391 lines
52 KiB
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391 lines
52 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CD798AE33E82A82965FFCE7B9DB5D841">There and back again: More on the taxonomy of the crab spiders genus Epicadus (Thomisidae: Stephanopinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="501E3CE9C7DE2B6C0D84407FC989846E">Machado, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="798125E970F227014B85215755DB440D">Teixeira, Renato Augusto</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2390FA5A57D1BA9B" ID-CoL="4CWX" ID-ENA="635249" authority="Simon, 1895" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,424,1442,1469]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390FA5A57D1BA9B" bold="true" box="[151,424,1442,1469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390FA5A577EBA9A" bold="true" box="[151,263,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Epicadus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2390FA1257B4BAD9" authority="Walckenaer, 1833: 438" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityPageNumber="438" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,461,1513,1535]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Eripus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390FA1256A2BAD9" box="[151,219,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Eripus</emphasis>
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: 438
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, 441 (
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species
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2190FA115204BAD9" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1829" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1829" box="[663,1149,1513,1535]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Thomisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterogaster">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2190FA115507BAD9" box="[663,894,1513,1535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Thomisus heterogaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D2082FA115204BAD9" box="[901,1149,1513,1535]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref18808" refString="Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (1829) Iconographie du regne animal de Cuvier, ou representation d'apres nature de l'une des especes les plus remarquables et souvent non encore figurees de chaque genre d'animaux. J. B. Bailliere Sante Company, Paris, 464 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10331" type="book">Guérin-Méneville, 1829</bibRefCitation>
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, by monotypy);
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: 541
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.
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390F9DE568CB91A" box="[151,245,1574,1596]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Epicadus</emphasis>
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: 1052
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(replacement name for
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D21E1F9D05553B91B" box="[742,810,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Eripus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D203FF9DE5581B91A" box="[824,1016,1574,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19681" refString="Walckenaer, C. A. (1833) Memoire sur une nouvelle classification des araneides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 2, 414 - 446." type="journal article">Walckenaer, 1833</bibRefCitation>
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; preoccupied by
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D27BCF9D053E5B91A" authority="Dejean, 1829" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1829" box="[1211,1436,1574,1597]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Eripus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D27BCF9D05286B91B" box="[1211,1279,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Eripus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D260AF9DE53E5B91A" box="[1293,1436,1574,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref18766" refString="Dejean, P. (1829) Species general des Coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, 503 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8863" type="book">Dejean, 1829</bibRefCitation>
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[
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D23CAF9BD573FB97D" ID-CoL="C2L" authorityName="" authorityYear="1758" box="[205,326,1605,1627]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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]);
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D2264F9BD54DAB97D" box="[355,675,1605,1627]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19266" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1900) Arachnida-Araneida and Opiliones. In: Godman, F. D. C. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology. Vol. 2. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 89 - 192." type="book">F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1900</bibRefCitation>
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: 160
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="591510B6673CA43D21EAF9BD5598B97D" author="" box="[749,993,1605,1627]" page="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D21EAF9BD55CCB97D" box="[749,949,1605,1627]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19139" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1929) Aphantochilidas e Thomisidas do Brasil. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 360 pp." type="book">Mello-Leitão 1929</bibRefCitation>
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: 93
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;
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: 283
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D23C0F99C57E3B95C" box="[199,410,1636,1658]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19045" refString="Machado, M, Teixeira, R. A. & Lise, A. A. (2017) Cladistic analysis supports the monophyly of the Neotropical crab spider genus Epicadus and its senior synonymy over Tobias (Araneae: Thomisidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 31, 442 - 455. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 16074" type="journal article">
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Machado
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D222CF99D5726B95C" box="[299,351,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">et al.</emphasis>
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2017
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: 448
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2390F97A57D0B9BE" authority="Simon, 1895: 1053" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="1053" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,425,1666,1688]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Tobias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390F97A56A3B9BE" box="[151,218,1666,1688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Tobias</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D23E5F97A5713B9BE" box="[226,362,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19502" refString="Simon, E. (1895) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 1084 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 47654" type="book">Simon, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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: 1053
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(
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<typeStatus id="070F8805673CA43D22BEF97A5794B9BE" box="[441,493,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2140F97A5224B9BE" authority="O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1869" box="[583,1117,1666,1688]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Stephanopis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camelina">
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<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2140F97A5551B9BE" box="[583,808,1666,1688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Stephanopis camelina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D2036F97A5224B9BE" box="[817,1117,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19322" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1869) Descriptions and sketches of some neW species of Araneida With characters of a neW genus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 3, 52 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936908695878" type="journal article">O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation);
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D2676F97A57B3B991" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19266" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1900) Arachnida-Araneida and Opiliones. In: Godman, F. D. C. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology. Vol. 2. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 89 - 192." type="book">F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 161
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="591510B6673CA43D2100F9595496B991" author="" box="[519,751,1697,1719]" page="80" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D2100F95954B1B991" box="[519,712,1697,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19139" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1929) Aphantochilidas e Thomisidas do Brasil. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 360 pp." type="book">Mello-Leitão 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 80
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="591510B6673CA43D21FEF9595279B991" author="" box="[761,1024,1697,1719]" page="566" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D21FEF95955B4B991" box="[761,973,1697,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref18982" refString="Machado, M., Teixeira, R. A. & Lise, A. A. (2015) Taxonomic notes on the crab spider genus Tobias Simon, 1895 (Araneae, Thomisidae, Stephanopinae). Zootaxa, 4034 (3), 565 - 576. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4034.3.8" type="journal article">
|
|
Machado
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2059F95A55F3B991" box="[862,906,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2015
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 566
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="90AE652C673CA43D2390F9265559B9D2" box="[151,800,1758,1780]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="D80B36A7673CA43D2390F9265559B9D2" blockId="1.[151,800,1758,1780]" box="[151,800,1758,1780]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390F926575BB9D2" bold="true" box="[151,290,1758,1780]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Type species.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D222EF9265565B9D2" authority="(Guerin-Meneville, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[297,796,1758,1780]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterogaster">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D222EF9265474B9D2" box="[297,525,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Epicadus heterogaster</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D211DF926556DB9D2" box="[538,788,1758,1780]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref18808" refString="Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (1829) Iconographie du regne animal de Cuvier, ou representation d'apres nature de l'une des especes les plus remarquables et souvent non encore figurees de chaque genre d'animaux. J. B. Bailliere Sante Company, Paris, 464 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10331" type="book">Guérin-Méneville, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="90AE652C673CA43F2390F8D954D9BFDE" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="504" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="D80B36A7673CA43F2390F8D954D9BFDE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1825,2030]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,968]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="504" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390F8D95768B81C" bold="true" box="[151,273,1825,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|
As recently proposed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673CA43D2155F8D9551BB81C" box="[594,866,1825,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refId="ref19045" refString="Machado, M, Teixeira, R. A. & Lise, A. A. (2017) Cladistic analysis supports the monophyly of the Neotropical crab spider genus Epicadus and its senior synonymy over Tobias (Araneae: Thomisidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 31, 442 - 455. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 16074" type="journal article">
|
|
Machado
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D21CFF8DA557EB81C" box="[712,775,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2017)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D20F3F8D95225B81C" authorityName="Simon, 1895:" authorityYear="1052" box="[1012,1116,1825,1850]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D20F3F8D95225B81C" box="[1012,1116,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Epicadus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D27EFF8D9531FB81C" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1895" box="[1256,1382,1825,1850]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D27EFF8D9531FB81C" box="[1256,1382,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Epicadinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2390F8BD577AB878" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,259,1861,1886]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Onocolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2390F8BD577AB878" box="[151,259,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Onocolus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the general shape of the male palp, presenting a flat and discoid tegular structure without any apophysis, filiform embolous encircling the tegulum and in the canoe-shaped RTA that is fused to a pointed and usually curved DTA (
|
|
<figureCitation id="408F2A22673CA43D228BF875579BB880" box="[396,482,1933,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1778,1800]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epicadus heterogaster (Guérin-Méneville, 1829). A dorsal gutter of left tibia I (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B) (AMNH 41); B detail of the sensorial pit on tibia I (AMNH); C ventral vieW of the epigynal plate With arroWs indicating the median septum (MSept) and copulatory openings (CO) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B); D dorsal vieW of female genitalia With detail of the primary (S1) and secondary spermathecae (S2) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15A) (AMNH 41); E retrolateral vieW of the male left palp With arroWs indicating the RTAand DTA(adaptedfrom Silva-Moreira &Machado 2016:fig.15C)(MCTP1772); Scale bars:1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.2mm (D), 0.5mm (C, E);F female front WitharroW indicating the medialspire (MS) on thethoracic area (Photo credit:Almir Cândido de Almeida)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183132/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
|
). However,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2169F87554AFB880" authorityName="Simon, 1895:" authorityYear="1052" box="[622,726,1933,1958]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673CA43D2169F87554AFB880" box="[622,726,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Epicadus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species can easily be recognized and distinguished from other
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673CA43D2390F8495745B8EC" authorityName="Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,316,1969,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Stephanopinae">Stephanopinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
genera by 1) their globose opisthosoma with pronounced conical opisthosomal projections, 2) the dome-shaped prosoma with elevated thoracic area, 3) presence of a proximal sensorial pit (group of trichobrothria surrounded by duster-shaped setae) located on a dorsal depression of each tibia (
|
|
<figureCitation id="408F2A22673EA43F2711FF6F52EDBF96" box="[1046,1172,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1778,1800]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epicadus heterogaster (Guérin-Méneville, 1829). A dorsal gutter of left tibia I (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B) (AMNH 41); B detail of the sensorial pit on tibia I (AMNH); C ventral vieW of the epigynal plate With arroWs indicating the median septum (MSept) and copulatory openings (CO) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B); D dorsal vieW of female genitalia With detail of the primary (S1) and secondary spermathecae (S2) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15A) (AMNH 41); E retrolateral vieW of the male left palp With arroWs indicating the RTAand DTA(adaptedfrom Silva-Moreira &Machado 2016:fig.15C)(MCTP1772); Scale bars:1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.2mm (D), 0.5mm (C, E);F female front WitharroW indicating the medialspire (MS) on thethoracic area (Photo credit:Almir Cândido de Almeida)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
), 4) epigynal plate with posterior folds elevated and joining in the middle to form a median septum (
|
|
<figureCitation id="408F2A22673EA43F20E1FF445243BFF2" box="[998,1082,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1778,1800]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epicadus heterogaster (Guérin-Méneville, 1829). A dorsal gutter of left tibia I (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B) (AMNH 41); B detail of the sensorial pit on tibia I (AMNH); C ventral vieW of the epigynal plate With arroWs indicating the median septum (MSept) and copulatory openings (CO) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B); D dorsal vieW of female genitalia With detail of the primary (S1) and secondary spermathecae (S2) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15A) (AMNH 41); E retrolateral vieW of the male left palp With arroWs indicating the RTAand DTA(adaptedfrom Silva-Moreira &Machado 2016:fig.15C)(MCTP1772); Scale bars:1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.2mm (D), 0.5mm (C, E);F female front WitharroW indicating the medialspire (MS) on thethoracic area (Photo credit:Almir Cândido de Almeida)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
|
) and 5) by the copulatory ducts presenting a S-shaped configuration (
|
|
<figureCitation id="408F2A22673EA43F213DFF2754EABFDE" box="[570,659,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1778,1800]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epicadus heterogaster (Guérin-Méneville, 1829). A dorsal gutter of left tibia I (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B) (AMNH 41); B detail of the sensorial pit on tibia I (AMNH); C ventral vieW of the epigynal plate With arroWs indicating the median septum (MSept) and copulatory openings (CO) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B); D dorsal vieW of female genitalia With detail of the primary (S1) and secondary spermathecae (S2) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15A) (AMNH 41); E retrolateral vieW of the male left palp With arroWs indicating the RTAand DTA(adaptedfrom Silva-Moreira &Machado 2016:fig.15C)(MCTP1772); Scale bars:1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.2mm (D), 0.5mm (C, E);F female front WitharroW indicating the medialspire (MS) on thethoracic area (Photo credit:Almir Cândido de Almeida)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<caption id="8CCB662F673FA43E2390F90A5701B8D4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183132/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" startId="2.[151,250,1778,1800]" targetBox="[236,1352,185,1763]" targetPageId="2">
|
|
<paragraph id="D80B36A7673FA43E2390F90A5701B8D4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1778,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673FA43E2390F90A576CB82E" bold="true" box="[151,277,1778,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673FA43E221AF90A5561B82E" authority="(Guerin-Meneville, 1829)" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1829" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[285,792,1778,1800]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterogaster">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673FA43E221AF90A547AB82E" box="[285,515,1778,1800]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Epicadus heterogaster</emphasis>
|
|
(Guérin-Méneville, 1829)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. A dorsal gutter of left tibia I (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B) (AMNH 41); B detail of the sensorial pit on tibia I (AMNH); C ventral vieW of the epigynal plate With arroWs indicating the median septum (MSept) and copulatory openings (CO) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B); D dorsal vieW of female genitalia With detail of the primary (S1) and secondary spermathecae (S2) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15A) (AMNH 41); E retrolateral vieW of the male left palp With arroWs indicating the RTA and DTA (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15C) (MCTP 1772); Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.2 mm (D), 0.5 mm (C, E);F female front With arroW indicating the medial spire (MS) on the thoracic area (Photo credit: Almir Cândido de Almeida).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<subSubSection id="90AE652C673EA43F23C0FEFC5223BCEE" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="D80B36A7673EA43F23C0FEFC5318BDD6" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F23C0FEFC5720BE3B" bold="true" box="[199,345,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Description.</emphasis>
|
|
Polychromatic and cryptic bark-dwelling spiders with accentuated sexual size dimorphism and body coloration varying from to dark-brown to purple and pink (conservative in males, which are predominantly dark-orange on prosoma and legs and yellow on the opisthosoma). Prosoma as long as wide, in some cases bearing a pair of ocular projections above the ALE and a strong and conical MS on the thoracic portion (as in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2683FE89575DBE8B" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterogaster">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2683FE89575DBE8B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. heterogaster</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F225EFE6D57AFBE8B" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1924" box="[345,470,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F225EFE6D57AFBE8B" box="[345,470,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. rubripes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) (
|
|
<figureCitation id="408F2A22673EA43F22E9FE6C5439BE8A" box="[494,576,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1778,1800]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[236,1352,185,1763]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epicadus heterogaster (Guérin-Méneville, 1829). A dorsal gutter of left tibia I (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B) (AMNH 41); B detail of the sensorial pit on tibia I (AMNH); C ventral vieW of the epigynal plate With arroWs indicating the median septum (MSept) and copulatory openings (CO) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15B); D dorsal vieW of female genitalia With detail of the primary (S1) and secondary spermathecae (S2) (adapted from Silva-Moreira & Machado 2016: fig. 15A) (AMNH 41); E retrolateral vieW of the male left palp With arroWs indicating the RTAand DTA(adaptedfrom Silva-Moreira &Machado 2016:fig.15C)(MCTP1772); Scale bars:1 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.2mm (D), 0.5mm (C, E);F female front WitharroW indicating the medialspire (MS) on thethoracic area (Photo credit:Almir Cândido de Almeida)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
|
), where a white spot can also be observed; clypeus high (about five times the diameter of AME) and in most of the species with an upside down V-shaped mark. Opisthosoma presenting three (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F23A7FE25575EBED3" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[160,295,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F23A7FE25575EBED3" box="[160,295,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. caudatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F223FFE2557ADBED3" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1909" box="[312,468,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F223FFE2557ADBED3" box="[312,468,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. granulatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F22E2FE255404BED3" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[485,637,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulosus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F22E2FE255404BED3" box="[485,637,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. pustulosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F21BDFE255514BED3" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[698,877,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taczanowskii">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F21BDFE255514BED3" box="[698,877,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. taczanowskii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), five (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F20C1FE255220BED3" baseAuthorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[966,1113,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camelinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F20C1FE255220BED3" box="[966,1113,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. camelinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F276CFE255375BED3" authority="Machado & Teixeira & Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado & Teixeira & Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[1131,1292,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiaster" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F276CFE255375BED3" box="[1131,1292,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. dimidiaster</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE673EA43F2611FE24530ABED3" box="[1302,1395,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2611FE24530ABED3" bold="true" box="[1302,1395,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2683FE255692BD3E" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2683FE255692BD3E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. pulcher</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F23FBFDF9570DBD3E" authority="Machado & Teixeira & Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado & Teixeira & Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[252,372,513,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F23FBFDF9570DBD3E" box="[252,372,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. tigrinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE673EA43F2279FE0757A3BD3E" box="[382,474,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2279FE0757A3BD3E" bold="true" box="[382,474,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F22EDFDF954C8BD3E" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[490,689,511,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trituberculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F22EDFDF954C8BD3E" box="[490,689,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. trituberculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F21C6FDF9553BBD3E" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1924" box="[705,834,511,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F21C6FDF9553BBD3E" box="[705,834,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. rubripes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) or seven (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F20CFFDF9520CBD3E" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[968,1141,511,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterogaster">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F20CFFDF9520CBD3E" box="[968,1141,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">E. heterogaster</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) conical projections (less conspicuous in males). Legs I and II stronger and larger than the posterior ones and with conical or blister-shaped setae sockets on the ventral surface of femora; anterior tibiae and metatarsi with three pairs of ventral macrosetae each. Epigynum with copulatory openings exposed or covered by prominences of a median septum formed by the joining of the C-shaped posterior folds of the epigynal plate; two pairs of kidney-shaped spermathecae, varying in size and level of constriction of the upper curve of the copulatory ducts. Male palp with discoid tegulum, filiform embolus and both apophysis (canoe-shaped RTA + pointed and curved DTA) emerging together on the tibiae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D80B36A7673EA43F23C0FD04544CBC82" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F23C0FD04571EBC33" bold="true" box="[199,359,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Composition.</emphasis>
|
|
Eleven species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2126FD045219BC33" authority="(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[545,1120,764,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camelinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2126FD045578BC33" box="[545,769,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus camelinus</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F2016FD045220BC33" box="[785,1113,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref19322" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1869) Descriptions and sketches of some neW species of Araneida With characters of a neW genus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 3, 52 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936908695878" type="journal article">O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F276BFD045339BC33" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1132,1344,764,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F276BFD045339BC33" box="[1132,1344,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus caudatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Mello-
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F2390FCE75753BC1E" box="[151,298,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref19139" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1929) Aphantochilidas e Thomisidas do Brasil. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 360 pp." type="book">Leitão, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2238FCE75449BC1E" authority="Machado & Teixeira & Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado & Teixeira & Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[319,560,799,824]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiaster" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2238FCE75449BC1E" box="[319,560,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus dimidiaster</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE673EA43F213EFCE754EDBC1E" box="[569,660,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F213EFCE754EDBC1E" bold="true" box="[569,660,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F21A3FCE75251BC1E" authority="Banks, 1909" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1909" box="[676,1064,799,824]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F21A3FCE755F7BC1E" box="[676,910,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus granulatus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F2090FCE75251BC1E" box="[919,1064,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref18703" refString="Banks, N. (1909) Arachnida from Costa Rica. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 61, 194 - 234. Biraben, M. (1955) Dos tomisidos neuvos de Bolivia (Araneae). Publicaciones de la Mision de Estudios de Patologia Regional Argentina, Jujuy, 26, 73 - 77." type="journal article">Banks, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2732FCE7534ABC1E" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1077,1331,799,824]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterogaster">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2732FCE7534ABC1E" box="[1077,1331,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus heterogaster</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Guérin-
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F2390FCBC572ABC7A" box="[151,339,836,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref18808" refString="Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (1829) Iconographie du regne animal de Cuvier, ou representation d'apres nature de l'une des especes les plus remarquables et souvent non encore figurees de chaque genre d'animaux. J. B. Bailliere Sante Company, Paris, 464 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10331" type="book">Méneville, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2260FCBC5481BC7A" authority="(Simon, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[359,760,836,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulosus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2260FCBC5435BC7B" box="[359,588,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus pustulosus</emphasis>
|
|
(Simon, 1929)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2002FCBC52B8BC7A" authority="(Mello-Leitao, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[773,1217,836,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2002FCBC55B3BC7B" box="[773,970,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus pulcher</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F20DEFCBC52C0BC7A" box="[985,1209,836,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref19139" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1929) Aphantochilidas e Thomisidas do Brasil. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 360 pp." type="book">Mello-Leitão, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F27CAFCBC57F8BCA6" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1924" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1924" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F27CAFCBC53E5BC7B" box="[1229,1436,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus rubripes</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F2390FC9F57F8BCA6" box="[151,385,871,896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref19109" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. (1924) Algumas aranhas novas do Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, 1, 275 - 281." type="journal article">Mello-Leitão, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F229EFC9F5503BCA6" authority="(Roewer, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[409,890,871,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taczanowskii">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F229EFC9F54DEBCA6" box="[409,679,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus taczanowskii</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F21C4FC905508BCA6" box="[707,881,871,896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref19411" refString="RoeWer, C. F. (1951) Neue Namen einiger Araneen-Arten. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen, 32, 437 - 456." type="journal article">Roewer, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2094FC9F521EBCA6" authority="Machado & Teixeira & Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado & Teixeira & Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[915,1127,871,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2094FC9F521EBCA6" box="[915,1127,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus tigrinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE673EA43F277CFC9F529BBCA6" box="[1147,1250,871,896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F277CFC9F529BBCA6" bold="true" box="[1147,1250,871,896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24673EA43F2633FC9F5448BC82" authority="(Taczanowski, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trituberculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F2633FC9F5745BC83" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Epicadus trituberculatus</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC254B56673EA43F224CFC745451BC82" box="[331,552,908,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refId="ref19570" refString="TaczanoWski, L. (1872) Les araneides de la Guyane francaise. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 9, 64 - 112." type="journal article">Taczanowski, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D80B36A7673EA43F23C0FC575223BCEE" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,968]" box="[199,1114,943,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
|
|
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5673EA43F23C0FC5757B0BCEE" bold="true" box="[199,457,943,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Updated distribution.</emphasis>
|
|
From central
|
|
<collectingRegion id="1A70F845673EA43F2160FC5754C4BCEE" box="[615,701,943,968]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
|
|
<collectingCountry id="A0A37637673EA43F2160FC5754C4BCEE" box="[615,701,943,968]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
</collectingRegion>
|
|
to southwestern
|
|
<collectingCountry id="A0A37637673EA43F207CFC575593BCEE" box="[891,1002,943,968]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="408F2A22673EA43F20FDFC575234BCEE" box="[1018,1101,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1744]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 17. Data of distribution records of Epicadus species compiled from Machado et al. (2015, 2017); Silva-Moreira and Machado (2016); present study." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183164/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |