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<document id="E0E2E6E9883CAD0DE3279C2F1B78069F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5403.2.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561828" ID-ZooBank="FA5C8A0F-474A-4A10-A39D-0D4EB9DC66AD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1706104093081" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valencia, Luis &amp; Evans, Gregory A." docDate="2024" docId="300787A3FFB3832BFF60D39FFE82CE04" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5403.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5403 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aleuroplatus martini Valencia &amp; Evans 2024, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="231" masterDocId="CC3EFFDBFFAD8309FFF7D058FFF6CC65" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Tetralicia (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and description of two new species of whiteflies found on avocado trees in Peru" masterLastPageNumber="238" masterPageNumber="197" pageNumber="227" updateTime="1706185944442" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="1FA358B305661A2ABC3E9D770C227C35">Review of the genus Tetralicia (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and description of two new species of whiteflies found on avocado trees in Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6811A2E8F8FE47332CDCFB5DC3FA665E">Valencia, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="45FEE52C44B5BA1BC2873BB36A87EBEF">Evans, Gregory A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="21021884E503576BDBA794ED28A8DCD0">Ph. D. Entomologist. USDA, APHIS-PPQ, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, BARC - West, Bldg. 003, Rm 324, Beltsville, Maryland 20705.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="64006E9B8906A31FC8DEC4FC22C5CFE6">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="F0B4653EFFB38317FF60D39FFE39CF87" box="[151,463,967,994]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB38317FF60D39FFE39CF87" blockId="30.[151,463,967,1030]" box="[151,463,967,994]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">
<heading id="E35981D9FFB38317FF60D39FFE39CF87" bold="true" box="[151,463,967,994]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FF60D39FFE39CF87" bold="true" box="[151,463,967,994]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FF60D39FFE7CCF87" authority="Valencia &amp; Evans, 2024" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,394,967,994]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FF60D39FFE7CCF87" bold="true" box="[151,394,967,994]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Aleuroplatus martini</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="91E957DCFFB38317FE67D390FE39CF87" box="[400,463,968,994]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="F0B4653EFFB3832BFF60D3B4FE82CE04" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" type="description">
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB38317FF60D3B4FEE9C863" blockId="30.[151,463,967,1030]" box="[151,287,1004,1030]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FF68D3B4FEE1C863" box="[159,279,1004,1030]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStart-2="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionStartId-1="32.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionStartId-2="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox-0="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1388,181,1248]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId-0="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetId-1="figure-23@32.[189,1398,181,1264]" captionTargetId-2="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId-0="31" captionTargetPageId-1="32" captionTargetPageId-2="33" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. Puparia A) Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. habitus, B) A. gratiosus Bondar habitus dorsum, C) A. martini n. sp. vasiform orifice, D) A. gratiosus vasiform orifice at different depths of field." captionText-2="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561852" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10561852/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Figs. 9–11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB38317FF60D46DFD5EC90B" blockId="30.[151,1437,1076,2038]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">
Diagnosis⸺Among the New World species of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FD52D46CFCC3C82B" box="[677,821,1076,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FD52D46CFCC3C82B" box="[677,821,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Aleuroplatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that are dark brown and black in color, oval to broadly oval in shape and have a strong rachis on the abdomen, the new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FBB8D400FED7C8F3" authority="Quaintance &amp; Baker, 1917" authorityName="Quaintance &amp; Baker" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FBB8D400FB0EC817" box="[1103,1272,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. sculpturatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DC3F4B44FFB38317FAF7D400FED7C8F3" author="Quaintance, A. L. &amp; Baker, A. C." pageId="30" pageNumber="227" pagination="335 - 445" refId="ref33929" refString="Quaintance, A. L. &amp; Baker, A. C. (1917) A contribution to our knowledge of the whiteflies of the sub-family Aleurodicinae (Aleyrodidae). Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 51, 335 - 445. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.51 - 2156.335" type="journal article" year="1917">Quaintance &amp; Baker, 1917</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FEDCD424FD90C8F3" authority="(Ihering, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Ihering" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[299,614,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FEDCD424FE40C8F3" box="[299,438,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. cockerelli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DC3F4B44FFB38317FE32D424FDABC8F3" author="Ihering, H." box="[453,605,1148,1174]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" pagination="385 - 420" refId="ref32378" refString="Ihering, H. (1897) Os piolhois vegetaes (Phytophthires) do Brazil. Revista Museu Paulista, 2, 385 - 420." type="journal article" year="1897">Ihering, 1897</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FD6DD424FCD7C8F3" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[666,801,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FD6DD424FCD7C8F3" box="[666,801,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FB9CD424FAE5C8F3" authorityName="Quaintance &amp; Baker" authorityYear="1917" box="[1131,1299,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FB9CD424FAE5C8F3" box="[1131,1299,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. sculpturatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has a very short, transverse vasiform orifice and operculum and is dark brown with the central region much paler and from
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FF60D49CFED5C8BB" baseAuthorityName="Ihering" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[151,291,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FF60D49CFED5C8BB" box="[151,291,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. cockerelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has the lateral margin slightly differentiated at tracheal opening by a row of 5 shorter teeth, the submargin with a series of 2 rows of pores and the rachis is less pronounced.
