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<mods:title id="655BBFE0CA93331A2F46484169ABFD13">SEM study of species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Kirchenpaueriidae), with an annotated checklist of the species of the genus</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D4F48A862D6D78E8" bold="true" box="[151,383,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Oswaldella grandis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D4F48ACF2D4D78AD" box="[151,351,222,244]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Oswaldella grandis</emphasis>
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367, figs 7, 14C, D;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10C128287C35D04D8ACE2D21794A" author="Pena" page="179" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D04D8ACE2CEF794A" author="Pena" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (1998) Oswaldella vervoorti spec. nov. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), a new benthic hydroid from the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 232, 175 - 180." type="journal article" year="1998">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa, 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 179
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; 1999: 212
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D5D78AEF2DE0794A" box="[436,498,254,275]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">et seq</emphasis>
.;
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: 36
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; 2004: 833835, fig. 9; 2009: 86;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10C128287C35D0908AEF2D9A796B" author="Pena" page="85" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D0908AEF2D70796B" author="Pena" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Marques, A. C. (1999) Phylogenetic analysis of the Antarctic genus Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Hydrozoa, Leptomedusae, Kirchenpaueriidae). Contributions to Zoology, 68, 83 - 93." type="journal article" year="1999">Peña Cantero &amp; Marques, 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 85
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D5F08B0C2EAE796B" author="Pena" box="[403,700,284,306]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Ramil, F. (2006) Benthic hydroids associated with volcanic structures from Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) collected by the Spanish Antarctic expedition GEBRAP 96. Deep-Sea Research II, 53, 949 - 958. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2006.02.007" type="journal article" year="2006">Peña Cantero &amp; Ramil, 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 953
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, figs 2D, 3AC;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D7FA8B0C2876796B" author="Pena" box="[921,1124,284,306]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2008) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Spanish Antarctic expedition Bentart 95. Polar Biology, 31, 451 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 007 - 0371 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Peña Cantero, 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 457
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; 2013: 129130.
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D4F48B2B2D4A7909" box="[151,344,314,336]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Oswaldella bifurca</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10C128287C35D5128B2A2E7E7909" author="Pena" box="[369,620,314,336]" page="175" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" year="1991">
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: 175
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, pl. 32;
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: 125
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, fig. 8df; 1995: 101104, fig. 45AE.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7B11FE28287C35D4F48B692E3C79F5" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">
?
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D4CB8B692D7879D7" box="[168,362,376,398]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Oswaldella bifurca</emphasis>
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: 98
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10C128287C35D6818B692FDB79D7" author="Stepanjants" box="[738,969,376,398]" page="112" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D6818B692F8A79D7" author="Stepanjants" box="[738,920,376,398]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Stepanjants, S. D. (1979) Hydroids of the antarctic and subantarctic waters. In: Biological Results of the Soviet Antarctic Expeditions, 6. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 20 (30), pp. 1 - 200, pls. 1 - 25. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1979">Stepanjants, 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 112
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, pl. 21 fig. 4;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D0358B6928F279D7" author="Blanco" box="[1110,1248,376,398]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Blanco, O. M. (1984) Contribucion al conocimiento de hidrozoos antarticos y subantarticos. Contribuciones del Instituto antartico argentino, 294, 1 - 53, pls. 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1984">Blanco, 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 43
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, pl. 39 figs 89, 90, pl. 40 figs 9193, pl. 41 fig. 94.
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D4F48BC82CE979AB" bold="true" box="[151,251,473,498]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Ecology.</emphasis>
Eurybathic species, found at depths between 20 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D72F8BC828AC79A8" author="Pena" box="[844,1214,473,497]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2009) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bransfield Strait area (Antarctica) collected by Brazilian expeditions, with the description of a new species. Polar Biology, 32, 83 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 008 - 0506 - 0" type="journal article" year="2009">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2009</bibRefCitation>
) and
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D1078BC82D8B7A4F" author="Pena" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Ramil, F. (2006) Benthic hydroids associated with volcanic structures from Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) collected by the Spanish Antarctic expedition GEBRAP 96. Deep-Sea Research II, 53, 949 - 958. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2006.02.007" type="journal article" year="2006">Peña Cantero &amp; Ramil 2006</bibRefCitation>
), on muddy bottoms and on bottoms with small stones (Peña Cantero
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D0C78BEF28C67A4F" box="[1188,1236,509,534]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
. 1997). Basibiont of other hydroids (Peña Cantero
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D66B88332E287A63" box="[520,570,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
. 1997;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D6F388332F7E7A60" author="Pena" box="[656,876,545,569]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2008) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Spanish Antarctic expedition Bentart 95. Polar Biology, 31, 451 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 007 - 0371 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Peña Cantero 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D71D883028177A63" box="[894,1029,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Gonothecae</emphasis>
: January (Peña Cantero
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D17F8833295C7A63" box="[1308,1358,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
. 1997;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D4F488572DEB7A07" author="Pena" box="[151,505,582,606]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Kirchenpaueriidae) from US Antarctic expeditions, with the description of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 805 - 861. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 0022293021000045154" type="journal article" year="2004">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D66588572F597A07" author="Pena" box="[518,843,581,606]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Ramil, F. (2006) Benthic hydroids associated with volcanic structures from Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) collected by the Spanish Antarctic expedition GEBRAP 96. Deep-Sea Research II, 53, 949 - 958. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2006.02.007" type="journal article" year="2006">Peña Cantero &amp; Ramil 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D73B885728207A07" author="Pena" box="[856,1074,582,606]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2008) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Spanish Antarctic expedition Bentart 95. Polar Biology, 31, 451 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 007 - 0371 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Peña Cantero 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and February (Peña Cantero
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D1EB88572CBF7ADB" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
. 1997;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D562887B2DCB7ADB" author="Pena" box="[257,473,618,642]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2008) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Spanish Antarctic expedition Bentart 95. Polar Biology, 31, 451 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 007 - 0371 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Peña Cantero 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C371655B28287C35D4A4889C2DF77B6F" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD436D028287C35D4A4889C2DF77B6F" blockId="35.[151,1436,473,822]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D4A4889C2D727AFF" bold="true" box="[199,352,653,678]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Distribution.</emphasis>
West
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D67E889F2F6C7AFF" author="Pena" box="[541,894,654,678]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1998) On two new species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Bransfield Strait (Antarctica). Polar Biology, 20, 33 - 40. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 003000050273" type="journal article" year="1998">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 1998</bibRefCitation>
), known from the Weddell Sea (Peña Cantero
<emphasis id="B91FEAC228287C35D1EB889F2CBF7A93" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
. 1997), off Elephant
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(Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 1995), Bransfield Strait (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D0F988A32CC17AB7" author="Pena" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Ramil, F. (2006) Benthic hydroids associated with volcanic structures from Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) collected by the Spanish Antarctic expedition GEBRAP 96. Deep-Sea Research II, 53, 949 - 958. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2006.02.007" type="journal article" year="2006">Peña Cantero &amp; Ramil 2006</bibRefCitation>
), off Deception
<collectingCountry id="F37C764028287C35D5EE88C42DC37AB7" box="[397,465,725,750]" name="Iceland" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Island</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D58188C72F5B7AB7" author="Pena" box="[482,841,726,750]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Kirchenpaueriidae) from US Antarctic expeditions, with the description of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 805 - 861. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 0022293021000045154" type="journal article" year="2004">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
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), off Low
<collectingCountry id="F37C764028287C35D0CD88C428E07AB7" box="[1198,1266,725,750]" name="Iceland" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Island</collectingCountry>
(Peña Cantero 2013), and off King George
<collectingCountry id="F37C764028287C35D5B188E82E047B4B" box="[466,534,761,786]" name="Iceland" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Island</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D64788EB2F937B4B" author="Pena" box="[548,897,762,786]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2009) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bransfield Strait area (Antarctica) collected by Brazilian expeditions, with the description of a new species. Polar Biology, 32, 83 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 008 - 0506 - 0" type="journal article" year="2009">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2009</bibRefCitation>
) and off Livingston
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B2128287C35D0D588EB29827B4B" author="Pena" box="[1206,1424,762,786]" pageId="35" pageNumber="436" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2008) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Spanish Antarctic expedition Bentart 95. Polar Biology, 31, 451 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 007 - 0371 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">Peña Cantero 2008</bibRefCitation>
), in the South
<collectingCountry id="F37C764028287C35D546890C2DF37B6F" box="[293,481,797,822]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="35" pageNumber="436">Shetland Islands</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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