFC5EFF790654FF02" box="[910,1150,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">Calisto dissimulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were commented at the Remarks section of the latter. From sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD1931DFD76FE9C012DFEE6" box="[678,775,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFD76FE9C012DFEE6" box="[678,775,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">C. torrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD1931DFCEFFE9C01F7FEE6" box="[831,989,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFCEFFE9C01F7FEE6" box="[831,989,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">C. muripetens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD1931DFC3DFE9C0641FEE6" box="[1005,1131,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFC3DFE9C0641FEE6" box="[1005,1131,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">C. aquilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by 8.5% and 6.5%, respectively.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D4BFFD1931DFEFBFEB103CAFEBA" box="[299,480,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEADAFFD1931DFEFBFEB103CAFEBA" box="[299,480,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">Calisto aquilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the few Cuban taxa present in more than one mountain range. Intraspecific variation of the COI gene suggests that its populations from western and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C7658FFD1931DFB9CFED506ADFE9E" box="[1100,1159,332,356]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="515">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
differ by 1.4% with an average within populations variation of 0.17 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD41FFD1931DFD7DFEF60115FE7D" box="[685,831,367,391]" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, 2 localities) and 0.11% (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD41FFD1931DFBBEFEF606D5FE7D" box="[1134,1279,367,391]" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 localities), respectively. That and a geographic separation of more than
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B2DFFD1931DFC95FE0D01B1FE56" box="[837,923,404,428]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="515" unit="km" value="300.0">300 km</quantity>
|
||
led us to propose the subspecies rank for the western population described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |