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<document id="577DB54AE301F224CD2D28F4FF13B72E" ID-CLB-Dataset="30682" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4382.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b88bfa2d-4b83-41f8-a145-a95ca196960f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1183130" ID-ZooBank="87A2B333-09FF-4726-A1EF-0699FB631808" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1519301947700" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Machado, Miguel, Teixeira, Renato Augusto &amp; Lise, Arno Antonio" docDate="2018" docId="501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4382.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4382 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Epicadus tigrinus Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="522" masterDocId="AC24FFC9673DA43C2307FFF85679BF26" masterDocTitle="There and back again: More on the taxonomy of the crab spiders genus Epicadus (Thomisidae: Stephanopinae)" masterLastPageNumber="530" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="519" updateTime="1702001085459" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="0DBF004DD4E0782FEBDC4B0BDFD4CC55" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1D6C875FED3E5BAE65823030271BB4FB">
<mods:title id="6727FD97048F4A30CAF3FB690CB7D9D9">There and back again: More on the taxonomy of the crab spiders genus Epicadus (Thomisidae: Stephanopinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="AFF459061B35493F18C7B7A3E28E015B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="35CAE4E2AEB89D04B59C875A8D3523D9">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4605AA695632EB28A73EA9CC17466955">Machado, Miguel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CA1763A7F0BEFDC6B4E93C7C84753CD4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F70A1A882B0C1F118B9CFA9307A91A44">
<mods:roleTerm id="603811BD8AA97A5633E60BEBD7ACE6AE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="04326BE090C611027F0D117BF14C5EF8">Teixeira, Renato Augusto</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D5D8902C6EB20E14D1C5EC03FFEB13B4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78DBEA84E33D6F8CCE8CCE9822AD1071">
<mods:roleTerm id="F866BFF60752EF6017F6775A2F38EE25">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9BDB05298F4803B05494A0E68631A28F">Lise, Arno Antonio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C2EDA06B6DC24449773BBF6128D7F8C2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="39412439438A600412283342436B71B5">
<mods:title id="2352FBA7C21D574310D1AEDFBF6AA109">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B34AB7094C428E8B64F33B7F7A9081DA">
<mods:date id="D3FBA8F54D01290E1B0AAA07F5C545C9">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C55A9C9A3C8C3F57C7A0435F54E31976" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B74E6DA784DDEEEC9763CA672CE43D98">2018-02-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="329C92657337A04A07752912A3859B49" type="volume">
<mods:number id="708007EF4C78E179B40E05AA0D0C93E0">4382</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="96975CC191A5F9B594D04DA3600CB705" type="issue">
<mods:number id="0A1C2A10211EA8FFCF675B842A6AFBD1">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="127C31ACC9277F1B8AA2CC2B6E1973D2">501</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="17E38915FE3C33F5214E150D0213E2D1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CD4124372D2788F9CEF9B5D6C56103E9" type="CLB-Dataset">30682</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="91233B9B684A482FE2A74CCE6520F07C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4382.3.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0395BAA877EE11036D48ADE8C82777D7" type="GBIF-Dataset">b88bfa2d-4b83-41f8-a145-a95ca196960f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7FD885E97E278C6AE9BEB7868BAC995C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C9CDC2A3AAE84A85F15CE017999E8867" type="Zenodo-Dep">1183130</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="59386B5F20F4F77871796C47329F3FD4" type="ZooBank">87A2B333-09FF-4726-A1EF-0699FB631808</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5951336" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141118942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5951336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<subSubSection id="90AE652C672FA42E2390F92257F9B830" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672FA42E2390F92257ABB9D3" blockId="18.[151,466,1754,1814]" box="[151,466,1754,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<heading id="834381CB672FA42E2390F92257ABB9D3" bold="true" box="[151,466,1754,1781]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" reason="1">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672FA42E2390F92257ABB9D3" bold="true" box="[151,466,1754,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672FA42E2390F9225715B9D2" ID-CoL="6G3DW" authority="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,364,1754,1780]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672FA42E2390F9225715B9D2" bold="true" box="[151,364,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Epicadus tigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE672FA42E2273F92357ABB9D3" box="[372,466,1755,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672FA42E2390F90557F9B830" blockId="18.[151,466,1754,1814]" box="[151,384,1789,1814]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672FA42E2390F905575AB830" box="[151,291,1789,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Figs 10A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672FA42E2229F90657F9B830" box="[302,384,1790,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">11A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90AE652C672FA42F2390F8BD54FCBFF3" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672FA42E2390F8BD57B5B8A4" blockId="18.[151,1436,1861,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<materialsCitation id="68DC3CFA672FA42E2390F8BD57B5B8A4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1820860163" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.065223" location="Panama City" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.645294" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" specimenCode="MCZ 141839" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Panama City" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672FA42E2390F8BD57BAB878" bold="true" box="[151,451,1861,1886]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<typeStatus id="070F8805672FA42E2390F8BD56ABB878" box="[151,210,1861,1886]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Type</typeStatus>
material:
<typeStatus id="070F8805672FA42E224AF8BD57C7B878" box="[333,446,1861,1886]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
female, Summit Municipal [
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672FA42E2004F8BD55EAB878" box="[771,915,1861,1886]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" precision="1" value="9.065223">9°3'54.80&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672FA42E2099F8BE5235B878" box="[926,1100,1862,1886]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" precision="1" value="-79.645294">79°38'43.07&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingRegion id="1A70F845672FA42E2751F8BE529FB878" box="[1110,1254,1861,1886]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Panama City</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A0A37637672FA42E27F6F8BE5336B87B" box="[1265,1359,1862,1885]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Panama</collectingCountry>
],
<collectorName id="75415371672FA42E2666F8BE576DB8A4" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">A.M. Chickering</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="88129EDC672FA42E2225F89257B9B8A4" box="[290,448,1898,1922]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">MCZ 141839</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672FA42E23C0F8755733B8C8" blockId="18.[151,1436,1861,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<materialsCitation id="68DC3CFA672FA42E23C0F8755681B8EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1820860265" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.152102" location="Barro Colorado Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84648" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" specimenCode="MCZ 141840" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672FA42E23C0F8755731B880" bold="true" box="[199,328,1933,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
<typeStatus id="070F8805672FA42E23C0F875573AB880" box="[199,323,1933,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="CEB2FD2E672FA42E2256F87657D4B880" box="[337,429,1933,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<location id="DD6B607C672FA42E22BCF87654C2B880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A:DD6B607C672FA42E22BCF87654C2B880" box="[443,699,1933,1958]" country="Panama" latitude="9.152102" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84648" name="Barro Colorado Island" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Barro Colorado Island</location>
[
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672FA42E21CBF8755537B880" box="[716,846,1933,1958]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" precision="1" value="9.152102">9°9'7.57&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672FA42E205BF8755273B880" box="[860,1034,1933,1958]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" precision="1" value="-79.84648">79°50'47.33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingCountry id="A0A37637672FA42E271FF876520FB883" box="[1048,1142,1934,1957]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Panama</collectingCountry>
],
<collectorName id="75415371672FA42E278DF8765334B880" box="[1162,1357,1933,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">A.M. Chickering</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="88129EDC672FA42E265AF8765689B8EC" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">MCZ 141840</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="68DC3CFA672FA42E220DF84A573FB8C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1820860158" collectingDate="2006-01-22" collectionCode="MCTP" collectorName="R. J. Miranda" country="Panama" latitude="8.584897" location="Reserva Florestal Fortuna" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-82.38857" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" specimenCode="MCTP 39867" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="CEB2FD2E672FA42E220DF84A5727B8EC" box="[266,350,1969,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<location id="DD6B607C672FA42E2276F84A54DBB8EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A:DD6B607C672FA42E2276F84A54DBB8EF" box="[369,674,1969,1994]" country="Panama" latitude="8.584897" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-82.38857" name="Reserva Florestal Fortuna" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Reserva Florestal Fortuna</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672FA42E21BCF8495532B8EC" box="[699,843,1969,1994]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" precision="1" value="8.584897">8°35'5.63&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672FA42E205AF84A5276B8EC" box="[861,1039,1970,1994]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" precision="1" value="-82.38857">82°23'18.88&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingDate id="BC4EE98F672FA42E272FF84A528BB8EC" box="[1064,1266,1969,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" value="2006-01-22">
<date id="AC0A1067672FA42E272FF84A528BB8EC" box="[1064,1266,1969,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" value="2006-01-22">22 January 2006</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="75415371672FA42E2603F84A53E5B8EC" box="[1284,1436,1969,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">R.J. Miranda</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="88129EDC672FA42E2399F82E5747B8C8" box="[158,318,2005,2030]" collectionCode="MCTP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rq94-ajyg" name="Museu de Ciencias" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">MCTP 39867</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672EA42F23C0FF6F54FCBFF3" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<materialsCitation id="68DC3CFA672EA42F23C0FF6F54FCBFF3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1820860152" collectingDate="2000-03" collectionCode="INBio" country="Costa Rica" latitude="10.096533" location="Siquirres" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-83.53433" municipality="Other" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" specimenCode="INBio 58588" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Limon">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F23C0FF6F552EBF96" bold="true" box="[199,855,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<collectingMunicipality id="386FACDD672EA42F23C0FF6F5776BF96" box="[199,271,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Other</collectingMunicipality>
material examined.
<collectingCountry id="A0A37637672EA42F212DFF6F5490BF96" box="[554,745,151,176]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1A70F845672EA42F2005FF6F5537BF96" box="[770,846,151,176]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F2005FF6F5537BF96" bold="true" box="[770,846,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Limon</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="CEB2FD2E672EA42F206BFF605591BF96" box="[876,1000,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="CEB2FD2E672EA42F2706FF605236BF96" box="[1025,1103,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
,
<location id="DD6B607C672EA42F2760FF6F52B6BF96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:501D87B1672FA4292390F922548CBD1A:DD6B607C672EA42F2760FF6F52B6BF96" box="[1127,1231,151,176]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="10.096533" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-83.53433" municipality="Other" name="Siquirres" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" stateProvince="Limon">Siquirres</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672EA42F27EFFF6053E1BF96" box="[1256,1432,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="1" value="10.096533">10° 5'47.52&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BD805060672EA42F2390FF44574FBFF3" box="[151,310,188,213]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" precision="1" value="-83.53433">83°32'3.60&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate id="BC4EE98F672EA42F2246FF4457B5BFF2" box="[321,460,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="2000-03">
<date id="AC0A1067672EA42F2246FF4457B5BFF2" box="[321,460,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" value="2000-03">March 2000</date>
</collectingDate>
, (
<specimenCode id="88129EDC672EA42F22D8FF445400BFF3" box="[479,633,188,213]" collectionCode="INBio" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">INBio 58588</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90AE652C672EA42F23C0FF27575ABE66" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672EA42F23C0FF27575ABE66" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F23C0FF275737BFDE" bold="true" box="[199,334,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is a Latin masculine adjective which refers to the body coloration of both males and females, whose yellow prosoma and legs (dark-orange in males), with black stripes, resembles the pattern of a tiger pelage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90AE652C672EA42F23C0FEB4550EBD8E" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672EA42F23C0FEB4550EBD8E" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F23C0FEB45738BE43" bold="true" box="[199,321,332,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females of
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F22DEFEB5542DBE42" authority="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[473,596,333,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F22DEFEB5542DBE42" box="[473,596,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">E. tigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE672EA42F2167FEB454C6BE43" box="[608,703,332,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" rank="species">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F2167FEB454C6BE43" bold="true" box="[608,703,332,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F20A1FEB55266BE43" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[934,1055,332,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F20A1FEB55266BE43" box="[934,1055,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">E. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their body coloration pattern (yellowish/orange suffused with black stripes and stains), and those of
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F20CFFE895230BEAE" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1924" box="[968,1097,367,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F20CFFE895230BEAE" box="[968,1097,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">E. rubripes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the stout and long median posterior opisthosomal projection. However, they can be recognized by a large rectangular guanine stain on the thoracic region, straight anterior border of the opisthosoma and by the absence of lower lateral opisthosomal projections (
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672EA42F2224FE2457F2BED2" box="[291,395,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F22E2FE25541ABED3" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1924" box="[485,611,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F22E2FE25541ABED3" box="[485,611,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">E. rubripes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F219DFE255577BED3" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[666,782,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F219DFE255577BED3" box="[666,782,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">E. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
present two pairs of lateral opisthosomal projections. The epigynum differs in ventral view from those of other species of the genus by the depressed and reduced median field with deeply excavated copulatory openings (
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672EA42F21C5FDDC5551BD1A" box="[706,808,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
). Males can be distinguished from those of other species by their opisthosoma with a long and acute median posterior projection, prosoma dark-orange with a bifid median black stain (
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672EA42F2225FD9457F0BDA2" box="[290,393,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
) (differing from other males, which may present just a single dark median line) and by the palp with TF and embolus emerging at twelve o’clock (
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672EA42F2003FD775510BD8E" box="[772,873,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="8CCB662F672EA42F2390F91B521AB83E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" startId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" targetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672EA42F2390F91B521AB83E" blockId="19.[151,1436,1763,1816]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F2390F91B5766B9DF" bold="true" box="[151,287,1763,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F2221F91B57A0B9DF" authority="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[294,473,1763,1785]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F2221F91B57A0B9DF" box="[294,473,1763,1785]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Epicadus tigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F22D8F91B544EB9DF" bold="true" box="[479,567,1763,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE672EA42F22D8F91B544BB9DF" box="[479,562,1763,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="90AE652C672EA42923C0F8C752ADBD3E" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="description">
<paragraph id="D80B36A7672EA42823C0F8C75339BE66" blockId="19.[151,1437,1855,2024]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="521" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F23C0F8C7543CB87E" bold="true" box="[199,581,1855,1880]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
Description. Female (
<typeStatus id="070F8805672EA42F22CDF8C7544EB87E" box="[458,567,1855,1880]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
Anterior eye row recurved and posterior row slightly procurved; prosoma yellow with black stains randomly distributed (
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672EA42F21BBF89B5536B85A" box="[700,847,1891,1916]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Figs 10A, B</figureCitation>
); Clypeus with upside down V-shaped black mark divided; a black stripe starts from each ALE to the margin of clypeus; chelicerae yellow with a diagonal black stripe in anterior view (
<figureCitation id="408F2A22672EA42F229AF853547DB8E2" box="[413,516,1963,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
); Sternum yellow, scutiform and longer than wide. Labium yellow, cuneiform and wider than long. Endites yellow and longer than wide. Leg characteristics as in
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D24672EA42F2770F828528BB8CE" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1143,1266,1999,2024]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB5672EA42F2770F828528BB8CE" box="[1143,1266,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">E. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Opisthosoma predominantly whitish-yellow dappled with tiny black spots; anterior border straight, dorsolateral opisthosomal projections conical and facing backwards, ventrolateral opisthosomal projections absent and median posterior opisthosomal projection single-tipped, stout and conical (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226729A428202DFF2755EFBFDE" box="[810,918,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
). Epigynal plate presents a deeply excavated median field, with curved and reduced lateral folds and inconspicuous median septum (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226729A42827A2FEFC5368BE3A" box="[1189,1297,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
); secondary spermathecae long and strongly curved; primary spermathecae oval-shaped with rough surface (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226729A42827CCFEDF534DBE66" box="[1227,1332,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,733,1742]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., female (MCZ 141839). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C epigynal plate (ventral); D spermathecae and copulatory ducts (dorsal). Scale bars:2 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183150/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D80B36A76729A42823C0FEB55519BD3E" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Measurements: eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.15, PME 0.13, PLE 0.12, AME–AME 0.29, AME–ALE 0.20, PME–PME 0.38, PME–PLE 0.20, MOQ length 0.58, MOQ width 0.38; leg formula: 1-2-4- 3: leg I—femur 4.25/ patella 2.25/ tibia 2.85/ metatarsus 2.02/ tarsus 1.45/ total 12.82; II—4.20/ 2.25/ 2.95/ 1.90/ 1.42/ 12.72; III—2.55/ 1.45/ 1.50/ 1.25/ 0.72/ 7.47; IV—2.50/ 1.35/ 1.80/ 1.45/ 0.60/ 7.70. Total body length 9.16; prosoma length 4.58, width 4.37; opisthosoma length 4.58; clypeus height 0.44; sternum length 2.03, width 1.60; endites length 1.28, width 0.47; labium length 0.78, width 0.72.</paragraph>
<caption id="8CCB662F6729A4282390F8E65564B874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" startId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" targetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="D80B36A76729A4282390F8E65564B874" blockId="20.[151,1435,1822,1874]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB56729A4282390F8E65767B812" bold="true" box="[151,286,1822,1844]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1FB44D246729A4282222F8E657A0B812" authority="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise, 2018" authorityName="Machado &amp; Teixeira &amp; Lise" authorityYear="2018" box="[293,473,1822,1844]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Epicadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB56729A4282222F8E657A0B812" box="[293,473,1822,1844]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Epicadus tigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB56729A42822E7F8E65441B812" bold="true" box="[480,568,1822,1844]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F1F357CE6729A42822E7F8E6544AB812" box="[480,563,1822,1844]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D80B36A76729A42923C0F88752ADBD3E" blockId="20.[151,1436,1919,2016]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB56729A42823C0F887543BB8BE" bold="true" box="[199,578,1919,1944]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">
Male (
<typeStatus id="070F88056729A4282215F88757FDB8BE" box="[274,388,1919,1944]" pageId="20" pageNumber="521" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
; MCTP 39867):
</emphasis>
Anterior eye row recurved and posterior straight. Prosoma dark-orange with brown stains at the borders; clypeus and thoracic portion of prosoma also present darker stains (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226729A42827FCF85B53F4B89A" box="[1275,1421,1955,1980]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="521">Figs 11A, B</figureCitation>
); chelicerae dark-orange, sternum dark-orange with brown margins, scutiform, as long as wide. Labium orange, cuneiform and wider than long; endites orange with brown margins and longer than wide. Tibiae and femora of legs I, II and IV orange with large brown taints; femora III and all patellae predominantly yellow (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226728A4292623FF4453E9BFF2" box="[1316,1424,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Opisthosoma whitish-yellow with large brown taints and dark-brown granules randomly distributed; opisthosomal projections conical and facing backwards; posterior median projection well developed and pointed (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226728A4292623FEFC53E9BE3A" box="[1316,1424,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Male palp with RTA canoe-shaped and DTA curved upwards (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226728A4292067FEDF55B1BE66" box="[864,968,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
); embolus filiform, tegulum discoid with TF at twelve o’clock position (
<figureCitation id="408F2A226728A42922F3FEB45423BE42" box="[500,602,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,589,1801]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. Epicadus tigrinus sp. nov., male (MCTP 39867). A, B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, D left palp (C frontal, D retrolateral). Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B), 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183152/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
). Measurements: eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.20, PME–PLE 0,10, MOQ length 0.24, MOQ width 0.19; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I—femur 1.28/ patella 0.60/ tibia 0.86 / metatarsus 0.62/ tarsus 0.44/ total 3.80; II—1.20/ 0.58/ 0.79/ 0.54/ 0.44/ 3.55; III—0.70/ 0.39/ 0.48/ 0.32/ 0.30/ 2.19; IV—0.86/ 0.34/ 0.52/ 0.44/ 0.29/ 2.45. Total body length 2.98; prosoma length 1.42, width 1.32; opisthosoma length 1.56; clypeus height 0.20; sternum length 0.64, width 0.62; endites length 0.28, width 0.20; labium length 0.20, width 0.26.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90AE652C6728A42923C0FDDC548CBD1A" box="[199,757,548,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D80B36A76728A42923C0FDDC548CBD1A" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,757,548,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="EAC0EAB56728A42923C0FDDC5719BD1B" bold="true" box="[199,352,548,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="A0A376376728A4292260FDDC5798BD1B" box="[359,481,548,573]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="1A70F8456728A429211FFDDD5409BD1A" box="[536,624,549,572]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">
<collectingCountry id="A0A376376728A429211FFDDD5409BD1A" box="[536,624,549,572]" name="Panama" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Panama</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="408F2A226728A4292178FDDC5491BD1A" box="[639,744,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1744]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 17. Data of distribution records of Epicadus species compiled from Machado et al. (2015, 2017); Silva-Moreira and Machado (2016); present study." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183164/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="522">Fig. 17D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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