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FBF3D4B0FB18C967" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[1028,1262,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FBF3D4B0FB18C967" box="[1028,1262,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Aleuroplatus martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FF43D554FECCC943" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[180,314,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FF43D554FECCC943" box="[180,314,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished from that species which has the operculum cordate and a row of alternating light and dark, rectangular shaped figures along the margin; whereas
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FC62D568FBF3C92F" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[917,1029,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FC62D568FBF3C92F" box="[917,1029,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a rectangular-shaped operculum and the lateral margin in concolorous (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FDBFD50CFD6DC90B" box="[584,667,1364,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[189,1388,181,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-23@32.[189,1398,181,1264]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Puparia A) Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. habitus, B) A. gratiosus Bondar habitus dorsum, C) A. martini n. sp. vasiform orifice, D) A. gratiosus vasiform orifice at different depths of field." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561852/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB38317FF30D521FCFCC99B" blockId="30.[151,1437,1076,2038]" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">
Puparium⸺In nature the puparia of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB38317FDACD520FD3DC9F7" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[603,715,1400,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FDACD520FD3DC9F7" box="[603,715,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are bright black, oval in shape, covered by a couple of wax rods. The wax rods excreted along the body of the puparia are of sulphur yellow in color. The surface of the wax rods shows a liquid on the top (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FE33D598FDD3C9BF" box="[452,549,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,893,917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,869]" captionTargetId="figure-85@5.[151,1436,309,869]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. A) Creole avocado trees in El Bosque club. Panoramic view of six trees (see arrows), showing differences in size, age and phenological status. While some are in the process of maturing fruits, others are beginning to flower and others are in the process of flowering and fruit set. B) generation of new Creole avocado trees in a ditch edge from seeds thrown by the club members, C) Tetralicia sawyeri n. sp. puparia on avocado leaves, D) detail of puparia on leaf, E) yellow coloration response of the avocado leaf around the body of nymphs and puparia of T. sawyeri n. sp., F) puparia of Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. on avocado leaves showing typical rods of yellow sulphureous wax on the underside of a leaf of creole avocado, G) detail of puparia with a drop of liquid above the waxy secretion, H) adults of Tetralicia sawyeri n. sp. on leaf." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561832/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Figs. 1E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FDC5D598FDAEC9BF" box="[562,600,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">9D</figureCitation>
). The nymphs of the early stages are transparent yellow and only the later immature stages are black with the rods of colored wax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB38316FF30D650FEA9CCB6" blockId="30.[151,1437,1076,2038]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1437,151,629]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">
Slide specimen⸺
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FE78D650FE3FCA47" box="[399,457,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Body</emphasis>
oval-shaped, about 1.4x as long as wide, lateral margin crenulate, teeth with rounded apices (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FF1AD674FEB1CA23" box="[237,327,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
), not differentiated at the spiracle opening; 1 pair of anterior marginal setae (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FB50D674FB08CA23" box="[1191,1278,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
) and 1 pair of posterior marginal setae present.
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FDF5D608FD5CCA0F" box="[514,682,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FD40D608FCFDCA0F" box="[695,779,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
) about 0.5x the body length, separated from the latter by the transverse molting suture which extends to the submarginal region of the body, curving upwards distally; submedial region of the third thoracic segment with a pair of longitudinal sutures; submargin with a row of geminated porettes (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FF68D6E4FEC6CAB3" box="[159,304,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Figs. 9E, 9F</figureCitation>
); a group of about 5 bright pores (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FD49D6E4FCF9CAB3" box="[702,783,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9J</figureCitation>
) present on the submarginal region. Submedial region of mesothorax and metathorax each with a pair of short setae, Ts2 and Ts3 setae equal in length (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FB68D6B8FB00CA9F" box="[1183,1270,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). Metathoracic segment deeply incised medially.
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB38317FDF9D75CFD8ECB7B" box="[526,632,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FD70D75CFD28CB7B" box="[647,734,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9H</figureCitation>
) as long as the cephalothorax, with a well-defined, pronounced medial region, somewhat caterpillar-like in shape, with first abdominal segment much narrower, bowl-shaped and lacking As1 setae; rhachis present but arms not well defined; abdominal segment 8 with a pair of short, stout setae (As8) (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FF1FD728FEB5CBEF" box="[232,323,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9Q</figureCitation>
); caudal setae (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FE03D728FDBBCBEF" box="[500,589,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
) very long and stout, about 6.2x as long as As8 and 2.2x the length of the vasiform orifice (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FEAFD7CCFE1ACBCB" box="[344,492,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Figs. 9K–9Q</figureCitation>
), the latter cordate in shape, 1.1x as long as wide, surrounded by a narrow sclerotized rim; operculum nearly rectangular, 0.6x as long as wide, filling 0.4x the orifice, dorsal surface granulose with two transverse lines of tubercles, each line 6 to 7 tubercles; lingula (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB38317FC86D784FC31CB93" box="[881,967,2012,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="227">Fig. 9L</figureCitation>
) transparent with some micro setae at its apex.
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FF2CD0CFFED5CCD5" box="[219,291,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Venter</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FEC4D0CFFE89CCD4" box="[307,383,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 9I</figureCitation>
) with high density of strongly chitinized microtubercles (mt), among them three white pores, adhesive sac (ad).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB28316FF30D084FD37CDA3" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">
Adult Male (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FEAFD084FDF3CC9D" box="[344,517,220,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Figs. 11A–11F</figureCitation>
)⸺Live, light brown in color due to the brown spots on the first pair of wings and the secretion of white wax. Freshly mounted in Hoyer, individuals show four pairs of reddish abdominal wax plates (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FF68D179FEFFCD5E" box="[159,265,289,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
). The wings of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB28316FE35D17AFDC0CD5E" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[450,566,290,316]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FE35D17AFDC0CD5E" box="[450,566,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB28316FC74D17AFBFBCD5E" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[899,1037,290,316]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FC74D17AFBFBCD5E" box="[899,1037,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the shape and coloration of the forewing (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FEFBD11CFE87CD3B" box="[268,369,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
); however, the apex of the forewing of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB28316FCDDD11CFC6ACD3B" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[810,924,324,350]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FCDDD11CFC6ACD3B" box="[810,924,324,350]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a larger infuscate area and there are three distinct infuscate areas along the anterior margin. The hind wing of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB28316FC68D13FFBE4CDE5" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[927,1042,359,385]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FC68D13FFBE4CDE5" box="[927,1042,359,385]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FBD4D13FFB71CDE4" box="[1059,1159,359,385]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
) is hyaline in the center with its base and apex lightly infuscate. Both males and females are similar in coloration, the body is predominantly pale with the head and wax plates slightly darker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB28316FF30D197FAA9CE10" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">
Adult female (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FE9CD197FDEECD8E" box="[363,536,463,491]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Figs. 11G–11N</figureCitation>
)⸺abdomen with only two pairs of abdominal wax plates of reddish color (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FA98D197FF49CE6E" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11I</figureCitation>
). The abdominal wax plates show little depressed dots lighter in color. The pattern of coloration of the wings is very similar to that of the male; metatibia with a comb of about 16 setae (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FC1AD24CFBA3CE4B" box="[1005,1109,532,558]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11N</figureCitation>
); genitalia normal (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FAC7D24CFA78CE4B" box="[1328,1422,532,558]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11J</figureCitation>
); cement gland (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FECAD26FFE69CE34" box="[317,415,567,593]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11L</figureCitation>
) with a bulb-like structure, apparently segmented in the form of a cluster of vesicles (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FA93D26FFEF3CE10" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Figs. 11K–11L</figureCitation>
). Antennae 7 segmented with a long sensorial cone that reaches the apex of segment III (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FFB28316FB10D203FAA5CE10" box="[1255,1363,603,629]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Fig. 11M</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ECD1663DFFB28316FF60D72CFDA1CB9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" startId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" targetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B81136B5FFB28316FF60D72CFDA1CB9D" blockId="31.[151,1436,1908,2041]" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FF60D72CFEE7CBE9" bold="true" box="[151,273,1908,1932]" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FFB28316FEE2D72CFE10CBE9" authority="Valencia &amp; Evans, 2024" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[277,486,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FEE2D72CFE10CBE9" box="[277,486,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">Aleuroplatus martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FFB28316FE1DD72DFDD7CBE8" bold="true" box="[490,545,1909,1933]" pageId="31" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91E957DCFFB28316FE1DD72DFDD7CBE8" box="[490,545,1909,1933]" pageId="31" pageNumber="228" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C) cephalus, anterior marginal setae (ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ECD1663DFF8D8329FF60D55FFC56C921" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561852" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561852/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" startId="32.[151,250,1287,1311]" targetBox="[189,1388,181,1248]" targetPageId="32" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8329FF60D55FFC56C921" blockId="32.[151,1436,1287,1348]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FF60D55FFED5C97A" bold="true" box="[151,291,1287,1311]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Puparia A)
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FE52D550FD8DC97A" authority="Valencia &amp; Evans, 2024" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[421,635,1288,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FE52D550FD8DC97A" box="[421,635,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Aleuroplatus martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FD74D550FD49C945" bold="true" box="[643,703,1288,1312]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91E957DCFF8D8329FD74D550FD49C945" box="[643,703,1288,1312]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
habitus, B)
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FCB4D550FBE3C945" authority="Bondar" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[835,1045,1288,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FCB4D550FC36C97A" box="[835,960,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
Bondar
</taxonomicName>
habitus dorsum, C)
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FB19D550FAAEC97A" authority="Valencia &amp; Evans, 2024" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[1262,1368,1288,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FB19D550FAAEC97A" box="[1262,1368,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FA97D550FA6AC945" bold="true" box="[1376,1436,1288,1312]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91E957DCFF8D8329FA97D550FA6AC945" box="[1376,1436,1288,1312]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
vasiform orifice, D)
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FE90D574FE14C926" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[359,482,1324,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FE90D574FE14C926" box="[359,482,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vasiform orifice at different depths of field.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8329FF60D52AFF07C9E9" blockId="32.[151,1436,1394,1636]" box="[151,241,1394,1420]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Biology</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8329FF30D5CEFABFCA01" blockId="32.[151,1436,1394,1636]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
This species was collected from creole avocado trees in the El Bosque Country Club on the outskirts of
<collectingRegion id="7A6AF857FF8D8329FAADD5CEFA6EC9D5" box="[1370,1432,1430,1456]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Lima</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C0B97625FF8D8329FF60D5E2FF3CC9B1" box="[151,202,1466,1492]" name="Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Peru</collectingCountry>
and has not been found so far on avocado trees within the urban perimeter of the city of
<collectingRegion id="7A6AF857FF8D8329FB03D5E2FAC5C9B1" box="[1268,1331,1466,1492]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Lima</collectingRegion>
. It is the first species of whitefly that we are aware of that is known to excrete sulphureous yellow wax, which gives it a distinct appearance (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8D8329FE74D65AFE16CA79" box="[387,480,1538,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
). It usually occurs on the underside of leaves in a dispersed
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FB55D65AFACFCA79" box="[1186,1337,1538,1564]" form="without" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" rank="form">form without</taxonomicName>
forming large colonies, interspersed with other species of whitefly such as
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FC57D67EFB7CCA25" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[928,1162,1574,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juleikae">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FC57D67EFB7CCA25" box="[928,1162,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Aleurodicus juleikae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FB6CD67EFA9FCA25" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[1179,1385,1574,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Tetralicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sawyeri">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FB6CD67EFA9FCA25" box="[1179,1385,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Tetralicia sawyeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FF60D612FE7BCA01" authorityName="Peracchi" authorityYear="1971" box="[151,397,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Paraleyrodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bondari">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FF60D612FE7BCA01" box="[151,397,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Paraleyrodes bondari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Their nymphal instars are pale in color and only the later immature stages are black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8329FF60D6CAFE9CCAC9" blockId="32.[151,1437,1682,1888]" box="[151,362,1682,1708]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Material examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8329FF30D6EEFCF9CB05" blockId="32.[151,1437,1682,1888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
<materialsCitation id="08C63CE8FF8D8329FF30D6EEFCE0CA91" collectingDate="2015-09-19" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="Club El Bosque &amp; Lima-Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="67158817FF8D8329FF30D6EEFED9CAB5" box="[199,303,1718,1744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
puparium,
<collectorName id="155B5363FF8D8329FE59D6EEFD96CAB5" box="[430,608,1718,1744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Club El Bosque</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="155B5363FF8D8329FD9DD6EEFD13CAB5" box="[618,741,1718,1744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Lima-Peru</collectorName>
,
<collectedFrom id="0BB27548FF8D8329FD19D6EEFC2ACAB5" box="[750,988,1718,1744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
on
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FCE7D6EFFC2ACAB5" box="[784,988,1719,1744]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FCE7D6EFFC2ACAB5" box="[784,988,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Persea americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, slide with 25 puparia (holotype marked as specimen inside the red circle),
<date id="CC101075FF8D8329FDDFD682FD52CA90" box="[552,676,1754,1781]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2015-09-19">
<collectingDate id="DC54E99DFF8D8329FDDFD682FD52CA90" box="[552,676,1754,1781]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2015-09-19">19/ix/2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, in
<collectionCode id="DEBFAE70FF8D8329FD26D682FCE0CA91" box="[721,790,1754,1780]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">NHM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="08C63CE8FF8D8329FCD5D682FCFDCB05" collectingDate="2015-07-02" collectingDateMax="2016-09-24" collectingDateMin="2015-07-02" collectionCode="USNM, UNALM" collectorName="Club El Bosque &amp; Lima-Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="67158817FF8D8329FCD5D682FC65CA91" box="[802,915,1754,1780]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: Numerous puparia on nine slides, same data as holotype except collection date
<date id="CC101075FF8D8329FDE8D6A6FD69CB7D" box="[543,671,1790,1816]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2016-09-24">
<collectingDate id="DC54E99DFF8D8329FDE8D6A6FD69CB7D" box="[543,671,1790,1816]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2016-09-24">24/09/2016</collectingDate>
</date>
(7 puparia);
<date id="CC101075FF8D8329FCC3D6A6FC50CB7C" box="[820,934,1790,1817]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2015-10-08">
<collectingDate id="DC54E99DFF8D8329FCC3D6A6FC50CB7C" box="[820,934,1790,1817]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2015-10-08">08/x/2015</collectingDate>
</date>
(1); and
<date id="CC101075FF8D8329FBF8D6A6FB79CB7C" box="[1039,1167,1790,1817]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2015-07-02">
<collectingDate id="DC54E99DFF8D8329FBF8D6A6FB79CB7C" box="[1039,1167,1790,1817]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" value="2015-07-02">02/vii/2015</collectingDate>
</date>
(1).
<specimenCount id="AEA8FD3CFF8D8329FB3FD6A6FAA9CB7D" box="[1224,1375,1790,1816]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">One paratype</specimenCount>
slide deposited in each the
<collectionCode id="DEBFAE70FF8D8329FE7CD77AFE2ACB59" box="[395,476,1826,1852]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="DEBFAE70FF8D8329FDE5D77AFD8ACB59" box="[530,636,1826,1852]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">UNALM</collectionCode>
, respectively, the rest of type material deposited in the collection of the first author. The paratypes are indicated with red circles
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8329FF60D7D6FEE6CBCD" blockId="32.[151,1437,1934,2032]" box="[151,272,1934,1960]" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Comments</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8D8328FF30D7EAFD7CCE04" blockId="32.[151,1437,1934,2032]" lastBlockId="33.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="230" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FF30D7EAFE58CBA9" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[199,430,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FF30D7EAFE58CBA9" box="[199,430,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Aleuroplatus martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FD82D7EAFD0CCBA9" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[629,762,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8D8329FD82D7EAFD0CCBA9" box="[629,762,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described on trees in the family
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8D8329FB94D7EAFB20CBA9" box="[1123,1238,1970,1996]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="32" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="C0B97625FF8D8329FB01D7EAFAC8CBA9" box="[1270,1342,1970,1996]" name="Brazil" pageId="32" pageNumber="229">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Puparia of both species are black, are broadly oval in shape, have a strong rachis on the abdomen, the vasiform orifice is much longer than wide with the operculum filling only about half of the orifice, and excrete colored wax on their dorsum. According to
<bibRefCitation id="DC3F4B44FF8C8328FE63D0E3FDCDCCB0" author="Bondar, G." box="[404,571,187,213]" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" refId="ref30283" refString="Bondar, G. (1923) Aleyrodideos do Brasil. Official State Publisher, Bahia, 182 pp." type="book" year="1923">Bondar (1923)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FDBFD0E3FD26CCB1" authorityName="Bondar" authorityYear="1923" box="[584,720,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurotrachelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FDBFD0E3FD26CCB1" box="[584,720,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
excretes 4 yellow pillars, which when observed with a lens are a soft, viscous, orange yellow color, while
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FD89D087FD06CC9D" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[638,752,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FD89D087FD06CC9D" box="[638,752,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
excretes sulfurous yellow wax. The puparia of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FAFAD087FF09CD79" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FAFAD087FF09CD79" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Aleuroplatus gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8C8328FEF8D15BFE44CD78" box="[271,434,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[189,1388,181,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-23@32.[189,1398,181,1264]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Puparia A) Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. habitus, B) A. gratiosus Bondar habitus dorsum, C) A. martini n. sp. vasiform orifice, D) A. gratiosus vasiform orifice at different depths of field." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561852/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Fig. 10B, 10D</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FE07D15BFD97CD79" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[496,609,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FE07D15BFD97CD79" box="[496,609,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8C8328FD86D15BFCE9CD78" box="[625,799,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[189,1388,181,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-23@32.[189,1398,181,1264]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Puparia A) Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. habitus, B) A. gratiosus Bondar habitus dorsum, C) A. martini n. sp. vasiform orifice, D) A. gratiosus vasiform orifice at different depths of field." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561852/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Figs. 10A, 10C</figureCitation>
), show similarities and differences, which appear clearly in mounted specimens. The shape of the body contour, in
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FCDED17FFC47CD25" box="[809,945,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FCDED17FFC47CD25" box="[809,945,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in the form of a boat, whereas that of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FA73D17FFF1FCD01" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FA73D17FFF1FCD01" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is oval. Both species secrete colored wax,
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FD28D113FC9ECD01" box="[735,872,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FD28D113FC9ECD01" box="[735,872,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
orange-yellow wax and
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FB70D113FB0DCD01" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[1159,1275,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FB70D113FB0DCD01" box="[1159,1275,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sulfur yellow wax. This character serves to separate at least these 2 species from others that live among them on their host plant. The submarginal area of the puparium of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FD82D1CBFD08CDC9" box="[629,766,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FD82D1CBFD08CDC9" box="[629,766,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows areas of lighter, rectangular shaped areas, regularly spaced throughout the body’s periphery, which are not present in
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FC88D1EFFC07CDB5" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[895,1009,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FC88D1EFFC07CDB5" box="[895,1009,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the two species differ in the sculpture of the dorsum of the operculum. In
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FD4FD183FCC6CD91" box="[696,816,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FD4FD183FCDACD91" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[696,812,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">A. martini</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
this surface has a pair of transversal well-defined lines, each line with 6 to 7 tubercles; whereas
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FD9FD1A7FD07CE7D" box="[616,753,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FD9FD1A7FD07CE7D" box="[616,753,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks these lines but shows fang-like structures of different sizes distributed in an irregular pattern. The operculum of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FCC4D27BFC50CE59" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[819,934,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FCC4D27BFC50CE59" box="[819,934,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8C8328FC40D27BFBEDCE58" box="[951,1051,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-251@33.[151,1436,633,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
) is trapezoidal whereas that of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FA73D27BFF09CE05" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FA73D27BFF09CE05" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is somewhat triangular (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8C8328FDE2D21FFD88CE04" box="[533,638,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[189,1388,181,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-23@32.[189,1398,181,1264]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Puparia A) Aleuroplatus martini n. sp. habitus, B) A. gratiosus Bondar habitus dorsum, C) A. martini n. sp. vasiform orifice, D) A. gratiosus vasiform orifice at different depths of field." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561852/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ECD1663DFF8C8328FF60D691FE23CB28" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561854/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" startId="33.[151,250,1737,1761]" targetBox="[151,1434,641,1711]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8C8328FF60D691FE23CB28" blockId="33.[151,1436,1737,1870]" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FF60D691FED6CA84" bold="true" box="[151,288,1737,1761]" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8C8328FEDFD691FE08CA84" authority="Valencia &amp; Evans, 2024" authorityName="Valencia &amp; Evans" authorityYear="2024" box="[296,510,1737,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FEDFD691FE08CA84" box="[296,510,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Aleuroplatus martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8C8328FDF2D692FDB7CA87" bold="true" box="[517,577,1738,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91E957DCFF8C8328FDF2D692FDB7CA87" box="[517,577,1738,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
adults. A–G) adult male. A) habitus, B) forewing, C) hindwing, D) abdomen, wax plates (wp) four pairs, E) genitalia, F) claspers and aedeagus; G–N) adult female. G) habitus, H) habitus showing position of cement gland, I) abdomen wax glands (2 pairs), J) ovipositor, K–L) vesicles near ovipositor, M) antenna with photo detail of sensorial cone (sc), N) tibia III.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8C832BFF30D724FAB6CDB4" blockId="33.[151,1436,1915,2014]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">
A more detailed study was made of the operculum based on observations of
<specimenCount id="AEA8FD3CFF8C8328FBC9D724FB10CBF3" box="[1086,1254,1916,1942]" count="270" pageId="33" pageNumber="230" type="generic">270 specimens</specimenCount>
mounted on 26 slides (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8C8328FF11D7F8FE8ACBDF" box="[230,380,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="230">Figs. 9M–9P</figureCitation>
). The operculum is a moveable part that opens and closes according to the individual’s need to excrete a sugary liquid (honeydew). The operculum of mounted specimens showed two different positions (opened and closed) which complicates their interpretation. When it is in the closed position, the dorsum shows two, well-defined transverse lines, each with 6 to 7 tubercles (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8F832BFD38D0E3FCD8CCB0" box="[719,814,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">Fig. 9M</figureCitation>
). When the operculum is in the open position (at close to 90º from the closed position), the tubercles on the dorsum can be seen in profile which shows that they are pyramidal and spine shaped (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8F832BFE9CD15BFDF6CD78" box="[363,512,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">Figs. 9B–9C</figureCitation>
). The venter of the operculum is not observable in the closed position but shows spine-shaped structures in the open position (
<figureCitation id="20952A30FF8F832BFD66D17FFD1DCD24" box="[657,747,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,664,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-262@31.[215,1373,653,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. Aleuroplatus martini n. sp.puparia.A) habitus, B) dorsum, C)cephalus, anterior marginal setae(ams), D) on avocado leaf, E–G) lateral margin, marginal pores (mp), H) abdomen, I) venter of cephalothorax, adhesive sac (ads), microtubercles (mt), J) cephalothorax, cluster of bright pores (bp), K–Q) vasiform orifice (vo)⸺K) sculpture of operculum, L) setae on lingula, M–P) different depths of field of vo, Q) As8 setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561850/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
). The results found leave open the possibility of investigating the function of these structures in the biology of this species. Observations of the
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8F832BFBD4D113FB5CCD01" box="[1059,1194,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8F832BFBD4D113FB5CCD01" box="[1059,1194,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
puparium were made only from
<specimenCount id="AEA8FD3CFF8F832BFEFAD137FE0CCDEC" box="[269,506,367,393]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="231" type="generic">one cotype specimen</specimenCount>
, deposited in the collection of the US National Museum (USNM). The contribution of this research on the variation of the morphology of the operculum when viewed from an open versus closed position addresses the need to study this structure in detail in individuals of
<taxonomicName id="7FAE4D36FF8F832BFC1ED1EFFB86CDB5" box="[1001,1136,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleuroplatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosus">
<emphasis id="8ADAEAA7FF8F832BFC1ED1EFFB86CDB5" box="[1001,1136,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">A. gratiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8F832BFF60D1A7FEE5CE7C" blockId="34.[151,1436,511,609]" box="[151,275,511,537]" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">Etymology</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B81136B5FF8F832BFF30D27BFE82CE04" blockId="34.[151,1436,511,609]" pageId="34" pageNumber="231">This species is dedicated to Dr. Jon Martin, who introduced the senior author to the study of the fascinating world of whiteflies.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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