240 lines
34 KiB
XML
240 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="F62338BAD0F4A69ECE0BB97603EB4C56" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3635.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22b94455-ee1c-4a4f-9603-ae80263f1a87" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="216100" ID-ZooBank="ED97E34D-6EE6-4BD5-AEC8-481344965F99" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460586143108" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peumwarunyoo, Pronthip & Prommi, Taeng-On" docDate="2013" docId="DC4687DE6A143C54FF04A0553039F801" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03635p260.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3635 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amphipsyche meridiana Ulmer 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="259" masterDocId="207FFFA66A113C5CFF93A2123225FFEA" masterDocTitle="Larvae of Amphipsyche species (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="251" pageNumber="256" updateTime="1698325226777" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3B7F5B3E76ED93DBED6EDCDC2C0972F8">
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<mods:title id="23831D8161072595238C5600247BB65F">Larvae of Amphipsyche species (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BEE732129390E79A343F22AA4476219">Peumwarunyoo, Pronthip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8B1F2C53E1520126DB9B01CB153994FA">Prommi, Taeng-On</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="59901105319A09600A84BD8B5044D823">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5A354278F0369F48118FA545F4E1AC3D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E52A091417EBD3E64667046476A7460C">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5A0D7745C0F077F7463BF88283B9FD71">3635</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F385EBB6BE7634081287C586D3F38367" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3635.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DC4687DE6A143C54FF04A0553039F801" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6153070" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119564529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6153070" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC4687DE6A143C54FF04A0553039F801" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC4687DE6A143C54FF04A0553039F801" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<subSubSection id="1CF565436A143C59FF04A055370DFBBC" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="545036C86A143C59FF04A0553073FD8B" blockId="5.[151,598,583,609]" box="[151,598,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<heading id="0F1881A46A143C59FF04A0553073FD8B" bold="true" box="[151,598,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FF04A0553073FD8B" ID-CoL="66FJM" authority="Ulmer 1909" authorityName="Ulmer" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,598,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridiana">
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<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF04A0553073FD8B" bold="true" box="[151,598,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF04A0553398FD8B" bold="true" box="[151,445,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Amphipsyche meridiana</emphasis>
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Ulmer 1909
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="545036C86A143C59FF04A09D370DFBBC" blockId="5.[151,1437,654,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF04A09D32C5FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,224,655,679]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Head:</emphasis>
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Dorsum of head yellow to dark-brown. Frontoclypeal apotome and dorsal surface of head flattened. Surface of head dark brown dorsally, with 2 distinct P-shaped yellow marks surrounding eyes and extending mesad toward middle of frontoclypeal apotome but separated on meson. Muscle scars posterodorsally. Head with few long bristles close to eyes. Head with numerous tapered setae on dorsal regions (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FB85A0E83652FCF8" box="[1046,1143,762,786]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 20</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FB1BA0E8368DFCF8" box="[1160,1192,762,786]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1622,1645]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[185,1422,171,1635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 35. SEM images of Amphipsyche meridiana: 30, head, dorsal view; 31, abdominal gills, right ventrolateral view; 32, row of abdominal hooks on segment I, dorsal view; 33, abdominal hooks, dorsal view; 34, setae on pronotum, dorsal view; 35, anal prolegs, ventrocaudal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216106/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">30</figureCitation>
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). Frontoclypeus with anterior margin concave and entire; triangular posterior end touching carina. Anteclypeus with 4 large brown sclerites basally; distal part of anteclypeus membranous. Lateral and ventral surfaces of head yellowish (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FAF0A15032C4FC94" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 19–20</figureCitation>
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). Genae ventrally with stridulatory lines mostly in anterior half close to mid-ventral suture (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FB4EA1743715FC94" box="[1245,1328,870,894]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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). Labrum oval shape in dorsal view with large membranous basal region and large brushes on apicolateral lobes; anterior margin with dense fringe of hairs (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FDB1A1BC305DFC2C" box="[546,632,942,966]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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). Anterior ventral apotome subtriangular with lateral lobe rounded and posterior tip pointed; posterior ventral apotome small and spearhead-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FBDFA1C0368DFC00" box="[1100,1192,978,1002]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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). Submentum large, triangular, with bristles on its apical margin (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FD38A1E43126FBE4" box="[683,771,1014,1038]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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). Dorsal and ventral ridges of both mandibles each with bristles on outer margins. Ventral blade of left mandible with blunt, basal tooth and 3 apical teeth; ventral blade of right mandible with 2, blunt, basal teeth and 3 apical teeth and dorsal blade with 1 apical tooth (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FB54A62C373EFBBC" box="[1223,1307,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[278,1309,193,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1CF565436A143C59FF5AA6713697F9A4" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="description">
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<paragraph id="545036C86A143C59FF5AA6713602FA9C" blockId="5.[151,1437,654,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF5AA671330EFB91" bold="true" box="[201,299,1123,1147]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Thorax:</emphasis>
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Thoracic nota light brown with numerous tapered primary setae (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FB88A6703654FB90" box="[1051,1137,1122,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1622,1645]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[185,1422,171,1635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 35. SEM images of Amphipsyche meridiana: 30, head, dorsal view; 31, abdominal gills, right ventrolateral view; 32, row of abdominal hooks on segment I, dorsal view; 33, abdominal hooks, dorsal view; 34, setae on pronotum, dorsal view; 35, anal prolegs, ventrocaudal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216106/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum divided into 2 sclerites by median ecdysal line, with pair of short setae on either side of mid-line (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FBD8A6943684FB74" box="[1099,1185,1158,1182]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[278,1309,193,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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). Meso- and metanota each with median black mark on posterior margin: mesonotal mark large and crescentic; metanotal mark small and irregular in shape (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FEE4A6DC3020FB0C" box="[375,517,1230,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[278,1309,193,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
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). Meso- and metanotal sclerites each with 3 pairs of long setae (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FA91A6DC37B5FB0C" box="[1282,1424,1230,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[278,1309,193,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
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). Mesosternum with pair of tracheal gills; metasternum with 2 pairs. Transverse prosternite with transverse brown stripe, posterior margin with large, triangular median sulcus, sclerotized, with small and transparent plate on midposterior margin (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FEF3A7283390FAB8" box="[352,437,1338,1362]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[278,1309,193,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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). All legs stout, equipped with spines, bristles and soft, tapered setae. Forelegs each with single, pointed trochantin and single coxal scraper on inner margin (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FC02A74C363EFA9C" box="[913,1051,1374,1398]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[278,1309,193,1887]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 27–29</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="545036C86A143C59FF5AA7903697F9A4" blockId="5.[151,1437,654,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF5AA7903362FA71" bold="true" box="[201,327,1410,1435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Abdomen:</emphasis>
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Abdominal segments with numerous tapered setae. Abdominal segments I and II each with row of hooks on tergum (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FEE2A7B43024FA54" box="[369,513,1446,1470]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1622,1645]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[185,1422,171,1635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 35. SEM images of Amphipsyche meridiana: 30, head, dorsal view; 31, abdominal gills, right ventrolateral view; 32, row of abdominal hooks on segment I, dorsal view; 33, abdominal hooks, dorsal view; 34, setae on pronotum, dorsal view; 35, anal prolegs, ventrocaudal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216106/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 32–33</figureCitation>
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). First segment with 3 pairs of gills on sternum; gill bases placed adjacently. Segments II–VI each with 6 pairs of gills. Segment VII with 5 pairs of gills. Segment VIII with 2 pairs of gills (
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FF0CA7FC32D9F9EC" box="[159,252,1518,1542]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1354,193,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 22. Larva of Amphipsyche meridiana: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CCD42A4D6A143C59FE9BA7FC3302F9EC" box="[264,295,1518,1542]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1622,1645]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,189,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[185,1422,171,1635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 35. SEM images of Amphipsyche meridiana: 30, head, dorsal view; 31, abdominal gills, right ventrolateral view; 32, row of abdominal hooks on segment I, dorsal view; 33, abdominal hooks, dorsal view; 34, setae on pronotum, dorsal view; 35, anal prolegs, ventrocaudal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216106/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">31</figureCitation>
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). Sternum IX with pair of large ventral sclerites equipped with long bristles on posterior margins; with row of bristles on each ventrolateral surface (Fig. 36). Anal prolegs long and well-developed, each bearing cluster of long bristles and right-angled anal claw; dorsal surface of each proleg sclerotized (Fig. 36).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1CF565436A143C59FF5AA448367EF934" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="545036C86A143C59FF5AA448367EF934" blockId="5.[151,1437,654,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
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<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF5AA4483360F999" bold="true" box="[201,325,1626,1651]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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This species may be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FCA6A4493611F999" box="[821,1076,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FCA6A4493611F999" box="[821,1076,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Amphipsyche gratiosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of the following combination of characteristics. Firstly, the frontoclypeal apotome has 2, separated, P-shaped, yellow marks. Secondly, abdominal gills each have a central stalk with numerous lateral filaments. Lastly, the average head length and width of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FEB8A4D4301FF934" box="[299,570,1734,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FEB8A4D4301FF934" box="[299,570,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Amphipsyche meridiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are longer than those for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FCC9A4D43671F935" box="[858,1108,1734,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FCC9A4D43671F935" box="[858,1108,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Amphipsyche gratiosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1CF565436A143C59FF5AA4F83053F884" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="545036C86A143C59FF5AA4F83053F884" blockId="5.[151,1437,654,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF5AA4F83393F8E9" bold="true" box="[201,438,1770,1795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CF876586A143C59FE2EA4F93077F8E9" box="[445,594,1771,1795]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Lopburi Prov.: Pasak Jolasit Dam outlet,
|
||
<date id="205110086A143C59FBA3A4F8368CF8E8" box="[1072,1193,1770,1794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" value="2008-07-02">2-vii-2008</date>
|
||
, Prommi,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FA8CA4F837BDF8E8" box="[1311,1432,1770,1794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="larva">453 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FF04A51C32D5F8CC" box="[151,240,1806,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">56 male</specimenCount>
|
||
pupae, 1033 male adults; same locality,
|
||
<date id="205110086A143C59FD2BA51C311CF8CC" box="[696,825,1806,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" value="2008-08-02">2-viii-2008</date>
|
||
, Prommi,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FC3EA51C3600F8CC" box="[941,1061,1806,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="larva">426 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FBA2A51C36AEF8CC" box="[1073,1163,1806,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">29 male</specimenCount>
|
||
pupae,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FB70A51C376CF8CC" box="[1251,1353,1806,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">859 male</specimenCount>
|
||
adults; same locality,
|
||
<date id="205110086A143C59FEA9A5203389F8A0" box="[314,428,1842,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" value="2008-09-02">2-ix-2008</date>
|
||
, Prommi,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FDB1A52030BEF8A0" box="[546,667,1842,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="larva">298 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FD3BA5203127F8A0" box="[680,770,1842,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">13 male</specimenCount>
|
||
pupae,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FCCEA52031E3F8A0" box="[861,966,1842,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">563 male</specimenCount>
|
||
adults; same locality,
|
||
<date id="205110086A143C59FB56A520370BF8A0" box="[1221,1326,1842,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" value="2008-10-02">2-x-2008</date>
|
||
, Prommi,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FF04A544332AF884" box="[151,271,1878,1902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="larva">102 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FE89A5443340F884" box="[282,357,1878,1902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">9 male</specimenCount>
|
||
pupae,
|
||
<specimenCount id="42E9FD416A143C59FE2EA5443001F884" box="[445,548,1878,1902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="male">605 male</specimenCount>
|
||
adults.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1CF565436A143C54FF5AA5683039F801" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="545036C86A143C54FF5AA5683185F895" blockId="5.[151,1437,654,2010]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,1751,2027]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FF5AA5683375F879" bold="true" box="[201,336,1914,1939]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FEC8A56933D4F879" box="[347,497,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FEC8A56933D4F879" box="[347,497,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Amphipsyche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FD40A56E3157F879" box="[723,882,1916,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Macrostemum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FD40A56E3157F879" box="[723,882,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Macrostemum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having an anteclypeus with 4 basal sclerites rather than 2, and a frontoclypeus which does not extend beyond the carina.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A143C59FB94A58C36B9F85C" box="[1031,1180,1950,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A143C59FB94A58C36B9F85C" box="[1031,1180,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Amphipsyche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CF876586A143C59FABFA58C37B9F85C" box="[1324,1436,1950,1974]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CF876586A143C59FF5DA5D0332DF830" box="[206,264,1986,2010]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
eastward to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CF876586A143C59FE35A5D033CFF830" box="[422,490,1986,2010]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and through Java, Sumatra, Borneo and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CF876586A143C59FB96A5D036ADF830" box="[1029,1160,1986,2010]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Barnard (1984) revised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A193C54FF04A4C53309F905" box="[151,300,1751,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FF04A4C53309F905" box="[151,300,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">Amphipsyche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults and Ulmer (1957) gave detailed descriptions of the larvae from Java and Sumatra. In this study,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A193C54FF71A4E93345F8F9" box="[226,352,1787,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gratiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FF71A4E93345F8F9" box="[226,352,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">A. gratiosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae were generally found on stony substrates in the middle reach of fast-flowing rivers and streams, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A193C54FECCA50D33D6F8DD" box="[351,499,1823,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FECCA50D33D6F8DD" box="[351,499,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">A. meridiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae were often associated with dams and impoundments where they reach high densities (Boon 1979). Seshadri (1955) recorded the nuisance caused during the monsoon by swarms of adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A193C54FF04A5753309F895" box="[151,300,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FF04A5753309F895" box="[151,300,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">Amphipsyche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
emerging from channels downstream of a dam in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CF876586A193C54FCCCA57531B9F895" box="[863,924,1895,1919]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="009066406A173C5AFF04A5A23389F80F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216104/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="257" targetBox="[247,1298,219,1908]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="545036C86A173C5AFF04A5A23389F80F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1968,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="257">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A173C5AFF04A5A23376F82F" bold="true" box="[151,339,1968,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="257">FIGURES 19–22.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A173C5AFE27A5A2308CF82C" box="[436,681,1968,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A173C5AFE27A5A2308CF82C" box="[436,681,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="257">Amphipsyche meridiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 19, larva, right lateral view; 20, head, dorsal view; 21, head, ventral view; 22, mandibles, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="009066406A163C5BFF04A561335AF80C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216105/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="258" targetBox="[308,1282,204,1855]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="545036C86A163C5BFF04A561335AF80C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1907,2022]" pageId="7" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A163C5BFF04A5613371F863" bold="true" box="[151,340,1907,1930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="258">FIGURES 23–29.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A163C5BFE24A5663089F860" box="[439,684,1908,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A163C5BFE24A5663089F860" box="[439,684,1908,1930]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="258">Amphipsyche meridiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 23, pronotum, dorsal view; 24, mesonotum, dorsal view; 25, metanotum, dorsal view; 26, prosternum (arrow point); 27, right foreleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face with coxal scraper (arrow point); 28, right midleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face; 39, right hindleg, a right lateral view of the lateral (posterior) face.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="009066406A193C54FF04A4443066F940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216106/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" targetBox="[186,1393,189,1621]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="545036C86A193C54FF04A4443066F940" blockId="8.[151,1436,1622,1706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FF04A4443372F986" bold="true" box="[151,343,1622,1645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">FIGURES 30–35.</emphasis>
|
||
SEM images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A193C54FD9DA4453123F987" box="[526,774,1623,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FD9DA4453123F987" box="[526,774,1623,1645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">Amphipsyche meridiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 30, head, dorsal view; 31, abdominal gills, right ventrolateral view; 32, row of abdominal hooks on segment I, dorsal view; 33, abdominal hooks, dorsal view; 34, setae on pronotum, dorsal view; 35, anal prolegs, ventrocaudal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="545036C86A193C54FF5AA5993039F801" blockId="8.[151,1436,1751,2027]" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93EF4D4B6A193C54FF5AA599337BF849" box="[201,350,1931,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" genus="Amphipsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669BEADA6A193C54FF5AA599337BF849" box="[201,350,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="259">Amphipsyche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nets consist of coarse silk strands that can withstand high current speeds. In addition, the nets do not collapse when flow velocities decline. At high densities, larvae exhibit unusual cooperative behavior and build large communal nets (Boon 1979).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |